Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 167 views

    ADCI Supervisor's Certification Examination: Diving Formula Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    sequeiradiver1
    The document provides formulas and guidelines for various diving physics concepts including: 1) Conversions between pressure units like PSIG, PSIA, ATA, and calculations for pressure at various depths. 2) Gas laws including Dalton's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Henry's Law which describe gas behavior under pressure changes. 3) Calculations for gas consumption, travel time, surface intervals, cylinder volumes, and lifting capacities for salvage operations. Standard tables and formulas are given to help divers calculate important values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    ADCI Supervisor's Certification Examination: Diving Formula Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    sequeiradiver1
    167 views5 pages
    The document provides formulas and guidelines for various diving physics concepts including: 1) Conversions between pressure units like PSIG, PSIA, ATA, and calculations for pressure at various depths. 2) Gas laws including Dalton's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Henry's Law which describe gas behavior under pressure changes. 3) Calculations for gas consumption, travel time, surface intervals, cylinder volumes, and lifting capacities for salvage operations. Standard tables and formulas are given to help divers calculate important values.

    Original Title

    Imperial Formula Sheet

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document provides formulas and guidelines for various diving physics concepts including: 1) Conversions between pressure units like PSIG, PSIA, ATA, and calculations for pressure at various depths. 2) Gas laws including Dalton's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Henry's Law which describe gas behavior under pressure changes. 3) Calculations for gas consumption, travel time, surface intervals, cylinder volumes, and lifting capacities for salvage operations. Standard tables and formulas are given to help divers calculate important values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    167 views5 pages

    ADCI Supervisor's Certification Examination: Diving Formula Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    sequeiradiver1
    The document provides formulas and guidelines for various diving physics concepts including: 1) Conversions between pressure units like PSIG, PSIA, ATA, and calculations for pressure at various depths. 2) Gas laws including Dalton's Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Henry's Law which describe gas behavior under pressure changes. 3) Calculations for gas consumption, travel time, surface intervals, cylinder volumes, and lifting capacities for salvage operations. Standard tables and formulas are given to help divers calculate important values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    ADCI Supervisor’s

    Certification Examination

    Diving Formula Worksheet


    PSIG to PSIA PSIA to PSIG

    PSIA = PSIG + 14.7 PSIG = PSIA – 14.7


    Round up to the next whole number Round up to the next whole number

    Depth (fsw) to PSIG PSIG to Depth (fsw)

    PSIG = Depth x .445 Depth = PSIG divided by .445


    Round up to next whole number Round up to next whole number

    PSIG to Atmospheres Absolute (ATA) Atmospheres Absolute (ATA) to PSIG

    ATA = (PSIG + 14.7) (ATA – 1) x 14.7 = PSIG


    14.7
    Carry two decimal places

    Depth (fsw) to Atmospheres Absolute (ATA)


    ATA = Depth + 33
    33
    Carry two decimal places
    ATA to Depth (fsw)
    ATA – 1 x 33 = Depth (fsw)
    Round up to next whole number

    1
    DALTON’S LAW (“T” Formula)

    PP

    ATA % of Gas
    PP = Partial Pressure
    % = Percent by Volume of the identified gas
    ATA = Atmospheres Absolute

    GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW

    P2 = P1 x T2
    T1

    Volume is constant
    T1 = Initial Temperature (absolute)
    T2 = Final Temperature (absolute)
    P1 = Initial Pressure (absolute)
    P2 = Final Pressure (absolute)

    CHARLES’ LAW

    V2 = P1 x T2
    T1

    Pressure is constant
    T1 = Initial Temperature (absolute)
    T2 = Final Temperature (absolute)
    P1 = Initial Pressure (absolute)
    P2 = Final Pressure (absolute)

    Boyles Law (Pressure/Volume Relationship)


    DL + 33
    ---------- X OV = NV
    DA + 33

    DL= Depth Left


    DA = Depth Arrived
    OV = Original Volume
    NV = New Volume

    2
    Henry’s Law
    (The Law of Gas Absorption and Solubility) EXPLANATION:
    • “The amount of any given gas that will dissolve in a liquid at a given temperature is directly
    proportional to the partial pressure of that gas.”
    • Gas diffuses and dissolves in blood, because of the difference in partial pressure, between inhaled and
    exhaled air.
    • The inert gas in the breathing media, (nitrogen or helium), will be dissolved into the diver’s body tissues
    as he is descending and during the time spent on bottom.
    • Whatever gases that has been dissolved in a diver’s body tissues, at a given depth and pressure, will
    remain in the tissues, as long as the depth is maintained. As the diver starts to ascend, more and more
    of the dissolved gas will come out of his tissues. If his ascent is controlled, as through the use of the
    decompression table, the dissolved gas will be carried to the lungs and exhaled, before it accumulates
    sufficiently to form significant bubbles in the blood or tissues.

    General Gas Law (Pressure/Volume/Temperature Relationship)

    (P1 x V1 ) ÷ T1 = (P2 x V2) ÷ T2

    Degrees Fahrenheit to Rankine


    R˚ = F˚ + 460˚
    Degrees Celsius to Absolute
    C˚ + 273˚ = Degrees Kelvin
    Degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius
    5 x ( F˚ – 32˚ ) ÷9 = Celsius (carry 1 decimal place)
    Degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit
    ( 9 x C˚ ) ÷ 5 = 32˚ = Fahrenheit (carry 1 decimal place)

    Gas Volume Requirement Formula If Using an LP Compressor


    SCFM = ATA x ACFM x N

    Gas Volume Requirement Formula If Using an HP Gas Bank


    SCF = ATA x ACFM x N x T
    SCFM = Standard Cubic Feet per Minute
    SCF = Standard Cubic Feet
    ATA = Atmospheres Absolute
    ACFM = Actual Cubic Feet Per Minute
    N = Number of Divers
    T = Time (Always expressed in minutes)

    3
    Minimum Manifold Pressure

    MMP = D x .445 + Over Bottom Pressure


    (OBP is established by company or a set standard used)
    Round up to next whole number
    __________________________________________________________________

    Gas Consumption
    Free-Flow Type Hat(Desco, MK V) 4.5 ACFM
    Demand Type Hat(Superlite/Miller) 1.4 ACFM
    Built-in-Breathing System(BIBS) 0.3 ACFM

    Treatment Gas Mixtures ( O2/HeO2/N2O2 )


    Depth (fsw) Gas Mixture PPO2
    0 – 60 fsw 100 % O2 1.00 – 2.81 ATA
    61 – 165 fsw 50/50% HeO2 or N2O2 1.42 – 3.00 ATA
    166 – 225 fsw 64/36% HeO2 2.17 – 2.80 ATA

    Calculating In-Water Travel Time


    1. Depth left (ft/m) minus(-) Depth arrived (ft/m) = Distance Traveled (ft/m)
    2. Distance Traveled divided(÷) by ascent/descent rate = minutes (and/or
    percentage of a minute in decimal
    3. Whole number is minute(s). Decimal is percentage of minute. Take
    decimal and multiply(x) by 60 (number of seconds in a minute). Decimal will
    then convert to actual seconds. FOR EXAMPLE:
    215 fsw – 87 fsw = 128 fsw Ascent rate: 30 fpm
    128 fsw ÷ 30 fpm = 4.26 ( 4 minutes and .26 or 26% of a minute)
    .26 x 60 = 15.6 seconds (round up to next whole second)= 16 seconds
    :4::16 is your travel time from 215’ to 87’

    One Example of: Calculating Surface Interval


    Reached surface (RS) @ 2305 hrs.
    Left surface (LS) @ 0317 hrs. ( carry over 24 hr. clock )
    0317 hrs. could be expressed, ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF CALCULATION, as 2717
    hrs. 2717 minus(-) 2305 = 4:12
    4 hrs. and 12 min.

    4
    Salvage Formulas

    Area of a Square or Rectangle


    Length x Width

    Area of a Cylinder
    Ends = (¼П x D²) x 2
    Tube = (П x D) x L
    Ends + Tube = Total Area

    Volume of a Cube
    Length x Width x Height = Volume

    Volume of a Cylinder
    (П x D²) ÷ 4 x Height = Volume

    Lifting Capacity
    Volume x Weight of Water – Weight of Lifting Device = Lifting Capacity

    You might also like