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    Med Surg Cheat Sheet 1

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    Figmentum Figmentum
    This document provides a medical cheat sheet summarizing key electrolytes, lab values, vital signs, blood sugars, staging of pressure ulcers, and fluid classifications. It lists normal ranges and signs of abnormality for electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Common fluid types are defined as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic based on their osmotic properties and effects on fluid movement in and out of cells. Pressure ulcers are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage.

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    Med Surg Cheat Sheet 1

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    Figmentum Figmentum
    709 views1 page
    This document provides a medical cheat sheet summarizing key electrolytes, lab values, vital signs, blood sugars, staging of pressure ulcers, and fluid classifications. It lists normal ranges and signs of abnormality for electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Common fluid types are defined as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic based on their osmotic properties and effects on fluid movement in and out of cells. Pressure ulcers are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage.

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    This document provides a medical cheat sheet summarizing key electrolytes, lab values, vital signs, blood sugars, staging of pressure ulcers, and fluid classifications. It lists normal ranges and signs of abnormality for electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Common fluid types are defined as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic based on their osmotic properties and effects on fluid movement in and out of cells. Pressure ulcers are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    709 views1 page

    Med Surg Cheat Sheet 1

    Uploaded by

    Figmentum Figmentum
    This document provides a medical cheat sheet summarizing key electrolytes, lab values, vital signs, blood sugars, staging of pressure ulcers, and fluid classifications. It lists normal ranges and signs of abnormality for electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Common fluid types are defined as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic based on their osmotic properties and effects on fluid movement in and out of cells. Pressure ulcers are staged from 1 to 4 based on depth of tissue damage.

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    of 1

    MED/SURG CHEAT SHEET

    Electrolytes/Lab Normal Value S/S of Abnormality


    Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
    Sodium 135-145 LOC, Restlessness, Agitation
    Na Cl BUN
    Cerebral edema, nausea, seizures
    135-145 95-105 7-22 Glu Potassium 3.5-5 Muscle weakness, arrhythmias,

    1
    Renal Diagram
    K CO2 Cr 70-110 peaked T waves, wide QRS complex
    Ca Mg
    3.5-5.0 22-28 0.7-1.4 Muscle weakness, cramps, rhabdo
    8-10 1.5-2.5
    Magnesium 1.5-2.5 Deep tendon reflex, BP, HR,
    Phos muscle paralysis
    CBC
    2.5-4.5 Tetany, arrhythmias, (Torsades)
    Hgb
    Plt Calcium 8-10 Polyuria, polydypsia, muscle
    WBC 12-18
    200K-450K weakness
    5K-10K
    Hct Coagulation
    Tetany
    35-45 INR (Phosphorous &
    PT Phosphorous 2.5-4.5 Effects of Ca calcium are inversely
    Alb
    9-11 secs 0.9-1.8
    3.4-5.0 Liver Panel Effects of Ca proportional)
    PTT (2-3 if on Warfarin)
    AST ALT Ammonia 0-55 Encephalopathy
    25-35
    10-40
    Aphos 10-50 1.5-2.5x normal if on Heparin
    40-140 Insulins Name Onset Peak Duration
    Rapid Insulin Lispro 15-30 min 0.5-2.5hrs 3-6 hrs

    Normal Vital Signs Heart Rhythm Measurements (Humalog)


    Insulin Aspart 10-20 min 1-3 hrs 3-5 hrs
    BP <120 mmHg Systolic PR Interval 0.12-0.2 secs (Novolog)
    <80 mmHg Diastolic QRS Complex 0.06-0.12 secs Insulin Glargine 10-15 min 1-1.5 hrs 3-5 hrs
    QT Interval 0.4 secs
    HR 60-100 Short Regular Insulin 30-60 min 1-5 hrs 6-10 hrs
    Intermediate NPH Insulin 1-2hrs 6-14 hrs 16-24 hrs
    RR 12-20
    Long Insulin Glargine 70 min None 18-24 hrs
    O2 90%-100% Blood Sugars
    (Lantus)
    88%-92% for COPD Hot & dry —> Sugar high
    Insulin Detemir 1-2 hrs 2-24 hrs Varies
    Cold & clammy —> needs candy
    Temp 97.8 F-99 F
    Staging Pressure Ulcers
    O2 Delivery Devices
    Stage 1 — Non-blanch-able reddened area
    Nasal Cannula 1-6 LPM Low-flow device. Used for stable patients. Extended use can be drying, may
    — Intact Skin
    add humidity
    Stage 2 — Partial thickness skin loss
    Simple Mask 6-10 LPM Low-flow device. Used for stable patients with consistent respiratory rate
    involving epidermis, dermis, or both
    No rebreather Mask 10-15 LPM Delivered up to 100% oxygen. One way flaps prevent room air form collecting
    — May present as a blister or abrasion
    within the mask during inspiration, & retention of CO2 during exhalation
    Stage 3 — Full thickness skin loss
    — Involves damage to or necrosis of
    Fluid & Electrolytes: Monitor patients with severe diarrhea &/or vomiting
    sub-q tissue
    Intravascular: fluid inside the blood vessel for electrolyte imbalances
    Stage 4 — Full thickness skin loss
    Intracellular: fluid inside the cell (most of the body’s fluids) — Involving bone, tendon, or muscle
    Extracellular: fluid outside the cell (interstitial fluid [fluid between the cell], blood, bone, connective tissue, water) showing
    Unstageable — Full thickness with slough (scabbing)
    Isotonic 0.9% NS, D5W, Lactated Ringers (LR) No osmotic force = water doesn’t move in or out of cells or escher (necrotic tissue)
    Hypotonic 0.45% NS, 0.33% NS More dilute solutions (more water than solute) = water
    moves into cells—> monitor for edema
    Hypertonic 3% NS, 5% NS, D10W, D5W with 1/2 NS More concentrated solution (more solute than water) = water moves out of cells
    D5LR
    Colloid Dextran, Albumin Fluid moves from interstitial to intravascular compartment —> given for severe hypovolemia

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