TENANTS’ LEVEL OF SATISFACTION TOWARDS THE FIRE

SAFETY ENGINEER OF MALL OF ASIA

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Senior High School
Department

In Partial fulfilment
Of the requirements for the
Senior High School

By:

APPROVAL SHEET

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Grateful acknowledgement is extended by the researchers to the following

people who in one or another had extended their wholehearted cooperation,

help, guidance and inspiration in the making this research.

To God the Father of all, we thank you for giving us the strength that keep

us standing and for the hope that keep us believing that this affiliation would be

possible and more interesting.

We also wanted to thank our family who inspired, encouraged and fully

supported us for every trial that comes our way. In giving us not just financial, but

morally and spiritually support.

To our classmates and friends, who willingly helped us gather the

necessary data and information needed for this research.

To Sir Francis V. Carpio our subject teacher, for her indefatigable efforts

and sincere support and for being so understanding.

To all the teachers of Senior High School department for unwavering

support and guidance to fulfil our research papers with adequate knowledge

coming from their lectures, seminars and workshop they gave to us.

Also we want to extend our gratitude to the Junior High School teacher

who panelled for our title defense and oral defense. Thank you for your

suggestions and help.

● To God’s Sanctuary of Praise church for every prayer extended;

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 -
- THE RESEARCHERS
DEDICATION

To our Beloved Parents,

To our brothers, sisters and relatives,
To our friends, classmates and teachers,

To Almighty God from whom all blessings flow,

This work is for you.

- THE RESEARCHERS

3
 ABSTRACT

Shopping centers are again becoming visitor destinations — but not

necessarily just for shopping. The ubiquitous indoor shopping mall has changed

our buying habits forever, drawing in customers to shop under one convenient

roof.  But the changing nature of the sector also has implications for re-examining

fire safety. Thus, this study aimed to determine the tenants’ level of satisfaction

towards the fire safety engineer of the mall specifically at Mall of Asia branch. A

total of fifty (50) respondents were selected through simple random sampling.

Respondents were sought to identify their level of satisfaction towards the

fire safety engineer of the mall in terms of four indicator, namely; fire exit, smoke

detection system, fire drills and fire suppression equipment.

The following results was sought; out of the four indicators of fire safety

engineer of the mall, fire drills of the mall got the highest rate which indicates that

tenants’ are strongly satisfied to the fire drills of the mall. Tenants’ were found to

be moderately satisfied towards the three remaining indicators of the fire safety

engineer of the mall, namely; fire exit, smoke detection system and fire

suppression equipment.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii

4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
DEDICATION iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Significance of the Study 4

Scope and Delimitation 5

Definition of Terms 5

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature 7

Related Studies 11

Conceptual Framework 13

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design 14

Subjects of the Study 15

Research Instrument 15

Data Gathering Procedures 15

Data Analysis 16

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 19

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5
 Summary 28

Conclusions 29

Recommendations 31

BIBLIOGRAPHY 33

APPENDICES

A Request Letter to the Respondents 34

B Parents’ Consent 35

C Profiling Instrument 36

CURRICULUM VITAE 39

LIST OF TABLES

Tables Page

1 Respondents’ Profile 21

6
 2 Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents 25

LIST OF FIGURES

Figures Page

1 Paradigm of the Study 13

1.1 Age Demographic of the Respondents 20

7
1.2 Sex Demographic of the Respondents 21

1.3 Position Demographic of the Respondents 22

1.4 Length of Service of the Respondents 23

1.5 Educational Attainment of the Respondents 24

2.1 Fire Exit 25

2.2 Smoke Detection System 26

2.3 Fire Drills 27

2.4 Fire Suppression Equipment 28

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM

Background of the Study

A strategic focus of many new malls is to create a family destination which

would suit the demographic of the surrounding population and visitors. Various

research insights highlight the importance of a malls providing a diverse retail

center, offering customer the ability to complete multipurpose shopping trips.

8
 According to Fantoni, Hoefel and Mazzarolo (2014), “Officially shopping

malls are defined as one or more buildings forming a complex of shops

representing merchandisers, with interconnected walkways enabling visitors to

walk from unit to unit. Unofficially, they are the heart and soul of communities, the

foundation of retail economies, and a social sanctuary for teenagers

everywhere.” Because alternative retail settings may differ in important

economic, social, and psychological characteristics, the shopping mall may exert

a significant influence on individual and collective consumer behaviour.

Shopping malls didn't just happen. They are not the result of wise planners

deciding that suburban people, having no social life and stimulation, needed a

place to go (Bombeck, 1985). The mall was originally conceived of as a

community center where people would converge for shopping, cultural activity,

and social interaction (Gruen & Smith, 1960). 2

Lots of shopping malls have changed our buying habits, changed the face

of town and city centers and, now under threat from cash-squeezed customers

seeking other ways to shop, are having to reinvent themselves for the 21st
1
century.  Shopping centers are again becoming visitor destinations — but not

necessarily just for shopping. The ubiquitous indoor shopping mall has changed

our buying habits forever, drawing in customers to shop under one convenient

roof.  But the changing nature of the sector also has implications for re-examining

fire safety. That new reality is also having an impact on fire safety, because a

shopping mall isn’t one building.  It’s an interlocked building, with multiple

9
occupiers — with the range and complexity of those occupiers becoming

increasingly diverse.

No commercial structure depicts wealth and affluence more than a luxury

shopping mall. While builders place a strong emphasis on creating a lavish retail

experience for customers to enjoy, they can’t forget about the importance of fire

protection. The equipment used for detecting and extinguishing fires may go

largely unseen, but it’s a vital part of maintaining shopping mall safety. According

to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), an estimated 13,600 fires

break out in retail stores, shopping malls, and other mercantile properties each

year, resulting in 12 civilian deaths, 300 civilian injuries, and $604 million in

property damage. The risk of fire is just one of several public liability issues that

large, multi-occupancy retail centers face, but it also has the potential to be the

deadliest. 3

A lot of incidents highlights the need for adequate fire and safety

control and the benefits of these controls should not be in any doubt in large,

complex, multi occupancy buildings such as a shopping mall. It should be clear

that the fire safety and smoke control systems should not just be restricted to

maintaining smoke-free staircases and lobbies. With modern building designs,

voice alarm systems, emergency lighting and smoke control system all have a

vital role to play in the total fire protection model.

From a fire protection perspective, shopping malls are generally the most

complicated of retail structures, requiring a fire alarm system sufficiently intricate

to provide communication between active systems such as, zoned sprinklers,

10
smoke control provision, secondary power supplies, emergency lighting and

manned control centers.

Thus, researchers want to determine the tenants’ level of satisfaction

towards the fire safety engineer of the mall specifically at Mall of Asia branch to

identify if it is effective and what is needed to sustain and improve on the fire

safety engineer of the mall.

Statement of the Problem

This research study aimed to determine the tenants’ level of satisfaction

towards the fire safety engineer of the Mall of Asia Branch.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Age,

11
 4
b. Sex,

c. Position,

d. Length of Service and,

e. Educational Attainment?

2. What is the level of satisfaction of the respondents towards the fire

safety engineer of the mall in terms of:

a. Fire exit,

b. Smoke detection system,

c. Fire drills and,

d. Fire suppression equipment?

Significance of the study

The result of the study will have a great significance of the following:

To the Customers. The result of this study will helpful to the customers

as it will give them clear knowledge about the fire safety of the shopping mall.

12
 To the Management. In the same way, the findings of this study may

provide a useful information to the management of the mall to determine what is

needed to sustain and to improve to the fire safety measures of the mall.

To the Future Tenants. The result of the study will help the future tenants

to be aware of the fire safety measures of the shopping mall and if the mall will

be worth investing for. 5

To the Future Researchers. The findings of the study may be used by

the future researcher who will conduct related studies. They can apply the

current research to support the future studies to be conducted.

Scope and Delimitation

This study would focus in determining the level of satisfaction of the

tenants towards the fire safety engineering of the mall.

13
 The respondents of this study would be delimited to the tenants of Mall of

Asia Branch. The respondents would be selected through random sampling

technique.

Furthermore, the instruments that was used to collect the profile of the

included the following data which will be needed in this study, namely: age, sex,

position, length of service, and educational attainment.

The level of satisfaction of tenants to the fire safety engineering of the mall

was delimited in the four indicators, namely: fire exit, smoke detection system,

fire drills and fire suppression equipment.

Definition of Terms

The terms used in this study were operationally defined for better

understanding of the readers.

14
 6

Tenants. These are the people who are currently renting in Mall of Asia

Fire Safety Engineer. Refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or

reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage

and to reduce the damage cause by fire.

Adequate. Sufficient for a specific need or requirement. Also, good

enough, of a quality that is good or acceptable that does an adequate job.

Satisfaction. It is a feeling of happiness that obtain when a person fulfilled

his or her needs and desires.

Smoke Control System. Smoke control systems (or smoke management

systems) are mechanical systems that control the movement of smoke during a

fire.

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

15
 This section presents the literature and studies reviewed by the

researcher which are related and have bearing with the present study. This

strengthens the need for the study and will contrast with those of similarity. This

contains recognized writing and existing information as well as research findings

from the authorities that served to presents the various points of view.

RELATED LITERATURE

Tenant’s Satisfaction

In this study researchers explored the key factors that a shopping mall

management should apply on their policy so that the existing tenants renew their

contract. The researcher identified that trust and center management

performance are direct factors which impact tenants to renew their rent contract

and the indirect factors are empowerment, responsive behaviour, cooperate and

service quality. Management should focus on meeting tenants’ satisfaction. If

they are satisfied, the probability that they will renew the contract is high. And the

shopping mall will get higher income on operation and this will lead to the

shopping mall success and sustainability. (Benyada Sinchaloenman, Atcharawan

Ngamyan,Ph.D, 2013).

Yuan (1996) explained that facilities like sufficient parking space, fire

extinguisher, restrooms, escalators, elevators air-conditioning are important

factors which influence retail tenant satisfaction.

16
 8

Noreina Kepal Nur Aniza Quantaniah Mohd Jusoh Ahmed Kesari (2013)

the research paper attempted to identify the factors determining tenants

satisfaction and the results showed that the most decisive factor is ambience

followed by service quality, facilities, tenant mix and rental rate.

In this research, the tenants of the mall revealed that they are satisfied

towards the existing mall ambience, facilities provided and the support extended

by the management team. In future, the satisfaction level is subject to change as

the expectation of the tenant changes depending on the nature of problem

encountered. So continuously monitoring the tenant satisfaction becomes

inevitable. Building good tenant relation is based on the commitment on the part

of property owners. A strong relation is built if the tenant‘s perception is positive

which is possible only if the expectation of the tenants is exceeded. To exceed,

the management should always be empathetic, responsive, and reliable. These

attitudes bring happiness to both property owners and tenants which result in win

– win situation. In competitive market, tenant satisfaction is imperative as

retaining tenants is one of the strategies for the success of the mall. (Sujatja and

Priya, 2015).

Shopping Mall 9

Shopping centers are, by definition, spaces with a high level of design of

the commercial environment. In this case, as evidenced in the results of this

research, the design of ecological spaces and environments has the potential of

becoming a field of interest for the commercial management of shopping centers,

17
given its potential effect on visiting and shopping intentions. (Leonardo Ortegon –

Cortazar & Marcelo Royo – Vela, 2017).

A modern shopping centre addresses its offer of products and services to

a new generation of consumers, young, middle-aged and mature, with good or

very good income (Domański 2005). Older consumers are much less prone to

succumb to new trends in fashion and the development of new products and

services, so for them a convenient location is much more important - near their

place of residence or in direct contact with a shop assistant whom they know and

may ask for advice. They prefer small shops, easy access, comfort and the

safety of shopping.

Usually a person aged 21-30, less frequently 31-40, with secondary

education, preferring the comfort offered by a shopping centre due to wide

variety of products and services available, attractive prices and satisfactory

quality, a broad range of auxiliary services, a convenient location and

supplementary infrastructure. The person usually visits a shopping centre once a

week, usually on a weekday, in the afternoon or early evening, between 15:00

and 17:00, and spends up to 3 hours at a time there. He or she most often buys

clothes, food, and cosmetics. A typical consumer visiting a shopping centre does

not associate being there with spending free time and meeting friends; however,

he/she quite often uses the entertainment, leisure and sports services offered

there. Therefore, there is a need to identify the profile of a typical consumer

spending free time in a shopping centre, which will be the subject of further

18
research by the authors of the present paper. (Anna Irena Szymanska & Monika

Plaziak, 2018).

10

Fire Safety Engineering

In general the mall area is protected by intelligent addressable point – type

optical smoke sensors, with dual heat/smoke sensors in electrical rooms and

heat sensors in the basement car park areas. The mall is also fitted with break –

glass call points and visual notification strobes. The detection system is

interfaced with a voice alarm system so that, in the event of a fire in any one

zone, the system broadcasts a message to that zone plus the adjacent zones.

The adjacent zones may well be a different fire compartment either on the same

level or levels above or below. The system extends into the tenant shop areas

and the system is altered to accommodate the tenants’ fit – out design.

(Kingsweb Solution, 2014).

According to the Clarion Ux Fire & Rescue Group (2019 – 2020), the fact

is that shopping centers can be extremely complex, with potentially large fire

loads and equally large numbers of people within a series of spaces that can

include hotels, food courts, cinemas, restaurants, bars, as well as offices, with

most people unfamiliar with the shopping centre’s layout and exits. Wrightstyle

systems have recently been installed in a major retail complex in the Beirut

souks. That’s why compartmentation is so important, dividing the building into

discrete fire zones, with retardant materials to limit the spread of fire, and an

19
adequate sprinkler system able to extinguish the fire at source.  The fire safety

approach involves engineering assessments based on computational fluid

dynamics and zone models.

11

RELATED STUDIES

Foreign 12

Geraldine J. Kikwasi (2015) study aimed to study the awareness of fire

safety measures for users and staff of shopping malls: the case of Mlimani City

and Quality Center in Dar es Salaam. The study adopted case study approach

that studied in detail, while two out of four big shopping malls that are found in

Dar es Salaam City. The population comprised of users and staff of shopping

malls. A sample size of 100 respondents was envisaged. Purposive sampling

was used to select staff of shopping malls. Multiple sources of evidence were

used in data collection namely; literature review, observation, questionnaires and

interviews. Sixty questionnaires were prepared and hand – delivered to 30 staff

from each shopping mall and 20 interviews were planned for each shopping mall.

All planned interviews were conducted and 27 and 28 questionnaires were dully

filled and returned from Mlimani City and Quality Center, respectively. However,

Respondents from a group of shopping mall users were reluctant to participate in

the study. This resulted into many request for interviews than expected and thus

getting hold of 40 respondents was a challenging exercise. This implies that

attention to fire safety measures users of shopping malls and other public places

20
is relatively low. Therefore, the study concluded that; 1. Mlimani City and Quality

Center shopping malls have in place fairly fire prevention measures with varying

degrees, however, means of fire safety instructions were almost no existence, 2.

Awareness of safety measures presented in shopping malls is relatively low, 3.

Most shopping malls users and staff do not know how to use fire prevention

measures in shopping malls. Furthermore, fire safety training should be provided

to staff and fire safety instructions such as posters made available for users as

well as staff of shopping malls.

Audu Francis Eleojo and M.E Abdulrahman (2019) studied the critical

assessment of fire safety measures in shopping malls in Abuja, Nigeria. Fire

safety measures and practices has been a thing of neglect in most public

buildings in Nigeria and this has been a contributing factor to incessant fire

incidents. This has generated concern among the public and construction

professionals. The study is aimed at evaluating fire safety measures towards

enhancing the safety of lives and properties in the design and construction of

shopping malls in Abuja. Random sampling method was used in gathering data

from people in malls through self-administered questionnaire. A total of 107

questionnaires were obtained from the occupants and used for the analysis. The

data were analyzed with statistical package for social science, using frequency

and mean score (descriptive statistics), while correlation analysis (inferential

statistics) was used for the test of hypotheses. The study revealed that 86% of

the respondents have awareness on fire safety measures. The result also

indicated that the most common cause of fire incidences in buildings are

21
 electrical fault. This could be avoided where electrical fittings are properly

installed. The results revealed the need to improve on fire safety measures by

designers and property owners. Careful observance of fire safety measures as

specified in building code must be considered in design of shopping mall.

13

Conceptual Framework

The IPO (Input-Process-Output) Model was used in describing the

conceptual framework of the study. As seen in Figure 1, the input consist the

profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, position, length of service and

educational attainment, and the level of satisfaction of the respondents in terms

of fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills, and fire suppression equipment.

Furthermore, the process used in the analysis of data through

questionnaire and statistical treatment such as percentage, mean, tallied and

average weighted mean.

The output is the profile and tenants’ level of satisfaction towards the fire

safety engineer of the Magic mall.

Profile of the
Respondents:
Age
Sex
Position Analysis of data Level of
through the Satisfaction of the
Length of questionnaire, Tenants towards
Service and informal interviews, the Fire Safety
and statistical Engineer of the Mall
Educational treatment
Attainment.
22
2. Level of Satisfaction
in terms of:
Fire Exit
 Figure 1.Paradigm of the Study

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research method that will be used in the

study. It also includes the description of the subjects of the study, the research

instruments, the data gathering procedures and the statistical treatment of the

data.

Research Design

This study used descriptive method of research where the results of

standardized instruments were conducted to the respondents.

According to Manuel and Mendel (1998), it involves the description,

recording, analysis and interpretation of the present nature, composition of

processes of phenomena. The term descriptive research refers to the type of

research question, design, and data analysis that will be applied to a given topic.

The type of question asked by the researcher would ultimately determine the

type of approach necessary to complete an accurate assessment of the topic at

hand. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and

23
characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research

is to study frequency, averages, and other statistical calculations.

Descriptive research was used because the study will be conducted by

gathering information of the respondents specifically, on their profile variables

and level of satisfaction to the fire safety engineer of the mall which will be for the

purpose of description and interpretation.

15

Subject of the Study

14

The respondents were the tenants of the Mall of Asia branch who are

currently occupying the building. This study used simple random sampling

method under probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from

that part of the population that is close to hand.

Research Instrument

The instrument used to gather the profile of the respondents was survey

questionnaire made by researchers. Likewise, this instrument is applicable in

gathering the level of satisfaction of tenants towards the fire safety engineering of

the mall with four indicators, namely: fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills

and fire suppression equipment.

Data Gathering Procedures

Consent from the management of the respondents and most especially

from the respondents was pursued to administer the instruments to the tenants of

24
the Mall of Asia Branch who currently occupying during the year 2019 – 2020.

Afterwards, the instrument used in gathering the profiling data will then be

administered to the respondents. The same instrument that will gather the level

of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire safety engineering of the mall will be done
16
simultaneously.

As soon as the respondents are done answering the survey

questionnaires, researchers collected it and will then proceed in statistical

analysis of the datum collected.

Data Analysis

The researchers organized and tallied the raw data that are gathered

through questionnaires from the conveniently selected respondents. The

researchers examined and interpreted the gathered quantitative data through

statistical representations. The researchers used the following statistical formulas

to process the data to get the answers to the research questions.

a. Frequency and Percentage Distribution

This treatment was used in this study to describe the demographic profiles of

the respondents pertaining to age, sex, position, length of service and

educational attainment of the tenants.

f
P= × 100
N
Where, P is percentage, f is the number of respondents’ answers and N is

the total number of respondents.

25
 b. Average Weighted Mean

It was used to determine the indicators under level of satisfaction of the

tenants.

❑
∑ x 17
X= ❑
❑
❑
Where, ∑ x is the sum of the quantitative variable and N is the total
❑

number of respondents.

c. Likert Scale

Respondents were given a chance to rate each statement in the

questionnaire. Their answers were given a corresponding number as follows:

Scale Verbal Interpretation

5 Strongly Satisfied
4 Moderately Satisfied
3 Satisfied
2 Slightly Satisfied
1 Not Satisfied

The responses coming from the respondents will be tabulated and mean

score of each item will be computed using descriptive statistics. After the

computation of mean score in each item, researchers come up to the final 5-point

scale.

The researchers used Likert Scale to measure respondents’ attitudes to a

particular question or statement. A Likert Scale is composed of a series of four or

more Likert-type items that represent similar questions combined into a single
26
composite score/variable.

18

d. Point Likert Scale

Mean Scale Value Verbal Interpretation

4.21 - 5.00 5 Strongly Satisfied
3.41 - 4.20 4 Moderately Satisfied
2.61 - 3.40 3 Satisfied
1.81 - 2.60 2 Slightly Satisfied
1.00 - 1.80 1 Not Satisfied

27
 Chapter 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the important findings, analysis of available data

and their interpretation.

Table 1
Age Demographic of the Respondents
Age Frequency Percentage
18 – 22 16 32%
23 – 27 17 34%
28 – 32 13 26%
33 – 37 3 6%
38 – 42 1 2%
43 – 47 0 0%
48 – 50 0 0%
51 and Above 0 0%

Total 50 100%

Figure 1.1

The table shows that the age demographics of the tenants wherein 32% of

the respondents age ranging from 18 – 22 years old, 34% of the respondents

has ranging from 23 – 27 years old, 26% of the respondents has an age ranging

from 28 – 32 years old, 6% of the respondents age ranging from 33 – 37 years

old, 2% of the respondent age ranging from 38 – 42, while ages ranging from 43

28
– 47, 48 – 50, and 51 above have no respondents at all with a total of 100%. The

data indicates that mostly of the respondents’ age ranging from 23 – 27 years

old. 20

Sex Demographics of the Respondents

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 13 26%

Female 37 74%
Total 50 100%
Figure 1.2

The table shows the sex demographics of the respondents wherein, 74%

of the respondents are female and 26% of the respondents are male, with a total

of 100%. The data indicates that mostly of the respondents are female.

29
 21

Position Demographics of the Respondents

Frequency
Position Percentage

Sales Clerk 25 50%

Cashier 7 14%

Store Manager 11 22%

Others 7 14

Total 50 100%
Figure 1.3

The table shows the position demographics of the respondents wherein,

50% of the respondents are sales clerk, 22% of the respondents are store

manager, 14% of the respondents are cashier and lastly, 14% of the respondents

has a position other than the three indicated above, with the total of 100%. The

data indicates that mostly of the respondents are sales clerk.

30
 22

Length of Service of the Respondents

Length of Service Frequency Percentage

0–2 28 56%

3–5 12 24%

6–8 4 8%

9 – 11 3 6%

12 – 14 0 0%

15 – 17 3 6%

18 – 20 0 0%

Total 50 100%
Figure 1.4

The table shows the years in the service demographics of the tenants of

the magic mall wherein 0 – 2 years has 56% of the respondents, 3 – 5 years has

25% of the respondents, 6 – 8 years has 8% of the respondents, 9 – 11 years

has 6% of the respondents, 12 – 14 years has no respondents at all, 15 – 17 has

6% of the respondents and 18 – 20 has no respondents at all. The data indicates

that mostly of the respondents are working for 0 – 2 years in the stalls.

31
 23

Educational Attainment of the Respondents

Educational Attainment Frequency Percentage

Elementary Graduate 0 0%

High School Graduate 22 44%

College Graduate 28 56%

Total 50 100%

Figure 1.5

The shows the educational attainment demographics of the respondents

wherein, elementary graduate have no respondents, 44% of the respondents are

high school graduate and lastly, 56% of the respondents are college graduate,

with a total of 100%. The data indicates that mostly of the respondents are

college graduate.

24

Table 2
Tenants’ Level of Satisfaction towards the Fire Safety Engineer of Mall of
Asia

Fire Exit

32
 Indicators AWM Description

Space of the Fire Exit Door 4.26 Strongly Satisfied

Accessibility of the Fire

4.22 Strongly Satisfied
Exit

Number of Fire Exit 4.02 Moderately Satisfied

Overall Mean 4.17 Moderately Satisfied

Figure 2.1

The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire exit

of the Mall of building were found to be moderately satisfied with an overall

mean of 4.17. The data indicates that tenants are moderately satisfied to the fire

exit of the Mall of Asia building 25

Smoke Detection System

Indicators AWM Description

Effectiveness of Smoke
4.04 Moderately Satisfied
Detection Alarm

Effectiveness of Fire
4.16 Moderately Satisfied
Alarm

Overall Mean 4.1 Moderately Satisfied

Figure 2.2

33
 The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the smoke

detection system of the Mall of Asia building were found to be moderately

satisfied with an overall mean of 4.1. The data indicates that tenants are

moderately satisfied to the smoke detection system of the Mall of Asia building.

26

Fire Drills

Indicators AWM Description

Fire Alarm Activation 4.34 Strongly Satisfied

Activation of Fire
4.28 Strongly Satisfied
Response Group
Review of Evacuation
4.14 Moderately Satisfied
Procedures
Implementation of Area
4.26 Strongly Satisfied
– Specific Fire Duties

Post Drill Evaluation

4.16 Moderately Satisfied
and Discussion

Overall Mean 4.24 Strongly Satisfied

Figure 2.3

The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire

drills of the Mall of Asia building were found to be strongly satisfied with an

34
 overall mean of 4.24. The data indicates that tenants are strongly satisfied to the

fire drills of Mall of Asia building.

27

Fire Suppression Equipment

Indicators AWM Description

Effectiveness of Fire
4.18 Moderately Satisfied
Sprinklers

Number of Fire Sprinklers 4.08 Moderately Satisfied

Effectiveness of Fire
4.18 Moderately Satisfied
Extinguisher

Number of Fire Extinguisher 4.08 Moderately Satisfied

Effectiveness of Fire Hose

4.02 Moderately Satisfied
Cabinet

Number of Fire Hose Cabinet 4.06 Moderately Satisfied

Overall Mean 4.13 Moderately Satisfied

Figure 2.4

The table reveals that the level of satisfaction of the tenants to the fire

suppression equipment of the Mall of Asia building were found to be moderately

satisfied with an overall mean of 4.13. The data indicates that tenants are

moderately satisfied to the fire suppression equipment of Mall of Asia building.

35
 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings; the conclusions made and

the recommendations offered.

Summary

This study was conducted in Mall of Asia building with a total of fifty (50)

respondents of tenants. Descriptive method was used in this study. The

researchers used a survey – questionnaire method in order to determine the

level of satisfaction of the tenants towards the fire safety engineer of the mall.

Based from the salient finding of this study, the profile of the tenants in

terms of age is as follows: 32% are 18 – 22 years old, 34% are 23 – 27 years old,

26% are 28 – 32 years old, 6% are 33 – 37 years old, 2% are 38 – 42 while ages

ranging from 43 years old and above has no respondents at all. In terms of

tenants’ sex, 74% are male and 26% are female. Fifty percent are sales clerk,

22% are store manager, 14% are cashier and other position has 14% of the

respondents. In terms of length of service, 56% work for 0 – 2 years, 24% work

for 3 – 5 years, 8% work for 6 – 8 years, 6% work for 9 – 11 years, 12 – 14 years

has no respondents, 6% work for 15 – 17 years and 18 – 20 years has no

36
respondents and lastly, in terms of educational attainment, 0% are elementary

graduate, 44% are high school graduate and 56% are college graduate.

29

Based on the study conducted, the level of satisfaction of the tenants to

the four indicators namely: fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills and fire

suppression equipment, were found to be moderately satisfied to strongly

satisfied with an overall mean of 4.17, 4.1, 4.24 and 4.13, respectively.

Conclusion

In this study, Mall of Asia fire safety engineer was assessed in terms of its

fire exit, smoke detection system, fire drills and fire suppression equipment.

The following are the conclusions generated by the researchers:

1. Profiling of the respondents:

a. The researchers concluded that majority of the respondents has

an age ranging from twenty – three to twenty – seven years old.

b. The researchers concluded that when it comes to sex

demographic of the respondents, most of the respondents are

female.

c. Researchers found that majority of the respondents are sales

clerk.

d. The researchers concluded that majority of the participants are

working to the stalls for zero to two years.

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 e. The researchers found that most of the respondents are college

graduate.

2. Level of satisfaction of respondents towards the fire safety engineer of the

mall:

a. It was found out that respondents are moderately satisfied to the

fire exit of mall which indicates that the space of the fire exit

door of the mall are wide enough to pass through, fire exit doors

are accessible and the number of fire exit door are sufficient.

b. The researchers concluded that respondents are moderately

satisfied to the smoke detection system of the mall which

indicates that both of the smoke detection alarm and fire alarm

of the mall are effective.

c. The researchers concluded that respondents are strongly

satisfied to the fire drills of the mall which indicates that fire

alarm activation, activation of fire response group, review of

evacuation procedures, implementation of area – specific fire

duties, post drill evaluation and discussion are very helpful to

the respondents in assessing themselves when there is a fire.

d. It was found out that fire sprinklers, fire extinguisher and fire

hose cabinet of the mall are effective. Likewise, the number of

fire sprinklers, fire extinguisher and fire hose cabinet are

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 sufficient which get a rate of moderately satisfied from the

respondents.

31

Recommendation

The researchers recommend the following to improve the quality of the fire

safety engineer and to enhance the level of satisfaction of the tenants.

Recommendation for the Management:

1. Level of satisfaction of respondents towards the fire safety engineer of the

mall:

a. Management should put sufficient number of fire exit in order for

the tenants to evacuate themselves faster and so that there will

be no stampede happen.

b. Periodic monitoring of smoke detection alarm so that

management will identify if the smoke detection alarms are still

effective or not. The effectiveness of smoke detection alarm will

benefit the tenants in such a way that tenants will be notified

soon enough and can evacuate themselves before the fire will

grow bigger.

c. Since review of evacuation procedures got the lowest rating in

the indicators of the fire drills of the mall, researchers suggest

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 that management should focus on this area of fire drills in order

for the tenants to be oriented on the evacuation procedures of

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the mall.

d. Constant monitoring of fire hose cabinet in order for the

management to be aware of the effectiveness of this fire

suppression equipment of the mall.

Recommendation for Future Researchers:

1. For more accurate result, gather data with a larger amount of

respondents and conduct study to all branch Mall of Asia building.

2. Future researchers should add more on the indicators of fire safety

engineer.

40
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Benyada, S., & Atachwaran, N., Ph.D. (2013). Key Factors Affecting Small
Tenants’ Decision on Renewing Shopping Mall Rent Contract.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 12(3).
Domałski T. (2005) Strategie rozwoju handlu PWE Warsaw [in Polish].
Ortegon – Cortazar, L., & Royo - Vela, M. (2017). Attraction Factors of Shopping
Centers: Effects of Design and Eco – Natural Environment on intention to
visit. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 26(2),
199 – 219.
Domałski T. (2005) Strategie rozwoju handlu PWE Warsaw [in Polish].
Francis, B., & Arlene, T. (2017). Improving Factor Services using Spatio –
Temporal Analysis: Fire incindents in Manila. doi:
10.1109/TENCONSpring.2017.8070013.
Geraldine, K. (2015). A study on the Awareness of Fire Safety Measures for
Users and Staff of Shopping Malls: The Case of Mlimani City and Quality
Center in Dar es Salaam. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 9
(2015), 1415 – 1422. doi: 10.17265/1934-7359/2015.12.003.
Fire Safety Challenges in Malls & Shopping Centre. (2017, March 18). Retrieved
from https://firesafetysecurityindia.com/fire-safety-challenges-in-malls-
shopping-centre/
Consumer preferences and behaviour in shopping malls in Poland with the
particular reference to Krakow in: Urban Development Issues. (2018,
October 15). Retrieved from
https://content.sciendo.com/configurable/contentpage/journals$002fudi$00
2f55$002f3$002farticle-p33.xml#j_udi-2018-0003_ref_016.
Dr. V., S., & B. Mitra, P. (2015). Factors Determining Tenants’ Satisfaction n
Shopping Malls at Chennai City. Indian Journal of Research, 4(4), 4 – 6.
Kaushal, Shailesh, K., & Medhavi, S. (2011). To identify The Prominent Factors
of Shopping Mall Behaviour: A Factor Analysis Approach. Indian journal of
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Noreina, A., & Quantaniah, K. (2013). Determinants of Tenants’ Satisfaction: A
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41
 TENANT’S LEVEL OF SATISFACTION TOWARDS THE FIRE SAFETY
ENGINEER OF THE MALL

PART 1 – RESPONDENTS’ PROFILE

Name (Optional): ______________________________________

A. Age

___ 18 – 22 years old ___ 38 – 42 years old

___ 23 – 27 years old ___ 43 – 47 years old

___ 28 – 32 years old ___ 48 – 50 years old

___ 33 – 37 years old ___ 50 and above

B. Sex

___ Female ___ Male

C. Position

___ Sales Clerk ___ Cashier

___ Store Manager ___ Others (Please specify)

_______________

D. Length of Service

___ 0 – 2 years ___ 12 – 14 years

___ 3 – 5 years ___ 15 – 17 years

___ 6 – 8 years ___ 18 – 20 years

___ 9 – 11 years

E. Educational Attainment

___ Elementary Graduate ___ College Graduate

___ High School Graduate

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42
 PART 2 – TENANT’S LEVEL OF SATISFACTION TOWARDS FIRE

SAFETY ENGINEER OF THE MALL

DIRECTION: Put a check mark (✔) on the item that corresponds to your
answer.

Legend:

5 – Strongly Satisfied

4 – Moderately Satisfied

3 – Satisfied

2 – Slightly Satisfied

1 – Not Satisfied

A. FIRE EXIT (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)

Space of the Fire Exit Door

Accessibility of Fire Exit

Number of Fire Exit

B. SMOKE DETECTION
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
SYSTEM
Effectiveness of Smoke

Detection Alarm

Effectiveness of Fire Alarm

C. FIRE DRILLS (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)

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 Fire alarm activation

Activation of Fire Response Group

Review of Evacuation Procedures

Implementation of area – specific

fire duties

Post drill evaluation and discussion

D. FIRE SUPPRESSION
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
EQUIPMENT
Effectiveness of Fire Sprinkler

Number of Fire Sprinkler

Effectiveness of Fire Extinguisher

Number of Fire Extinguisher

Effectiveness of Fire Hose Cabinet

Number of Fire Hose Cabinet

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Information

Age :
Date of Birth :
Place of Birth :
Sex :

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 Citizenship Religions:
Religion :
Father’s Name :
Occupation :
Mother’s Name :
Occupation :
Education Attainment

Secondary Level:

School Year:
Date Graduated:

Primary Level:
School Year:
Date Graduated:

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