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    Experiment Vii To Prepare A Temporary Mount of Onion Root Tip To Study Mitosis

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    Anonymous ceYk4p4
    The document describes an experiment to prepare a temporary mount of an onion root tip to study mitosis. The aim is to visualize the chromosomes and stages of cell division under a microscope. Key steps include growing onion roots, fixing and hydrolyzing root tip cells, staining with acetocarmine, squashing the root tip between a slide and coverslip, and observing under the microscope. The main stages of mitosis—interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis—can be distinguished by characteristics like chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, and separation of chromatids.

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    Experiment Vii To Prepare A Temporary Mount of Onion Root Tip To Study Mitosis

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous ceYk4p4
    43K views4 pages
    The document describes an experiment to prepare a temporary mount of an onion root tip to study mitosis. The aim is to visualize the chromosomes and stages of cell division under a microscope. Key steps include growing onion roots, fixing and hydrolyzing root tip cells, staining with acetocarmine, squashing the root tip between a slide and coverslip, and observing under the microscope. The main stages of mitosis—interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis—can be distinguished by characteristics like chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, and separation of chromatids.

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    Experiment Vii to Prepare a Temporary Mount of Onion Root Tip to Study Mitosis

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    The document describes an experiment to prepare a temporary mount of an onion root tip to study mitosis. The aim is to visualize the chromosomes and stages of cell division under a microscope. Key steps include growing onion roots, fixing and hydrolyzing root tip cells, staining with acetocarmine, squashing the root tip between a slide and coverslip, and observing under the microscope. The main stages of mitosis—interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis—can be distinguished by characteristics like chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, and separation of chromatids.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    43K views4 pages

    Experiment Vii To Prepare A Temporary Mount of Onion Root Tip To Study Mitosis

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous ceYk4p4
    The document describes an experiment to prepare a temporary mount of an onion root tip to study mitosis. The aim is to visualize the chromosomes and stages of cell division under a microscope. Key steps include growing onion roots, fixing and hydrolyzing root tip cells, staining with acetocarmine, squashing the root tip between a slide and coverslip, and observing under the microscope. The main stages of mitosis—interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis—can be distinguished by characteristics like chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, and separation of chromatids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    MODERN PUBLIC SCHOOL , YAMUNAPURAM , BULANDSHAHR

    XII BIOLOGY (2021-22)

    EXPERIMENT – VII

    DEMONSTRATED BY – DR. BHARTINDER RAJPUT

    Aim – To prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis .

    Material Required – Onion plant with root , acetocarmine stain , 1 N HCl , methyl alcohol and
    acetic acid , conical flask , petridishes , scissors , forceps , needle , distilled water , spirit lamp ,
    microscope , slides , cover slip , blotting paper .

    Theory : The genetic information of all organisms resides in the individual DNA molecules or
    chromosomes . An onion cell possess 8 chromosomes .

    An onion root tip is a rapidly growing part of the onion and thus many cells will be in different
    stages of mitosis . The onion root tips can be prepared and squashed in a way that allows them
    to be flattened on a microscopic slide , so that the chromosomes of individual cells can be
    observed easily . The super coiled chromosomes during different stages of mitosis present in
    the onion root tip cells can be visualized by treating with DNA specific stains like Acetocarmine .

    Procedure

    1. Take a medium sized bulb of onion and trim off the old roots from the base by means of
    a sharp blade .
    2. Place the onion on a conical flask/glass full of water , with it’s base touching the water .
    Keep it for a 3-4 days to grow the roots .
    3. Cut 5 mm off the tips of roots and put them into a vial containing the mixture of 1:3
    acetic acid and methanol . Keep for one hour . This process is called fixation .
    4. Remove 2 or 3 root tips and hydrolyse them by warming to 60 degree celcius in 1 N HCl
    for 15 minutes .
    5. Remove the root tips and wash them thoroughly in water .
    6. Place a drop of acetocarmine on a slide . Put one hydrolysed root tip in a dropand place
    a coverslip on the root .
    7. Gently squash the root by tapping the coverslips with the blunt end of a pencil until the
    cells separate and spreads out into a very thin layer .
    8. Make sure that there are no air bubbles .
    9. Observe first under low power of the microscope to locate the dividing cells . Examine
    the different stages of mitosis under the high power of the microscope .
    Observation :

    Under the low power of the microscope rectangular cells with the pink nucleus are seen and
    under the high power of the microscope following stages become distinct :

    1. Interphase :
    a. Interphase is also called the resting phase . It’s the longest phase .
    b. Replication of the DNA takes place during this phase .
    c. The chromosomes are thinly coiled .
    d. Presence of nucleolus and nuclear membrane .
    2. Prophase :
    a. The chromatin appears as a network of fine threads , if cell is in the early stage of
    prophase then the chromatin fibres are very thin , while the cells at late prophase
    shows thick chromatin fibres .
    b. Spindle formation is initiated .
    c. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus start disappearing at the later stage .
    3. Metaphase :
    a. Disappearance of nucleolus and nuclear membrane .
    b. Chromosomes are their at maximum condensed state with 2 chromatids joined at
    their centromere .
    c. Spindle formation is complete .
    d. The chromosomes align in the equatorial position of the spindle and form the
    equatorial plate that is at the right angle to spindle axis .
    e. The centromeres are arranged exactly at the equatorial plate .
    4. Anaphase :
    a. The centromere of the chromosome divides and two chromatids of each pair
    separate .
    b. Each chromatid now represents a separate chromosomes and it start moving
    towards the opposite poles .
    5. telophase :
    a. chromosomes reach the opposite poles and look like a mass of chromatin .
    b. the new nuclear membrane starts to reappear around each set of chromosomes .
    c. the nucleolus is reorganized .
    6. cytokinesis :
    a. in plants a cell plate is formed in the middle after th telophase , finally dividing the
    cells into two .
    Precaution :

    1. The base of the onion bulb should be in contact of water while growing the roots .
    2. The slides should be warmed gently much above the flame of the spirit lamp .

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