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    Cross Sectional Area of Welds

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    Juan Rodriguez

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cross Sectional Area of Welds

    Uploaded by

    Juan Rodriguez
    239 views4 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    239 views4 pages

    Cross Sectional Area of Welds

    Uploaded by

    Juan Rodriguez

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Página 

    23 de 45

    filler metals or welding processes. This assumes that the metals and processes provide enough increase either in 
    penetration, to allow joint designs requiring less filler metal, or in deposition rates, to reduce welding times.

    Groove Welds

    For groove welds the bevel angle greatly affects the filler metal volume. As the groove angle increases, a larger 
    volume of filler metal is required to fill it during welding. Because the volume is in proportion to the angle, the 
    wider the angle, the greater the volume. Knowing the bevel angle, the filler metal volume can be calculated.

    FIGURE 18-13 Increasing the weld size increases


    cost. Note that labor is 80% of the total cost (based on typical modern welding rates and efficiencies). © 
    Cengage Learning 2012   

    The first thing in determining the filler metal volume required during welding is to find the cross-sectional area 
    of the weld groove. The cross-sectional area is equal to one-half of the root opening times the bevel depth. Use 
    the following formula to find the cross-sectional area of the weld:

    Formula 18-1

       

    Some large grooved joints have a root opening that will require a substantial volume of filler metal. To 
    determine the volume of filler metal required for this part of the weld, you must first find the cross-sectional area 
    of the root opening. The cross-sectional area of the root opening is equal to the plate thickness times the root 
    gap. Use the following formula to find the cross-sectional area of the root:
    Página 24 de 45

    Formula 18-2

    CSroot = PT × RG

    Where:

    CSroot = cross-sectional area of the root opening

    PT = plate thickness

    RG = root gap

    P. 467
      

    The total cross-sectional area of the weld in Figure 18-11 is the sum of the cross-sectional area of the weld plus 
    the cross-sectional area of the root opening. Use the following formula to find the total cross-sectional area of the 
    weld:

    Formula 18-3

    TCS = CSweld + CSroot

    Where:

    TCS = total cross-sectional area

    CSweld = cross-sectional area of the weld

    CSroot = cross-sectional area of the root opening

    The total groove volume is then determined by multiplying the total cross-sectional area of the groove by the 
    weld length. Use the following formula to find the total groove volume of the weld:

    Formula 18-4

    GV = TCS × WL

    Where:

    GV = groove volume

    TCS = total cross-sectional area

    WL = weld length

    Fillet Welds
    The deep penetration processes of fillet welds offer lower costs and improved weld quality. Smaller fillet welds 
    with deeper penetration also have the potential
    Página 25 de 45

    FIGURE 18-14 Find the weld groove volume. © Cengage 


    Learning 2012   

    for yielding much stronger welds, Figure 18-15. The cross-sectional area of a fillet weld is equal to 1/2 of the 
    weld leg height times the weld leg width:

    Formula 18-5

       

    FIGURE 18-15 The red 1/4-in. (6-mm) fillet weld is


    stronger than the other fillet weld and contains about one-half the amount of filler metal. © Cengage 
    Learning 2012   
    Página 26 de 45

      
    TABLE 18-7 Density of Metals
    Material Weight lb/in.3 Weight g/cm3
    Aluminum 0.096 2.73
    Steel 0.287 7.945
     

     TABLE 18-7 Density of Metals   

    The fillet weld volume is determined in the same manner as the groove weld, by multiplying the area times the 
    length:

    Formula 18-6

    GV = CSweld × WL

    Where:

    GV = groove volume

    CSweld = cross-sectional area of the weld

    WL = weld length

      

    Practice 18-1: Finding Weld Groove Volume


    Using a pencil, paper, and calculator, determine the total volume of the following groove welds, Figure 18-14.

    1. V-groove joint with the following dimensions:

    Width, 3/8 in.

    Depth, 3/8 in.

    Root opening, 1/8 in.

    Thickness, 1/2 in.

    Weld length, 144 in.

    Bevel joint with the following dimensions:

    Width, 0.25 in.

    Depth, 0.375 in.

    Root opening, 0.062 in.

    Thickness, 0.5 in.

    Weld length, 96 in.

    2. V-groove joint with the following dimensions:

    Width, 12 mm

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