RPH Midterms - The Monastic Supremacy in The Phil.
RPH Midterms - The Monastic Supremacy in The Phil.
RPH Midterms - The Monastic Supremacy in The Phil.
Sto. GOVERNORS
University of Binondo Tumauini
Domingo
Santo Tomas, Church, Church, • They complain to the Spanish Monarch
Church,
Manila Manila Isabela
Intramuros THE KING
• The crown tries to investigate the friars
RECOLLECTS
INDIOS
• 1606: arrived in Cebu
• The lowest-ranked group in Spanish racial
• 1607: they took charge of
hierarchy
Bataan, Zambales and western
Pangasinan BISHOPS
• 1622: Pope Gregory XV declared the • Filipino priests were not allowed to ascend into
Recollects a congregation & Bishop Pedro de the higher positions of the Catholic Church
Arce of Cebu requested and they started to hierarchy
evangelize parts of Mindanao
• 1635: exchanged their small mission in Negros GOMBURZA
• 1679: Archbishop of Manila gave them • Execution: February 17, 1872 in Bagumbayan
Mindoro • Ordered by Gov. Rafael de Isquierdo
• 1687: took charge of Masbate
PROPAGANDIST
3. Economic Aspect
• The economic position of the Orders was
secured by their extensive landholdings
o Donated to them for the support of their
churches, schools, and other
establishments
o The largest landholders in the islands, with TAXATION DURING THE SPANISH PERIOD
their estates concentrated in the Central TAXES IMPOSED BY THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT IN THE
Luzon PHILIPPINES
*Additional* Taxes during the Spanish period was compulsory. All
Educational Aspect the Spanish Colonies in America and the Philippines
• The Friars owned different schools from the were required to pay taxes for two reasons.
primary to the tertiary level and took charge in 1. As recognition of Spain's Sovereignty over the
teaching, controlling, and maintaining the Colonies.
rules and regulations imposed to the students 2. To defray the expenses of pacification (The act
o Emphasized the teachings of the Catholic of forcibly suppressing hostility within the
religion colonies) and governance, thereafter.
o The Christian Doctrines were taught • Tributo
• The supposed Philippine education was • Sanctorum
privileged only to Spanish students, where • Donativo
there was prejudice against the Filipinos in the • Caja de Comunidad
schools. • Servicio Personal
- Several colonial laws on taxation were made by
MAIN ARGUMENTS the Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias
“Excerpt from Monastic Supremacy in the (Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies) for
Philippines” — primary source; book the Spanish monarch.
• “The personal security of the citizens is equally - These laws were embodied in the compilation
endangered by monastic power”. of legislations related to the New World called
• “Is the government sure of the sincerity of such the Recopilacion de leyes de los reynos de las
assistants? Is it sure that they will not debase Indias.
their commission?” - It was a four-volume collection of laws relating
• “The danger to national integrity is the friars’ to the Indies, which was published in Madrid in
hobby of imposing their preponderance in the 1861.
Philippines. Does such a peril really exist? Is the TRIBUTO
government sufficient to avert it? Is it thus that
- Tributo was a general tax paid by the Filipinos to
the Spanish government would perish without
Spain which amounted to eight reales. Those
their support?”
who were required to pay the tributo the:
MALONG'S REVOLT
Andres Malong was the maestro de campo of
Binalatongan, now San Carlos City, Pangasinan in
the 1660s. He assisted many Spaniards in governing
different towns in Pangasinan, and as such, had
learned and was trained to use force and cruelty.
He hoped of being the King of the province,
however, set this plan aside when a war, led by
Francisco Maniago, broke out in Pampanga.
Malong started his campaign in a small barangay
called Malunguey, but failed. Having the same
condition as in Pampanga, he led the people in
Pangasinan to take up arms against the Spaniards.
It spread like wild fire in Pangasinan. Because of his
success, he proclaimed himself King of Pangasinan.
a. Cedula Personales
CEDULA PERSONALES
Cedulas were first issued based on the Royal Decree
on March 6, 1884. All men and women residents of
the island- Spaniards, foreigners, and natives- who
were over 18 years old were required to obtain a
cedula. The only exceptions were the Chinese, who
paid another poll tax, the remontados d infieles,that
were not subject to local administration, and the
natives and colonist of the archipelago of Jolo and
of the islands of Balabac and Palawan.
Cedula