Republic of the Philippines

NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Course Code : COR AD. 103

Descriptive Title : Therapeutic Modality
Term and Academic Year : 1st Semester, AY 2021-2022
Department and Year Level : BS. CRIM. 4 (A, B & C)
Professor : APRIL BLASS S. DELA CRUZ

Module 2
Treatment and Rehabilitation of Prisoners/ Inmates/ PDL’s

I. Introduction
In this lesson, you shall learn and understand offer treatment plans as comprehensive as those found at centers.
Treatment often comprises a structured detoxification phase, psychotherapy and support group meetings.
Community treatment services provide continued care to individuals released from prison who enter halfway
houses or home confinement. Through the program, certified addiction specialists and specialized agencies offer services
such as crisis management and mental health therapy. Also they learn the Minimum standard on the treatment of PDL’s
and how they can recover under this PPA and the supervision of VPA’s.

Time Frame 12 hours Date of Submission:

II. Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this lesson, you must have:

1. understand the minimum standard in treatment of the Prisoner’s under the TC,
2. explained the rehabilitation programs for therapeutic community,
3. identified the salient features of TC for treatment program.

III. Learning Contents

Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners under the U.N.

Rules of general application

Basic principle
The following rules shall be applied impartially. There shall be no discrimination on grounds of race, colour, sex,
language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
On the other hand, it is necessary to respect the religious beliefs and moral precepts of the group to which a
prisoner belongs.

Register
In every place where persons are imprisoned there shall be kept a bound registration book with numbered pages
in which shall be entered in respect of each prisoner received:
( a ) Information concerning his identity;
( b ) The reasons for his commitment and the authority therefor;
( c ) The day and hour of his admission and release.
No person shall be received in an institution without a valid commitment order of which the details shall have
been previously entered in the register.

Separation of categories
The different categories of prisoners shall be kept in separate institutions or parts of institutions taking account of
their sex, age, criminal record, the legal reason for their detention and the necessities of their treatment. Thus,

( a ) Men and women shall so far as possible be detained in separate institutions; in an institution which receives
both men and women the whole of the premises allocated to women shall be entirely separate;
( b ) Untried prisoners shall be kept separate from convicted prisoners;
( c ) Persons imprisoned for debt and other civil prisoners shall be kept separate from persons imprisoned by
reason of a criminal offence;
( d ) Young prisoners shall be kept separate from adults.

Accommodation

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Where sleeping accommodation is in individual cells or rooms, each prisoner shall occupy by night a cell or room
by himself. If for special reasons, such as temporary overcrowding, it becomes necessary for the central prison
administration to make an exception to this rule, it is not desirable to have two prisoners in a cell or room.
Where dormitories are used, they shall be occupied by prisoners carefully selected as being suitable to associate
with one another in those conditions. There shall be regular supervision by night, in keeping with the nature of the
institution.
All accommodation provided for the use of prisoners and in particular all sleeping accommodation shall meet all
requirements of health, due regard being paid to climatic conditions and particularly to cubic content of air, minimum floor
space, lighting, heating and ventilation. In all places where prisoners are required to live or work.

Personal hygiene
Prisoners shall be required to keep their persons clean, and to this end they shall be provided with water and with
such toilet articles as are necessary for health and cleanliness.
In order that prisoners may maintain a good appearance compatible with their self-respect, facilities shall be
provided for the proper care of the hair and beard, and men shall be enabled to shave regularly.

Clothing and bedding

Every prisoner who is not allowed to wear his own clothing shall be provided with an outfit of clothing suitable for
the climate and adequate to keep him in good health. Such clothing shall in no manner be degrading or humiliating.
All clothing shall be clean and kept in proper condition. Underclothing shall be changed and washed
as often as necessary for the maintenance of hygiene. In exceptional circumstances, whenever a prisoner is removed
outside the institution for an authorized purpose, he shall be allowed to wear his own clothing or other inconspicuous
clothing.
If prisoners are allowed to wear their own clothing, arrangements shall be made on their admission
to the institution to ensure that it shall be clean and fit for use. Every prisoner shall, in accordance with local or national
standards, be provided with a separate bed, and with separate and sufficient bedding which shall be clean when issued,
kept in good order and changed often enough to ensure its cleanliness.

Food
Every prisoner shall be provided by the administration at the usual hours with food of nutritional value adequate
for health and strength, of wholesome quality and well prepared and served. Drinking water shall be available to every
prisoner whenever he needs it.

Exercise and sport

Every prisoner who is not employed in outdoor work shall have at least one hour of suitable exercise in the open
air daily if the weather permits.
Young prisoners, and others of suitable age and physique, shall receive physical and recreational training during
the period of exercise. To this end space, installations and equipment should be provided.

Medical services
At every institution there shall be available the services of at least one qualified medical officer who should have
some knowledge of psychiatry. The medical services should be organized in close relationship to the general health
administration of the community or nation. They shall include a psychiatric service for the diagnosis and, in proper cases,
the treatment of states of mental abnormality.
Sick prisoners who require specialist treatment shall be transferred to specialized institutions or to civil hospitals.
Where hospital facilities are provided in an institution, their equipment, furnishings and pharmaceutical supplies shall be
proper for the medical care and treatment of sick prisoners, and there shall be a staff of suitable trained officers.

Discipline and punishment

Discipline and order shall be maintained with firmness, but with no more restriction than is
necessary for safe custody and well-ordered community life.
No prisoner shall be employed, in the service of the institution, in any disciplinary capacity. This rule shall not,
however, impede the proper functioning of systems based on self-government, under which specified social, educational or
sports activities or responsibilities are entrusted, under supervision, to prisoners who are formed into groups for the
purposes of treatment.

The following shall always be determined by the law or by the regulation of the competent administrative
authority:
( a ) Conduct constituting a disciplinary offence;
( b ) The types and duration of punishment which may be inflicted;
( c ) The authority competent to impose such punishment.
No prisoner shall be punished except in accordance with the terms of such law or regulation, and never twice for
the same offence.
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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Please visit this web. for further information.(The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment
https://www.unodc.org › justice-and-prison-reform)

Rules applicable to special categories

Prisoners under sentence

Guiding principles
The guiding principles hereafter are intended to show the spirit in which penal institutions should be administered
and the purposes at which they should aim, in accordance with the declaration made under Preliminary Observation 1 of
the present text.
Imprisonment and other measures which result in cutting off an offender from the outside world are afflictive by
the very fact of taking from the person the right of self-determination by depriving him of his liberty. Therefore the prison
system shall not, except as incidental to justifiable segregation or the maintenance of discipline, aggravate the suffering
inherent in such a situation.
The purpose and justification of a sentence of imprisonment or a similar measure deprivative of liberty is
ultimately to protect society against crime. This end can only be achieved if the period of imprisonment is used to ensure,
so far as possible, that upon his return to society the offender is not only willing but able to lead a law-abiding and self-
supporting life.
To this end, the institution should utilize all the remedial, educational, moral, spiritual and other forces and forms
of assistance which are appropriate and available, and should seek to apply them according to the individual treatment
needs of the prisoners.

Classification and individualization

The purposes of classification shall be:

To separate from others those prisoners who, by reason of their criminal records or bad characters, are likely to
exercise a bad influence;
To divide the prisoners into classes in order to facilitate their treatment with a view to their social rehabilitation.

So far as possible separate institutions or separate sections of an institution shall be used for the treatment of the
different classes of prisoners. As soon as possible after admission and after a study of the personality of each prisoner with
a sentence of suitable length, a programme of treatment shall be prepared for him in the light of the
knowledge obtained about his individual needs, his capacities and dispositions.

Privileges
Systems of privileges appropriate for the different classes of prisoners and the different methods of treatment
shall be established at every institution, in order to encourage good conduct, develop a sense of responsibility and secure
the interest and co-operation of the prisoners in their treatment.

Work
Prison labour must not be of an afflictive nature. All prisoners under sentence shall be required to work, subject to
their physical and mental fitness as determined by the medical officer.
Sufficient work of a useful nature shall be provided to keep prisoners actively employed for a normal working day.
So far as possible the work provided shall be such as will maintain or increase the prisoners, ability to earn an honest living
after release. Vocational training in useful trades shall be provided for prisoners able to profit thereby and especially for
young prisoners. Within the limits compatible with proper vocational selection and with the requirements of institutional
administration and discipline, the prisoners shall be able to choose the type of work they wish to perform. Government the
full normal wages for such work shall be paid to the administration by the persons to whom the labour is supplied, account
being taken of the output of the prisoners.

Education and recreation

Provision shall be made for the further education of all prisoners capable of profiting thereby, including religious
instruction in the countries where this is possible. The education of illiterates and young prisoners shall be compulsory and
special attention shall be paid to it by the administration.
So far as practicable, the education of prisoners shall be integrated with the educational system of the country so
that after their release they may continue their education without difficulty. Recreational and cultural activities shall be
provided in all institutions for the benefit of the mental and physical health of prisoners.

Social relations and after-care

Special attention shall be paid to the maintenance and improvement of such relations between a prisoner and his
family as are desirable in the best interests of both. From the beginning of a prisoner's sentence consideration shall be
given to his future after release and he shall be encouraged and assisted to maintain or establish such relations with
persons or agencies outside the institution as may promote the best interests of his family and his own social rehabilitation.
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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Services and agencies, governmental or otherwise, which assist released prisoners to re-establish themselves in
society shall ensure, so far as is possible and necessary, that released prisoners be provided with appropriate documents
and identification papers, have suitable homes and work to go to, are suitably and adequately clothed having regard to the
climate and season, and have sufficient means to reach their destination and maintain themselves in the period
immediately following their release.
The approved representatives of such agencies shall have all necessary access to the institution and to prisoners
and shall be taken into consultation as to the future of a prisoner from the beginning of his sentence. It is desirable that the
activities of such agencies shall be centralized or coordinated as far as possible in order to secure the best use of their
efforts.

Insane and mentally abnormal prisoners

Persons who are found to be insane shall not be detained in prisons and arrangements shall be made to remove
them to mental institutions as soon as possible. Prisoners who suffer from other mental diseases or abnormalities shall be
observed and treated in specialized institutions under medical management. During their stay in a prison, such prisoners
shall be placed under the special supervision of a medical officer.
The medical or psychiatric service of the penal institutions shall provide for the psychiatric treatment of all other
prisoners who are in need of such treatment. It is desirable that steps should be taken, by arrangement with the
appropriate agencies, to ensure if necessary the continuation of psychiatric treatment after release and the provision of
social psychiatric after-care.

Correction and Rehabilitation of penitent offenders

Objective: To effect the rehabilitation and reintegration of probationers, parolees, pardonees, and first-time minor drug
offenders as productive, law-abiding and socially responsible members of the community through

1. Well-planned supervision programs for probationers, parolees, pardonees, and first-time minor drug offenders
which are aligned to national program thrusts of the government, such as, the Sariling-Sikap, Jail Decongestion, etc.
2. Establishment of innovative and financially and technically feasible projects for the moral, spiritual and
economic upliftment of probationers, parolees, pardonees, and first-time minor drug offenders utilizing available
community resources.

Scope and Beneficiaries:

All offenders granted probation, parole, pardon and suspended sentence. The Administration has adopted a
harmonized and integrated treatment program for these clients to effect their rehabilitation. This harmonized and
integrated program involves (1) The Therapeutic Community Modality (2) The Restorative Justice Principles and Concepts
and (3) the Use of Volunteer Probation Aides (VPAs).
The Therapeutic Community Modality is a self-help social learning treatment model used for clients with problems
of drug abuse and other behavioral problems such as alcoholism, stealing, and other anti-social tendencies. As a treatment
model, it includes four (4) categories, namely, behavior management, intellectual/spiritual aspect, emotional and social
aspects, and vocational/survival aspects.

In this regard, the Therapeutic Community Modality provides a well-defined structure for a synchronized and focused
implementation of the various intervention strategies/activities undertaken by the Agency such as:

1. Individual and group counseling

This activity intends to assist the clients in trying to sort out their problems, identify solutions, reconcile conflicts
and help resolve them. This could be done either by individual or group interaction with the officers of the Agency.

2. Moral, Spiritual, Values Formation

Seminars, lectures or trainings offered or arranged by the Agency comprise these rehabilitation activities. Active
NGOs, schools, civic and religious organizations are tapped to facilitate the activities.

3. Work or Job Placement/Referral

Categorized as an informal program wherein a client is referred for work or job placement through the officer’s
own personal effort, contact or information.

4. Vocational/Livelihood and Skills Training

The program includes the setting up of seminars and skills training classes like food preservation and processing,
candle making, novelty items and handicrafts making, etc., to help the clients earn extra income. Likewise, vocational and
technical trade classes are availed of such as refrigeration, automotive mechanic, radio/television and electronics repairs,

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

tailoring, dressmaking, basic computer training, etc. through coordination with local barangays, parish centers, schools and
civic organizations.

5. Health, Mental and Medical Services

To address some of the basic needs of clients and their families, medical missions are organized to provide various
forms of medical and health services including physical examination and treatment, free medicines and vitamins, dental
examination and treatment, drug dependency test and laboratory examination.
Psychological testing and evaluation as well as psychiatric treatment are likewise provided for by the Agency’s
Clinical Services Division and if not possible by reason of distance, referrals are made to other government accredited
institutions.

6. Literacy and Education

In coordination with LGU programs, adult education classes are availed of to help clients learn basic writing,
reading and arithmetic. Likewise, literacy teach-ins during any sessions conducted for clients become part of the module.
This is particularly intended for clients who are “no read, no write” to help them become functionally literate.
Likewise, linkages with educational Foundation, other GOs and NGOs are regularly done for free school supplies, bags and
uniform for client’s children and relatives.

7. Community Service
This program refers to the services in the community rendered by clients for the benefit of society. It includes tree
planting, beautification drives, cleaning and greening of surroundings, maintenance of public parks and places, garbage
collection, blood donation and similar socio-civic activities.

8. Client Self-Help Organization

This program takes the form of cooperatives and client associations wherein the clients form cooperatives and
associations as an economic group to venture on small-scale projects. Similarly, client associations serve another purpose
by providing some structure to the lives of clients where they re-learn the basics of working within a group with hierarchy,
authority and responsibility much like in the bigger society.

9. Payment of Civil Liability

The payment of civil liability or indemnification to victims of offenders are pursued despite the economic status of
clients. Payment of obligations to the victims instills in the minds of the clients their responsibility and the consequences of
the harm they inflicted to others.

10. Environment and Ecology

To instill awareness and concern in preserving ecological balance and environmental health, seminars/lectures are
conducted wherein clients participate. These seminars/lectures tackle anti-smoke belching campaign, organic farming,
waste management, segregation and disposal and proper care of the environment.

11. Sports and Physical Fitness

Activities that provide physical exertion like sports, games and group play are conducted to enhance the physical
well being of clients. Friendly competition of clients from the various offices of the sectors, together with the officers,
provide an enjoyable and healthful respite.
The success of the Therapeutic Community treatment model is also anchored on the implementation of restorative
justice. To highlight the principles of restorative justice, offenders are recognized to indemnify victims and render
community services to facilitate the healing of the broken relationship caused by offending the concerned parties.
Mediation and conferencing are also utilized in special cases to mend and/or restore clients’ relationship with their victim
and the community.

Considering that it is in the community that the rehabilitation of clients takes place, the utilization of therapeutic
community treatment model coupled with the principles of restorative justice would be further energized with the
recruitment, training and deployment of Volunteer Probation Aides (VPAs). The VPA program is a strategy to generate
maximum participation of the citizens in the community-based program of probation and parole. Through the VPAs, the
substance of restorative justice is pursued with deeper meaning since the VPAs are residents of the same community where
the clients they supervise reside. Thus, it is practicable for the volunteers to solicit support for clients’ needs and assist the
field officers in supervising the probationers, parolees, and pardonees.

The Therapeutic Community treatment modality, Restorative Justice paradigm and deployment of VPAs integrated
into one rehabilitation program have yielded tremendous outcome in the rehabilitation and reformation of probationers,
parolees, pardonees, and first-time minor drug offenders.

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Furthermore, the Agency believes that the client’s family is a major part or support in the rehabilitation process,
thus the Administration adopts the Integrated Allied Social Services program to address the needs of the children and other
minor dependent of the clients. Under the said program, interventions relative to the growth and development of the
minor dependents are done to help them become productive, law abiding and effective individuals.

The Volunteer Probation Aides (VPAs) as the Lead Community Resource

The enlistment and training of VPAs started in 1977 while the Agency was preparing for the operationalization of
the national probation program which was to begin on 3 January 1978.
Towards 1980, the VPA program dwindled from around 2,123 VPAs to only 100, due to budgetary limitations in the
reimbursement of travelling expenses.
Beginning in 2003, through the technical and financial assistance PPA revitalized its VPA system with due
consideration of its past experience. Later, with the support of JICA, a three-year In-Country Training Program on the
Holistic Approach to Volunteer Resource Development was undertaken from 2006 to 2008. The Project was extended for
another two years as a technical co-operation project until 2010.

VPA Program Objectives

1. To amplify the extent of services rendered to clients in an effective yet economical means through the use of
volunteers;

2. To develop a competent corps of VPAs who will assist the PPA officers in the effective supervision of clients;

3. To inculcate greater citizen awareness and understanding of the criminal justice system;

4. To enhance community participation in crime prevention, treatment of offenders and criminal justice
administration; and

5. To foster an attitude of meaningful involvement in the social, economic, cultural and political affairs of the
community.

Functions and Responsibilities of VPAs

A VPA is expected to perform the following functions:

1. Work in close consultation and co-operation with the Supervising PPO;

2. Keep all information about the client in strict confidentiality;

3. Maintain an honest recording and monthly reporting of activities to the Supervising PPO;

4. Devote substantial and quality time for supervision of clients and perform the following tasks:

5. Endeavour to help the PPO in extending RJ interventions to the client’s situation;

6. Attend TC, RJ and other activities as may be required.

The Roles of VPAs

The role of the VPA may be classified into two categories:

1. Direct Supervisor
The VPA should undertake the following:
 Supervise a maximum of five clients at any given time;
 Work Closely with a PPO and discuss the treatment plans and status of clients;
 Submit a monthly accomplishment report to the PPO.
2. Resource Individual
The VPA may act as a:
 Resource speaker during training activities, information drives, etc.
 Counsellor;
 Donor, sponsor or resource manager during fund-raising activities; 2.4 Program coordinator of client
activities; and a
 Mediator, RJ Implementer, TC Facilitator.

What corrections include?

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

Community corrections includes probation, an alternative sentence to jail or prison/detention, as well as paroling
authorities which have responsibility for hearings on releasing offenders from incarceration or detention and supervision
following release.

Model inmate
Model prisoner: one who obeys the rules, takes the classes, helps others and doesn't get in trouble. Some snitch,
some are perceived to be snitches, sometimes they get favors from the guards.

Justice model of corrections

The 'justice' model of corrections is based on the concept that the criminal justice system should not be
concerned with offender rehabilitation but should limit itself to the fair administration of punishments appropriate to the
severity of the crime committed.

Therapeutic Modality Criminology

The Therapeutic Community Modality is a self-help social learning treatment model used for clients with problems
of drug abuse and other behavioral problems such as alcoholism, stealing, and other anti-social tendencies.

Purpose of a Therapeutic Community

The therapeutic community program is a positive environment for learning how to be accountable for one's
choices in a caring community where members can help themselves and each other make positive changes. Staff and
residents work together to establish and maintain a positive, growth-filled environment.

Cardinal rules of the therapeutic community

Following rules is an important part of everyday life. It is also essential to ensure the success in the community. If
the goal is positive and permanent lifestyle change, the rules and procedures of the program must be followed.
The following cardinal rules must be followed in order to participate in this program.
1. No escape or attempts to escape.
2. No violence or imminent threats of bodily harm.
3. No possession or use of weapon.
4. No possession or use of alcohol or other drugs nor refusal to submit to urinalysis testing.
5. No gang-related or racially motivated activities, specifically violence, intimidation and/ or recruiting.
6. No sexual misconduct.

What are therapeutic modality program in the Philippines?

TC is a tool that the Parole and Probation Administration uses to prepare the client for reintegration to the
community as a reformed, rehabilitated, productive, drug-free and law abiding person.

What are the salient features of TC?

1. The primary “therapist” and teacher is the community itself, consisting of peers and staff, who, as role models of
successful personal change, serve as guides in the recovery process.

2. TC adheres to precepts of right living: Truth/honesty; Here and now; Personal responsibility for destiny; Social
responsibility (brother’s keeper); Moral Code; Inner person is “good” but behavior can be “bad”; Change is the only
certainty; Work ethics; Self-reliance; Psychological converges with philosophical (e.g. guilt kills).

4. It believes that TC is a place where: One can change – unfold; the group can foster change; individuals must take
responsibility; structures must accommodate this; Act as if – go through the motion.

5. There are 5 distinct categories treatment of activity that help promote the change:
Relational/Behavior Management
Affective/Emotional/Psychological
Cognitive/Intellectual
Spiritual
Psychomotor/Vocational-Survival Skills

These tools serve more than just the purpose of curbing unproductive behavior. They are also a means used for
enforcing community sanctions on behavior that undermine the safety and integrity of the community such as violations of
the cardinal rules of TC: NO drugs, NO violence or threat of violence, NO sexual acting out and NO stealing! Everything an
officer does is meant to erase “street behavior” and to lead the offender to be committed to “right living”.
When the office gives seminars and tutorials, arranges activities focused on the Higher Power, conducts games,
educational trips and other recreational activities, we touch on the TC aspect of Intellectual and Spiritual Dimension. Aside
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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

from the role of a direct supervisor, the VPAs may be the invited resource persons, donors/sponsors, facilitators, lecturers,
etc. during these seminars.
The skills training and livelihood activities fall within the purview of TC’s Vocational and Survival Skills, so with
Medical/Dental Clinics and Environmental Conservation activities. In this aspect, the VPAs can facilitate job placement and
can tap community resources for clients social and physical needs.
Therapeutic Community is a tool that the Administration uses to prepare the client for reintegration to the
community as a reformed, rehabilitated, productive, drug-free and law abiding person.

IV. Assessment

Answer the following questions:

1) What do you understand about the United Nations Standard Minimum for the treatment of prisoners?
2) What is therapeutic community program?
3) Explained each treatment categories and why it is important under the TC program?

Scoring Guide:
Each answer shall be evaluated using these criteria:
Content 10 pts.
Organization of ideas 10 pts.
Language facility 10 pts.
Originality 10 pts
Total score: 40 pts

V. Enrichment:
Answer the following essay question?
1. How are Therapeutic Communities Integrated into the Criminal Justice System?
2. How is Treatment provide in a Therapeutic Community?

Scoring Guide:
Each answer shall be evaluated using these criteria:
Content 25 pts.
Organization of ideas 10 pts.
Language facility 5 pts.
Total score: 40 pts.

VI. References

Renor A,N., et al. (2019). Comprehensive Correctional Administration Handbook with Therapeutic Modalities. Quezon City,
Philippines. Wiseman’s Books Trading Inc.
Lippke, Richard (2001). "Criminal Offenders and Right Forfeiture". Journal of Social Philosophy. New York.
Villaluz, AJ (2012). Institutional Correction with addendum on Act. Number Instructional Manual. Quezon City, Philippines.
Wiseman’s Books Trading Inc.
The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (unodc.org)

----End of Module 2----

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 Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
VICTORINO SALCEDO CAMPUS
Sara, Iloilo

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