The Merits and Demerits of Dams On The Environment Assignment by Manish Kumar

THE MERITS AND DEMERITS OF DAMS ON THE
ENVIRONMENT ASSIGNMENT BY MANISH KUMAR

DEPARTMENT DIRECTION
While preparing the water resources projects, it is important to make clear

what the environmental impacts of the project may be when it is executed.
The environmental impacts of the dams have been written down below in
numerical order.
These are;
1.The sediment feeding of downstream channels or coastline beaches is

stopped as a result of dam building and sediment storage in reservoirs.
Corrosion is possible. Because this method prevents the transfer of
sediments, the egg-laying zone of fish living in the stream ecosystem is
also limited.
2. After laying beneath the reservoir, archaeological and historical sites,

as well as geological and topographical sites of rare beauty, vanish.
3. Reproduction of migrating fishes is hindered by the floods that harm the

egg beds. Or the egg gravel beds can be destructed while the excavation
and coating works in the stream beds.
4. As a result of reservoir formation, the temperature of the water, salt

content, and oxygen distribution may change vertically. This could result
in the emergence of new living species. (2001, International River Network;
2001, Canadian Dam Association).
5. Normal passing ways of territorial animals are hindered since the dam
works as a barrier. Meanwhile the upstream fish movement aiming at
ovulation and feeding is prevented and thus fish population decreases
significantly (Stott and Smith, 2001).
6. Rise in evaporation loses may be expected as a result of the increase in

the water surface area
7. There will be serious changes within the water quality as a results of

drainage water coming back from irrigation that was done supported the
irrigation projects. In other words, over transfer of food and therefore the
increase in salt density can raise water lichens and should change water
living species.
8. Species may change due to erosion caused by human activities or
permanent increase in water turbidity caused by dam construction.
9. Discharge of toxic matters (pesticides, toxic metals etc.) and their

condensation in food chain may affect sensitive animals immediately; all
living organisms may expire when the stream becomes unable to recover
itself.
10. The water regime may change as a result of destruction of nature,

unexpected floods may occur and consequently vegetation and natural
structures in the riverbanks can be damaged.
11. Some increase in earthquakes may occur because of filling of big dam
reservoirs.
12. The fishes can be harmed while going through the conduits, turbines
and siphons of the great bodied dams. Waste of bogs and other water
BASIN WATER MANAGEMENT 763 aggregations and the uncovering works
causing changes in the stream bed structures influence the animals living
here adversely; even outcome in their passing.
13.Microclimatic and even some regional climate changes may be

observed related to the changes in air moisture percentage,air
temperature, air movements in big scale and the changes in the region
topography caused by the stagnant, big scaled mass of water.
14. Water-soil-nutrient relations, which come into existence downstream

related to the floods occurring from time to time in a long period of time,
change. Depending on this fact, compulsory changes come into existence
in the agricultural habits of the people living in this region and also in the
flora and fauna.
15. Dams may cause increases in water sourced illnesses like typhus,
typhoid fever, malaria and cholera.
Lastly, The dams significantly affect the social, cultural and economic
fabric of the area. In particular, forcing people with settlements and
underwater lands to migrate negatively affects their psyche. More effects
can be added to this list. The most important point that must be
considered here is to clearly distinguish temporary damage from
permanent and irreversible damage. Mandating groups including
biologists, engineers, hydrologists, sociologists and other professional
groups to participate in environmental impact studies and alternatives
as their mission in estimating environmental impacts.

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THE MERITS AND DEMERITS OF DAMS ON THE

ENVIRONMENT ASSIGNMENT BY MANISH KUMAR

While preparing the water resources projects, it is important to make clear

1.The sediment feeding of downstream channels or coastline beaches is

2. After laying beneath the reservoir, archaeological and historical sites,

3. Reproduction of migrating fishes is hindered by the floods that harm the

4. As a result of reservoir formation, the temperature of the water, salt

6. Rise in evaporation loses may be expected as a result of the increase in

7. There will be serious changes within the water quality as a results of

9. Discharge of toxic matters (pesticides, toxic metals etc.) and their

10. The water regime may change as a result of destruction of nature,

13.Microclimatic and even some regional climate changes may be

14. Water-soil-nutrient relations, which come into existence downstream

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