Part-Time Job Correlates The Academic Performance of Grade 12 Abm Students
Part-Time Job Correlates The Academic Performance of Grade 12 Abm Students
Part-Time Job Correlates The Academic Performance of Grade 12 Abm Students
SUBMITTED BY:
GROUP 4
RESEARCHERS:
Canero, Rafael
Dady, Alexandre
Espiritu, Genein
Lucion, Julianna
Nicolas, Gabrielle
Palita, Angelina
Tupaz, Raissa
SUBMITTED TO:
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter
Introduction …………………. 1
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Instruments of the Study …………………. 13
BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………. 16
QUESTIONNAIRE …………………. 18
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CHAPTER 1
Introduction
In the last few decades, working while studying has become common among
undergraduate students. Most of the students' reason why they need to work is to save
up for their college or to support their financial needs. A part-time job demands fewer
hours per week than a full-time job; part-time employees are those who work fewer than
30 or 35 hours a week regularly. Working part-time can be done for various reasons,
including a desire to do so, having one's hours reduced by an employer, or being unable
to obtain full-time employment. According to The College Board (2007), students who
work are more self-assured and have better time management abilities than students
who do not work. Aside from providing a wage, some independence, and enjoyment, a
part-time job may also give training and experience. Despite its benefits, a part-time job
can have a negative impact not just on students' academic achievement but also on
their psychological and physical well-being. As a result, combining work and study can
Being a working student is very difficult, especially for those with a parent
who cannot support them financially. Arceo et al. (2003) indicated that one of the
adverse effects is that working hours take time away from studying, leading to worse
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grades and less appealing post-college options. Moreover, one option for addressing
the problem is to balance employment and study to assist them in thriving in college.
lives just like the imposition of virtual classes all over the country; but, the good thing is
that we are able to adapt to this new normal and learn many things. The coronavirus
pandemic has shone a focus on one of the issues that have still to be addressed:
students were not enrolled due to not being able to adapt to the new education system.
According to DepEd, this school year (2020-2021), 25.04 million students are
registered in public schools, private schools, and state/local universities and colleges.
There are 2,732,467 fewer pupils in all grade levels this year than the previous year (-10
percent). Students requesting a quality education, No student left behind? During the
pandemic, education 'only for those who can afford,' some students are now prioritizing
This research will identify additional elements that will help these students
research study among Grade 12 students to discover the crucial motivating factors that
drive students to work and study simultaneously. More significantly, they must learn
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about the beneficial effects of their efforts and the adverse impact that distracts them
along the way. The main objective was to discover the possible causes, evaluate the
effects of part-time job on Grade 12 students' academic performance, and identify the
This part focuses around existing and relevant literature and studies that the
presents the synthesis of the art to fully understand the research for better
Anderson (2018), in her article, points out how working while studying has
helped students grow as a person. Working students who work in high school are less
they may feel excluded and isolated from their friends, particularly on weekends when
they are at work while their friends are out having fun. Working an after-school job, of
course, implies less time with the family at home in the evenings. In addition, these
working students may stretch themselves too thin, and, as a result, their grades may
suffer. They are more likely to have lower academic and career goals, including less
likely attending college than their non-working students. However, despite the adverse
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outcomes of working, such as declining grades, holding down a job while in high school
Build Character. Working in high school can help students develop their
college applications. Students who work can develop as much character as those who
management. These abilities will be helpful later in college and when students begin
―Working more than 15 hours per week will influence students' overall
thorough understanding of time management; fill in each time slot with classes, job
hours, study time, extracurricular activities, and social time using a calendar or
scheduling app. Besides, making a list of responsibilities can assist them in determining
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the best schedule to fit into their calendar.‖ (Dr. Meier, 2018). This means that students
should be able to balance work and study in order to have a good academic
performance. Students should be able to handle several obligations at once, this will
help them equip new skills and discover hidden abilities, that can provide a path that
concept of "work-study balance" for many years. He mentions that although there are
various reasons at play, financial difficulties remain the most common cause for
students working part-time (or full-time). In his research, he spells out a way students’
can have a better way of scheduling. It is through the Eisenhower Decision Matrix,
which divides daily tasks into essential and urgent categories. The matrix employs a
quadrant with the following labels: (1) Important and Urgent, (2) Important but Not
Urgent, (3) Not Important but Urgent, and (4) Not Important and Not Urgent. Thus,
students’ must be able to prioritize all the things that they need to do in order to have
education system shifts into distance learning. While some students benefit from the
ease of a stable internet connection and gadgets – others are not privileged. Some
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students need to work on the side to survive while taking online classes. The
Department of Education reports that over 24 million students return to school this year,
down from 27.7 million last year. The pandemic brought struggles to many students,
who had no choice but to persevere.‖ (Anonymous, 2020). It means that some students’
need to go the extra mile to meet the new changes in the education system.
With accordance to the study of (Wadood et al., 2018) it showed results that
half of the 387 students asked were willing to combine part-time work and schooling
with only one day off per week to gain skills, ensure their future, meet their economic
demands, and complete their studies. The students wished for some free time to
complete their assignments, rest, and find a job. He also states that the duration of a
part-time job may impact students' academic and co-curricular activities. The secondary
level students' abilities, such as time management, sense of responsibility, and time and
workplace organization, may develop through part-time employment. This study shows
that the duration of their jobs may leave an impact on the academic performance; on the
other hand students are able to develop abilities through their job.
academic development of 226 teacher trainees in Year I and Year II it showed results
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Average or progression. However, those on Normal Progression were less likely to be
test the findings' validity and generalizations with different university demographic
groupings. The study mentions that he primary motivation for employment was financial
since it would help with maintenance and tuition payments. (Oonyu, 2019)
understudies are now working part-time to help with their financial needs at school. The
driving forces of students who are working while studying are financial support, self-
for covering the costs of their studies, gives them a sense of financial responsibility, and
helps them develop accounting skills (Accion et al., 2019). ―Managing the stress that
comes with being a working undergrad and ensuring that you have at least one night off
every week will reduce your stress levels tenfold.‖ (Mitchell, 2016). This study shows
that the reason for students to be working has to do with their financial needs. There is
also a mention of having at least on day off, so they can catch up with their studies
better.
into two categories: personal and school-related. They are having a difficult time as a
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result of the difficulties they are facing. In this study, it states that working students who
can already complete two tasks on the same day, will be able to modify, adapt, and
cope with the challenges. They are most-likely to find work after graduation because
they already have experience. They are already productive, welltrained employees, and
they are just what businesses are looking for these days. This means that even though
they face more difficulties than non-working students, being a working student has its
working student is so that they can assess what additional programs they can do to
To Teachers, we all know that not all teachers are considerate. This study
will help them to have a better understanding of the situation of working students
comprehending the circumstances of students who work and study. This study informs
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the students to manage their time balancedly in their responsibilities in work and in
school.
findings of this study for further research and investigation particularly related to the
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
academic performance of the students. Depending on the working hours, it will reflect
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From a theoretical point of view, there are some benchmark theories that are
related to this issue. In terms of academic outcomes, the Theory of the Allocation of
Time (Becker, 1965) can be used as a standard reference, where it can be concluded
achievement due to the trade-off between study and working time. However, students
who work part-time while in college may not always do worse academically than full-
time students only if they can effectively manage their time allocation (Dundes and
The goal of this study is to assess the effects of part-time job in Grade 12
ABM Students’ Academic Performance. The following are the research questions to be
2. What is the relationship between students’ work hours and their academic
performance?
4. What are the effects of doing a part-time job on students’ academic performance?
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Hypothesis of the Study
From the problem stated above, the following Hypotheses are formulated:
Definition of Terms
Achievement
Part-Time Job – A type of work that does not require as many hours per
Working Students – A person who works and studies at the same time.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of Part-Time Job to the
Academic Performance of Grade 12 Students in Lagro High School. This does not apply
for those students who are not attending Lagro High School, other grade levels and
accurate data needed for this research. The study was conducted during the academic
year 2021-2022.
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CHAPTER 2
problems posed for investigation. Specifically, the methods and techniques used,
respondents of the study, instruments of the study, data gathering procedure, data
processing and statistical treatment, and ethical considerations were explained in the
chapter.
analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires and surveys. This allows
researchers to assess how part-time jobs affect the student’s academic performance.
sampling that works like chain referral. It is a process in which research participants
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recruit other people to take part in a test or study. It's employed when finding potential
participants is difficult. We, the researchers will identify potential subjects in the
population where only one or two subjects can be found initially. After that, we will ask
those subjects to recruit other people. Participants are made aware that they do not
have to provide any other names to avoid invading their privacy. Other research
participants would most likely know others in similar situations and might advise them of
Furthermore, some working students are too busy or they are just afraid or
timid to tell that to others their situation. These steps are repeated until the needed
This study will utilize a survey form as a research instrument. It will be the
primary source used in gathering data. It was originally taken from Ting (2019), the
instrument is separated into two sections: demographics and working hours. The
In this section, the researchers described the steps involved in the data
collection. First, a letter of request to conduct a study was furnished to our research
adviser. Upon approval of the adviser, we ask for the students’ permission if they can
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participate in the survey. Then after securing their permit, we patiently wait for their
response. Lastly, the questionnaire was checked to make sure that there was no
The data collected by the researchers were encoded to the MS Excel from
the frequency of response of the students according to the survey given. Based on the
measure of the survey, the researcher will use statistics and numbers to analyze all the
results. Data gathered were presented in tables and graphs in accordance to each
research question. In order to find out how much time they work, it will be put into
different categories: 1- 5 hours, 6-10 hours, 11-20 hours, and 20 or more hours per
week. To fully assess the effects of a job on the Students' Academic performance, their
Academic performance was also looked into, and classified as High with scores from
90-100, Average with scores from 80-89, and Low with scores from 70-79. Moreover,
Ethical Considerations
After the participants were recognized, informed consent was sought from
them. Before gathering the data, the major ethical issues concerning anonymity and
confidentiality, consent, privacy and safety of the participants will deal with it.
Participants were informed about the confidentiality clause. In this issue, it implies the
protection of personal information. The researchers must do not harm their participants
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because respect shall be highly acknowledged. Besides, the researchers will establish
trust with the research participants and will attain this by anonymity and confidentiality
with the limits of law such as; the researchers will survey students about their academic
comfortable. The final report and transcripts will not reflect the subject's personal
information such as their names although some participants have satisfaction with their
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Arceo, C., Dunca, M., & Tena, L. (2013) Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of
the Working in Polytechnic University of The Philippines Santa Rosa Campus
https://www.academia.edu/5323781/factors_affecting_the_academic_perfor
mance_of_the_working
Anderson, M. (2018) What Are the Effects of Part Time Jobs on High School Students?
https://www.theclassroom.com/effects-part-time-jobs-high-school-students-
18007.html
Dr. Meier, K. (2018) How Many Hours a Week Should a High-Schooler Work?
https://www.theclassroom.com/decision-7250127-many-week-should-high-
schooler-work-.html
Nucum, K.N. (2018) Balancing job and academics as a working student in the
Philippines
https://www.edukasyon.ph/blog/balancing-job-and-academics-as-a-working-
student-in-the-philippines
Wadood, A., Hussain, I.A., and Razah, K.K. (2018) The Impact of Part-Time
Employment on the Academic Performance in Perspective of the Students of
Government Secondary Schools in District Peshawar.
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+Impact+of+Part-
Time+Employment+on+the+Academic+Performance+in...-a0565198574
Oonyu, J. (2019) Does Part-Time Job Affect University Students' Academic Progress?
The Case of Makerere University's Teacher Trainee Employment in Greater
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Novaliches, Quezon City, Metro Manila
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Kampala Secondary Schools, Uganda
https://eric.ed.gov/?q=part+time+job+among+students&id=EJ1233530
Becker, G. S., (1965), "A theory of the allocation of time", Economic Journal, 75: 493–
517
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ecoj.12157
Tan X.T. (2019) The Effect of Doing Part-Time Job on Students’ Academic
https://file/57593587/The-effects-of-doing-part-time-job-on-students-
academic-performance-docx/
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QUESTIONNAIRE
As part of the study, the researchers of Lagro Senior High School of 12 ABM
would like to ask for your honest answer. Rest assured that all the information provided
will be kept strictly confidential for the mere purpose of research only. Your cooperation
Instruction: For you CGPA, kindly put your general average for the first
1. Male Female
1-5 hours 6-10 hours 11-20 hours 20 or more than hours per week
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