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    NOTES - Module 2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology

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    Trxsee Roxas
    Developmental and reproductive biology are concerned with the development and functioning of reproductive organs. Developmental biology analyzes how organisms and their components acquire specialized structures and functions over time. Embryology is the study of organisms between fertilization and the end of embryonic development. Reproductive biology studies the biochemical, physiological, genetic, and cellular processes involved in reproduction, including gamete formation, fertilization, embryo development, implantation, pregnancy, and sexual differentiation. Modern developmental biology focuses on genetic control of cell growth and differentiation, and the processes that form tissues, organs, and anatomy during morphogenesis.

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    NOTES - Module 2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology

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    Trxsee Roxas
    93 views3 pages
    Developmental and reproductive biology are concerned with the development and functioning of reproductive organs. Developmental biology analyzes how organisms and their components acquire specialized structures and functions over time. Embryology is the study of organisms between fertilization and the end of embryonic development. Reproductive biology studies the biochemical, physiological, genetic, and cellular processes involved in reproduction, including gamete formation, fertilization, embryo development, implantation, pregnancy, and sexual differentiation. Modern developmental biology focuses on genetic control of cell growth and differentiation, and the processes that form tissues, organs, and anatomy during morphogenesis.

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    NOTES_Module 2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology

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    Developmental and reproductive biology are concerned with the development and functioning of reproductive organs. Developmental biology analyzes how organisms and their components acquire specialized structures and functions over time. Embryology is the study of organisms between fertilization and the end of embryonic development. Reproductive biology studies the biochemical, physiological, genetic, and cellular processes involved in reproduction, including gamete formation, fertilization, embryo development, implantation, pregnancy, and sexual differentiation. Modern developmental biology focuses on genetic control of cell growth and differentiation, and the processes that form tissues, organs, and anatomy during morphogenesis.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    93 views3 pages

    NOTES - Module 2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology

    Uploaded by

    Trxsee Roxas
    Developmental and reproductive biology are concerned with the development and functioning of reproductive organs. Developmental biology analyzes how organisms and their components acquire specialized structures and functions over time. Embryology is the study of organisms between fertilization and the end of embryonic development. Reproductive biology studies the biochemical, physiological, genetic, and cellular processes involved in reproduction, including gamete formation, fertilization, embryo development, implantation, pregnancy, and sexual differentiation. Modern developmental biology focuses on genetic control of cell growth and differentiation, and the processes that form tissues, organs, and anatomy during morphogenesis.

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    of 3

    M2.

    Developmental and Reproductive Biology


    Developmental Biology - Mechanics by which the reproductive organs develop,
    differentiate, age and incur disease.
     Concerned with analyzing the progressive (gradual)
    acquisition of specialized structure and function by
    organisms and their various components Embryology
     Study of the process by which organisms grow and  A subfield of developmental biology
    develop  The study of organisms between one-cell stage (zygote)
     An interrogation of embryology with cytology and and the end of the embryonic stage.
    genetics
    Other definitions of Embryology
    Reproductive Biology
    A. The study of embryos (literally)
     The study of the
     Embryo – denotes juvenile stage of an
    - Biochemistry
    animal/organism while it is still contained in the
    - Physiology
    egg or in the maternal body
    - Endocrinology
    - Cell biology  Juvenile – upon hatching or upon birth, ceases to
    - Genetics be an embryo (that is if we strictly follow the
    - Molecular biology meaning of embryology)
     A wide range of biological process involved in
    reproduction

     These processes include:


    - Gametogenesis
    - Germ stem cell biology
    - Fertilization
    - Embryo development B. The study of the development of animals
    - Implantation  Development: has 2 meanings
    - Pregnancy (in the sphere of biology)
    - Sexual differentiation
    M2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology
    1. Denotes the process that are involved in the
    transformation of the fertilized egg or some
    2 types of sex cells
    other rudiment derived from a parent
    organism into a new adult individual 1. Spermatozoa (male cells)
    - this is ONTOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT 2. Eggs or ova (female cells)

    2. Refers to the gradual historical transformation □ Sperm + ova = zygote


    of the forms of life starting from simple forms (sexual reproduction)
    to more complex ones □ Parts of parent’s body containing somatic cells =
    -this is PHYLOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT offspring
    or EVOLUNTARY DEVELOPMENT or (asexual reproduction)
    EVOLUTION
    2 forms of ontogenetic development
    C. The study of the ontogenetic 1. Embryogenesis – denotes development from the egg
    development of organism 2. Blastogenesis – denotes development of new individual
     Limitation: deals only with multicellular animals through asexual reproduction
    (Metazoa)
     In metazoa – the typical and most widespread form
    of ontogenetic development is the type occurring in Phases of Ontogenetic Development
    sexual reproduction
     In sexual reproduction – new individuals are 1. Gametogenesis
    produced by generative cells or gametes or sex a) spermatogenesis
    cells. b) oogenesis
    2. Fertilization
    3. Cleavage
    Difference between sex cells & somatic cells 4. Gastrulation
    Sex cells Somatic cells 5. Organogenesis
    1. undergo meiosis 1. Undergo mitosis 6. Growth and Histogical Differentiation
    2. haploid (n) 2. Diploid (2n)
    M2. Developmental and Reproductive Biology
    7. Process occurring after larval and adult stages have been
    achieved
    (metamorphosis, regeneration)

    Scope of Developmental Biology


     Modern developmental biology studies:
    1. The genetic control of cell growth
    2. Differentiation
    3. Morphogenesis (the process that gives rise to
    tissues, organs and anatomy)

    Present focus on embryology and


    developmental biology
     The two deal with the various steps necessary for the
    correct and complete formation of the body of a living
    organism.

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