Climb Via Descend Via Speed Adjustments

Pilot Briefing:
Climb Via, Descend Via, Speed Adjustments

NBAA Access Committee – Airspace, ATC, & Flight Technologies Working Group
Rev: 2.00 28 Feb 2014 Procedures Effective April 3, 2014

Acknowledgments
NBAA gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the following groups in the
preparation of this program:
• Jeppesen, Inc.
– Jeppesen navigation data and charts furnished for this program are
for training & familiarization purposes only. They are not to be used
for navigation purposes
• Performance-Based Aviation Rulemaking Committee (PARC)
Pilot and Controller Phraseology System Integration (PCPSI)
Working Group
• FAA’s PBN Policy and Support Group
• FAA Flight Standards - Performance Based Flight Systems
Branch (AFS-470)
2
New & Revised Air Traffic Procedures
Climb Via, Descend Via, & Speed Adjustments
• Effective April 3, 2014
• Introduces the “Climb Via” clearance
• Updates the “Descend Via” clearance
• Revises & expands on ATC clearance phraseology supporting
speed adjustments
• Provides ATC with new clearance/phraseology options
• Reduces frequency congestion
• Reduction in hear-back/read-back errors
3
Overview:
• Simple, intuitive phraseology for issuing a clearance to laterally &

vertically navigate a departure or an arrival
• Pilots must be familiar with the application of these types of clearances:
– “Climb Via/Descend Via”
– Climb/Descend Via “Except Maintain”
– Climb/Descend “and Maintain”
– “Climb and Maintain” or “Descend and Maintain”
– Speed Phraseology
• Purpose of this program is to provide this familiarization
– Definitions
– Examples of operational application
– Quick Reference Card
4
Pilots Need To Know
“Climb Via” & “Descend Via”
• “Climb Via”:
– An abbreviated ATC clearance that requires compliance with a
procedure’s lateral path, associated speed restrictions and altitude
restrictions along the cleared route or procedure until climbing to the
“Top Altitude” published on the SID
• “Descend Via”:
– An abbreviated ATC clearance that requires compliance with a
published procedure’s lateral path and associated speed restrictions
and provides a pilot-discretion descent to comply with published
altitude restrictions until descending to the “Bottom Altitude” published
on the STAR
5
Pilots Need To Know
“Climb Via/Descend Via Except Maintain”
• Execute the Climb Via clearance to an ATC assigned “Top Altitude”
• Execute a Descend Via clearance to an ATC assigned “Bottom Altitude”
6
Pilots Need To Know
“Climb and Maintain” or “Descend and Maintain”
• Pilot is expected to vacate current altitude and commence an
unrestricted climb/descent to comply with the clearance
• For aircraft already climbing via a SID, or descending via a STAR,
published altitude restrictions are deleted unless re-issued by ATC
• Speed restrictions always remain in effect unless the controller
explicitly cancels or amends the speed restrictions
7
Pilots Need To Know
“Comply With Restrictions”
• Requires aircraft joining or resuming a procedure to comply with
published restrictions
• May be used in lieu of reissuing individual restrictions
8
Pilots Need To Know
Speed Phraseology
• “Climb Via” or “Descend Via” :
– Absent any qualifying instructions, issuance of a climb or descend via clearance cancels a previously issued
ATC speed adjustment and provides pilot discretion to adjust speed while requiring compliance with upcoming
restrictions
– ATC may require compliance with a previous ATC-issued speed adjustment using phraseology:
• “Proceed direct FNCHR, maintain three zero zero knots until FNCHR , then descend via the FNCHR one
arrival, landing north”
– Where there are no upcoming speed restrictions, issuance of a “Proceed direct (WP name), climb/descend via
....” cancels a previously issued speed adjustment and authorizes speed at pilot's discretion as appropriate for
the phase of flight, ensuring compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
• “Resume Normal Speed”:
– Cancels ATC issued speed restrictions and instructs pilot to return to normal aircraft speed where no restrictions
are published on the procedure/route currently being flown
– It does not delete speed restrictions on upcoming segments of flight (e.g. a STAR later in the flight)
– This does not relieve the pilot of those speed restrictions which are applicable to 14 CFR Section 91.117
• “Resume Published Speed” :
– Cancels ATC issued speed restrictions; pilot is expected to comply with speeds published on the SID/STAR
• “Delete Speed Restrictions” :
– Cancels ATC assigned, and
– Cancels all published speed restrictions on a charted procedure
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Pilot/Controller Phraseology
• Pilots shall respond to “Climb Via” or “Descend Via” clearances by repeating
the clearance verbatim; phrases such as “on the” or “descending on” a
procedure are not acceptable and can create additional workload with
unnecessary controller queries
• When changing frequencies or on initial contact advise ATC of current altitude,
“Climbing/Descending Via” procedure name, and runway transitions if
assigned; if issued an altitude or speed not contained on the SID/STAR, advise
ATC of restrictions issued by the prior controller
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Pilot/Controller Phraseology
Examples:
“Cactus Seven Eleven leaving two thousand climbing via the Laura Two departure.”
“Delta Fifty Eight climb via SID except cross MKALA at or above seven thousand.”
“American One Twenty proceed direct ROCKR, cross ROCKR at or above one zero
thousand, climb via the BIZEE Two departure.”
“United Thirty Five cleared to Johnston Airport, Scott One departure, JONEZ
transition, Q-one forty five, climb via SID except maintain flight level one eight zero.”
“JetBlue Six Zero Two leaving flight level two one zero descending via the IVANE two
arrival landing south.”
“Delta One Twenty One leaving flight level one niner zero, descending via the
EAGUL Five arrival runway two-six transition."
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Briefing Topics
Speed Additional
Climb Via Descend Via
Adjustments Resources
Please click on the above picture to access the program pertaining to “Climb Via”, “Descend Via” and
ATC speed adjustments. Within each briefing, you will have the option to return to this menu.
Exit Program
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DEDICATED TO THE HELPING BUSINESS
ACHIEVE ITS HIGHEST GOALS
Briefing Topics – Climb Via (CV)
Operational Predeparture
Terminology
Application Clearance (PDC)
FAA “Climb Via”
Briefing Card
Video
Return To Briefing Topic Main Menu
14
Briefing Topics – Descend Via (DV)
Operational
Terminology Briefing Card
Application
15
Briefing Topics – Additional Resources
FAA Climb Via & Notice To Airman Frequently Asked

Descend Via InFO (GENOT) Questions
FAA PBN NAV CANADA
Resources RNAV Phraseology
16
Climb Via – Terminology
Climb Via:
An abbreviated ATC clearance that requires compliance with the
procedure lateral path, associated speed restrictions, and altitude
restrictions along the cleared route or procedure.
17
©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes <ESC Exit>
Climb Via (AIM 5-2-8 e 4)

Authorizes Pilot To:
• When used in the IFR departure clearance, in a PDC, DCL* or when
subsequently cleared after departure to a waypoint depicted on a SID,
to join a procedure after departure or resume a procedure
• When vertical navigation is interrupted and an altitude is assigned to
maintain which is not contained on the published procedure, to climb
from that previously assigned altitude at pilot’s discretion to the altitude
depicted for the next waypoint
– ATC must ensure obstacle clearance until the aircraft is established on the
lateral and vertical path of the SID
• Once established on the depicted departure, to climb and to meet all
published or assigned altitude and speed restrictions
*DCL = Departure Clearance Via Data Link FANS 1/A Aircraft/Operators
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<ESC Exit>
Top Altitude:
In reference to SID published altitude restrictions the charted
“maintain” altitude contained in the procedure description or
assigned by ATC.
©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes
©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 19

Top Altitude
• May be published for all runways &
transitions
• May be specific to a particular
runway/transition
• It is not:
– The altitude filed in the IFR flight plan
– The “expect” altitude in the IFR
clearance or published on the SID
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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – Operational Application
An ATC Clearance That Includes An IFR Departure Procedure

• Is a clearance to fly the depicted route & assigned transition
• Is a clearance requiring compliance with published speed restrictions
• However, altitude assignment & vertical navigation is a separate clearance
ATC Clearance:
“Cleared LEETZ Departure”
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ATC Voice:
“Cleared…Cowboy Five Departure, Gallup Transition, Then As Filed. Climb Via SID…”
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<ESC Exit>
“Climb Via SID” Clearance

Published
After takeoff, the pilot should:
“Top Altitude”
• Track the lateral path of the COWBY5 FL 190
• Comply with published speed restrictions

GUP
• Climb to meet all published altitude restrictions MOSBI
At or Above
• Climb to the “Top Altitude” published on the SID 15000’
COWBY
HITME
At or Above
11000’
CEASR
At or Above
8000’
JAKER ROPPR
Between
RW19R At or Above 5900’ & 7000’
2681’
23
<ESC Exit>
Pilot/Controller Initial Contact Phraseology
“Las Vegas Departure,
Gulfstream Six Five Zero Golf Alpha,
“Gulfstream Six Five Zero Golf Alpha,
Leaving Two Thousand Eight Hundred,
Las Vegas Departure, Radar Contact”
Climbing Via The Cowboy Five Departure”
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<ESC Exit>
ATC Voice:
“Cleared…EPKEE Two Departure, DUUCE Transition, Then As Filed. Climb Via SID…”
Published
“Top Altitude”
Published “Top Altitude” (FL 230) Is Below
The Last Published Altitude Restriction
Do Not Climb Above The Published “Top Altitude”
Without Further ATC Clearance
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<ESC Exit>
“Climb Via SID”

After Takeoff, The Pilot Should: DUUCE
CLAMR
• Track the lateral path of the EPKEE2 At or Above
WEEDS
FL300
• Climb to meet all published altitude restrictions
• Climb to the published “Top Altitude” (FL 230)
• ATC must issue further climb clearance to
cross CLAMR at or above FL 300
Published
VCTRE EPKEE
“Top Altitude”
APUUU FL 230
SMPSN At or above
14000’
SMTHR
At or above
MLHOS 12000’
At or above
10000’
GISTT
RW17L At or above
7000’
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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via, Except Maintain…

Used To Assign Or Amend The Top Altitude
• Used to assign a “Top Altitude” when not published on the chart
– Some SIDs do not publish a “Top Altitude”
– “Top Altitudes” will be charted in the future on all SIDs
– In the interim, “Climb Via, Except Maintain” phraseology will be used to
assign the “Top Altitude” that is not published on the chart
• When a “Top Altitude” is published on a chart
– Used to instruct the pilot to comply with all published altitude and speed
restrictions, but to climb and maintain a “Top Altitude” that differs from
that published on the chart
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<ESC Exit>
Assign A “Top Altitude” When One Is Not Published On A SID
ATC Voice:
“Cleared…HAROB Four Departure, ERAVE Transition,
Climb Via SID, Except Maintain One Five Thousand...”

<ESC Exit>
“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain…”

After Takeoff, The Pilot Should:
ATC‐Assigned
• Track the lateral path of the HAROB4 “Top Altitude”
15,000’
• Climb to meet all published altitude restrictions
ERAVE
• Climb to the “Top Altitude” stated in the
“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain” clearance HAROB
At or Above
10000’
EMRLD
RICHR
RENBE
At or above
CABOB 3000’
RW16L
At or above
932’
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<ESC Exit>
Assign A “Top Altitude” That Differs From That Published On A SID
ATC Voice:
“Cleared…STAAV Four Departure, Milford Transition,
Climb Via SID, Except Maintain One‐Three Thousand…”
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<ESC Exit>
“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain…”

After Takeoff, The Pilot Should:
• Track the lateral path of the STAAV4 FOLDD
At or Above
• Comply with published speed restrictions 17000’
DARDN MLF
• Climb to meet all published altitude restrictions STAAV

At or Above ATC‐Assigned
• Climb to the “Top Altitude” stated in the 13000’ “Top Altitude”
“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain” clearance 13,000’
MEDOE
At or Above
BATIS 7000’
MAX
LEELN TOMIS 220 KT
At or Above At or above
5000’ 6000’
RW25R
At or Above
2680’
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<ESC Exit>

Pilot Must Provide The “Top Altitude” On Initial Contact
When Climbing With A “Climb Via, Except Maintain” Altitude Assignment
“Las Vegas Departure, Gulfstream November One,
Leaving Two Thousand Seven Hundred
For One‐Three Thousand, “Gulfstream November One,
Climbing Via The STAAV Four Departure” Las Vegas Departure, Radar Contact”
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<ESC Exit>
“Climb Via”
Applications After Takeoff
• Issue a clearance to resume vertical navigation on a SID after an
ATC-issued interim altitude assignment
– “Climb Via SID”
• Change a waypoint crossing restriction:
– “Climb Via SID Except Cross MKALA At Or Above Seven Thousand”
• Issue a revised “Top Altitude” after departure:
– “Climb Via SID Except Maintain Flight Level Three Zero Zero”
• Clear an aircraft to a fix & to resume vertical navigation on a SID:
– “Proceed Direct DVINE, Then Climb Via The Suzan Two Departure”
– “Proceed Direct ROCKR, Cross ROCKR At Or Above One Zero Thousand,
Climb Via The BIZEE Two Departure”
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<ESC Exit>
ATC Intervention On A SID

• ATC will issue an altitude to maintain and all appropriate altitude
restrictions when a vector will take the aircraft off an assigned procedure
that contains altitude instructions or the previously issued clearance
included crossing restrictions
• ATC must advise the pilot what to expect when the vector is completed
• Phraseology:
– “Lear Two Three Mike X-ray, Fly Heading One Five Zero, Vectors For Spacing,
Maintain One Zero Thousand, Expect To Resume The EPPKE Two Departure”
• Pilots may consider the SID canceled, unless the controller adds “expect
to resume [SID name] departure”, in which case pilots should be prepared
to rejoin the SID at a subsequent fix or procedure leg
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<ESC Exit>
ATC Intervention On A SID
• If ATC interrupts lateral/vertical navigation while an aircraft is flying a SID,

ATC must ensure obstacle clearance
• When issuing a “climb via” clearance to join a procedure, ATC must
ensure obstacle clearance until the aircraft is established on the lateral
and vertical path of the SID
• ATC will assign an altitude to cross if no altitude is depicted at a
waypoint/fix, or when otherwise necessary/ required, for an aircraft on a
direct route to a waypoint fix where the SID will be joined or resumed
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<ESC Exit>
Initial ATC Clearance:
“Cleared EXTAN Three Departure, Climb Via SID”
After Passing GISTT, ATC Issues Heading Vector:
“Fly Heading One Two Zero, Vectors For Spacing,
Climb and Maintain One Four Thousand, Expect To Resume The EXTAN Departure”
• Fly heading 120 degrees
• Climb unrestricted to 14,000’
• Expect to resume EXTAN Three

<ESC Exit>
After Takeoff, ATC Issues Clearance:
“Climb Via The LEETZ Two Departure,
Except After LEETZ, Maintain Flight Level One Niner Zero”
• Track the lateral path of the LEETZ SID
• Comply with published altitude restrictions until crossing LEETZ
• Then climb to the ATC assigned “Top Altitude” (FL 190)

37
<ESC Exit>
After Passing ZEETA, ATC Issues Clearance:
“Proceed Direct MUCKI,
Climb Via The LEETZ Two Departure”
• Proceed direct to MUCKI
• Then track the lateral path of the LEETZ SID
• Cross MUCKI at or below FL 230
• Climb to the “Top Altitude” (FL 230)
• Do not exceed 250 KT until MUCKI
230 KT Speed Restriction Published At HUCKK
Is Not Applicable Unless Restated By ATC

38
<ESC Exit>
After Takeoff, ATC Issues Clearance:
“Proceed Direct TUNNN, Cross TUNNN At Or Above One‐One Thousand,
Then Climb Via The CONNR Two Departure”
• Proceed direct to TUNNN
• Then track the lateral path of the CONNR SID
• Cross TUNNN at or above 11,000’
• Comply with altitude & speed restrictions published after TUNNN

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<ESC Exit>
Unrestricted Climb
Phraseology: “Maintain” or “Climb & Maintain”
• Initial IFR clearance:

– “Cleared To …, LOOP Six Departure, As Filed, Maintain Four
Thousand”
• After initial IFR clearance, but prior to or after takeoff:
– “Hawker Two Three Yankee, Climb And Maintain One-two Thousand”
• Receipt of a “Maintain” or “Climb & Maintain” altitude clearance
means:
– All Published Altitude Restrictions Are Canceled
– All Published Speed Restrictions Remain In Effect
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<ESC Exit>
Initial IFR Clearance:
“Cleared…STAKR Two Departure, Climb Via SID…”
After Takeoff, ATC Issue Clearance:
“Climb And Maintain Flight Level Two Three Zero”
• Track the lateral path of the STAKR SID
• Climb and maintain FL 230
• Disregard all published altitude restrictions
(280 KT until LENNN)
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<ESC Exit>
“Maintain” or “Climb & Maintain…”

The Pilot Should: FL 230
• Track the lateral path of the STAKR2 PIEDD PYPER
• Comply with all published speed restrictions ADANE
• Published altitude restrictions are canceled STAKR
• Climb to the assigned “Maintain” altitude ICECI

At or Above
16000’
CIROS
“Climb And Maintain FL 230” At or Above
TIKLR 14000’
LENNN
MAX Comply With
NMBSS 280 KT Published Speeds!
At or Above
BRKEM 10000’
At or below
MAX 230 KT 10000’
Climb to 5934’
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<ESC Exit>
Speed Restrictions Published On A SID
• When cleared along a route or procedure that contains published speed restrictions, pilots must comply with
those speed restrictions independent of a “Climb Via” or “Climb & Maintain” clearance
• ATC anticipates pilots will begin accelerating after passing a speed restriction commensurate with normal
aircraft operations, but will not exceed the next speed restriction, if any, published on the SID
• If vectored off of a SID route segment where a published speed applies, the published speed is cancelled
and speed is at pilot's discretion unless ATC has assigned a speed
• Absent any qualifying instructions, issuance of a “Climb Via” clearance cancels a previously issued ATC
speed adjustment and provides pilot discretion to adjust speed while requiring compliance with upcoming
restrictions
• ATC may require compliance with previously issued speed adjustments using phraseology:
– “Proceed to (WP name), then climb via...”
– “Maintain (speed) until (WP name), then climb via...”
– “Cross (WP name) at (speed) then climb via....”
• Where there are no upcoming speed restrictions, issuance of a “Proceed direct (WP name), climb via ....”
cancels a previously issued speed adjustment and authorizes speed at pilot's discretion as appropriate for
the phase of flight, ensuring compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
43
<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
Pre-Departure Clearances
IFR Clearance Received Via Data Link Service
• “Climb Via” clearance is always provided in the “Remarks”* section of the PDC
• The ATC assigned departure (SID or ODP) may be furnished in the:
– “Route”* section, or
– “Remarks”* section
• The filed departure procedure is listed in the “filed flight plan” section of the PDC
• The ATC assigned departure may differ from that filed in the IFR flight plan
• Fly the ATC-assigned departure, not the departure that was filed!
• Insure the filed departure procedure is uplinked to the FMS
• Verify the correct departure procedure in the FMS
* Note: The “Route” & “Remarks” sections are generic descriptions of the elements of a typical the PDC message.
They are not necessarily specific sections in the PDC as the format of these messages will vary with FOC or
service provider
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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
FLIGHT XXXxxx/03 KLAS KDEN

PDC
SWA539 7342 KLAS
B738/L P1430
370
KLAS STAAV4 DVC WOLLF
CREDE2 KDEN
CLIMB VIA SID
DEP CONTROL 125.9
END OF MESSAGE
Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider
• ATC-assigned SID in the “ROUTE” section

• “Climb Via SID” clearance issued in the
“REMARKS” section

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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
<XXxxxx> DEPARTING KLAS TRANSPONDER 6762

SKED DEP TIME 1515 EQUIP B738/L
FILED FLT LEVEL 330
ROUTING
****************************************
-ATC CLEARANCE- ***CHANGED***
STAAV4 MLF
THEN AS FILED
****************************************
CLIMB VIA SID, EXCEPT MAINTAIN 13000
• ATC-assigned SID in the “ROUTE” section

• “Climb Via SID” clearance issued in the
• ATC-assigned “Top Altitude” of 13,000’ in the

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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
PDC Received: 2/14/2014 13:30:39

Aircraft Reg: N-----
Aircraft Type: GALX/Q
Departure Airport KSEA
Proposed (UTC) 1600 UTC
Arrival Airport: KSFO
Transponder: 2641
Altitude: FL 400
Filed Route: ELMAA9 ELMAA OLM J126 RBL GOLDN6
Amended Route: -ERAVE Q1 PYE GOLDN6-
Remarks: @TCAS EQUIPPED AND SVCB***
CLEARED HAROB4 DEP ERAVE TRSN
CLIMB VIA SID, EXCEPT MAINTAIN 5000
DEP CONTROL 120.8
• ATC-assigned SID in the “REMARKS”

section
• “Climb Via SID” is always issued in the
• Verify FMS contains the ATC-assigned SID
(HAROB4), not the filed SID (ELMAA9)
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<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
PDC N-----
KRNO KSEA
RECEIVED AT: 29-Apr-13 1922Z
ATC Clearance
FMG J92 WNDEL LKV
Filed Flight Plan

KRNO FMG WNDEL LKV J67 BTG
HAWKZ3 KSEA
Remarks
CLEARED FMG7 DEP
CLIMB VIA SID
SQUAWK 2021 “Climb Via” May Be Applied To A Conventional SID
Other Info
REQUESTED ALT: 410
PROPOSED ETD: 2020z
CLERANCE ETD: Z
AIRCRAFT; F2TH/Q
***END OF CLEARANCE***

<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – PDC
PDC N-----
KSJC KLAS
RECEIVED AT: 22-Jun-13 2019Z
ATC Clearance
MOONY3 MOONY
THEN AS FILED
Filed Flight Plan

KSJC MOONY PMD DAG KEPEC3 KLAS
PDC Clearance Using
Remarks “Climb and Maintain” Instead of “Climb Via”
CLIMB AND MAINTAIN 10000
SQUAWK 5247
Other Info
REQUESTED ALT: 410
PROPOSED ETD: 2020z
CLERANCE ETD: Z
AIRCRAFT; LJ45/Q
***END OF CLEARANCE***

<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – Briefing Card
Download the latest Version From NBAA’s Website 50
<ESC Exit>
Climb Via – Briefing Card
<ESC Exit>
Descend Via – Terminology
Descend Via:
An abbreviated ATC clearance that requires compliance with a published
procedure lateral path and associated speed restrictions and provides a
pilot-discretion descent to comply with published altitude restrictions.
52
<ESC Exit>
Descend Via (AIM 5-4-1 a 2)

Authorizes The Pilot To
• Descend at pilot’s discretion to meet published restrictions and
laterally navigate on a STAR
• When cleared to a waypoint depicted on a STAR, to descend
from a previously assigned altitude at pilot’s discretion to the
altitude depicted at the waypoint
• Once established on the depicted arrival, to descend and to meet
all published or assigned altitude and/or speed restrictions
53
<ESC Exit>
Bottom Altitude:
In reference to published altitude restrictions on a STAR or
STAR runway transition, the lowest altitude authorized.
54
<ESC Exit>
“Bottom Altitude”
7,000’
Bottom Altitude Is Not The Lowest MEA Published On The STAR
Or
Any Altitude Published On An Instrument Approach That Connects To The STAR

<ESC Exit>
Bottom Altitude
In reference to published altitude restrictions on a STAR or
STAR runway transition, the lowest altitude authorized.
• Runway transition or landing direction may be provided by ARTCC
– An advisory note may be included on the chart:
• Otherwise, landing runway must be assigned by Arrival Controller on

initial contact or as soon a practical thereafter, and no later than 10
miles prior to the runway transition waypoint
• Landing runway in use broadcast by the ATIS may be used to determine
anticipated STAR transition for planning purposes
56
<ESC Exit>
Descend Via – Operational Application
ATC Clearance That Includes A STAR:

• Is a clearance to fly the depicted route & assigned transition
• Is a clearance requiring compliance with published speed restrictions
• However, altitude assignment & vertical navigation is a separate clearance!
ATC Clearance:
“Proceed Direct Bowling Green,
Cleared BLUZZ One Arrival”
57
ATC Clearance:
“Learjet Four Five Lima Juliet, Descend Via the GEELA Six Arrival, Runway Two Five Left”
58
<ESC Exit>
“Descend Via” Clearance

The Pilot Should:
• Track the lateral path of the GEELA6
• Descend at pilot’s discretion to comply with all published altitude restrictions
• Descend to the “Bottom Altitude” published on the STAR
GEELA Published
BLH At 250 KT “Bottom Altitude”
At or Below
SCOLE 16000’ HENSN 7,000’
At 280 KT SPINK At 250 KT
At FL250 At or Above SNRRA At 11000’ NIMBY
FL240 At or Above
LIZRD At 210 KT
FL220 At 7000’
GATWA
MNSTR
LOOSY
HYDRR At 250 KT
At 265 KT Between At 210 KT
Between 16000’ & 15000’ At 9000’
17000’ & 15000’
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<ESC Exit>
“Phoenix Approach, Learjet Four Five Lima Juliet,
Leaving Flight Level Two Eight Zero,
Descending Via The GEELA Six Arrival, “Learjet Four Five Lima Juliet, Phoenix Approach,
Runway Two Five Left, Information Alpha” Expect I‐L‐S Two Five Left Approach”
60
<ESC Exit>
A “Descend Via” Clearance From The Center (ARTCC)
May Include The Landing Direction
ATC Clearance:
“Falcon Five Zero Delta Alpha,
Descend Via The IVANE Two Arrival, Landing North
Contact Washington Center On One Three Two Point Two Five”
“Washington Center, Falcon Five Zero Delta Alpha,
Leaving Flight Level Three Zero Zero,
Descending Via The IVANE Two Arrival, Landing North”

<ESC Exit>
A “Descend Via” Clearance From The Approach Controller
Will Include The Landing Runway
“Charlotte Approach , Falcon Five Zero Delta Alpha,
Leaving One Five Thousand ,
Descending Via The IVANE Two Arrival, Landing North
Information Charlie”
ATC Clearance:
“Falcon Five Zero Delta Alpha,
Descend Via the IVANE Two Arrival, Runway Three Six Center”

<ESC Exit>
A “Descend Via” Clearance Will Not Be Used Where The STAR Contains
Only Published “Expect” Altitude And/Or Speed Restrictions
63
<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Gulfstream Two Three Echo,
Cross PEEDS At Flight Level Two Four Zero,
Then Descend Via The JAIKE Three Arrival”
“Descend Via” May Be Used On Procedures That Contain Both “EXPECT” And REQUIRED Altitude And
Speed Restrictions Only If Altitude And/Or Speed Restrictions Or Alternate Restrictions Are Issued For
The Fix/Waypoint Associated With All Expect Restrictions
“Descend Via” Clearances May Also Be Issued If An Aircraft Is Past All
Fixes/Waypoints That Have Expect Restrictions
64
<ESC Exit>
STARs
ATC Clearances
• Lateral/Routing Clearance:
– “Cleared TYLER One Arrival”
• No descent authorized
• Lateral Route & Unrestricted Descent:
– “Cleared TYLER One Arrival, Descend At Pilot’s Discretion, Maintain One
Zero Thousand”
• Initiate descent at pilot’s discretion to 10,000’
• All published altitude restrictions are canceled
• All published speed restrictions remain in effect
65
<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Proceed Direct Bowling Green, Cleared BLUZZ One Arrival,
Landing North, Descend and Maintain One Zero Thousand”
• Track the lateral path of the BLUZZ One STAR
• Descend and maintain 10,000’
• Disregard all published altitude restrictions
• Transition from cruise Mach to 290 KT
66
<ESC Exit>
ATC May Assign “Descend Via” With An Interim Altitude Or New “Bottom Altitude”
ATC Clearance:
“Falcon 900 Delta Alpha, Descend Via The GIBBZ Two Arrival, Landing North,
Except After KIKKR Descend And Maintain One Zero Thousand”
67
<ESC Exit>
“Descend Via” With An Interim Altitude Or

Revised Bottom Altitude
The Pilot Should:
• Track the lateral path of the GIBBZ2, Runway 1 Center transition
• Descend at pilot’s discretion to comply with published altitude restrictions until KIKKR
• Then descend unrestricted and at a optimum rate to 10,000’
• Comply with all published speed restrictions (e.g. 250 KT at MOSLE)
MGW
TABBE
IGGGY
Between
FL270 & FL240 At or Below
14000’ ATC Issued
BRNDN
“Bottom Altitude”
HIROY 10,000’
JIMVE
Between At 280 KT
FL270 Between
& FL270
FL240 & KIKKR
FL240
MOSLE
At 280 KT
At 250 KT MONNK GIBBZ
Between
16000’ & 14000’ At or Below BMICH THZMN
At 11000’ 10000’
At or Above At 7000’
9000’
68
<ESC Exit>
“Potomac Approach,
Falcon Nine Zero Zero Delta Alpha,
Leaving Flight Level Two Four Zero
For One Zero Thousand, “Falcon Nine Zero Zero Delta Alpha,
Descending Via The GIBBZ Two Arrival, Potomac Approach,
Landing North, Information Bravo” Expect R‐NAV Zulu Runway One Center”
69
<ESC Exit>
ATC Intervention On A STAR

• ATC will issue an altitude to maintain and all appropriate altitude
restrictions when the vector will take the aircraft off an assigned
procedure that contains altitude instructions or the previously issued
clearance included crossing restrictions
• ATC must advise the pilot what to expect when the vector is completed
• Phraseology:
– “Citation Two Charlie Alpha, Fly Heading Zero Nine Zero, Vector For
Spacing, Descend And Maintain Flight Level Two Nine Zero, Expect To
Resume The BRBBQ One Arrival”
• Air traffic will assign an altitude to cross the waypoint/fix, if no altitude is
depicted at the waypoint/fix, for aircraft on a direct routing to a STAR
• Air traffic must ensure obstacle clearance when issuing a “Descend Via”
instruction to the pilot
70
<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Fly Heading One Two Zero, Vectors For Spacing,
Descend And Maintain Flight Level Two Nine Zero,
Expect To Resume The BRBBQ One Arrival”
• Fly the ATC‐assigned heading (120 degrees)
• Descend & maintain FL 290
• Be prepared to re‐join the BRBBQ STAR

<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Proceed Direct BRBBQ,
Descend Via The BRBBQ One Arrival, Landing North”
• Proceed direct to BRBBQ
• Cross BRBBQ at or below FL 230 and at 280 KT
• Track the lateral path of the BRBBQ STAR
• Comply with published altitude restrictions to
the “Bottom Altitude” (4,000’)

<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Proceed Direct JESTI, Cross JESTI At One Zero Thousand,
Then Descend Via The BRBBQ One Arrival, Landing North”
ATC Must Assign An Altitude To Cross JESTI
• Proceed direct to JESTI
• Cross JESTI at 10,000’
• Then track the lateral path of the BRBBQ STAR
• Comply with published altitude restrictions to
the “Bottom Altitude” (4,000’)

<ESC Exit>
ATC Clearance:
“Proceed Direct BEERT,,
Descend Via The BRBBQ One Arrival, Landing North”
• Proceed direct to BEERT
• Cross BEERT between 12,000’ & 10,000’
• Cross BEERT at 250 KT
• Reduce speed the minimum distance required prior to
BEERT commensurate with normal aircraft performance
• Track the lateral path of the BRBBQ STAR
• Comply with published altitude restrictions to the
“Bottom Altitude” (4,000’)
<ESC Exit>
Speed Restrictions Published On A STAR
• When otherwise cleared along a route or procedure that contains published speed restrictions, the pilot must comply
with those speed restrictions independent of a “Descend Via” or “Descend & Maintain” clearance
• ATC anticipates pilots will begin adjusting speed the minimum distance necessary prior to a published speed
restriction, commensurate with normal aircraft deceleration, to cross the waypoint/fix at the published speed
• Once at the published speed, ATC expects pilots will maintain the published speed until additional adjustment is
required to comply with further published or ATC assigned speed restrictions or as required to ensure compliance with
14 CFR Section 91.117
• If vectored off of a STAR route segment where a published speed applies, the published speed is cancelled and speed
is at pilot's discretion unless ATC has assigned a speed
• Absent any qualifying instructions, issuance of a “Descend Via” clearance cancels a previously issued ATC speed
adjustment and provides pilot discretion to adjust speed while requiring compliance with upcoming restrictions
• ATC may require compliance with previously issued speed adjustments using phraseology:
– “Proceed to (WP name), then descend via...”,
– “Maintain (speed) until (WP name), then descend via...”
– “Cross (WP name) at (speed) then descend via....”
• Where there are no upcoming speed restrictions, issuance of a “Proceed direct (WP name), descend via ....” cancels a
previously issued speed adjustment and authorizes speed at pilot's discretion as appropriate for the phase of flight,
ensuring compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
75
<ESC Exit>
Descend Via – Briefing Card
<ESC Exit>
Descend Via – Briefing Card
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
Published Speeds On SIDs & STARs

Unless Otherwise Assigned By ATC, Pilots Must Comply With Published Speed
Restrictions Independent Of Any Climb Or Descent Clearance
78
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
SID & STAR Published Speed Restrictions

• Strict compliance with published speed restrictions is necessary to maintain lateral & longitudinal
spacing and to prevent “compression” of the sequential aircraft flow
• Where a speed reduction is required, ATC anticipates pilots will begin adjusting speed the minimum
distance necessary, commensurate with normal aircraft performance, prior to a published speed
restriction so as to cross the waypoint/fix at the published speed
• Once at the published speed, ATC expects pilots will maintain the published speed until additional
adjustment is required to comply with further published or ATC assigned speed restrictions or as
required to ensure compliance with 14 CFR Section 91.117
HYDRR
At 265 KT
Between
17000’ & 15000’
GEELA
At 250 KT MNSTR
At or Below At 250 KT
16000’ Between
16000’ & 15000’
HENSN
At 250 KT
At 11000’ NIMBY
At 210KT
At 7000’
Speed Begin Speed Reduction At The
265 KT Minimum Distance Necessary
LOOSY
Commensurate With Normal Aircraft
At 210KT
Performance To Cross GEELA At 250 KT. At 9000’
79
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
Speed Adjustments
• However, ATC may issue speed adjustments to address tactical requirements

necessary for the separation & spacing of aircraft
• ATC uses the phraseology “Maintain (Speed) Knots” to assign a speed to be
maintained:
– “Learjet Four Five Lima Juliet, Maintain Two Five Zero Knots”
• It is recommended that pilots provide the ATC-assigned speed on subsequent
frequency changes
– (ref: AIM 4-4-12. Speed Adjustments)
• ATC-assigned speeds remain in effect until canceled by ATC
• When issuing speed adjustments to aircraft cleared on procedures with published
speed restrictions, ATC will specify the point at which the issued restriction
begins, ends, or changes the published restrictions using the methods
described on the following slides to cancel or amend speed assignments
80
Speed Adjustments
Phraseology
“Climb Via” & “Descend Via”
• Absent any qualifying instructions, issuance of a climb or descend via clearance
cancels a previously issued ATC speed adjustment and provides pilot discretion
to adjust speed while requiring compliance with upcoming restrictions'
• ATC may require compliance with previously issued speed adjustments using
phraseology such as
– “Proceed To (WP Name), Then Climb/Descend Via...”
– “Maintain (Speed) Until (WP Name), Then Climb/Descend Via...”
– “Cross (WP Name) At (Speed) Then Climb/Descend Via....”
• Where there are no upcoming speed restrictions, issuance of a “Proceed Direct
(WP Name), Climb/Descend Via ....” cancels a previously issued speed
adjustment and authorizes speed at pilot's discretion as appropriate for the phase
of flight, ensuring compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
81
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
• Resume climb & comply with published altitude restrictions to the “Top Altitude” (FL 230)
• The last ATC‐assigned speed (230 KT) is canceled
• Pilot may adjust speed at their discretion in compliance with 14 CFR 91.117, not to exceed the
250 KT speed restriction at DOCKT
ATC Clearance #2:
“Climb Via SID”
ATC Clearance #1:
“Maintain One Three Thousand
And Two Three Zero Knots”
82
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #2:
“Proceed Direct SHOBO,
Climb Via The EEONS Three Departure”
ATC Clearance #1:
“Fly Heading Three Five Zero, Vectors For Spacing,
Do Not Exceed Two Five Zero Knots,
Expect To Resume The EEONS Three Departure”
• Proceed direct to SHOBO & resume EEONS SID
• Pilot may adjust speed at their discretion in compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
• Continue climb & comply with published altitude restrictions to the “Top Altitude” (FL 230)
83
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #2:
“Proceed Direct LENNN,
ATC Clearance #1:
Climb Via The STAKR Two Departure”
“Fly Heading Two Seven Zero, Vectors for Spacing,
Maintain Two Five Zero Knots,
Expect To Resume The STAKR Two Departure”
• Pilot may adjust speed at their discretion in compliance with
14 CFR 91.117, not to exceed the 280 KT speed restriction at LENNN
• Proceed direct to LENNN & track the lateral path of the STAKR SID
• Comply with published altitude & speed restrictions
84
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #1:
“Maintain Three One Zero Knots”
ATC Clearance #2:
“Descend Via The BRBBQ One Arrival, Landing North”
• Pilot may adjust speed at their discretion in compliance with 14 CFR 91.117
• Cross SAUCC at 290 KT
• Comply with published altitude restrictions to “Bottom Altitude” (4,000’)
Recommended That Pilots Not Make
Excessive Speed Variations Without Advising ATC

<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #1:
ATC Clearance #2:
“Maintain Three One Zero Knots Until SAUCC,
• Maintain ATC‐assigned speed (310 KT) until SAUCC.
• The 290 KT speed restriction at SAUCC is canceled
• Then, comply with the published speed restrictions beginning at BRBBQ

<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #2:
“Maintain Three One Zero Knots Until SAUCC,
ATC‐Assigned Speed
310 KT Until SAUCC
Speed Restriction
at SAUCC
is Canceled
SAUCC
At
290 KT
MARBI BRBBQ
At or below
FL260 At FNCHR
280 KT
At or below At
IGLOO
FL230 280 KT
Between
16000’ &
14000’
Begin Speed Reduction At The Minimum Distance
Necessary Commensurate With Normal Aircraft
Performance To Comply With The Next Published
Speed Restriction (BRBBQ At 280 KT)
87
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance #1:
ATC Clearance #2:
“Cross SAUCC At Two Niner Zero Knots,
• Maintain ATC‐assigned speed (310 KT)
• Cross SAUCC at 290 KT, Then…

88
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance:
“Fly Heading Two Seven Zero, Vectors For Weather Over QUENY,
Descend And Maintain One Zero Thousand,
Expect To Resume The EAGUL Five Arrival”
• 250 KT speed restriction is canceled
• Speed is at the pilot’s discretion
• Maintain ATC‐assigned altitude (10,000’)
• Expect to resume EAGUL Five
89
Speed Adjustments
ATC Clearance:
“Descend Via The EAGUL Five Arrival, Except Maintain Three Zero Zero Knots”
• Comply with published altitude restrictions to the “Bottom Altitude” (7,000’)
• Maintain 300 KT – Published speed restrictions are canceled
• When necessary, reduce to 250 KT below 10,000’ MSL (14 CFR 91.117)
• Then maintain 250 KT until advised by ATC
90
Speed Adjustments
Phraseology
“Resume Normal Speed”
• Used to terminate ATC assigned speed adjustments on segments where no published
speed restrictions apply
• It does not delete speed restrictions on upcoming segments of flight and does not relieve
the pilot of those speed restrictions which are applicable to 14 CFR Section 91.117
ATC Clearance:
“Maintain Two Three Zero Knots Until PEVEE,
Then Resume Normal Speed”
• Maintain 230 KT until PEVEE
• Resume normal speed passing PEVEE
• Do not exceed 250 KT until above 10,000’
91
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
Phraseology
“Resume Published Speed”
• Used by ATC to terminate a speed adjustment where speed
restrictions are published on a charted procedure
ATC Clearance #1:
“Descend Via The GEELA Six Arrival,
ATC Clearance #2:
Except Maintain Three One Zero Knots or Greater”
“After HYDRR, Resume Published Speeds”
92
Speed Adjustments
Complying With Speed Restrictions

• When instructed to “resume published speed,” ATC anticipates pilots will begin adjusting
speed the minimum distance necessary prior to a published speed restriction so as to cross
the waypoint/fix at the published speed
• Once at the published speed, ATC expects pilots will maintain the published speed until
additional adjustment is required to comply with further published or ATC assigned speed
restrictions or as required to ensure compliance with 14 CFR Section 91.117
HYDRR
ATC Clearance:
At 265 KT
Between
“After HYDRR, Resume Published Speeds”
17000’ & 15000’
GEELA
MNSTR
At 250 KT
At or Below At 250 KT
16000’ Between
16000’ & 15000’
HENSN
ATC‐Assigned Speed At 250 KT
At 11000’
310 KT or Greater NIMBY
At 210KT
At 7000’
Begin Speed Reduction At The Minimum Distance Necessary Commensurate
With Normal Aircraft Performance To Cross GEELA At 250 KT LOOSY
At 210KT
At 9000’
93
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
Phraseology
“Delete Speed Restrictions”
• ATC will advise the pilot to “Delete Speed Restrictions” when either
ATC assigned or published speed restrictions on a charted procedure
are no longer required
• When deleting published restrictions, ATC must ensure obstacle
clearance until aircraft are established on a route where no published
restrictions apply
• This does not relieve the pilot of those speed restrictions which are
applicable to 14 CFR Section 91.117
94
<ESC Exit>
Speed Adjustments
Initial IFR Clearance:
“Cleared…STAAV Four Departure, Dove Creek Transition, Climb Via SID…”
• Delete all speed restrictions on STAAV SID
• Do not exceed 250 KT until above 10,000’ (14 CFR 91.117)
• Comply with all published altitude restrictions
When Deleting Published Restrictions, ATC Must Ensure
After Takeoff ‐ ATC Clearance: Obstacle Clearance Until The Aircraft Is Established On A Route
“Delete Speed Restrictions” Where No Published Restrictions Apply
95
<ESC Exit>

Climb Via Descend Via Speed Adjustments

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Pilot Briefing:

Climb Via, Descend Via, Speed Adjustments

Rev: 2.00 28 Feb 2014 Procedures Effective April 3, 2014

• Simple, intuitive phraseology for issuing a clearance to laterally &

FAA Climb Via & Notice To Airman Frequently Asked

Climb Via (AIM 5-2-8 e 4)

*DCL = Departure Clearance Via Data Link FANS 1/A Aircraft/Operators

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 19

An ATC Clearance That Includes An IFR Departure Procedure

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

“Climb Via SID” Clearance

• Comply with published speed restrictions

Pilot/Controller Initial Contact Phraseology

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

“Climb Via SID”

Climb Via, Except Maintain…

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 28

“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain…”

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

“Climb Via SID, Except Maintain…”

• Climb to meet all published altitude restrictions STAAV

Pilot/Controller Initial Contact Phraseology

ATC Intervention On A SID

ATC Intervention On A SID

• If ATC interrupts lateral/vertical navigation while an aircraft is flying a SID,

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 36

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

• Initial IFR clearance:

“Maintain” or “Climb & Maintain…”

• Published altitude restrictions are canceled STAKR

• Climb to the assigned “Maintain” altitude ICECI

Speed Restrictions Published On A SID

FLIGHT XXXxxx/03 KLAS KDEN

Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider

• ATC-assigned SID in the “ROUTE” section

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

<XXxxxx> DEPARTING KLAS TRANSPONDER 6762

Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider

• ATC-assigned SID in the “ROUTE” section

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider

PDC Received: 2/14/2014 13:30:39

• ATC-assigned SID in the “REMARKS”

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider

Filed Flight Plan

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 48

Note: PDC Format Varies With AOC or Service Provider

Filed Flight Plan

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 49

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

Descend Via (AIM 5-4-1 a 2)

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes

©Jeppesen, Inc. Not for Navigation Purposes 55

• Otherwise, landing runway must be assigned by Arrival Controller on