C 274 - 99 Qzi3na

Designation: C 274 – 99
Standard Terminology of
Structural Sandwich Constructions1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope a support or another panel.

1.1 This terminology covers terms necessary for a basic facing delamination, n—where the facing becomes disbonded
uniform understanding and usage of the language peculiar to from the core.
structural sandwich constructions. The simplest structural face dimpling, n—buckling of the compressive facing into the
sandwich is a three layered construction formed by bonding a individual cells of the honeycomb core due to compressive
thin layer (facing) to each side of a thick layer (core). loading or the prepreg facing sagging into the individual
honeycomb cells during cocure.
2. Referenced Documents face wrinkling, n—buckling of the compressive facing into or
2.1 ASTM Standards: away from the core. This progresses the width of the panel
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives2 and causes failure.
facing, n—the outermost layer or composite component of a
3. Terminology sandwich construction, generally thin and of high density,
which resists most of the edgewise loads and flatwise
adhesive, n—a substance capable of holding materials together
bending moments: synonymous with face, skin and
by surface attachment.
facesheet.
DISCUSSION—This definition was established in Terminology D 907. inplane loads, n—loads which are parallel to the facings.
bending stiffness, n—the sandwich property which resists inserts, n—apparatus placed into the sandwich for attaching
bending deflections. D5EI; the facing modulus times the items: synonymous with hard points.
panel moment of inertia. post-fab, n—fabrication process where close-outs and inserts
co-curing, n—curing a composite laminate and simultaneously are attached or put into the panel after the facings are bonded
bonding it to the sandwich core. to the core.
co-fab, n—fabrication process where close-outs and inserts are shear crimping, n—buckling of the compressive facing due to
bonded into the panel the same time the facings are bonded low core shear modulus. Usually causes the core to fail in
to the core. shear at the crimp.
core, n—a centrally located layer of a sandwich construction, shear rigidity, n—the sandwich property which resists shear
usually low density, which separates and stabilizes the distortions: synonymous with shear stiffness. U5hG; the
facings and transmits shear between the facings and provides core thickness (approximate) times the core shear modulus.
most of the shear rigidity of the construction. structural sandwich construction, n—a laminar construction
doublers, n—an extra piece of facing attached to strength or comprising a combination or alternating dissimilar simple or
stiffen the panel or to distribute the load more widely to the composite materials assembled and intimately fixed in rela-
core. tion to each other so as to use the properties of each to attain
edge close-outs, n—members placed around the panel sides to specific structural advantages for the whole assembly.
protect the sandwich from damage or to attach the panel to transverse loads, n—loads which are perpendicular to the
facings: synonymous with flatwise load.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-30 on 4. Keywords
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on
Sandwich Construction. 4.1 core; facing; loads; rigidity; sandwich; sandwich con-
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Originally struction; stiffness
published as C 274 – 51 T. Last previous edition C 274 –94.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
C 274
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Designation: C 274 – 99

1. Scope a support or another panel.

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