11

English for Academic and

Professional Purposes
Quarter 4 - Module 9:
Designs, Tests and Revises Survey
Questionnaires
Conducts Surveys, Experiments or
Observations
ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
Self- Learning Modules
QUARTER 4: Module 9: Designs, Tests and Revises Survey Questionnaires
Conducts Surveys, Experiments or Observations

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i
 Quarter 4 - Module 9:
Designs, Tests and Revises Survey
Questionnaires
Conducts Surveys, Experiments or
Observations
What This Module is About

Anchored on the mission of leaving no learners behind in the “new normal” of

education, this learning material will help you enhance your competencies in English for
Academic and Professional Purposes through variety of purposeful discussion and activities
designed for distance learning.
Integrated with learning tasks that are contextualized and differentiated, this module
will cater to the varied needs of learners and provide them with worthwhile learning
opportunities despite being on a distance-learning setting.

For the facilitator:

This module is designed for self-paced learning. As a facilitator of learning however,
you have an important role to play. You are the learners’ most reliable reference, and you
know where and when to scaffold and provide further assistance to them. By frequently
monitoring the learners’ progress, you can provide the needed intervention.

For the learner:

Be sure to honestly and independently do the activities in this module. They are
intended to help you master the competency at your own pace. Answer keys are provided at
the end to help you self-check your own answers. Should you find that your answer is wrong,
think carefully and review. By doing so, your mistakes are not wasted because you will learn
from them. If you have other concerns, do not hesitate to ask help from your teacher. You
can also use other references to further enhance your learning. Moreover, do not forget to
have fun while learning.

For Parents/Guardians:
Your main role is to make sure your child has a conducive place and enough time to
work on this module at home. To maximize learning, you can also help your child if he/she
encounters some difficulties but make sure it is really your child who does all the required
tasks. Finally, just feel free to contact your child’s English for Academic and Professional
Purposes teacher if needed.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This part contains learning objectives that
are set for you to learn as you go along the
module each day/lesson.

What I Know This is a pretest assessment as to your

level of knowledge to the subject matter at
hand, meant specifically to gauge prior
related knowledge.
What’s New This is an introduction of the new lesson
through various activities, before it will be
presented to you.

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and
understanding of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are

intended for you to practice further in order
to master the competencies.

What I Have Learned These are activities designed to process

what you have learned from the lesson

What I Can Do These are tasks that are designed to

showcase your skills and knowledge
gained, and applied into real-life concerns
and situations.

Assessment These are tasks which aims to evaluate

your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activities will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
 What I Need to Know

Questionnaires are frequently used in quantitative marketing research and

social research. When properly constructed and responsibly administered,
questionnaires become a vital instrument by which statements can be made about
specific groups or people or entire populations. They are a valuable method of
collecting a wide range of information from a large number of individuals, often
referred to as respondents. Adequate questionnaire construction is critical to the
success of a survey. Appropriate questions, correct ordering of questions, correct
scaling, or good questionnaire format can make the survey worthwhile, as it may
accurately reflect the views and opinions of the participants.

At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following
objectives:
- define survey questionnaires;
- identify the key points in formulating survey questionnaire; and
- formulate a survey questionnaire.

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 What I Know

Are you ready to begin your journey on this topic? Let’s start with this warm-up activity

Pre-Test

I. Identification

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if the statement is false.

Questionnaires should:

1. Be composed of a simple and a specific language.

2. Demand many answers on one dimension.
3. Yield a truthful and inaccurate answer.
4. Accommodate all possible contingencies of a response.
5. Have mutually exclusive response option.

Congratulations on completing the first task! You are now moving on to the lesson proper.
 What’s New

Directions: Below is an example of a Survey Questionnaire on Mathematics

Performance. Answer the following items based on your personal experiences.

Direction: Please check (/) and rate yourself honestly based on what you actually do using the following scales:

Source: https://www.google.com/search?
q=questionnaire+sample+for+research+pa
per+pdf&tbm=isch&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-
 What is It

Questionnaire was invented by Sir Francis Galton, a British anthropologist,

explorer and statistician in late 1800. Questionnaire forms the backbone of any
survey and the success of it lies in the design of a questionnaire. A questionnaire is
simply a list of mimeographed or printed questions that is completed by or for a
respondent to give his opinion. It is the main means of collecting quantitative primary
data. It enables quantitative data to be collected in a standardized way so that the
data are internally consistent and coherent for analysis. Questionnaires should
always have a definite purpose that is related to the objectives of the research, and it
needs to be clear from the outset how the findings will be used.
Ideal Components of a
Questionnaire A questionnaire
should:
1. Be composed of a simple and a specific language
2. Demand one answer on one dimension
3. Yield a truthful and accurate answer
4. Accommodate all possible contingencies of a response
5. Have mutually exclusive response options
6. Produce variability in response
7. Minimize social desirability

Main Aspects of a Questionnaire

There are three main aspects of a questionnaire:

1. General form
2. Question sequence
3. Question formulation and wording.

General Form
A questionnaire can be either structured or unstructured. Structured questions
are those questions in which there are definite, concrete and predetermined
questions. The questions are presented with exactly the same wordings and in the
same order to all respondents. A highly structured questionnaire is one in which all
questions and answers are specified and comments in respondents own words are
minimized.
Example: Do you have a driver’s
license? ( ) Yes ( ) No
When these characteristics are not present in a questionnaire, it is termed as
unstructured or non-structured questionnaire. Interviewer is provided with a general
 guide on the type of information to be obtained, but the exact question
formulation is largely his own responsibility and replies are to be taken down in
respondent’s own words.
Example: How can we stop the spread of fake news in the
different social media platforms?

Question Sequence
The question sequence must be clear and smoothly moving. A proper
sequence of questions reduces considerably the chances of individual question
being misunderstood. The first few questions are particularly important because they
are likely to influence the attitude of respondents and in seeking his desired
cooperation. The following questions should be avoided as opening questions:
1. Questions that put great strain on memory
2. Questions of a personal character
3. Questions related to personal wealth. Relatively difficult, personal and
intimate questions should be kept toward the end. Thus, question
sequence should usually go from the general to the more specific
questions.
4.
Question Formulation and Wording
Question should be very clear and impartial in order not to give a biased
picture of the true state of affairs. In general the questions should meet the following
standards.
1. It is easily understood.
2. It avoids unnecessary and vague words.
3. It conveys only one thought at a time.
4. It is concrete and conforms to respondent’s way of thinking.
5. It avoids words with ambiguous meanings.
6. It avoids danger words, catch words and words with emotional
connotations.

Types of Survey Questions

There are about four different types of questionnaire design for a survey.
They are applied according to the purpose of the survey.
1. Contingency questions/Cascade format
2. Matrix questions
3. Closed-ended questions
4. Open-ended questions
Contingency Questions/Cascade Format
A question that is answered only if the respondent gives a particular response
to a previous question. This avoids asking questions to people that do not apply to
them.

Source: https://methods.sagepub.com/book/making-sense-of-social-research/n7.xml

Matrix Questions

Identical response categories are assigned to multiple questions. The

questions are placed one under the other, forming a matrix with response categories

along the top and a list of questions down the side. This is an efficient use of page

space and respondents’ time

Source: https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/survey-question-types
Closed-ended Questions
Respondents’ answers are limited to a fixed set of responses. Most scales are
closed ended. Types of closed-ended questions include:
a. Yes/No questions—The respondent answers the questions with a ‘yes’ or a
‘no’.
Example: Have you ever visited a dentist?
b. Multiple choice—The respondent has several options from which to
choose. Example: How would you rate this product.
(i) Excellent (ii) Good (iii) Fair (iv) Poor
c. Scaled questions—Responses are graded on a continuum.
Example: Rate the appearance of the product on a scale from 1 to 10, with 10
being the most preferred appearance).
Examples of types of scales include the Likert scale and Semantic differential
scale.
 Likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research
that employs questionnaires to measure social attitudes.
Example: Are you happy with your child’s academic performance?
(1) Strongly disagree (2) Disagree (3) Don’t know
(4) Agree (5) Strongly agree
 Semantic differential scale is a list of opposite adjectives to measure
psychological meaning of an object to an individual.
Example: Rate the park on the following dimensions:
Safe _: : _ Dangerous Dirty _: : _
Clean Quiet : : Noisy : _:

Open-ended Questions
The options or predefined categories are not suggested. The
respondents reply in their own words without being constrained by a fixed set
of possible responses. Types of open-ended questions include:
a. Completely Unstructured—These Questionnaires are usually formulated
around open questions. Open questions may give more valid data, as
respondents can say what is important to them and express it in their own
words.
For example, ‘What is your opinion on questionnaires?
b. Word association—Words are presented and the respondent mentions
the first word that comes to mind.
Example: If interviewer says cold, the respondent may say hot and the
like
c. Sentence completion—Respondents complete an incomplete sentence.
Example: The most important consideration in my decision to buy
a new house is . . .
d. Story completion—Respondents complete an incomplete story.
 e. Picture completion—Respondents fill in an empty conversation balloon.
f. Thematic apperception test—Respondents explain a picture or make up a
story about what they think is happening in the picture

What’s More

Do you now understand what

questionnaires are? Great! Let’s practice!

Directions: Below is an example of a Survey Questionnaire. Examine how it was

constructed to yield the expected data.

Customer Satisfaction Survey Questionnaire

I. Questions
Directions: Please indicate your level of agreement or disagreement with each of
these statements regarding QRZ Family Restaurant. Place an "X" mark in the box of
your answer.
Q1: How many times per year do you visit QRZ Family Restaurant?

Q2: Do you visit QRZ Family Restaurant with family or friends?

□ Yes □ No
Legend: SA – Strongly Agree A – Agree N – Neutral
D – Disagree SD – Strongly Disagree
SA A N D DA
1. The store is accessibly located.
2. Store hours are convenient for my dining needs.
3. Advertised dish was in stock.
4. A good selection of dishes was present.

5. The meals sold are a good value for the money.

6. Store has the lowest prices in the area.
7. Meals sold are of the highest quality.
8. Store atmosphere and decor are appealing.
Q9: How would you rate your overall experience at the QRZ Family
Restaurant?
□ Highly satisfactory
□ Satisfactory
□ Neutral
□ Unsatisfactory
□ Highly Unsatisfactory

Q10: What could we do to make your restaurant dining experience better?

__
__
__
III. Demographic Data
Name (optional): _
Age: _
Gender:
Number of Family Members:
□ 1-2
□ 3-5
□ 6-10
□ more than 10
Email Address (optional): _ _
IV. Thank you for sharing your thoughts with us. Enjoy dining at QRZ Family
Restaurant.
Write your observations and suggestions to improve this Survey
Questionnaire.
Guide questions:
1. What are the types of questions used in the given survey questionnaire?
2. Do you think these questions are suited for varied respondents? Explain why
or why not?

_
__ _
_
_
_
 What I Have Learned

Write a summary of your learnings from this module.

_
_
_
_
_
_

What I Can Do

Directions: Using the “Customer Satisfaction Survey” as your topic, formulate one
example for each type of questions. You can use your favorite food establishment or
other services as your reference in formulating your survey questionnaire.

1. Contingency questions/Cascade format

2. Matrix questions
3. Closed-ended questions
4. Open-ended questions

Assessment
Directions: Think of a topic/problem and create a Survey Questionnaire. You can
use one or varied types of question depending on your desired and expected result.

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 Answer Key

References

A. Electronic Files

Department of Education. Curriculum and Instruction Strand. K to 12 Most

Essential Learning Competencies with Corresponding CG Codes.

Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes.

(2016). Teacher’s Guide. First Edition.

Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes.

(2016). Reader. First Edition.

B. Online Source

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235801675_Questionnaire_Designin

g_for_a_Survey

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https://www.google.com/search?

q=questionnaire+sample+for+research+pape

r+pdf&tbm=isch&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-

4NHJoobuAhWTx4sBHQylAuoQrNwCKAB6BAgBEGk&biw=1349&bih=600#i

mgrc=5q1w3teXARZB8M