29 Ethyl Acetate LQ

LabQuest
The Base Hydrolysis

29
of Ethyl Acetate
The reaction of ethyl acetate and hydroxide ions yields ethanol and acetate ions, as shown below.
CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + OH– (aq) → CH3CH2OH (aq) + CH3COO– (aq)
The progress of this reaction can be observed by monitoring the conductivity of the reaction
mixture. Although the reactants and products each contain an ion, the OH– ion has a higher ionic
mobility than the CH3COO– ion. This results in a net decrease in the conductivity of the reaction
mixture as the reaction proceeds.
Ethyl acetate is the major active ingredient in commercial acetone-free, nail-polish removers.
The molar concentration of CH3COOC2H5 in this product is 0.10 M. You can successfully use
one of these over-the-counter products in this experiment. The primary objective of this
experiment is to conduct a series of reactions from which you will determine the rate law
expression for the base hydrolysis of ethyl acetate.
OBJECTIVES
In this experiment, you will
 Conduct the base hydrolysis of ethyl acetate under various conditions.
 Calculate the rate law constant, k, for the reaction.
 Determine the rate law expression for the reaction.
Figure 1
MATERIALS
LabQuest stirring bar or Microstirrer
LabQuest App utility clamp
Vernier Conductivity Probe distilled water
Vernier Stir Station 10 mL graduated cylinder
or magnetic stirrer and ring stand two 50 mL graduated cylinders
0.010 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH, solution 250 mL beaker
0.10 M ethyl acetate, CH3COOC2H5, solution two 100 mL beakers
Advanced Chemistry with Vernier 29 - 1

LabQuest 29
PROCEDURE
1. Obtain and wear goggles.
2. Set the selector switch on the side of the Conductivity Probe to the 0–2000 µS/cm range.
Connect the Conductivity Probe to LabQuest and choose New from the File menu. If you
have an older sensor that does not auto-ID, manually set up the sensor.
3. Change the data-collection rate to 0.5 samples/second and the length to 180 seconds.
4. During the experiment you will conduct three trials. This step describes the process for
conducting Trial 1. When you repeat this process, use the correct volumes for each trial
based on the table below.
CH3COOC2H5
Trial NaOH (mL) H2O (mL)
(mL)
1 20.0 2.0 28.0
2 40.0 2.0 8.0
3 20.0 4.0 26.0
a. Use a utility clamp to connect the Conductivity Probe to the post of a Stir Station or a ring
stand as shown in Figure 1.
b. Measure 20.0 mL of NaOH solution and 28.0 mL of distilled water into a 100 mL beaker.
Carefully place a stirring bar in the beaker of solution. Place the beaker on the platform of
the Stir Station, or on the magnetic stirrer.
c. Position the Conductivity Probe in the 100 mL beaker so that the opening near the tip of
the probe is completely immersed in the solution and the stirring bar will not strike the
probe. Record the initial conductivity of the NaOH solution in your data table, but do not
start the data collection.
d. Turn on the Stir Station to setting 5 or 6 (moderate stirring, small vortex).
e. Measure out 2.0 mL of CH3COOC2H5 solution.
f. Start data collection. Add the 2.0 mL of CH3COOC2H5 solution to the beaker of NaOH
solution. Data will be collected for three minutes.
5. When the data collection is complete, dispose of the contents of the beaker as directed. Rinse
and clean the beaker and the Conductivity Probe for the second trial.
6. Examine the graph of your data. The graph will show a gradual, nonlinear, conductivity
decrease.
7. Determine the initial rate of the reaction.

a. Select a linear region during the first minute of the data collection that is 20–30 seconds in
duration. Select the first data point of the region and drag across the area to select a region
that is 20–30 seconds in length.
b. Choose Curve Fit from the Analyze menu.
c. Select Linear as the Fit Equation.
d. Record the slope, in your data table, as the initial rate for the reaction and select OK.
8. Repeat Steps 4–7 to conduct Trials 2 and 3.
29 - 2 Advanced Chemistry with Vernier

The Base Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate
DATA TABLE
Initial conductivity Initial rate
Trial [NaOH] [CH3COOC2H5] of NaOH solution (μS/cm)/s)
(μS/cm)
DATA ANALYSIS
1. What is the order of the reaction in sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate? Explain how you
determined order for each reactant.
2. Write the rate law expression for the reaction.
3. Convert conductivity to molar concentration by using the initial conductivity of the NaOH
solution as a conversion factor. Convert each initial rate into the units: moles/L/s. For
example, if the initial conductivity of the NaOH solution was 2000 μS/cm and initial rate was
5.0 μS /cm/s, you would convert the rate to moles/L/s by completing the following
calculation: Rate = 5.0 μS/cm/s  [(0.005 mol/L)/(2000 μS/cm)] = 1.25  10–5 mol/L/s. Use
these new values to calculate the rate constant, k.
Advanced Chemistry with Vernier 29 - 3

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LabQuest

The Base Hydrolysis

Advanced Chemistry with Vernier 29 - 1

7. Determine the initial rate of the reaction.

29 - 2 Advanced Chemistry with Vernier

2. Write the rate law expression for the reaction.

Advanced Chemistry with Vernier 29 - 3

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