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    Transfer of Learning

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    maddy mahi
    The document discusses the concept of transfer of learning, which is when knowledge or skills learned in one context are applied in another context. It provides definitions and examples of transfer of learning, and discusses three theories that explain transfer of learning: the theory of mental faculties, the theory of identical elements, and the theory of generalization of experience.

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    Transfer of Learning

    Uploaded by

    maddy mahi
    38 views5 pages
    The document discusses the concept of transfer of learning, which is when knowledge or skills learned in one context are applied in another context. It provides definitions and examples of transfer of learning, and discusses three theories that explain transfer of learning: the theory of mental faculties, the theory of identical elements, and the theory of generalization of experience.

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    The document discusses the concept of transfer of learning, which is when knowledge or skills learned in one context are applied in another context. It provides definitions and examples of transfer of learning, and discusses three theories that explain transfer of learning: the theory of mental faculties, the theory of identical elements, and the theory of generalization of experience.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views5 pages

    Transfer of Learning

    Uploaded by

    maddy mahi
    The document discusses the concept of transfer of learning, which is when knowledge or skills learned in one context are applied in another context. It provides definitions and examples of transfer of learning, and discusses three theories that explain transfer of learning: the theory of mental faculties, the theory of identical elements, and the theory of generalization of experience.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Transfer of learning

    Learning is transferable. It consists of many phases and experiences, which connect one
    kind of learning to the other. Learning experience facilitating other kinds of learning.
    The influence of previous learning on present learning is called as “transfer of
    learning”. The transfer of learning helps in optimizing the learning process. 

    The carry-over of knowledge could be termed as “transfer”. Transfer of learning is


    defined as the thinking, feeling, habit, knowledge and skill that are carried over from
    one learning task to another task.

    The essence of learning is that a previously learnt fact (previous experiences) should be
    linked with a present experience. This is because human being must be dynamic and
    that the prior experience will make them to develop the new skills and knowledge. The
    influence that past experience has on the succeeding experience is called transfer of
    learning.

     It is the application of skills and knowledge learned in one context being applied in
    another context.
     When we talk about the transfer of generalization, it is the extension of an idea to
    a new field. 
     Transfer of learning is possible only when a person develops the ability of finding
    out the identity of relationships and using it to solve solutions in new situations
    and for this, insight is necessary.
     Transfer of learning can also be viewed as problem solving, in which experience in
    one task influences the performance of another.
     Transfer of learning comes from similarity of contents, similarity of techniques,
    similarity of principles, or a combination of these.
    THEORIES OF TRANSFER OF LEARNING
    There are two important theories which explain transfer of learning. These are
    known as modern theories

    1. Theory of mental Faculties/ Theory of Formal Discipline:


     This theory was propounded by the Greek Philosophers, notable among
    them was Aristotle.
     The basic tenet of the theory is that human mind is sub-divided into
    different powers of faculties like memory, judgment, reasoning or thinking.
     This theory believes that exercises and regular practice will strengthen the
    mental faculties.
     (in the same way that exercise strengthens the body; the more difficult
    the mental exercise, the more impact it would have on the faculties).
     Although the formal discipline theory was subsequently rejected on
    several grounds, some aspects of the theory are still upheld today. 

    The theory therefore dismisses the concept of transfer of learning. To it, a well trained
    and disciplined mind is the ingredient needed for understanding of new information.

    2. Theory of identical elements:


     This theory has been developed by E.L.Thorndike. According to him
    most of transfer occurs from one situation to another in which there
    are most similar or identical elements.
     This theory explains that carrying over from one situation to another is
    roughly proportional to the degree of resemblance in situation,
    in other words- more the similarity, more the transfer.
     The degree of transfer increases as the similarity of elements
    increase. For example, learning to ride moped is easy after learning to
    ride a bicycle. Here, transfer is very fast because of identical elements
    in both vehicles.
     Thorndike was convinced that the method used in guiding a pupil’s
    learning activities had a great effect upon the degree of transferability
    of his learning.
    3. Theory of generalization of experience: 
     This theory was developed by Charles Judd. Theory of generalization
    assumes that what is learnt in task ‘A’ transfers to task ‘B’, because in
    studying ‘A’, the learner develops a general principle which applies in
    part or completely in both ‘A’ and ‘B’.
     Experiences, habits, knowledge gained in one situation help us to
    the extent to which they can be generalized and applied to another
    situation.
     Generalization consists of perceiving and understanding what is
    common to a number of situations. The ability of individuals to
    generalize knowledge varies with the degree of their intelligence.

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