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Cell Transport: 1) Selective Permeable

This document discusses different types of cell transport. It describes selective permeable membranes that allow certain substances to pass through based on cell needs. It defines key terms like solvent, solute, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. It explains three types of passive transport - simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. It also discusses active transport which requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

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Ziad Kandil
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21 views

Cell Transport: 1) Selective Permeable

This document discusses different types of cell transport. It describes selective permeable membranes that allow certain substances to pass through based on cell needs. It defines key terms like solvent, solute, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. It explains three types of passive transport - simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. It also discusses active transport which requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

Uploaded by

Ziad Kandil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cell Transport

1) Selective Permeable:
- A characteristic of a living membrane.

- The substances that pass through a selective permeable membrane change with
the need of the cell.

2) Solvent:
The substance that does the dissolving.

3) Solute:
The substance that dissolves.

4) Hypertonic:
Having a greater concentration of a solute than another solution.

5) Hypotonic:
Having a lower concentration of a solute than another solution.

6) Isotonic:
Two solutions containing equal concentrations of solute.

7) Dialysis membrane:
It is semi permeable membrane allow passage of water & small particles like:
glucose. But prevent passage of large molecules like: starch, protein, sucrose.

Ex: cell membrane

(1)
Types of Transport

1) Passive Transport:
- It does not require energy.

- Movement of molecules from (higher) concentration to (lower) concentration.

- It is three kinds: (Simple diffusion – Facilitated diffusion – Osmosis).

A) Simple diffusion:
- The steeper the gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion.

-Example: Humans obtain oxygen & get rid of carbon dioxide by simple diffusion
across moist membranes in air sacs (alveoli) in lungs.

B) Facilitated diffusion:
- It relies on special protein membrane channels to assist in transporting specific
substances across a membrane.

- Example: - calcium ions transported by facilitated diffusion through calcium ion


channels within the axon membrane.

- Transport of glucose.

C) Osmosis:

- It is the diffusion of (water) across a membrane.

- Water diffuses to the hypotonic area.


1- Cell in a hypertonic solution 2- Cell in hypotonic solution

Water will leave the cell, causing the Water flows into the cell.
cell to (shrink) & die.
-Animal cell will (burst) & die.
This is known as (plasmolysis).
- Plant cell has cell wall that prevent the
cell from bursting. It will (turgid) only.

3- Cell in Isotonic solution:

- No change will happen to the cell.


- 0.9 NaCl saline isotonic solution.

(3)
3) Active Transport:
- Require Energy.
- Movement of molecules is against a gradient (from lower to
higher concentration).
- Ex: Transport of Na,Mg,K,Cl through cell membrane.
Types:
1- Active facilitated transport.
2- Exocytosis.
3- Endocytosis.

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