2021-09-07 Alankara (Upama) Discussion
2021-09-07 Alankara (Upama) Discussion
2021-09-07 Alankara (Upama) Discussion
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उपमा
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लक्षणम् -
यत्र द्वयोः (उपमेय-उपमानयोः) सादृश्य-लक्ष्मीः हृदये उल्लसति (सा) उपमा।
- "upamA" is (that) in which the charming luster of similarity between two things
(the thing compared and the thing compared to) shines forth in the heart.
उदाहरणम् -
उच्चैः खेलतोः तन्वङ्गी-स्तनयोः इव।
- As of the breasts of a slender-limbed woman quivering intensely.
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DISCUSSION:
To continue on this theme of the male gaze, but also because the following sloka
may come up on the alankara exam tomorrow:
लक्षणम् -
यत्र द्वयोः (उपमेय-उपमानयोः) सादृश्य-लक्ष्मीः हृदये उल्लसति (सा) उपमा।
- "upamA" is (that) in which the charming lustre of similarity between two things
(the thing compared and the thing compared to) shines forth in the heart.
उदाहरणम् -
उच्चैः खेलतोः तन्वङ्गी-स्तनयोः [लक्ष्मीः हृदये उल्लसति] इव।
- As [the charming lustre] of the breasts of a slender-limbed woman quivering
intensely [shines forth in the heart].
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MDS:
You take द्वयोः इत्युक्ते उपमेयोपमानयोः as उपमेय and सादृश्यलक्ष्मीः as सादृश्यधर्म. It is an example of सम्पूर्णोपमा.
Me:
Yes, perhaps! I just don't think Gagabhatta's reading works.
MDS:
It is ok. His commentary isn't clear enough.
Me:
His reading doesn't explain why "khelatoH" is shashthi-vibhakti dvi-vacana,
agreeing with "-stanayoH".
MDS:
"हृदये उच्चैः खेलतोः" इति "तन्वङ्गीस्तनयोः" इत्यस्य विशेषणम्। "हृदये उच्चैः खेलतोः तन्वङ्गीस्तनयोः" इति उपमानम्। द्वयोः(उपमानोपमेययोः) इति उपमेयः।
सादृश्यलक्ष्मीः इति सादृश्यधर्मम्। "इव" इति उपमावाचकम्। एवं पूर्णोपमा। This is there in his commentary, but not very
clear.
Me:
Yes I saw that earlier. Now, I also see that "khelatoH" agrees not just with "-
stanayoH", but also with "dvayoH". I am beginning to think his reading could work,
I will give 10 minutes more to seeing if it can or not.
Yes, I now agree with you that it makes sense. I like my own interpretation, but
will certainly be giving Gagabhatta's reading on the exam. Revised notes below.
उपमेयम् = "द्वयोः"
उपमानम् = "तन्वङ्गी-स्तनयोः"
साधारण-धर्मः = "हृदये खेलनम्"
सादृश्य-वचकम् = "इव"
लक्षणम् -
यत्र द्वयोः (उपमेय-उपमानयोः) सादृश्य-लक्ष्मीः उल्लसति (सा) उपमा।
- "upamA" is (that) in which the charming luster of similarity between two things
(the thing compared and the thing compared to) shines forth...
उदाहरणम् -
[द्वयोः उपमेय-उपमानयोः] हृदये उच्चैः खेलतोः, तन्वङ्गी-स्तनयोः इव।
- ...(the thing compared and the thing compared to) quivering intensely in the
heart, like the breasts of a slender-limbed woman.
On this reading, the thing compared and the thing compared to "quiver intensely in
the heart" because they produce surprise owing to their astonishing similarity.
According to Gagabhatta: