004 Conditionals

4
Supplementary
Worksheet
Foreign Language Department

Demonstration School
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University
CONDITIONALS
Name……………………………………..…………No…………..….Class ………….……
English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 1|7

CONDITIONALS
What are conditionals in English grammar?
Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'. They describe the result of something that
might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the
past). They are made using different English verb tenses.
Zero Conditional
We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one
in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):
If + present simple,…….present simple.
This conditional is used when the result will always happen. So, if water
reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one
particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.
The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing
the meaning.
For example:
If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.

(It is always true, there can't be a different result sometimes).
If I eat peanuts, I am sick.
(This is true only for me, maybe, not for everyone, but it's still true that
I'm sick every time I eat peanuts)
Here are some more examples:

• If people eat too much, they get fat.
• If you touch a fire, you get burned.
• People die if they don't eat.
• You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
• Snakes bite if they are scared.
• If babies are hungry, they cry.

The First Conditional
The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future
simple in the other clause:
If + present simple, …...will + infinitive
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we
can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things,
which could easily come true.
Here are some more examples:
• If it rains, I won't go to the park.

• If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
• She'll be late if the train is delayed.
• She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
• If I see her, I'll tell her.
First vs. Zero Conditional

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero
conditional describes what happens in general.
For example (zero conditional): if you sit in the sun, you get burned (here I'm
talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural
consequence of the sitting)
But (first conditional): if you sit in the sun, you'll get burned (here I'm
talking about what will happen today, another day might be different)

The Second Conditional
The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:
If + past simple,……...would + infinitive
*** We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in
formal writing.
How to use
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not
going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house. (I probably won't win the
lottery)
• If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
• She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
• She would pass the exam if she ever studied. (She never studies, so this
won't happen)
Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is

impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look at the examples:
• If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's
impossible for me to call him).
• If I were you, I wouldn't go out with the stranger.
How is this different from the first conditional?

This kind of conditional sentence is different from the first conditional
because this is a lot more unlikely.
For example (second conditional): If I had enough money, I would buy a
house with twenty bedrooms and a swimming pool (I'm probably not going to have
this much money, it's just a dream, not very real)
But (first conditional): If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes (It's
much more likely that I'll have enough money to buy some shoes)

EXERCISE 1 : Make the zero conditional.
For example:
(not / rain / the flowers / die)

If it doesn’t rain, the flowers die.
1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)

__________________________________________________
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
__________________________________________________
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
__________________________________________________
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
__________________________________________________
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
__________________________________________________
For example:
he / get a headache / he / use the computer too much
He gets a headache if he uses the computer too much.
6. (I / feel good the next day / I / go to bed early)

__________________________________________________
7. (lots of people / come / Jenny / have a party)
__________________________________________________
8. (she / buy expensive clothes / she / go shopping)
__________________________________________________
9. (my daughter / pass her exams / she / work hard)
__________________________________________________
10. (David / be sick / he / drink milk)
__________________________________________________

EXERCISE 2 : Make the first conditional.
1. If we___________ (go) on holiday this summer, we ___________

(go) to Spain.
2. If the weather___________ (not/improve) , we___________
(not/have) a picnic.
3. They___________ (go) to the party if they___________
(be) invited.
4. If I___________ (not/go) to bed early, I___________ (be) tired
tomorrow.
5. If we ___________ (eat) all this cake, we ___________ (feel) sick.
6. I ___________ (buy) a new dress if I___________ (have) enough
money.
7. She___________ (cook) dinner if you ___________ (go) to the
supermarket.
8. They ___________ (go) on holiday if they___________
(have) time.
9. We___________ (be) late if we___________ (not/hurry).
10. She___________ (take) a taxi if it___________ (rain).
EXERCISE 3 : Make the second conditional.
1. If I___________ (be) you, I ___________ (get) a new job.

2. If he___________ (be) younger, he ___________ (travel) more.
3. If we___________ (win) the lottery, we ___________
(travel) around the world.
4. If you___________ (speak) perfect English, you ___________
(get) a good job.
5. If she___________ (pass) this exam, she ___________ (be) able to
enter university.
6. we___________ (buy) a house If we___________ (decide) to stay
here.
7. we__________ (come) for dinner If we ___________ (have) time.
8. She___________ (call) him If she ___________ (have) his phone
number.
9. He___________ (pass) the exam If ___________ (study) more.
10. You___________ (lose) weight If you ___________ (eat) less.

Reference:
สำรำญ คำยิ่ง. Advance English Grammar for High Learners. 2533. ห้ำงหุ้นส่วน
จำกัด ชุติมำกำรพิมพ์, กรุงเทพ. 656 น.
Hewings, M. 2008. Advance Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press.
Dubai. 294 p.
Sara, B. and G. Mackie. 2007. Basic Grammar Expert. CTBS. China. 111 p.
Hewings, Martin. (2005). Advanced Grammar in Use. Dubai; Oriental Press
Vince, Michael. (2003). Elementary Language Practice. Malaysia; Macmillan
www.trueplookpanya.com

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4

Foreign Language Department

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 1|7

What are conditionals in English grammar?

If + present simple,…….present simple.

If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.

Here are some more examples:

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 2|7

If + present simple, …...will + infinitive

Here are some more examples:

• If it rains, I won't go to the park.

First vs. Zero Conditional

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 3|7

If + past simple,……...would + infinitive

Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is

How is this different from the first conditional?

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 4|7

(not / rain / the flowers / die)

1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)

he / get a headache / he / use the computer too much

He gets a headache if he uses the computer too much.

6. (I / feel good the next day / I / go to bed early)

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 5|7

1. If we___________ (go) on holiday this summer, we ___________

EXERCISE 3 : Make the second conditional.

1. If I___________ (be) you, I ___________ (get) a new job.

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 6|7

English Supplementary w orksheet: P. 6: Page 7|7

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1. If we_ (go) on holiday this summer, we _

1. If I_ (be) you, I _ (get) a new job.