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TM Mode in Circular Waveguide

The document discusses modes in circular waveguides. It defines TM and TE modes, and notes that the dominant mode is TE11. It provides the characteristic equations for different modes. It discusses calculating power transmission for different modes. Different methods for exciting TE and TM modes are described, including using a coaxial line to excite TM modes. Cutoff frequencies are defined based on the radius and material. An example problem is included to find the radius for a given cutoff frequency in air and dielectric filled guides.

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164 views

TM Mode in Circular Waveguide

The document discusses modes in circular waveguides. It defines TM and TE modes, and notes that the dominant mode is TE11. It provides the characteristic equations for different modes. It discusses calculating power transmission for different modes. Different methods for exciting TE and TM modes are described, including using a coaxial line to excite TM modes. Cutoff frequencies are defined based on the radius and material. An example problem is included to find the radius for a given cutoff frequency in air and dielectric filled guides.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TM Mode in Circular

Waveguide
• The TMnp modes in a circular guide are characterized by Hz = 0.
However, the z component of the electric field Ez must exist in order
to have energy transmission in the guide. Consequently, the
Helmholtz equation for Ez in a circular waveguide is given by

• Its solution is given in Eq.


• Since Jn(kcr) are oscillatory functions there are infinite numbers of
roots of Jn(kcr). Table 4-2-2 tabulates a few of them for some lower
order n.
• Some of the TM-mode characteristic equations in the circular guide
are identical to those of the TE mode, but some are different. For
convenience, all are shown here:
• It should be noted that the dominant mode, or the mode of lowest
cutoff frequency in a circular waveguide, is the mode of TE11 that has
the smallest value of the product, kc a = 1. 841
Example :
• An air-filled circular waveguide has a radius of 2 cm and is to carry
energy at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find all the TEnp and TMnp modes
for which energy transmission is possible.
Power Transmission in Circular Waveguides or
Coaxial Lines
• In general, the power transmitted through circular waveguides and
coaxial lines can be calculated by means of the complex Poynting
theorem
• For a lossless dielectric, the time-average power transmitted through
a circular guide can be given by
• For TEnp modes, the average power transmitted through a circular
guide is given by
Excitations of Modes in Circular Waveguides
• TE modes have no z component of an electric field, and TM modes
have no z component of magnetic intensity. If a device is inserted in a
circular guide in such a way that it excites only a z component of
electric intensity, the wave propagating through the guide will be the
TM mode; on the other hand,
• if a device is placed in a circular guide in such a manner that only the
z component of magnetic intensity exists, the traveling wave will be
the TE mode. The methods of excitation for various modes in circular
waveguides are shown in Fig. 4-2-7.
•D
• A common way to excite TM modes in a circular guide is by a coaxial
line as shown in Fig. 4-2-8. At the end of the coaxial line a large
magnetic intensity exists in the ∅ direction of wave propagation. The
magnetic field from the coaxial line will excite the TM modes in the
guide. However, when the guide is connected to the source by a
coaxial line, a discontinuity problem at the junction will increase the
standing-wave ratio on the line and eventually decrease the power
transmission.
• It is often necessary to place a turning device around the junction in
order to suppress the reflection.
H.W. solution
• A circular waveguide has a cutoff frequency of 9 GHz in dominant
mode.
a. Find the inside diameter of the guide if it is air-filled.
b. Determine the inside diameter of the guide if the guide is dielectric-
filled. The relative dielectric constant is Er = 4.
𝑋𝑛𝑝
• 𝑓𝑐 =
2𝜋𝑎 𝜇𝜖
9 1.841
• 9 × 10 =
2𝜋×𝑎× 𝜇𝜖
1.841×3×108
• 9 × 109 =
2𝜋×𝑎

• 𝑎 = 0.0097𝑚
9 1.841×3×108
• 9 × 10 =
2𝜋×𝑎× 𝜖𝑟
1.841×3×108
• 9 × 109 =
2𝜋×𝑎× 4
• a=4.85mm

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