Tenants' Level of Satisfaction Towards The Fire Safety Engineer of Mall of Asia
Tenants' Level of Satisfaction Towards The Fire Safety Engineer of Mall of Asia
Tenants' Level of Satisfaction Towards The Fire Safety Engineer of Mall of Asia
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Senior High School
Department
In Partial fulfilment
Of the requirements for the
Senior High School
By:
APPROVAL SHEET
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To God the Father of all, we thank you for giving us the strength that keep
us standing and for the hope that keep us believing that this affiliation would be
We also wanted to thank our family who inspired, encouraged and fully
supported us for every trial that comes our way. In giving us not just financial, but
To Sir Francis V. Carpio our subject teacher, for her indefatigable efforts
support and guidance to fulfil our research papers with adequate knowledge
coming from their lectures, seminars and workshop they gave to us.
Also we want to extend our gratitude to the Junior High School teacher
who panelled for our title defense and oral defense. Thank you for your
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-
- THE RESEARCHERS
DEDICATION
- THE RESEARCHERS
3
ABSTRACT
necessarily just for shopping. The ubiquitous indoor shopping mall has changed
our buying habits forever, drawing in customers to shop under one convenient
roof. But the changing nature of the sector also has implications for re-examining
fire safety. Thus, this study aimed to determine the tenants’ level of satisfaction
towards the fire safety engineer of the mall specifically at Mall of Asia branch. A
total of fifty (50) respondents were selected through simple random sampling.
fire safety engineer of the mall in terms of four indicator, namely; fire exit, smoke
The following results was sought; out of the four indicators of fire safety
engineer of the mall, fire drills of the mall got the highest rate which indicates that
tenants’ are strongly satisfied to the fire drills of the mall. Tenants’ were found to
be moderately satisfied towards the three remaining indicators of the fire safety
engineer of the mall, namely; fire exit, smoke detection system and fire
suppression equipment.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
DEDICATION iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM
Definition of Terms 5
Related Literature 7
Related Studies 11
Conceptual Framework 13
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 14
Research Instrument 15
Data Analysis 16
5
Summary 28
Conclusions 29
Recommendations 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY 33
APPENDICES
B Parents’ Consent 35
C Profiling Instrument 36
CURRICULUM VITAE 39
LIST OF TABLES
Tables Page
1 Respondents’ Profile 21
6
2 Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents 25
LIST OF FIGURES
Figures Page
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM
would suit the demographic of the surrounding population and visitors. Various
8
According to Fantoni, Hoefel and Mazzarolo (2014), “Officially shopping
walk from unit to unit. Unofficially, they are the heart and soul of communities, the
economic, social, and psychological characteristics, the shopping mall may exert
Shopping malls didn't just happen. They are not the result of wise planners
deciding that suburban people, having no social life and stimulation, needed a
community center where people would converge for shopping, cultural activity,
Lots of shopping malls have changed our buying habits, changed the face
of town and city centers and, now under threat from cash-squeezed customers
seeking other ways to shop, are having to reinvent themselves for the 21st
1
century. Shopping centers are again becoming visitor destinations — but not
necessarily just for shopping. The ubiquitous indoor shopping mall has changed
our buying habits forever, drawing in customers to shop under one convenient
roof. But the changing nature of the sector also has implications for re-examining
fire safety. That new reality is also having an impact on fire safety, because a
shopping mall isn’t one building. It’s an interlocked building, with multiple
9
occupiers — with the range and complexity of those occupiers becoming
increasingly diverse.
shopping mall. While builders place a strong emphasis on creating a lavish retail
experience for customers to enjoy, they can’t forget about the importance of fire
protection. The equipment used for detecting and extinguishing fires may go
largely unseen, but it’s a vital part of maintaining shopping mall safety. According
break out in retail stores, shopping malls, and other mercantile properties each
year, resulting in 12 civilian deaths, 300 civilian injuries, and $604 million in
property damage. The risk of fire is just one of several public liability issues that
large, multi-occupancy retail centers face, but it also has the potential to be the
deadliest. 3
A lot of incidents highlights the need for adequate fire and safety
control and the benefits of these controls should not be in any doubt in large,
that the fire safety and smoke control systems should not just be restricted to
voice alarm systems, emergency lighting and smoke control system all have a
From a fire protection perspective, shopping malls are generally the most
10
smoke control provision, secondary power supplies, emergency lighting and
towards the fire safety engineer of the mall specifically at Mall of Asia branch to
identify if it is effective and what is needed to sustain and improve on the fire
a. Age,
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4
b. Sex,
c. Position,
e. Educational Attainment?
a. Fire exit,
The result of the study will have a great significance of the following:
To the Customers. The result of this study will helpful to the customers
as it will give them clear knowledge about the fire safety of the shopping mall.
12
To the Management. In the same way, the findings of this study may
needed to sustain and to improve to the fire safety measures of the mall.
To the Future Tenants. The result of the study will help the future tenants
to be aware of the fire safety measures of the shopping mall and if the mall will
the future researcher who will conduct related studies. They can apply the
13
The respondents of this study would be delimited to the tenants of Mall of
technique.
Furthermore, the instruments that was used to collect the profile of the
included the following data which will be needed in this study, namely: age, sex,
The level of satisfaction of tenants to the fire safety engineering of the mall
was delimited in the four indicators, namely: fire exit, smoke detection system,
Definition of Terms
The terms used in this study were operationally defined for better
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6
Tenants. These are the people who are currently renting in Mall of Asia
reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage
systems) are mechanical systems that control the movement of smoke during a
fire.
Chapter 2
15
This section presents the literature and studies reviewed by the
researcher which are related and have bearing with the present study. This
strengthens the need for the study and will contrast with those of similarity. This
from the authorities that served to presents the various points of view.
RELATED LITERATURE
Tenant’s Satisfaction
In this study researchers explored the key factors that a shopping mall
management should apply on their policy so that the existing tenants renew their
performance are direct factors which impact tenants to renew their rent contract
and the indirect factors are empowerment, responsive behaviour, cooperate and
they are satisfied, the probability that they will renew the contract is high. And the
shopping mall will get higher income on operation and this will lead to the
Ngamyan,Ph.D, 2013).
Yuan (1996) explained that facilities like sufficient parking space, fire
16
8
Noreina Kepal Nur Aniza Quantaniah Mohd Jusoh Ahmed Kesari (2013)
satisfaction and the results showed that the most decisive factor is ambience
In this research, the tenants of the mall revealed that they are satisfied
towards the existing mall ambience, facilities provided and the support extended
inevitable. Building good tenant relation is based on the commitment on the part
attitudes bring happiness to both property owners and tenants which result in win
retaining tenants is one of the strategies for the success of the mall. (Sujatja and
Priya, 2015).
Shopping Mall 9
research, the design of ecological spaces and environments has the potential of
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given its potential effect on visiting and shopping intentions. (Leonardo Ortegon –
very good income (Domański 2005). Older consumers are much less prone to
succumb to new trends in fashion and the development of new products and
services, so for them a convenient location is much more important - near their
place of residence or in direct contact with a shop assistant whom they know and
may ask for advice. They prefer small shops, easy access, comfort and the
safety of shopping.
and 17:00, and spends up to 3 hours at a time there. He or she most often buys
clothes, food, and cosmetics. A typical consumer visiting a shopping centre does
not associate being there with spending free time and meeting friends; however,
he/she quite often uses the entertainment, leisure and sports services offered
spending free time in a shopping centre, which will be the subject of further
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research by the authors of the present paper. (Anna Irena Szymanska & Monika
Plaziak, 2018).
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optical smoke sensors, with dual heat/smoke sensors in electrical rooms and
heat sensors in the basement car park areas. The mall is also fitted with break –
glass call points and visual notification strobes. The detection system is
interfaced with a voice alarm system so that, in the event of a fire in any one
zone, the system broadcasts a message to that zone plus the adjacent zones.
The adjacent zones may well be a different fire compartment either on the same
level or levels above or below. The system extends into the tenant shop areas
and the system is altered to accommodate the tenants’ fit – out design.
According to the Clarion Ux Fire & Rescue Group (2019 – 2020), the fact
is that shopping centers can be extremely complex, with potentially large fire
loads and equally large numbers of people within a series of spaces that can
include hotels, food courts, cinemas, restaurants, bars, as well as offices, with
most people unfamiliar with the shopping centre’s layout and exits. Wrightstyle
systems have recently been installed in a major retail complex in the Beirut
discrete fire zones, with retardant materials to limit the spread of fire, and an
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adequate sprinkler system able to extinguish the fire at source. The fire safety
11
RELATED STUDIES
Foreign 12
safety measures for users and staff of shopping malls: the case of Mlimani City
and Quality Center in Dar es Salaam. The study adopted case study approach
that studied in detail, while two out of four big shopping malls that are found in
Dar es Salaam City. The population comprised of users and staff of shopping
was used to select staff of shopping malls. Multiple sources of evidence were
from each shopping mall and 20 interviews were planned for each shopping mall.
All planned interviews were conducted and 27 and 28 questionnaires were dully
filled and returned from Mlimani City and Quality Center, respectively. However,
the study. This resulted into many request for interviews than expected and thus
attention to fire safety measures users of shopping malls and other public places
20
is relatively low. Therefore, the study concluded that; 1. Mlimani City and Quality
Center shopping malls have in place fairly fire prevention measures with varying
Most shopping malls users and staff do not know how to use fire prevention
to staff and fire safety instructions such as posters made available for users as
Audu Francis Eleojo and M.E Abdulrahman (2019) studied the critical
safety measures and practices has been a thing of neglect in most public
buildings in Nigeria and this has been a contributing factor to incessant fire
incidents. This has generated concern among the public and construction
enhancing the safety of lives and properties in the design and construction of
shopping malls in Abuja. Random sampling method was used in gathering data
questionnaires were obtained from the occupants and used for the analysis. The
data were analyzed with statistical package for social science, using frequency
statistics) was used for the test of hypotheses. The study revealed that 86% of
the respondents have awareness on fire safety measures. The result also
indicated that the most common cause of fire incidences in buildings are
21
electrical fault. This could be avoided where electrical fittings are properly
installed. The results revealed the need to improve on fire safety measures by
13
Conceptual Framework
conceptual framework of the study. As seen in Figure 1, the input consist the
profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, position, length of service and
of fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills, and fire suppression equipment.
The output is the profile and tenants’ level of satisfaction towards the fire
Profile of the
Respondents:
Age
Sex
Position Analysis of data Level of
through the Satisfaction of the
Length of questionnaire, Tenants towards
Service and informal interviews, the Fire Safety
and statistical Engineer of the Mall
Educational treatment
Attainment.
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2. Level of Satisfaction
in terms of:
Fire Exit
Figure 1.Paradigm of the Study
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research method that will be used in the
study. It also includes the description of the subjects of the study, the research
instruments, the data gathering procedures and the statistical treatment of the
data.
Research Design
research question, design, and data analysis that will be applied to a given topic.
The type of question asked by the researcher would ultimately determine the
hand. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and
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characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research
and level of satisfaction to the fire safety engineer of the mall which will be for the
15
The respondents were the tenants of the Mall of Asia branch who are
currently occupying the building. This study used simple random sampling
method under probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from
Research Instrument
The instrument used to gather the profile of the respondents was survey
gathering the level of satisfaction of tenants towards the fire safety engineering of
the mall with four indicators, namely: fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills
from the respondents was pursued to administer the instruments to the tenants of
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the Mall of Asia Branch who currently occupying during the year 2019 – 2020.
Afterwards, the instrument used in gathering the profiling data will then be
administered to the respondents. The same instrument that will gather the level
of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire safety engineering of the mall will be done
16
simultaneously.
Data Analysis
The researchers organized and tallied the raw data that are gathered
This treatment was used in this study to describe the demographic profiles of
f
P= × 100
N
Where, P is percentage, f is the number of respondents’ answers and N is
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b. Average Weighted Mean
tenants.
❑
∑ x 17
X= ❑
❑
❑
Where, ∑ x is the sum of the quantitative variable and N is the total
❑
number of respondents.
c. Likert Scale
The responses coming from the respondents will be tabulated and mean
score of each item will be computed using descriptive statistics. After the
computation of mean score in each item, researchers come up to the final 5-point
scale.
more Likert-type items that represent similar questions combined into a single
26
composite score/variable.
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Chapter 4
Table 1
Age Demographic of the Respondents
Age Frequency Percentage
18 – 22 16 32%
23 – 27 17 34%
28 – 32 13 26%
33 – 37 3 6%
38 – 42 1 2%
43 – 47 0 0%
48 – 50 0 0%
51 and Above 0 0%
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.1
The table shows that the age demographics of the tenants wherein 32% of
the respondents age ranging from 18 – 22 years old, 34% of the respondents
has ranging from 23 – 27 years old, 26% of the respondents has an age ranging
old, 2% of the respondent age ranging from 38 – 42, while ages ranging from 43
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– 47, 48 – 50, and 51 above have no respondents at all with a total of 100%. The
data indicates that mostly of the respondents’ age ranging from 23 – 27 years
old. 20
Male 13 26%
Female 37 74%
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.2
The table shows the sex demographics of the respondents wherein, 74%
of the respondents are female and 26% of the respondents are male, with a total
of 100%. The data indicates that mostly of the respondents are female.
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21
Others 7 14
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.3
50% of the respondents are sales clerk, 22% of the respondents are store
manager, 14% of the respondents are cashier and lastly, 14% of the respondents
has a position other than the three indicated above, with the total of 100%. The
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22
0–2 28 56%
3–5 12 24%
6–8 4 8%
9 – 11 3 6%
12 – 14 0 0%
15 – 17 3 6%
18 – 20 0 0%
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.4
The table shows the years in the service demographics of the tenants of
the magic mall wherein 0 – 2 years has 56% of the respondents, 3 – 5 years has
that mostly of the respondents are working for 0 – 2 years in the stalls.
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23
Elementary Graduate 0 0%
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.5
high school graduate and lastly, 56% of the respondents are college graduate,
with a total of 100%. The data indicates that mostly of the respondents are
college graduate.
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Table 2
Tenants’ Level of Satisfaction towards the Fire Safety Engineer of Mall of
Asia
Fire Exit
32
Indicators AWM Description
Figure 2.1
The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire exit
mean of 4.17. The data indicates that tenants are moderately satisfied to the fire
Effectiveness of Smoke
4.04 Moderately Satisfied
Detection Alarm
Effectiveness of Fire
4.16 Moderately Satisfied
Alarm
Figure 2.2
33
The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the smoke
satisfied with an overall mean of 4.1. The data indicates that tenants are
moderately satisfied to the smoke detection system of the Mall of Asia building.
26
Fire Drills
Figure 2.3
The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire
drills of the Mall of Asia building were found to be strongly satisfied with an
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overall mean of 4.24. The data indicates that tenants are strongly satisfied to the
Effectiveness of Fire
4.18 Moderately Satisfied
Sprinklers
Effectiveness of Fire
4.18 Moderately Satisfied
Extinguisher
Figure 2.4
The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire
satisfied with an overall mean of 4.13. The data indicates that tenants are
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Chapter 5
This chapter presents the summary of findings; the conclusions made and
Summary
This study was conducted in Mall of Asia building with a total of fifty (50)
level of satisfaction of the tenants towards the fire safety engineer of the mall.
Based from the salient finding of this study, the profile of the tenants in
terms of age is as follows: 32% are 18 – 22 years old, 34% are 23 – 27 years old,
26% are 28 – 32 years old, 6% are 33 – 37 years old, 2% are 38 – 42 while ages
ranging from 43 years old and above has no respondents at all. In terms of
tenants’ sex, 74% are male and 26% are female. Fifty percent are sales clerk,
22% are store manager, 14% are cashier and other position has 14% of the
respondents. In terms of length of service, 56% work for 0 – 2 years, 24% work
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respondents and lastly, in terms of educational attainment, 0% are elementary
graduate, 44% are high school graduate and 56% are college graduate.
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the four indicators namely: fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills and fire
satisfied with an overall mean of 4.17, 4.1, 4.24 and 4.13, respectively.
Conclusion
In this study, Mall of Asia fire safety engineer was assessed in terms of its
fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills and fire suppression equipment.
female.
clerk.
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e. The researchers found that most of the respondents are college
graduate.
mall:
fire exit of mall which indicates that the space of the fire exit
door of the mall are wide enough to pass through, fire exit doors
are accessible and the number of fire exit door are sufficient.
indicates that both of the smoke detection alarm and fire alarm
satisfied to the fire drills of the mall which indicates that fire
d. It was found out that fire sprinklers, fire extinguisher and fire
38
sufficient which get a rate of moderately satisfied from the
respondents.
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Recommendation
The researchers recommend the following to improve the quality of the fire
mall:
be no stampede happen.
soon enough and can evacuate themselves before the fire will
grow bigger.
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that management should focus on this area of fire drills in order
engineer.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Benyada, S., & Atachwaran, N., Ph.D. (2013). Key Factors Affecting Small
Tenants’ Decision on Renewing Shopping Mall Rent Contract.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 12(3).
Domałski T. (2005) Strategie rozwoju handlu PWE Warsaw [in Polish].
Ortegon – Cortazar, L., & Royo - Vela, M. (2017). Attraction Factors of Shopping
Centers: Effects of Design and Eco – Natural Environment on intention to
visit. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 26(2),
199 – 219.
Domałski T. (2005) Strategie rozwoju handlu PWE Warsaw [in Polish].
Francis, B., & Arlene, T. (2017). Improving Factor Services using Spatio –
Temporal Analysis: Fire incindents in Manila. doi:
10.1109/TENCONSpring.2017.8070013.
Geraldine, K. (2015). A study on the Awareness of Fire Safety Measures for
Users and Staff of Shopping Malls: The Case of Mlimani City and Quality
Center in Dar es Salaam. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 9
(2015), 1415 – 1422. doi: 10.17265/1934-7359/2015.12.003.
Fire Safety Challenges in Malls & Shopping Centre. (2017, March 18). Retrieved
from https://firesafetysecurityindia.com/fire-safety-challenges-in-malls-
shopping-centre/
Consumer preferences and behaviour in shopping malls in Poland with the
particular reference to Krakow in: Urban Development Issues. (2018,
October 15). Retrieved from
https://content.sciendo.com/configurable/contentpage/journals$002fudi$00
2f55$002f3$002farticle-p33.xml#j_udi-2018-0003_ref_016.
Dr. V., S., & B. Mitra, P. (2015). Factors Determining Tenants’ Satisfaction n
Shopping Malls at Chennai City. Indian Journal of Research, 4(4), 4 – 6.
Kaushal, Shailesh, K., & Medhavi, S. (2011). To identify The Prominent Factors
of Shopping Mall Behaviour: A Factor Analysis Approach. Indian journal of
Marketing, 41(5), 53.
Noreina, A., & Quantaniah, K. (2013). Determinants of Tenants’ Satisfaction: A
Case Study in XXX Parade, Muar. Submitted in 2nd international
conference on Technology Management, Business and Entrepreneurship
2013.
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TENANT’S LEVEL OF SATISFACTION TOWARDS THE FIRE SAFETY
ENGINEER OF THE MALL
A. Age
B. Sex
C. Position
_______________
D. Length of Service
___ 9 – 11 years
E. Educational Attainment
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PART 2 – TENANT’S LEVEL OF SATISFACTION TOWARDS FIRE
DIRECTION: Put a check mark (✔) on the item that corresponds to your
answer.
Legend:
5 – Strongly Satisfied
4 – Moderately Satisfied
3 – Satisfied
2 – Slightly Satisfied
1 – Not Satisfied
B. SMOKE DETECTION
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
SYSTEM
Effectiveness of Smoke
Detection Alarm
43
Fire alarm activation
fire duties
D. FIRE SUPPRESSION
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
EQUIPMENT
Effectiveness of Fire Sprinkler
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Information
Age :
Date of Birth :
Place of Birth :
Sex :
44
Citizenship Religions:
Religion :
Father’s Name :
Occupation :
Mother’s Name :
Occupation :
Education Attainment
Secondary Level:
School Year:
Date Graduated:
Primary Level:
School Year:
Date Graduated:
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