Module in Science 7: Department of Education Schools Division of Pasay City
Module in Science 7: Department of Education Schools Division of Pasay City
Module in Science 7: Department of Education Schools Division of Pasay City
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 7
Second Quarter/ Week 4 / Day 1
This module aims to discuss the parts and function of the plant and animal cell
using illustrations/video clips.
• All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of a living organism and where all life
processes are carried out. Animal cells and plant cells share the common components of nucleus,
cytoplasm, mitochondria and a cell membrane. Plant cells have three extra components,
a vacuole, chloroplast and a cell wall.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/znyycdm/articles/zmrtng
8
Animals are made up of millions of cells. Animal cells have an irregular structure and are made
up of four key parts:
Nucleus – This contains genetic material (DNA), and controls the cell's activity.
Cell membrane – A flexible layer that surrounds the cell and controls the substances that enter and exit.
Cytoplasm – A jelly-like substance where the chemical reactions happen.
Mitochondria – This is where energy is released from the food molecules.
Plants are also made up of millions of cells. Plant cells have a nucleus, cell membrane,
cytoplasm and mitochondria too, but they also contain the following structures:
Cell wall – A hard layer outside the cell membrane, containing cellulose to provide strength to the plant.
Vacuole – A space inside the cell that is used to store substances and help the cell keep its shape.
Chloroplasts – Structures that contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which are a key part of
photosynthesis.
References:
• Grade 9 Teachers Guide
• https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/backgrounders/plant-cell-structures-and-functionsScience Worktext for
Grade 9
Writers: Arlen S. Gatpo/ Rosanna N. Nilo/ Manolo G. Pena/ Gemma A. Pena/ Hellen M. Dizon/
Merie Gerlie V. Capiral/ Venny D. Alano
• https://www.diffen.com/difference/Animal_Cell_vs_Plant_Cell
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/15959638052181417
8/
Cell structures
1. Cell Wall: This is the rigid outermost layer of a plant cell. It makes the cell stiff -providing the cell
with mechanical support - and giving it protection. Animal cells do not have cell walls.
2. Cell Membrane: This is a protective layer that surrounds every cell and separates it from its
external environment. It is found just inside the cell wall and is made up of complex lipids (fats)
and proteins.
3. Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is a thick, aqueous (water-based) solution in which the organelles are
found. Substances such as salts, nutrients, minerals and enzymes (molecules involved in
metabolism) are dissolved in the cytoplasm.
4. Nucleus: The nucleus is the ‘control center’ of the cell. It contains Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),
the genetic material that directs all the activities of the cell. Only eukaryotic cells
have nuclei (plural for nucleus), prokaryotic cells do not. The nucleus is separated from the
cytoplasm by a specialized membrane called the
5. Nuclear membrane.
6. Ribosomes: These are little round structures that produce proteins. They are found in the
cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
7. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER is a membrane system of folded sacs and tunnels. The ER
helps move proteins within the cell as well as export them outside of the cell. There are two types
of endoplasmic reticulum.
8. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes.
9. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (no ribosomes)
10. Golgi body: The Golgi body is a stack of membrane-covered sacs that prepares proteins for
export from the cell.
11. Mitochondrion (plural mitochondria): This is the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell. It converts the energy
stored in food (sugar and fat) into energy-rich molecules that the cell can use (Adenosine
triphosphate – ATP for short).
12. Lysosome: The lysosome is the digestive center of a cell that produces many different types of
enzymes which are able to break down food particles and recycle worn out components of the cell.
13. Vacuoles: These are large membrane-enclosed compartments that store toxic wastes as well as
useful products such as water. These are mainly found in plants.
14. Chloroplast: Chloroplasts contain a green pigment that traps sunlight and converts it into sugars
by a process called photosynthesis. The sugars are a source of energy for the plants and the
animals that eat them.
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
ACTIVITY 1: COLOR ME
Color the image of a plant and animal cell and identify the parts.
Organelles Functions
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
Mitochondria
Nucleus
KEY POINTS
Animal cells have an irregular structure and are made up of four key parts:
Nucleus – This contains genetic material (DNA), and controls the cell's activity.
Cell membrane – A flexible layer that surrounds the cell and controls the
substances that enter and exit.
Cytoplasm – A jelly-like substance where the chemical reactions happen.
Mitochondria – This is where energy is released from the food molecules.
Plant cells have a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria too, but
they also contain the following structures:
Cell wall – A hard layer outside the cell membrane, containing cellulose to provide
strength to the plant.
Vacuole – A space inside the cell that is used to store substances and help the cell
keep its shape.
Chloroplasts – Structures that contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which are a key part of
photosynthesis.
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
EVALUATION
A. Use the word bank below to identify the cell structure being described.
_______ This is the rigid outermost layer of a _______ The green pigment that traps sunlight
plant cell. It makes the cell stiff -providing the and converts it into sugars by a process called
cell with mechanical support - and giving it photosynthesis.
protection.
_______These are large membrane-enclosed
_______ This is a protective layer that surrounds compartments that store toxic wastes as well as
every cell and separates it from its external useful products such as water.
environment
_______ The thick, aqueous (water-based) _______ This serves as the protective covering
solution in which the organelles are found. of vacuoles.
_______The ‘control center’ of the cell. _______This is the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell.
CELSA M. CHICO
PCCCANHS
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 7
Second Quarter/ Week 4 / Day 2
REFERENCES:
https://microbenotes.com/plant-cell-vs-animal-
cell/#:~:text=These%20organelles%20include%20the%20nucleus,and%20maintain%20its%20normal%20functions
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-plant-cell-373384
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvQNRyWIKws
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmgf0VDDlH8
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
The table below shows the difference between the plant and animal cell. Take a closer look and
analyze the difference.
Animal cells are also the basic Plant cells are basic functional
functional unit of life for animals units of plants constituting all cell
Definition constituting all cell organelles that organelles performing a variety of
perform a variety of functions to functions that support the plants’
support the animals’ metabolisms. metabolisms.
They are present in two types: They are present, in two types;
Endoplasmic reticulum rough endoplasmic and smooth rough and smooth endoplasmic
endoplasmic reticulum reticulum
Animal cells may have many small Plant cells have a large central
Vacuoles vacuoles, a lot smaller than the vacuole that can occupy up to
plant cell. 90% of the cell’s volume.
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
Present and it lies at the center of Present and it lies on the side of
Nucleus
the cell the cell
Present and its where all the cell Present, its where most of the cell
Cytosol
organelles are suspended organelles are suspended.
They have larger and fewer Golgi They have smaller but more Golgi
Golgi bodies bodies with their major function bodies with their major role being
being to process and package modification, processing, sorting
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
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Name: ___________________________________ Grade & Section: _____________________
Teacher: _________________________________
THINGS TO REMEMBER
EVALUATION
VENN DIAGRAM
Compare and contrast the plant and animal cells using a Venn Diagram.
CELSA M. CHICO
PCCCANHS
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
MODULE IN SCIENCE 7
SECOND QUARTER / WEEK 4 / DAY 3
OBJECTIVE: Identify the different scientists involved in the discovery of the cell
Romans
When Romans discovered they were able to make glass in the 1st century BC, things changed for the better!
What is a Theory?
A set of principles developed over time via multiple investigations.
The discovery of the cell was made through the invention of the microscope between 1665-1838.
Cell Theory
There are 3 major parts of the cell theory:
1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
3. The cell is the most basic unit of life.
Contributors
There are 6 contributors to the cell theory:
1. Hans and Zacharias Janssen
2. Robert Hooke
3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
4. Matthias Schleiden
5. Theodor Schwann
6. Rudolf Virchow
Each of the above contributors produced evidence through investigations and experiments that led
to today’s cell theory!
English Scientist
o Used the compound microscope to observe cork.
o Hooke observed that cork is composed of small, hollow compartments.
o The parts prompted Hooke to think of small rooms (cells) in a monastery, so he gave them the same
name: CELLS.
o Investigated cork through experimenting with the compound microscope and came up with
the name cells!
Key Note: Hooke discovered the cell in 1665, which started formulating the cell theory!
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1676)
Dutch Tradesman
o Study new approaches for creating lenses to observe cloth.
o Leeuwenhoek’s microscope was more powerful than Hooke’s compound microscope.
o From investigating and experimenting with his microscope, Leeuwenhoek became one of the first
scientists to refer to living cells when he observed an abundant number of single-celled organisms,
which he called animalcules (plant & animal), swimming in a drop of pond water!
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German Scientist
o Fascinated with plant cells, Schleiden used the compound microscope and studied plant cells.
o From investigating and experimenting with plants, projected plant parts are made of cells!
o Discussed what he observed with his dear friend, German scientist Theodor Schwann.
Theodor Schwann (1839)
German Scientist
o Studied plant & animal cells and was intrigued by the similarities between the two.
o From investigating and experimenting with plant & animal cells, Schwann was able to determine that
all animals are made of cells!
o Schwann published the 1st statement of the cell theory: all living things are made of cells and cell
products!
Rudolf Virchow (1855)
o Based on his investigations and experiments, he stated that all cells come from preexisting cells,
which is the 2nd part of the cell theory: all existing cells are produced by other living cells!
o Key Note: After Virchow’s completed his work, the cell theory was finally formulated in 1838!
References:
www.cpalms.org
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:13_Portrait_of_Robert_Hooke.JPG, accessed September 8, 2015
(Free Art License)
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anton_van_Leeuwenhoek.png (public domain – from NIH) Accessed
September 8, 2015.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Matthias_Jacob_Schleiden.jpg (public domain – copyright expired)
Accessed September 8, 2015.
Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TheodorSchwann.jpg (public domain – copyright
expired) Accessed September 8, 2015.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rudolf_Virchow_NLM10.jpg (public domain – copyright expired)
Accessed September 8, 2015.
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5bc278cf930ccd001b4a6a8f/cell-theory-scientists
randpbiology.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/3/1/22310962/cell_
http://www.slideshare.ne...ytimeandworksheet-2
https://www.gulfcoast.edu/current-students/academic-divisions/natural-sciences/biology-
project/origin-life/documents/8-cell-theory-historical-timeline-activitiy-dow-answer-key.pdf
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2. What instrument was necessary before the cell theory could be developed?
___________________________________________
2.) _______________________________________
3.) _______________________________________
4. How did the earlier scientists and their contributions directly affect the
discoveries of later scientists (see #2)? For example what had to come first?
2.) ______________________________________
3.) ______________________________________
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1500
1665
1676
1838
1839
1855
GENERALIZATION
There are 6 contributors to the cell theory:
1. Hans and Zacharias Janssen
2. Robert Hooke
3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
4. Matthias Schleiden
5. Theodor Schwann
6. Rudolf Virchow
Hans and Zacharias Janssen (1500)
o who produced first compound microscope (2 lenses)?
Robert Hooke (1665)
o came up with the name cells
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1676)
o referred to living cells called animalcules (plant & animal) after observing a drop of pond
water
Matthias Schleiden (1838)
o projected plant cells are made of cells
Theodor Schwann (1839)
o determined all animals are made of cells (1 st statement of the cell theory)
Rudolf Virchow (1855)
o stated all cells come from preexisting cells (2 nd statement of the cell theory)
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EVALUATION
I. Directions: For each of the dates listed below, identify the scientist and his
contribution to the cell theory.
1500 _______________________________________________________________
1665 _______________________________________________________________
1676 _______________________________________________________________
1838 _______________________________________________________________
1839 _______________________________________________________________
1855_______________________________________________________________
_______ 4. Who was the “scientist” who observed pond water and teeth scrapings in his
microscope?
a. Robert Hooke
b. Rudolf Virchow
c. Theodore Schwann
d. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Jeanilyn A. Baculna
Kalayaan National High School
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At the end of this module the learners will be able to: Examine the different cell specimens using links provided;
Cells can be thought of as tiny packages that contain minute factories, warehouses, transport systems, and power
plants. They function on their own, creating their own energy and self-replicating — the cell is the smallest unit of life
that can replicate. However, cells also communicate with each other and connect to create a solid, well stuck-together
animal. Cells build tissues, which form organs; and organs work together to keep the organism alive.
Robert Hook first discovered cells in 1665. He gave them their name because they resembled the cella (Latin for “small
rooms”) where monks lived in monasteries.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and contains parts called cellular organelles. Each cellular organelle has
a specific function. Some parts of a cell are involved in converting energy from nutrients in the food you eat into a form
of energy that the cell can use. Other parts of the cell are involved in storing the genetic information that serves as the
blueprint that makes you different from a gorilla or a hummingbird. Still other parts of a cell are responsible for building
the proteins that enable the cell to do its many tasks. Cells differ in shapes.
Resources:
Grade 7 Science Learners’ Materials: Living Things and their Environment pp. 87-94
Text Book: Capco, Carmelita and Gilbert C. Yang. (2001). You and the natural world: Biology
Website:
https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-biology-advanced-concepts/section/3.7/
https://www.medgadget.com/2018/11/global-stem-cell-therapy-market-latest-therapeutics-and-developments-comprehensive-research-insights-
2018.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxujitlv8wc, https://www.greenbiz.com/article/history-cellular-agriculture-and-future-food-too
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IlzKri08kk, https://www.ck12.org/c/life-science/organelles/lesson/Organelles-MS-LS/
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There are two cell types: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are usually single-celled and smaller than
eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are usually found in multicellular organisms, but there are some single-celled
eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (eq. bacterial cell). Eukaryotic
cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. This allows these cells to have complex functions (eq.
plants and animal cell).
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1. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? What makes the rough endoplasmic reticulum its "rough"
appearance? ________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What organelle consider as the control center of the cell? What makes it important? ______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the appearance of the Golgi apparatus? What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? ________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are lysosomes? What are their functions? ____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the function of mitochondria? Do all cells have the same number of mitochondria? How does the
number of mitochondria affect the cell? __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. What is cytosol? How does this differ from cytoplasm? _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
7. What is the function of a peroxisome? ___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
8. What is a secretory vesicle? Where are they made? What is their function? ______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Draw a eukaryotic cell with its organelle and label the parts. (Use another sheet of paper in performing this task)
10. Draw a prokaryotic cell with its organelle and label the parts. (Use another sheet of paper in performing this
task)
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Cell Technology in Medicine: Stem Cell Therapy Cell Technology in Agriculture: Cellular Agriculture
https://www.medgadget.com/2018/11/global-stem-cell-therapy https://www.greenbiz.com/article/history
-market-latest-therapeutics-and-developments-comprehensive -cellular-agriculture-and-future-food-too
-research-insights-2018.html
http://www.sfu.ca/~joshuav/KinderMorgan/industrial-page.html
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