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Improving and analysis turbine wheel of turbocharger for high-performance

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Article  in  Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments · September 2018

DOI: 10.26480/jmerd.03.2018.91.96

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 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and

Developments (JMERD)
DOI : http://doi.org/10.26480/jmerd.03.2018.91.96

ISSN: 1024-1752
CODEN : JERDFO

IMPROVING AND ANALYSIS TURBINE WHEEL OF TURBOCHARGER FOR

HIGH-PERFORMANCE ENGINES
Mohand Mosa Mohammad1, Ahmed Esmael Mohan2, Hiyam Adil Habeeb2

1Mussaib Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq.

2TechnicalCollage/ Al-mussaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq.
*Corresponding Author Email:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT

A turbocharger performance of exhaust gas turbine on the diesel engines are studied the turbine driven compressor
that is used for increasing air flow rate into internal combustion engine the angle of Blade effect on the flow field of
turbine wheel. Angle of Blade of turbine wheel analyzed Based on the theory Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
How the various blade angle of turbine wheel due to optimization on flow field along the blade and leads to
optimization in the pressure and velocity. Blade angle studied is conducted for understand the flow behavior in order
to minimize the effects blade angle. in this paper dealing The Analyses the flow field along the blade passage of the
turbine wheel for the turbocharger and study the effect flow field at different blade angle for turbine wheel outlet
blade angle, β = 650, 450 and 350.

KEYWORDS

CFD, Turbo charger, turbine wheel, Blade angle, Pressure contour, Velocity streamline

Figure 1: Compressor and turbine sections of turbocharger

1. INTRODUCTION a turbine that extracts energy from the exhaust gas for the internal
combustion engine and after that converts that energy to shaft power. The
The turbine driven compressor that using foe increase the air flow rate arrangements are ideal because a compressor is not using power from the
into internal combustion engine. This is accomplished by used the engine drive shaft. Turbocharger is efficient in that the turbine utilizes the
compressor for compress the air and increasing the air flow into the exhaust gas energy that is typically reject to the atmosphere on the case of
cylinders of the internal combustion engine. The compressor is driven by a naturally aspirated engine. For turbocharger for operate efficiently.

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

2. SOLUTION METHODOLOGY

Design and Analysis of a Turbine Wheel Turbocharger: using PRO-E and

ANSYS_CFX. In ANSYS _CFX the design of the turbine wheel is done using
PRO-E with following:

1.2 Design and Analysis of a Turbocharger Turbine Wheel

Geometrical Specifications:

Inducer diameter D1 = 141.2mm

Exducer diameter D2 = 124mm
Trim = 77.12
Tip height = 20mm
Blade height, H = 61.06mm
No. of blades of Turbine, Nb = 12
Figure 2: Turbocharger Thickness of the blade, t = 2 mm

An important problem that arises in the design and the performance of the The above-mentioned geometrical specification is same for 650,450 and
wheels of a turbocharger is the understanding, analysis and prediction of 350 outlet blade angle of a Turbine wheel. The analysis is done for each of
internal flow on the wheels of a turbocharger. The two available means of above specified outlet blade angle and is as follows:
evaluating new wheels of a turbocharger design is computational (cfd).
The advantages of computation simulation (CFD) are low cost, increase Modeling: Designing it done by PRO- E. turbine whell with above
speed, and more data, geometrical specifications with 2mm thickness throughout the blade
(Figure 2).
Through the use of advanced and accurate computer simulations, much of
the preliminary experimental testing may be eliminated. Case – I Outlet Blade Angle β = 650

Figure 3: Turbine Impeller (wheel) at β = 650

blade angle 650 ,450 and 350 of a turbine wheel of turbocharger. Boundary
2.1.1 Mesh Generation conditions the flow and thermal variable on the boundary of the applied
boundary conditions shown in Table 1 and Table 2 and is same for 65 0
ANSYS mesh generation is powerful tool that lets designer of rotating ,450 and 350 outlet blade angle of a turbine wheel. Boundary condition is
machinery to create high quality Tetrahedral meshes, these mesh is using considered in CFX. The working fluid is taken as CO2 at 1200 0C and
in the (ANSYS) for solve the complex blade problem. reference pressure at 1 atm. The fluid domain is considered as stationary.
ANSYS_CFX software is used for obtaining the results and standard k-
Fine mesh information and tetrahedral Meshing done is shown in Table 1 turbulence model with turbulence intensity of 5% considered
and mesh generation along with section view figure below.
❖ Inlet boundary condition: impeler inlet boundary condition is set
Table 1: Mesh Information for Outlet Blade Angle Β = 650 in a sub-sonic flow regim with total pressure at 1atm. The turbulence
intensity is 5% considered.
Fluid 81814 410994
❖ Outlet boundary condition: The impeler outlet boundary condition
is set in the subsonic flow regim with relative pressure 0 kpa.
Impellor 24092 108184

All Domains 105906 519178 ❖ Solid boundary: The solid or wall, boundaries include the Turbine.
A smooth surface and no heat transfer (adiabatic flow) were assumed
for all the wall boundaries.

Figure 4: Tetrahedral mesh generation

2.2 The Boundary Conditions

Figure 5: Boundary condition
After creating mesh in ANSYS, the mesh is analyzed in ANSYS CFX-Pre for Table 2: Domain Physics For outlet Blade Angle β = 650
applying boundary condition. And boundary condition is same for outlet

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

Domain - Fluid
Domain Boundaries
Reference Pressure 1.0000e+00 (atm)
Boundary - Inlet
Stiffness Model Exponent 1.0000e+01
Settings
Heat Transfer Isothermal Fluid
Flow Regime Subsonic
Temperature of Fluid 2.5000e+01 (C) Normal Speed 1.5000e+02 [km hr^-1]
Turbulence Model [k epsilon] Turbulence Medum Intensety and Eddy Viscosity Ratio

Domain - Impellor
2.2.1 Case – II outlet Blade Angle, β = 450
Angular Velocity 1.5000e+04 [rev min^-1]
Modeling: Designing is done with the help of a PRO- E. turbine impeller
Table 3: Boundary Physics for Inlet Blade Angle β = 650 with above geometrical with 2mm thickness throughout blade.

(a) Front view (b) Top view

Figure 6: Turbine wheel at β2 = 450

Fluid 60716 326219

2.2.2 Mesh Generation
Impellor 29231 119355
ANSYS mesh generation is powerfol tool that lets designer and analyst of
rotating machinery to create high quality Tetrahedral meshe, while All Domains 89947 445574
preserving the underlying geometry. These meshes is using in the (ANSYS)
to solve blade problems. Fine tetrahedral Meshing done and mesh
2.3 Boundary Conditions
information and mesh generation along with section.
After Creating a Mesh In Ansys, The Mesh Is Analyzed In The Ansys by
Applying the Boundary Condition The Boundary Conditions Is Similar To
Outlet Blade Angle, β = 650 Of A Turbine Wheel.

Figure 7: Tetrahedral mesh generation

Fine tetrahedral Meshing done, and mesh information is shown in Table 4 Figure 8: Boundary condition
and mesh generation along with section.
2.3.1 Case – Iii Outlet Blade Angle, Β = 350
Table 4: Mesh Information for Outlet Blade Angle Β = 450
Modeling: The Designing is done with help of PRO- E. turbine impeller
with above geometrical specifications with 2mm thickness throughout
Domain Nodes Elements the blade.

Figure 9: Turbine wheel at β = 350

2.3.2 Mesh Generation

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

Fine tetrahedral Meshing done, and mesh information is shown in Table

10 and mesh generation along with section view (Figure 10).

Figure 11: Boundary condition

Figure 10: Tetrahedral mesh generation 2.5 Solver Control

Table 10: Mesh Information for Outlet Blade Angle β2 = 350 CFX Solver Manager is visual interface that display the variety of the result
and must be used when plotted data needs to be view during problem
Domain Nodes Elements solving. The turbulence was simulated with k-  turbulence model. The
advection scheme was set to upwind. The convergence criterion was set to
Fluid 61028 328078
the residuals smaller than 10-4. The fluid time scale is set to as physical
Impellor 27972 115462 time scale which is 0.00002s. By using these values and changing the blade
angle, the model is solved and various contours are taken.
All Domains 89000 443540
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
2.4 Boundary Conditions Analysis of a turbine wheel for different blade angles of the turbocharger
is done, to study the behavior of velocity streamline and pressure at speed
After creating the mesh in ANSYS, the mesh is analyzed in the ANSYS CFX- 150km/hr and wheels of a turbocharger is at 15000 (rpm).
Pre for applying boundary conditions. The boundary condition is similar
to outlet blade angle, β = 650 of a turbine wheel. 3.1 Analysis of The Turbocharger Turbine Wheel

The Analysis of Turbine wheel at different outlet blade angles such as 65 0,

450 and 350 is done and discussion for each outlet blade angle as follows:

3.1.1 Case – I Outlet Blade Angle, Β2 = 650

Figure 12: Velocity streamline at β = 650

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

Figure 13: Pressure contour at β = 650

3.1.2 Case – II Outlet Blade Angle, Β = 450

Figure 14: Velocity streamline at β = 450

Figure 15: Pressure contour at β = 450

3.1.3 Case – III Outlet Blade Angle, Β = 350

Figure 16: Velocity streamline at β = 350

Figure 17: Pressure contour at β = 350

4. CONCLUSION angles. for turbine wheel outlet blade angle, β = 650,450 and 350.

Depend on the above analyses for turbine wheel is the important and main The following are the conclusion drawn from the results of Computational
component of the Turbocharger. The Details of the design and geometry Flow Analysis for the turbine wheel of a turbocharger:
specifications of the turbine wheel for a turbocharger were presented. The
analysis part project is done, with the help of computational fluid ➢ By observing the velocity streamline and the pressure contours. It
dynamics (CFD) which is one of the mostly used software to analyze the is concluded that, for outlet blade angle, β = 350 is more efficient
fluid flow phenomena. In this study ANSYS-CFX is used for the analysis of then outlet blade angles, β = 650 & 450. And outlet blade angle, β =
the turbine wheel of the turbocharger to the different types of blade 450 is more fluctuating than other blade angles.

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD) 41(3) (2018) 91-96

Wheel Quality Using Eddy Current Inspection. Cummins Turbo

➢ Therefore, it is recommended the outlet blade angle, β = 350 are Technologies (CTT), Huddersfield, UK, 2-10.
more efficient than other blade angles.
[3] Sawadi, A.S., Shkhair, M.M., Tilefih, R.J. 2018. Optimize and Analysis
REFERENCE Compressor Wheel of Turbo Charger.

[1] Kech, J., Hegner, R., Männle, T. 2014. Turbocharging: Key technology [4] Rafi, S.M., Rao, N.A.N. 2014. Structure Analysis of a Turbocharger
for high-performance engines. Engine technology, 1-5. Compressor Wheel Using FEA. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications, 4 (10), 157-159.
[2] Rose, J., Winwood, S. 2015. A Novel Approach for Improving Turbine

Cite The Article: Mohand Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Esmael Mohan, Hiyam Adil Habeeb (2018). Improving And Analysis Turbine Wheel Of Turbocharger For
High-Performance Engines . Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments, 41(3) : 91-96.
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