LABOR RELATIONS LAW

Atty. Carlisle Marie Anselyn M. Fabie

I. INTRODUCTION

a. Constitutional Basis and Labor Code provisions

1987 Constitution
§ Sections 2, 10 and 18, Article II
§ Section 8, Article III
§ Section 2B, Article IX-B
§ Section 12, Article XII
§ Sections 3 and 14, Article XIII

Labor Code of the Philippines

§ Article 3
§ Article 218: Declaration of Policy
§ Article 290: Tripartism and Tripartite Conferences

Cases:
PAL vs. PALEA, 57 SCRA 489
PLDT vs. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671

b. Definitions

Statutory Source and Interpretation

Definitions
Article 219: Definitions
Section 1, Rule I, Book V of the Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor
Code

Employer and Employee

Article 219 (e) and (f)

Labor Organization: Legitimate Labor Organization

Article 219 (g) and (h)

Labor Dispute
Article 219 (l) Definition

Test for Determining Labor Dispute

Labor Relations Policy

Dispute Settlement Methodology

Article 218 (a)

Collective Bargaining

Trade Unionism
Article 218 (b) and (c)

Worker Enlightenment
Article 218 (d)
Article 250 (p): Rights and Conditions of Membership in a Labor
Organization
Article 277 (a)
Sections 1-3, Rule XX, Book V

Machinery Dispute Settlement

Article 218 (e)

Industrial Peace
Article 218 (f)
Article 278 (a)-(i)

1
 Worker Participation in Decision-Making
Article 218 (g)

Right Test

Wage Fixing
Article 218 B
Article 263 (g)

Rationale Policy

Tripartism
Article 290 (a) and (b)

Cases:

BF Goodrich Confidential and Salaried Employees Union vs. BF Goodrich

Philippines, Inc. 49 SCRA 532
Caltex Filipino Manager and Supervisors Association vs. CIR, 44 SCRA
350
Feati University vs. Bautista, 18 SCRA 1191
Airline Pilots Association, et al. vs. CIR, 76 SCRA 274
Lopez Sugar Corporation vs. Secretary of Labor, 247 SCRA 1
San Miguel Corporation Employees Union vs. Bersamira, 186 SCRA 496
Gold City Integrated Port Service Inc vs. NLRC, 245 SCRA 627
RCPI vs. Philippine Communications Electronics and Electricity Workers
Federation, 65 SCRA 82
Kiok Loy vs. NLRC, 1414 SCRA 179
Davao Integrated Port vs. Olvida, 210 SCRA 553
Victoria vs. Inciong, 157 SCRA 339
PAL vs. NLRC, 225 SCRA 301
Caltex Filipino Manager and Supervisors Association vs. CIR, 44 SCRA
350

II. RIGHT TO SELF-ORGANIZATION

Basis of Right

1987 Constitution
Section 8, Article III
Section 3, Article XIII

Cases:
Reyes vs. Trajano, 209 SCRA 484
Knitjoy vs. Calleja, 214 SCRA 174
General Rubber and Footwear Corp vs. BLR, 155 SCRA 283

a. Rules on Employees (Article 253 to 257)

Workers with Right to Self-Organization
Article 253

Non-Profit Organization

Employees of Government Corporations

Article 254

Supervisors
Article 255
Article 219 (m)

Aliens
Article 284

Security Guards
Department Order 150-16 Series of 2016

2
 Workers with No Right to Self-Organization
Managerial and Confidential Employees
Article 219 (m)
Article 255 and 256

Worker/Member of Cooperative

Non-Employees
Article 253

Fiduciary Employees

Party Protected

Sanctions for Violation of Right

Article 257
Article 258
Article 259
Article 303
Article 304

Cases:
FEU-Dr. Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Inc vs. Trajano, 152 SCRA
725
Kapatiran sa Meat and Canning Division vs. Calleja, 162 SCRA 367
Toyota Motor Philippines Corp. vs. Toyota Motor Philippines Corp. Labor
Union, 268 SCRA 573
Dunlop Slazenger (Philippines) Inc. vs. Secretary of Labor, 300 SCRA 120
Paper Industries Corporation vs. Laguesma, 330 SCRA 295
United Pepsi Cola Supervisors Union vs. Laguesma, 288 SCRA 15
Pepsi-Cola vs. Secretary of Labor, 312 SCRA 104
United Pepsi-Cola Supervisors Union vs. Laguesma, 288 SCRA 15
San Miguel Corp. Supervisors vs. Laguesma, 277 SCRA 370
Cooperative Rural Bank of Davao vs. Ferrer-Calleja, 165 SCRA 725
Singer Sewing Machine Co. vs. Drilon, 193 SCRA 270
Metrolab Industries vs. Roldan Confessor, G.R. No. 108855, February 25,
1996
Mactan Workers Union vs. Aboitiz, 45 SCRA 577

b. Labor Organization (Articles 240 to 252)

Policy
Article 211(a) and (b)

Registration and Cancellation

Article 219(g)
Article 240 to 249

Rights and Conditions of Membership

Art. 250
Election of Officers
Union dues and special assessments

Rights of Legitimate Labor Organizations

Appropriate Bargaining Unit
Affiliation and Disaffiliation
Agency fees

Cases:
Airline Pilots Assn. of the Phil. v. CIR, 76 SCRA 274 [1977]
Cebu Seaman’s Assn., Inc. v. Ferrer-Calleja, 212 SCRA 50 [1992]
Toyota Motor Phils. Corp. v. Toyota Motor Phils. Corp. Labor Union, 268
SCRA 573 [1997]
Mactan Workers Union v. Aboitiz, 45 SCRA 577 [1972]
Guijarno v. CIR, 52 SCRA 307 [1973]
Phoenix Iron and Steel Corp. v. Sec. of Labor, 244 SCRA 173 [1995]
Vassar Industries Employees Union v. Estrella, 82 SCRA 280 [1978]
3
 Villar v. Inciong, 121 SCRA 444 [1983]
Furusawa Rubber Phil. v. Sec. of Labor, 282 SCRA 635 [1997]
Tropical hut Employee Union v. Tropical Hut Food Market, Inc. 181 SCRA
173 [1990]
Progressive development Corp. v. Sec. DOLE, 205 SCRA [1992]
Alliance of Democratic Labor Organization v. Laguesma, 254 SCRA 565
[1996]
Montaño v. Verceles, G.R. No. 168583, July 26, 2010, 625 SCRA 405
Liberty Flour Mills Employees v. Liberty Flour Mills, Inc., G.R. Nos. 58768-
70, Dec. 29, 1989, 180 SCRA 668
Philippine Land-Air-Sea Labor Union (PLASLU), Inc. v. CIR, G.R. Nos. L-
5664 and L-5698, Sept.17, 1953, 93 Phil. 747
Philippine Skylanders, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 127374, Jan. 31, 2002,
375 SCRA 369
PAFLU v. Sec. of Labor, G.R. No. L-22228, Feb. 27, 1969, 27 SCRA 40
S.S. Ventures International, Inc. v. S.S. Ventures Labor Union, G.R. No.
161690, July 23, 2008, 559 SCRA 435
Air Philippines Corporation v. BLR, G.R. No. 155395, June 22, 2006, 492
SCRA 243

III. RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING

A. Collective Bargaining Agreement
Articles 261 to 272
Articles 237 to 239

B. Unfair Labor Practices

Articles 258 to 260

IV. RIGHT TO PEACEFUL CONCERTED ACTIVITIES

Articles 278 to 287

Cases for III and IV:

ALU v. Ferrer-Calleja, G.R. No. 77282, May 5, 1989, 173 SCRA 178
Insular Life Assurance v Insular Life Assurance 37 SCRA 2244
CLLC GE Gochangco v NLRC 161 SCRA 656 (1988)
Progressive Development Corp. v. CIR, G.R. No. L-39546, Nov. 29, 1977,
80 SCRA 434
T & H Shopfitters Corp. v. T & H Shopfitters Corp./Gin Queen Workers
Union, G.R. 191714, Feb. 26, 2014, 717 SCRA 410
Me-Shurn Corp. v. Me-Shurn Workers Union-FSM, G.R. No. 156292,
Jan. 11, 2005, 448 SCRA 41
Complex Electronics Employees Association v. NLRC, G.R. No. 121315,
July 19, 1999, 310 SCRA 403
Standard Chartered Bank Employees Union (NUBE) v. Confessor, G.R.
No. 114974, June 16, 2004, 432 SCRA 308
BPI v. BPI Employees Union-Davao Chapter-Federation of Unions in BPI
Unibank, G.R. No. 164301, Aug. 10, 2010, 627 SCRA 590 [See Resolution
dated October 11, 2011, 658 SCRA 828 denying MR of BPI]
Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope Workers’ Union, G.R. No. L-25246, Sept. 12,
1974, 59 SCRA 54
People’s Industrial and Commercial Employees and Workers
Organization (FFW) v. People’s Industrial and Commercial Corp., G.R.
No. L-37687, March 15, 1982, 112 SCRA 440
Cariño v. NLRC, G.R. No. 91086, May 8, 1990, 185 SCRA 177
MD Transit & Taxi Co. v. De Guzman, G.R. No. L-18810, April 23, 1963,
7 SCRA 726
Lakas ng Manggagawang Makabayan (LAKAS) v. Marcelo Enterprises,
G.R. No. L-38258, Nov. 19, 1982, 118 SCRA 422
Colegio De San Juan De Letran v. Association of Employees and Faculty
of Letran, G.R. No. 141471, Sept. 18, 2000, 340 SCRA 587
HSBC Employees Union v. NLRC, G.R. No. 156635, Jan. 11, 2016, 778
SCRA 17
Rivera v. Espiritu, G.R. No. 135547, Jan. 23, 2002, 374 SCRA 351
National Union of Workers in Hotels, Restaurants and Allied Industries-
4
 Manila Pavillion Hotel Chapter v. Sec. of Labor and Employment, G.R.
No. 181531, July 31, 2009, 594 SCRA 773
Holy Child Catholic School v. Sto. Tomas, G.R. No. 179146, July 23,
2013, 701 SCRA 589
Notre Dame of Greater Manila v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 149833, June 29,
2004, 433 SCRA 225
PAL v. Santos, G.R. No. 77875, Feb. 4, 1993, 218 SCRA 415
National Federation of Labor v. NLRC, G.R. No. 113466, Dec. 15, 1997,
283 SCRA 275
Capitol Medical Center, Inc. v. Trajano, G.R. No. 155690, June 30, 2005,
462 SCRA 457

V. POST-EMPLOYMENT
Articles 293-307
Related Omnibus Rules
DOLE DO No. 147-15
RA No. 8558, as amended by RA No. 10757

A. Termination by employer
1. Substantive due process
a. Just causes
b. Authorized causes

2. Procedural due process

3. Preventive suspension
4. Illegal dismissal
a. No just or authorized causes
b. Constructive dismissal
5. Money claims from employer-employee relationship
6. When not deemed dismissed: employee on a floating status

B. Termination by employee
1. With notice to the employer
2. Without notice to the employer
3. Distinguish resignation from constructive dismissal

C. Retirement

Cases:
Innodata Knowledge Services, Inc. v. Inting, G.R. No. 211892, Dec. 6,
2017, 848 SCRA 106
Azcor Manufacturing, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 117963, Feb. 11, 1999, 303
SCRA 26
Metro Transit Organization, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 122046, Jan. 16,
1998, 284 SCRA 308
Philippine Wireless, Inc. (Pocketbell) v. NLRC, G.R. No. 112963, July 20,
1999, 310 SCRA 653
Molina v. Pacific Plans, Inc., G.R. No. 165476, March 10, 2006, 655
SCRA 356
Sy v. Neat, Inc., G.R. No. 213748, Nov. 27, 2017, 846 SCRA 612
Micro Sales Operation Network v. NLRC, G.R. No. 155279, Oct. 11, 2005,
472 SCRA 328
Challenge Socks Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 165268, Nov. 8, 2005, 474 SCRA
356
Valiao v. CA, G.R. No. 146621, July 30, 2004, 435 SCRA 543
Central Pangasinan Electric Cooperative, Inc. v. Macaraeg, G.R. No.
145800, Jan. 23, 2003, 395 SCRA 720
Cruz v. Coca-Cola Bottlers, Phils., Inc., G.R. No. 165586, June 15, 2005,
460 SCRA 340
Standard Electric Manufacturing Corp. v. Standard Electric Employees
Union-NAFLU-KMU, G.R. No. 166111, Aug. 25, 2005, 468 SCRA 316
Floren Hotel v. NLRC, G.R. No. 155264, May 6, 2005, 458 SCRA 128
5
Batongbacal v. Associated Bank, G.R. No. 72977, Dec. 21, 1988, 168 SCRA
600
Stellar Industrial Services, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 117418, Jan. 24, 1996,
252 SCRA 323
Chua-Qua v. Clave, G.R. No. L-49549, Aug. 30, 1990, 189 SCRA 117
Mendoza v. Rural Bank of Lucban, G.R. No. 155421, July 7, 2004, 433
SCRA 756
Globe Telecom, Inc. v. Florendo-Flores, G.R. No. 150092, Sept. 27, 2002,
390 SCRA 201
Escareal v. NLRC, G.R. No. 99359, Sep. 2, 1992, 213 SCRA 472
Industrial Timber Corp. v. Ababon, G.R. No. 164518, Jan. 25, 2006, 480
SCRA 171
Agabon v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158693, Nov. 17, 2004, 442 SCRA 573
Jaka Food Processing Corp. v. Pacot, G.R. No. 151378, March 28, 2005,
454 SCRA 119
Allied Banking Corp. v. Calumpang, G.R. No. 219435, January 17, 2018,
852 SCRA 1
Laya, Jr. v. Philippine Veterans Bank, G.R. No. 205813, January 10, 2018,
850 SCRA 315
PNOC-EDC v. Abella, G.R. No. 153904, Jan. 17, 2005, 448 SCRA 549
BPI Employees Union v. BPI, G.R. No. 137863, March 31, 2005, 454 SCRA
357
Hanford Philippines, Incorporated v. Joseph, G.R. No. 158251, March 31,
2005, 454 SCRA 786
Brion v. South Philippine Union Mission of the Seventh Day Adventist
Church, G.R. No. 135136, May 19, 1999, 307 SCRA 497
Abbott Laboratories, Philippines v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 192571, July 23,
2013, 701 SCRA 682 [See Resolution dated April 22, 2014, 723 SCRA 25
denying Alcaraz’s MR]
King of Kings Transport, Inc. v. Mamac, G.R. No. 166208, June 29, 2007,
526 SCRA 116
Perez v. Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company, G.R. No. 152048,
April 7, 2009, 584 SCRA 110