Q2 M7

Example 1. Find the distance between V(1, 3) and W(8, 3).
V W
Solutions: x
y
Solutions:
S
Observe that both points QQand S have exactly the same x- coordinate of 3.
Hence, they are aligned vertically and are having the vertical distance. Thus,
QS=|6(−2)|= |6 + 2| = 6 or QS = 8.
Take note that QS refers to “the distance from Q to S”.
47
y
B(x2, y2)
A(x1, y1)
Example 1: Find the distance between A(2, 3) and B(8, 8).

Solutions: The following can be the steps in finding the distance between
A and B.
Step 1. Assign values for x1 , y1 , x2 , and y2 based on the coordinates of
the given points A and B. So, let x1 = 2 , y1 = 3 , x2 = 8 and y2 = 8.
Step 2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2 in the
distance formula AB = √ (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 . That is,
AB = √ (8 − 2)2 + (8 − 3 )2
Step 3. Simplify the resulting equation obtained in step 2.
AB = √ (8 − 2)2 + (8 − 3 )2
= √ (6)2 + (5)2
= √ 36 + 25
= √ 61
≈ 7.81
Therefore, the distance between A and B is approximately 7.81 units.
Example 2. Calculate the distance between M(2, 6) and N(-5, 9).
Solutions:
Step 1. Identify the values for x1 , y1 , x2 , and y2 based on the
coordinates of the given points A and B. Let x1 = 2, y1 = 6 , x2 = -5,
and y2 = 9
Step 2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2 in the
distance formula MN = √ (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 . That is, MN =
2
√ (−5 − 2) + (9 − 6) . 2
Step 3. Simplify the resulting equation in Step 2. That is,
MN = √ (−5 − 2)2 + (9 − 6)2

= √ (− 7)2 + (3)2
= √ 49 + 9
= √ 58
MN = √ 58 or AB ≈ 7.62
48
Solutions:
Step 1. Let x1 = 2 , y1 = 6 , x2 = 10, and y2 = 8.
Step 2. Substitute the corresponding values of x1, y1, x2 and y2 in
the Distance formula d = √ (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2. That is,
d = √ (10 − 2)2 + (8 − 6)2 .
Step 3. Simplify the resulting equation in Step 2.
d = √ (10 − 2)2 + (8 − 6)2
= √ (8)2 + (2)2
= √ 64 + 4
= √ 68
d = 2√ 17 or d ≈ 8.25 units
Since 1 unit in the coordinate plane is equivalent to the actual distance of 4 kilometers,
the distance between Pulog Health Center and Lorega Health Center is the product of 8.25
and 4 kilometers. That is, (8.25)(4) = 33km.
Therefore, the distance between Pulog Health Center and Lorega Health Center is
approximately 33 kilometers.
The Midpoint Formula
The figure below shows that R and S are the endpoints of a line segment.
̅̅̅̅. It is the point that lies exactly halfway
Point M is called the midpoint of segment RS
between the endpoints R(x1, y1) and S(x2, y2). Thus, the midpoint M is given by the
𝒙 +𝒙 𝒚 +𝒚
formula M = 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 , 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐 .
y of M is the average of the x-coordinates of R and S, while the
The x-coordinate
y-coordinate of M is the average of the y-coordinates of S
R (x
and S.
2, y2)
𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
M= ,
𝟐 𝟐
R (x1, y1)
49
y
F
Solution: Let x1 = -4, y1 = 1, x2 = 6 and y2 = 3

Substitute these values into the midpoint formula, that is,
𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
M= ,
𝟐 𝟐
−4+ 6 1+ 3
= 2
, 2
2 4
= 2
,2
= 1, 2
−1
The coordinates of the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
DF are 5, 2 .
Baclayon
Kitubo
Lina’s House Poblacion
50
51
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
In geometry, a coordinate plane is used to prove some geometric properties.
Proving geometric properties using a coordinate plane is called a coordinate proof.
Both the distance and the midpoint formulas are applied in some geometric proofs.
Take note that in writing a coordinate proof, the basic skill needed is to name
the missing coordinates of the geometric figure drawn on the coordinate plane. The
next activity will provide you with the opportunity to develop such skill. You will
determine the missing coordinates by considering the different properties of geometric
figures.
Examples: Use the figures below to determine the coordinates of the vertices.
1. CANE is a square where CA = 2𝒂. The axes bisect each side.
Since CANE is a square centered at the origin and

CA= 2𝒂, C and A are both 𝒂 units from the axes. Likewise,
the other vertices E and N are also 𝒂 units from the axes.
The y-axis bisects ST and ST = 2p, so S and T are both p

units from the y – axis. The height of ⊿SIT does not depend on p,
so you need to use a different variable for the y coordinate of I.
Furthermore, the Coordinate proof uses figures in the coordinate

plane to prove some geometric properties. The following guidelines are
used in placing figures using the methods of coordinate geometry on a
coordinate plane:
1. Use the origin as vertex or midpoint of the figure.
2. Put at least one side on an axis.
3. Draw the figure within the first quadrant, if possible.
4. Use coordinates that are multiples of two to make computations simple and easy.
Once the figure is placed in the coordinate plane, you can use the coordinates of the
vertices, the distance formula, and the midpoint formula to prove some geometric
relationships.
Prove that the diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.
Example 1.
B C
Given: Rectangle ABCD C
Prove: AC ≅ CD
A D
Proof:
Place Rectangle ABCD so that it is in the first quadrant, with points A (0, 0), B
(0, b), C (a, b), and D (a, 0) and use the distance formula to find the length of AC and
DB.
AC = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
DB = √(𝑎 − 0)2 + (0 − 𝑏)2 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
Since AC = DB therefore, the diagonals of rectangle

ABCD are congruent
Example 2: The coordinates of quadrilateral FATE are F (-4, 3), A (1, 3), T (0,-3), and
E (-5, -3,). Prove that FATE is a parallelogram.
Proof:
Draw the quadrilateral in the

coordinate plane
FA = √(−4 − 1)2 + (3 − 3)2 = √25 = 5

TE = √(0 − (−5))2 + (−3 − (−3))2 = √25 = 5
Use the distance formula to
FE = √(−4 − (−5))2 + (3 − (−3))2 = √1 + 36 = determine if opposite sides
√37 are equal.
AT = √(1 − 0)2 + (3 − (−3))2 = √1 + 36 = √37
Since FA = TE and FE =AT, opposite sides are equal
Therefore, Quadrilateral FATE is a parallelogram
53
̿̿̿̿̿ ≅ 𝑁𝑃
Given: Isosceles triangle MNP with 𝑀𝑁 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ and 𝑂𝑀
𝐿𝑃 ̅̅̅̅̅ are the medians
Prove: ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑃 ≅ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑀
Proof:
Show that ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝑃 ≅ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑀, LP = OM
LP = _________________ (6)
−3𝑎 2 𝑏 2
LP = √( ) +( )
2 2
LP = _________________(7)
𝑎 𝑏 2
OM = √[2 − (−𝑎) ]2 + (2 − 0)
OM = _________________(8)
OM = _________________(9)
ANSWER KEY LESSON 2

ANSWER KEY LESSON 1 Post Assessment
1. B 6. C
2. C 7. B
POST-ASSESSMENT 3. C 8. D
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 4. B 9. B
6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 5. A 10. A
54

Q2 M7

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Example 1. Find the distance between V(1, 3) and W(8, 3).

Take note that QS refers to “the distance from Q to S”.

Example 1: Find the distance between A(2, 3) and B(8, 8).

Step 3. Simplify the resulting equation in Step 2. That is,

MN = √ (−5 − 2)2 + (9 − 6)2

Solution: Let x1 = -4, y1 = 1, x2 = 6 and y2 = 3

Lina’s House Poblacion

Since CANE is a square centered at the origin and

The y-axis bisects ST and ST = 2p, so S and T are both p

Furthermore, the Coordinate proof uses figures in the coordinate

DB = √(𝑎 − 0)2 + (0 − 𝑏)2 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

Since AC = DB therefore, the diagonals of rectangle

Draw the quadrilateral in the

FA = √(−4 − 1)2 + (3 − 3)2 = √25 = 5

Show that ̅̅̅̅

ANSWER KEY LESSON 2

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