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    Frame Relay Is A Standardized

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    laur
    Frame Relay is a packet switching WAN technology that specifies the physical and data link layers for digital telecommunications. It is commonly used to connect LANs over a WAN and is less expensive than leased lines. Frame Relay uses data link connection identifiers (DLCIs) as 10-bit virtual circuit identifiers to multiplex frames onto physical circuits. Only numbers 16 to 1007 are available for end users' DLCIs.

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    Frame Relay Is A Standardized

    Uploaded by

    laur
    31 views3 pages
    Frame Relay is a packet switching WAN technology that specifies the physical and data link layers for digital telecommunications. It is commonly used to connect LANs over a WAN and is less expensive than leased lines. Frame Relay uses data link connection identifiers (DLCIs) as 10-bit virtual circuit identifiers to multiplex frames onto physical circuits. Only numbers 16 to 1007 are available for end users' DLCIs.

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    Frame Relay

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    Frame Relay

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    Frame Relay is a packet switching WAN technology that specifies the physical and data link layers for digital telecommunications. It is commonly used to connect LANs over a WAN and is less expensive than leased lines. Frame Relay uses data link connection identifiers (DLCIs) as 10-bit virtual circuit identifiers to multiplex frames onto physical circuits. Only numbers 16 to 1007 are available for end users' DLCIs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views3 pages

    Frame Relay Is A Standardized

    Uploaded by

    laur
    Frame Relay is a packet switching WAN technology that specifies the physical and data link layers for digital telecommunications. It is commonly used to connect LANs over a WAN and is less expensive than leased lines. Frame Relay uses data link connection identifiers (DLCIs) as 10-bit virtual circuit identifiers to multiplex frames onto physical circuits. Only numbers 16 to 1007 are available for end users' DLCIs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Frame Relay

    Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies


    the physical and data link layers of digital telecommunications channels using a packet
    switching methodology. Originally designed for transport across Integrated Services Digital
    Network (ISDN) infrastructure, it may be used today in the context of many other network interfaces.
    Network providers commonly implement Frame Relay for voice (VoFR) and data as
    an encapsulation technique used between local area networks (LANs) over a wide area
    network (WAN). Each end-user gets a private line (or leased line) to a Frame Relay node. The Frame
    Relay network handles the transmission over a frequently changing path transparent to all end-user
    extensively used WAN protocols. It is less expensive than leased lines and that is one reason for its
    popularity. The extreme simplicity of configuring user equipment in a Frame Relay network offers
    another reason for Frame Relay's popularity.
    With the advent of Ethernet over fiber optics, MPLS, VPN and dedicated broadband services
    such as cable modem and DSL, the end may loom for the Frame Relay protocol and
    encapsulation.[speculation?] However many rural areas remain lacking DSL and cable modem services. In
    such cases, the least expensive type of non-dial-up connection remains a 64-kbit/s Frame Relay line.
    Thus a retail chain, for instance, may use Frame Relay for connecting rural stores into their corporate
    WAN.
    A data link connection identifier (DLCI) is a Frame Relay 10 bit wide link-local virtual circuit
    identifier used to assign frames to a specific PVC or SVC. Frame Relay networks use DLCIs
    to statistically multiplex frames. DLCIs are preloaded into each switch and act as road signs to the
    traveling frames.[1]
    The standard allows the existence of 1024 DLCIs. DLCI 0 reserved for ANSI/q993a LMI
    standard - only numbers 16 to 976 are usable for end-user equipment. DLCI 1023 is reserved
    for Cisco LMI - however, the numbers usable are from 16 to 1007. [2]
    In summary, only numbers from 16 to 1007 are available for end users' equipment (If using
    Cisco LMI). The rest are reserved for various management purposes. [3] DLCI are Layer 2 Addresses
    that are locally significant. No two devices have the same DLCI mapped to its interface in one frame
    relay cloud.
    DTE or DCE?
    Devices that communicate over a serial interface are divided into two classes: DTE
    and DCE. The most important difference between these types of devices is that the DCE
    device supplies the clock signal that paces the communications on the bus. The
    documentation provided with the device should indicate whether it is DTE or DCE (some
    devices have a jumper to select either mode). If you cannot find the information in the
    documentation, use the following general guidelines to help you select the proper class:
    DTE DCE Selectable DTE or DCE*
    Terminals, Data Service Unit/Channel
    Device Service Unit (DSU/CSU), Multiplexors Modems Hubs, Routers
    Gender Male Female Either
    * Selectable devices usually have a jumper, switch, or software command used to select DTE
    or DCE.

    Realizarea unei conexiuni intre 3 routere:

     Intre cloud si routere se foloseste cablu serial DCE, cu DCE in cloud si DTE pe router.
     La fiecare router se ataseaza cate un PC cu cablu cross-over; Se fac trei retele diferite.
     Se configureaza retelele si routerele astfel incat sa fie cnectivitate intre ele.
     La interfetele dinspre cloud se da encapsulation frame-relay, se seteaza subinterfete, cu
    comanda int se0/2.301 point-to-point, dupa care se pun IP-urile.
     Se stabilesc DLCI pentru fiecare retea.

    Router(config)#int se2/0.302 point-to-point


    Router(config-subif)#
    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0.302, changed state to up

    %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0.302, changed state to up

    Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.10.2.2 255.255.255.0


    Router(config-subif)#bandwith 64
    Router(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 302
     La cloud se seteaza interface si frame-relay sa corespunda cu diagrama.

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