Pega Interview Preperation
Pega Interview Preperation
Pega Interview Preperation
A. Direct Capture of Objectives (DCO) refers to a set of application development tools and
best practices that are used to define business and project objectives, processes,
specifications, and requirements, and link them to implementations.
2. What is SDLC and its models?
A. Software Development life cycle (SDLC) is a spiritual model used in project management
that defines the stages include in an information system development project, from an initial
feasibility study to the maintenance of the completed application.
Its models are Waterfall Model, Spiral Model, RAD Model, V Model, Incremental Model, Agile
Model, Iterative Model, Bigbang Model.
3. Difference between Decision table and Decision Tree.
A. The basic difference between decision tree and decision table is that in decision table every
condition should depend on all the specified properties. And we cannot specify logic between
the properties. As opposed to evaluating all the clipboard properties for any given row in
Decision tables, you can evaluate specific properties for a given row in Decision Trees.
4. What are the scopes of data pages?
A. The scope captures how widely data is visible in an application. There are three levels of a
scope: THREAD, REQUESTOR & NODE.
5. What are the types of inheritances in PEGA?
A. Inheritance is the mechanism by which a child class can use all of the rules defined for a
parent class. Pega supports two types of inheritance: pattern inheritance and directed
inheritance.
6. What is integration?
A. Most applications require access to data or computations that are provided by another
system. Applications need to respond to requests from other systems for data or
computations. The approaches, technologies, and facilities that support accessing data are
collectively known as Integration.
A. The Enterprise Class Structure, or ECS, is an out-of-box class structure that provides a
foundation for reuse. There are four layers (Enterprise or Organizational, Divisional,
Implementation) and each layer is designed to hold rules that are specialized for that layer.
23. What is forward and backward chaining? Explain the differences and methods of it.
A.Forward chaining allows for the automatic propagation of changes in one property value to
changes in other property values or to indexes. This process only operates when the source
properties are not marked as invalid. If a property has an associated message, forward
chaining halts.
Backward chaining allows for a computation to advance even when the value of an input or
parameter property is not available. This capability is provided by the Rule-Declare-
Expressions rule type and the Property-Seek-Value method working together, and can be
seen in standard flow actions including VerifyProperty and VerifyPropertyWithListing.
Forward chaining is executed when the value of any of the source properties
change.Backward Chaining mode executes when the target property is referenced. Backward
chaining is supported only for declare expressions.Based on your requirement, we need to
choose the Forward or backward chaining. For your example i.e. A=B+C, we need to use
forward chaining. when property B and C value changes we need to calculate A value.
24. What is an activity? Why do we use it? Mention some OOTB activities.
A. An activity is the sequential processing unit of the Pega Platform system. An activity
consists of one or more steps. Each step can call a Pega Platform method, transfer control to
another activity, or execute custom inline Java.
OOTB Activites: Assignment Activities, Integrator Activities, Notify Activities, Route Activities,
Utility Activities.
25. What is delegation? Why do we use it? Mention what type of rules can be delegated.
A. Delegation is the assignment of any authority to another person (normally from a manager
to a subordinate) to carry out specific activities. Rule delegation is used to reduce the
workload for architects of minor, low risk maintenance items and provide a degree of
empowerment to those closest to the day-to-day operations. Rule delegation empowers
business users to respond continuously changing business conditions.
Rules like SLA, Correspondance, decision rules can be delegated.
26. What is workgroup, workqueue, worklist?
A. A work group identifies a user who is a supervisor and a set of workers and workbaskets
that report to that supervisor. A work group is an instance of the Data-Admin-WorkGroup
class. The Operator ID data instance (Data-Admin-Operator-ID class) usually identifies the
work group that a user belongs to.
A work queue is a list of work in your application that is shared by operators with the same
user role. A work queue is sometimes referred to as a workbasket.
A worklist displays open assignments, ordered by urgency, for a specific operator. You can
use your worklist to view the ID, status, and relevant instructions for each item.
Flows by relationship
The following flows are defined by the way that they run, relative to other flows:
• Parent — Calls another flow by using the Subprocess, Split Join, or Split For Each shape
• Subprocess — Called by another flow
By default, control is returned to the parent flow when the End shape in the sequence is
reached.
• Parallel — Runs without causing the parent flow or another subprocess in the parent flow
to wait for it to finish.
A spin-off subprocess is one example of a parallel flow.
43. What is declare expression and why we use it
A. Declare Expression allows to configure application so that system automatically updates
property values. It is used to is used to update immediately when quantity is changed.
44. Real time examples of forward and backward chaining
A. We have created a form for vacation booking process. Declarative expressions are used to
calculate values such as cost of flight, hotel, car rental, and taxes. The last form includes a field
that displays the total amount that will be charged on the user’s credit card. If we want to
configure the calculations so that the total amount is calculated only when the user reaches
the last form then,
Use Backward Chaining option for the total amount expression. Use Forward Chaining for all
the other expressions.
45. Can we call a datatransform inside another data transform
A. Yes, we can call a DT inside another DT using action called Apply Data Transform.
Eg: pyDefault calling pySetFieldDefaults DT.
46. What is data transform superclassing/chaining
A. Select the Call superclass data transform? check box to chain together this data transform
and data transforms with the same name in any of its parent classes. At runtime, the system
first performs the actions defined in the highest-level data transform. The data transform in
the highest class is invoked first. The data transform of the same name (if any) in the second-
highest class is invoked next, and so on. The current data transform is invoked last.
47. How to call a data transform inside an activity
A. In the Activity Step, use Apply Data-Transform method to refer the Data Transform.
48. What is step page in activity
A. A step page is a reference to a clipboard page that is available to the activity, or to a new
page that is created by the step. Each step in an activity could have a designated step page.
The step page becomes the primary page for the duration of the step's execution.
49. What will happen when you don’t specify a step page in an activity
A. If the Step Page field of the step is blank, this method clears the primary page of the
current activity and may change its class. This often is undesirable.
50. Give the edit validate rule syntax
A. The edit validate rule syntax depends on the format/pattern to be validated. Pega provides
a variety of OOTB edit validate rules that we can make use of them or else we have to create
new edit validate rule where we will be writing the java Boolean function for validating the
property and can make use of it for the particular property.
51. What is Data propagation? When do we use it? How do we use it
A. In Pega, Data propagation is the act of initializing a case or other item of work with data
from another case. When we want any appropriate information need to be propagated to a
subcase, then we will use Data Propagation.
You can propagate data from a parent case to each child case that is created at run time. By
sharing property values among cases, you save time and provide relevant information to
caseworkers.
1. Open a parent case type in Case Designer.
2. On the Settings tab, click Data propagation to display a list of child case types and the
properties that have been propagated.
3. Click a child case name to expand the section.
4. Click + Add property.
5. In the Propagate property value field, press the Down Arrow key and select the name
of a property that is copied from the parent case at run time.
52. What is datatransform? Where we use it and what are the different types of actions
available in it
A. A Data Transform is used for Initialization, Manipulation and Copying of property values.
It is applied on
-Connectors (pre-processing and post-processing),
-Within the Action set as Refresh action with DT.
-We can use data transform as an action within a data transform as Apply Data
Transform.
-As Data source for Data Pages.
There are different types of actions available in it. They are Set, Comment, Update
Page, Remove, Apply Data Transform, Append to, Append and Map To, When, Sort, Otherwise,
Otherwise When, For each page in, Exit For Each, Exit Data Transform.
53. How to configure a section rule
A. A Section is a rule in Pega to configure the contents of userview..
1. When we create a step and make Configure View, automatically Section rule is created.
2. Create >> User Interface >> Section
3. App Explorer >> Case type >> User Interface >> left click on Section >> Create
54. What is correspondence, what are the different correspondences, PEGA supports, how do
we configure them
A. Organizations depend on timely communication to establish a shared understanding of
transactions or assignments which is Correspondence. Pega supports 4 types of
Correspondence- Email, Regular Mail, Fax, Text message. To configure them,
1. We can add Utility shape for a process for email,
Open Properties >>Rule—CorrNew >> Select CorrName and Party Role
2. To create Correspondence Rule,
Create >> Process >> Correspondence
Once Correspondence Rule form appears,
- Give Correspondence Name
- Select Correspondence type
3. To add Send Email Automation step,
Add step >> More >> Automations >> Send Email
- In the Configuration panel, select Recipient and Subject
- Define the Correspondence Template to be used
- Click on cross hair icon to configure the Correspondence Rule.
55. What is PEGA? What is the difference between PEGA and other automations available in
market?
A. Pega is a Business Process Management tool. It is developed on Java and uses OOP and java
concepts. The big advantage is we don't have to build the system from the scratch like any
conventional programming. Pega is a low code or no code development tool. And also
because of it is agile way, Flexibility, Simplicity, scalability, performance speed and being
extensible.
A. UI provides interaction between user and machines.UI design is used for better experience
and efficiency. The user interface is the graphical layout of an application. It consists of the
buttons users click on, the text they read, the images, text entry fields, and all the rest of the
items the user interacts with. We will design ui with some rules in pega they are section, skin,
controls.
A. An access role rule defines a name for a role, and represents a set of capabilities. To deliver
the capabilities to users, you reference the access role name in other rule types to assign the
access role to users and to provide, or restrict, access to certain classes.
In Pega applications, process reports track statistics on how work is performed. Unlike
business metrics, the application automatically defines and generates process data. Process
metrics operate on Pega Platform parameters. Process reports focus on process metrics that
are unique to your case.
71. How can we change the color of buttons/controls in PEGA? Explain the navigation flow
A. A skin defines the responsive behavior and formatting, such as colors, fonts, images, and
layouts used in a Pega application. A skin generates the styling for the application. A skin
applies formatting through the use of mixins and formats.
Navigation: Application->skin->mixins tab->mymixins->create new mixin
73. Draw the work flow of Expense report(any scenario based on interviewer asks)
A. …………….
74. Differentiate between page, page group, page list with example
A.
• A page is a single entity. The customer is an example of a page property. A page is also
referred to as a field group.
• A page list is a numerically ordered list. The line items that make up the purchase
request is an example of a page list. A page list is also referred to as a field group list.
• A page group is an unordered list. The address property is an example of a page
group.
75. Differentiate between single value, value group, value list with example
A. Example above
• A single value or scalar property stores text, numbers, dates, Boolean values, and
amounts.
• A value list acts as a container for an ordered list of single values. The discount codes
property is an example of a value list. Each code is a single piece of information, but a
clear relationship exists between the codes.
• A value group acts as a container for an unordered list of single values. The
customer's phone numbers are defined as a value group identifying the contextual
meaning of each number: home, work, or mobile.
76. What is unit testing
A. A unit test is a form of testing performed on an individual rule during testing. Unit testing
verifies that the rule works as intended, without involving other rules in the testing.
77. What is application debugging
A. You can test and debug your applications by using the Tracer tool. You can test and debug
activities, data transforms, decision rules, service rules, parse rules, and processes. You can
select which rulesets, rules, and events to trace; set breakpoints and watch variables; trace
reference properties; select which requestor session to trace; and add custom events to
Tracer output. You can also troubleshoot offline-enabled applications in a browser by testing
scripts that are running when the application is running. When you set up trace conditions
and start tracing, you can view the Tracer output in the Tracer window or save the Tracer
output to your local system.
92. What is the difference between when rule and map rule
A.
Map rule:
A Map value rule is a rule that converts one or two input values to a calculated result value
using a matrix to look up the result.
When rule:
When rule that can be expressed as a single Boolean expression or the conjunction
Data views are also called as datapages,retrieve data for your application
regardless of source.
172. What are the different ways you add a work party
1.For each case type created in PEGA, system generates a default work party
“pyCaseManagementDefault”. We can open and update the default work party
based on our requirement or it can be directly added/updated from the case
designer view.
2. If the workparty details are dynamic and is known during the case processing,
we can configure an utility/flow to invoke OOTB API "addWorkObjectParty".
173. Where we can see the assignment SLA in clipboard
The data for overall work object SLAs would be on pyWorkPage.Assignment SLA
data would be newAssignPage.
174. What source can be given for a repeating grid
The sources for repeating grid are properties and report definition.
175. What will you create to query to a DB
We need to create a new access role similar to the PegaRULES
176. Why do we create a data class
Data class is created in order to store the properties that are created. In order
to use the feature of local data storage
177. Why do you create UI directly under your data class
This framework provides a reusable solution for scenarios where UI
implementation must be data driven.
178. What is px, py, pz give examples
px Identifies properties that are special, meaning that the values cannot be
input by user input on an HTML form.
py Properties with names that start with py are not special, meaning that
values can be input by users on an HTML form.
• Harness container — Include one or more sections to create the basic container
layout. The section's header and format are configured in the container's property
panel. A wireframe appears around the included section. From the section header,
you can open the rule, and if enabled, use check in/check out features. You can
include other sections in the container section, which are formatted in their own
properties panels.
A. A process that groups two or more related collect information assignments. All
assignments within a multi-step form must be routed to the same user. Navigation
among assignments in a multi-step form can be highly customised.
A. By default, the post-processing cannot be done but forcibly it can be made it possible
by selecting perform post-processing when navigating away from step. By default the
data transform can be done after the completion of entire multistep form.
197. What are the different sources can be given for a drop down
199. When you unit test a rule what types of pages you can see in clipboard
A.
201. Which server we use to start the PEGA platform
A. Tomcat Server
A. The purpose of GetNextWork is typically to return the most urgent assignment for
the user to work on based on Access Role match and Skills match for a list of
workbaskets added to the user's Operator record.
Pull: Routing to a workbasket, operators get the assignment by clicking "Get Next Work"
button, which implements assignment/operator mapping algorithm based on the
factors like work urgency, required skills etc.
A. If u route an assignment to the Work list of a Specific User, then the specific users
have to complete the assignment. * If u route an assignment to the Work Queue for a
specific group, then anyone in that group can complete the assignment.
1. In the navigation pane of Dev Studio, click Case types, and then click the case
type that you want to open.
2. On the case type tab, run a new case by clicking Save and run.
3. On the new case tab, navigate to the table that you want to edit.
4. In the footer of Dev Studio, click the Live UI icon.
The Live UI tool activates. You can now inspect user interface components in real
time.
5. Click the layout that contains the table that you want to edit, and then click
the Open in Dev Studio icon.
6. On the Edit section tab, click the circle above the column that you want to edit,
and then click the View properties icon.
7. In the Column Properties window, in the Importance list, select the importance
of the column:
◦ To assign the column top priority, select Primary.
◦ To assign the column secondary priority, select Secondary.
◦ To assign the column the lowest priority, select Other.
8.Click Submit.
2. Select Add data type from the dropdown menu at the top right of the explorer.
4. Enter a label and description for the data type. This information is required.
6. Parent Class (Directed) - By default, the new data object type inherits from the
enterprise data layer. You can select a different object type.
Identifier - The system uses the parent class and the display name to create the
data type's identifier.
Choose app layer - Select either the framework or an application layer in which
you want to create the data type.
Add to ruleset - Required. Select the ruleset in which you want to create the data
type.
7. Click Submit.