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ADVANCE 4
TEACHER: MARIELLA LOPEZ
STUDENT: KEVIN RODRÍGUEZ SÁNCHEZ
SCHEDULE: 10:30 – 12:00
SEPTEMBER 17TH
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INDEX
WRITING 1 (pg. 3)
WRITING 2 (pg. 4)
VOCABULARY (pg. 5)
RESEARCH AND ONLINE EXERCISES (pg. 7)
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I. WRITING 1
Legend:
Simple Present / Present Continuos / Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuos /
Past / Future

EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMMUNICATIONS
The world is changing fast. Technology advances without stopping. In just a few
decades we have witnessed technological progress in multiple aspects of our lives.
Since the beginning of modernity, five centuries ago, we have held the mindset that
technology will alleviate the problems we suffer as humanity. And although
technology has also shown us its dark and destructive side, we still place our
ideals on it.
Communications technology is the one that has grown the most in just three
decades and everything seems to indicate that they will continue to grow. When we
watch old movies we can see that a world without cell phones and tablets was
possible. In our days, no one can live without using a cell phone. Technological
gadgets have become part of our body. Before we used to| do a lot of things
without the mediation of technology, now, we are becoming more and more
dependent on gadgets.
Communication companies have been developing new media for information to
flow with greater capacity. We have been adopting new habits according to the
new possibilities of communicating. However, despite all these advances that
make communication immediate, we have not developed other technologies that
make it possible to recognize when we are faced with false information. Therefore,
it is increasingly difficult to distinguish truth from lie and reality from fiction.
Producing information in the past was a rigorous process and supervised by
institutions that endorsed such information. People who produced some public
truth followed the steps of the scientific method. In our days, access and the
opportunity to create information has been democratized, but at the same time
information flows uncontrollably. Since social media has existed, many people are
polluting social media with fake news, while others have been helping it spread
quickly. Much false information or false news is the reflection of our social
problems such as racism, sexism, machismo, homophobia, transphobia,
xenophobia, political intolerance and hate speech towards ethnic minorities.
It is not about limiting access to the production of information to people. It is about
becoming aware that we must be responsible in the information we create. We
must build a future where we all live in harmony and tolerance. The communication
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technology will grow more, then will the same happen with our capacity for
tolerance to the different? Will we be able to reverse this situation?
II. WRITING 2
Legend:
Grammar features / Modals of certainty / Assumption

UNSOLVED MYSTERIES
Humanity has always been fascinated by unsolved mysteries. From medieval
myths to current crime novels, unresolved stories have always captured our
attention. Some are more famous than others (UFOs, Bermuda Triangle, Loch
Ness Monster, the death of Princess Diana, etc.), while others are local and folk
myths. For example, one of the unsolved mysteries of the city where I come from
deals with the myth of the existence of the "crowfoot" woman. In this article, I’m
going to tell you a time of my childhood marked by terror
This myth terrified many children, who, like me, grew up listening to the macabre
stories of people who met this woman. When I was a schoolboy, I would share
these stories with my classmates. We were very scared perhaps because we
heard that the "crowfoot" woman used to take the children. It could be that the fear
we felt for these stories was due to the fact that people said that the "crowfoot"
woman used to take the children. With all those stories, none of my childhood
friends could sleep soundly. I suppose that many of my other classmates must still
remember this time.
We could be very young to be able to distinguish between reality and fiction, but I
even remember hearing on the radio the testimonies of some people who came
across this woman. My parents were supposed to worry about these stories too,
but they didn't believe anything people said. "You had better not believe all those
stories. They can't be true" my dad told me. So, I felt like no one believed me.
I had to get away from my classmates who told me these stories every day. Then
for a few days I felt calm. "I should have done this a long time ago," I thought. But
one day it was inevitable to hear the news that the "crowfoot" woman had been
caught by the police. The news spread everywhere that even my parents found
out: "It might have been true," my dad told me.
My friends and I were supposed to be calm after that news, but after a few days,
another myth of the Headless Horseman appeared. How difficult it was to be a
child!
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III. VOCABULARY
UNIT 1
Word Meaning Sentence
Overall In general rather than in -The overall situation is good,
particular, or including all the despite a few minor problems.
people or things in a particular
group or situation.
Seldom Almost never -Now that we have a baby, we
seldom get the chance to go to
the cinema.
Downsides A disadvantage of a situation. -The downside of living here, of
course, is that it is expensive.
Amusing To entertain someone, -I've brought an article from
especially by humorous speech yesterday's paper that I thought
or action or by making them might amuse you.
laugh or smile.
Undeniabl Certainly true -A woman of undeniable
y brilliance

UNIT 2
Word Meaning Sentence
Settle To reach a decision or an -Good, that's all settled. You
agreement about something, or send out the invitations for the
to end a disagreement: party, and I'll organize the food.
Smoothly Easily and without interruption -Lead is added to fuel to make
or difficulty. car engines run more smoothly.
Acknowledg To accept, admit, or recognize -She acknowledged that she
e something, or the truth or had been at fault.
existence of something
Spouses A person's husband or wife. -In 60 percent of the
households surveyed both
spouses went out to work.
Sight The ability to see -The old woman has lost her
sight

UNIT 3
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Word Meaning Sentence

Excruciatingl In a way that is extreme and -His spine is destroyed, but still
y difficult to bear. hurts excruciatingly.
Landmarks A building or place that is -The Rock of Gibraltar is one of
easily recognized, especially Europe's most famous
one that you can use to judge landmark
where you are.
Mattress The part of a bed, made of a -She wet the mattress and
strong cloth cover filled with there was no money to replace
firm material, that makes the it or to buy sheets.
bed comfortable to lie on
Igloos A circular house made of -The grandmother put the hides
blocks of hard snow, especially outside her igloo to dry.
as built by the Inuit people of
northern North America.
Acquire To get or buy something. -His family acquired the
property in 1985.

UNIT 4
Word Meaning Sentence
Chopsticks One of a pair of narrow sticks -One could consider her to be
that are used for eating East an expert in what might be
Asian food. called "chopstick" diplomacy,
but she held a chopstick in
each hand.
Grimace to make an expression of pain, -Helen made a grimace of
strong dislike, etc. in which the disgust when she saw the raw
face twists in an ugly way. meat.
Blunder A serious mistake, usually -He said that the tax was a
caused by not taking care or major political blunder.
thinking.
Handkerchie A square piece of cloth or -He wears a blue silk
f paper used for cleaning the handkerchief around his neck.
nose or drying the eyes when
they are wet with tears.
Odd Strange or unexpected - Her father was an odd man.

UNIT 5
Word Meaning Sentence
Hypothesize To give a possible but not yet -There's no point hypothesizing
proved explanation for about how the accident
something. happened, since we'll never
really know.
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Resemble To look like or be like someone -You resemble your mother very
or something. closely.
Pottery the activity or skill of making -They sell pottery and other
clay objects by hand. handmade goods.
Nonetheles Despite what has just been said -There are serious problems in
s or done. our country. Nonetheless, we
feel this is a good time to return.
Debris Broken or torn pieces of -Debris from the aircraft was
something larger. scattered over a large area.

IV. RESEARCH AND ONLINE EXERCISES

UNIT 1
PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT PERFECT
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UNIT 2
SIMPLE PAST VS PAST PROGRESSIVE
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UNIT 3
WILL VS BE GOINT TO
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UNIT 4
MODALS TO EXPRESS DEGREES OR NECESSITY
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UNIT 5
MODALS TO EXPRESS DEGREES OF CERTAINTY