Diosdado Macapagal: Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo Philippine Name Middle Name Family Name

his article is about the former president of the Philippines.
For his grandson and former member of

Congress, see Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo.
In this Philippine name, the middle name or maternal family name is Pangan and the surname or

paternal family name is Macapagal.
His Excellency
Diosdado Macapagal
GCrM, KGCR
9th President of the Philippines
In office
December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965
Vice President Emmanuel Pelaez
Preceded by Carlos P. Garcia
Succeeded by Ferdinand Marcos
2nd President of the 1971 Philippine Constitutional

Convention
In office
June 14, 1971 – January 17, 1973
President Ferdinand Marcos
Succeeded by Position abolished
5th Vice President of the Philippines
In office
President Carlos P. Garcia
Succeeded by Emmanuel Pelaez
Member of the Philippine House of

Representatives from Pampanga's 1st district
In office
Preceded by Amado Yuzon
Succeeded by Francisco Nepomuceno
Personal details
Born Diosdado Pangan Macapagal
28 September 1910
Lubao, Pampanga, Philippine Islands

Died 21 April 1997 (aged 86)
Makati, Philippines
Resting place Libingan ng mga Bayani, Metro Manila,
Philippines
14°31′11″N 121°2′39″E
Political party Liberal
Purita de la Rosa
Spouse(s)
(m. 1938; died 1943)
Eva Macaraeg
(m. 1946)
Children Ma. Cielo R. Macapagal-Salgado
Arturo Macapagal
Ma. Gloria M. Macapagal-Arroyo
Diosdado M. Macapagal Jr.
Alma mater University of the Philippines
University of Santo Tomas
Profession Lawyer
Professor
Signature
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal Sr. GCrM, KGCR (Tagalog: [makapaˈɡal],[1] September 28, 1910 – April

21, 1997) was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice-
President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He also served as a member of the House of
Representatives, and headed the Constitutional Convention of 1970. He was the father of Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo, who followed his path as President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010.
A native of Lubao, Pampanga, Macapagal graduated from the University of the
Philippines and University of Santo Tomas, both in Manila, after which he worked as a lawyer for the
government. He first won election in 1949 to the House of Representatives, representing the 1st
district in his home province of Pampanga. In 1957, he became vice president under the rule of
President Carlos P. Garcia, whom he later defeated in the 1961 election.
As President, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine
economy. He introduced the country's first land reform law, placed the peso on the free currency
exchange market, and liberalized foreign exchange and import controls. Many of his reforms,
however, were crippled by a Congress dominated by the rival Nacionalista Party. He is also known
for shifting the country's observance of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12, commemorating
the day President Emilio Aguinaldo unilaterally declared the independence of the First Philippine
Republic from the Spanish Empire in 1898. He stood for re-election in 1965, and was defeated
by Ferdinand Marcos, who subsequently ruled for 20 years.
Under Marcos, Macapagal was elected president of the Constitutional Convention which would later
draft what became the 1973 Constitution, though the manner in which the charter was ratified and
modified led him to later question its legitimacy. He died of heart failure, pneumonia,
and renal complications, in 1997, at the age of 86.
Macapagal was also a reputed poet in the Chinese and Spanish language, though his poetic oeuvre
was eclipsed by his political biography.[citation needed]
Contents
 1Early life
o 1.1Early education
o 1.2Early career
o 1.3First marriage
o 1.4Second marriage
 2House of Representatives
 3Vice presidency
 4Presidency
o 4.1Cabinet
o 4.2Major legislation signed
o 4.3Domestic policies
 4.3.1Economy
 4.3.2Socio-economic program
 4.3.3Land reform
 4.3.4Anti-corruption drive
 4.3.4.1Stonehill controversy
 4.3.5Independence Day
o 4.4Foreign policies
 4.4.1North Borneo claim
 4.4.2MAPHILINDO
 4.4.3Vietnam War
o 4.51963 midterm election
o 4.61965 presidential campaign
 5Post-presidency and death
 6Legacy
o 6.1Museum and library
 7Electoral history
 8Honors
o 8.1National honours
o 8.2Foreign honours
 9Publications
 10See also
 11References
 12External links
Early life[edit]
Diosdado Macapagal was born on September 28, 1910, in Lubao, Pampanga, the third of five
children in a poor family.[2] His father was Urbano Macapagal y Romero (c. 1887 – 1946), [3] a poet
who wrote in the local Pampangan language and his mother was Romana Pangan Macapagal,
daughter of Atanacio Miguel Pangan (a former cabeza de barangay of Gutad, Floridablanca,
Pampanga) and Lorenza Suing Antiveros. Urbano's mother, Escolástica Romero Macapagal, was a
midwife and schoolteacher who taught catechism.[4]
Diosdado is a distant descendant of Don Juan Macapagal, a prince of Tondo, who was a great-
grandson of the last reigning Lakan of the Kingdom of Tondo, Lakan Dula.[5] He is also related to
well-to-do Licad family through his mother Romana, who was a second cousin of María Vitug Licad,
grandmother of renowned pianist, Cecile Licad. Romana's own grandmother, Genoveva Miguel
Pangan and María's grandmother, Celestina Miguel Macaspac, were sisters. Their mother, María
Concepción Lingad Miguel was the daughter of José Pingul Lingad and Gregoria Malit Bartolo. [6]
Diosdado's family earned extra income by raising pigs and accommodating boarders in their home.
[4]
Due to his roots in poverty, Macapagal would later become affectionately known as the "Poor Boy
from Lubao".[7] Diosdado was also a reputed poet in the Spanish language although his poetic work
was eclipsed by his political career.
Early education[edit]
Macapagal excelled in his studies at local public schools, graduating valedictorian from Lubao
Elementary School, and salutatorian at Pampanga High School.[8] He finished his pre-law course at
the University of the Philippines, then enrolled at Philippine Law School in 1932, studying on a
scholarship and supporting himself with a part-time job as an accountant. [4][8] While in law school, he
gained prominence as an orator and debater.[8] However, he was forced to quit schooling after two
years due to poor health and a lack of money.[4]
Returning to Pampanga, he joined boyhood friend Rogelio de la Rosa in prod

Diosdado Macapagal: Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo Philippine Name Middle Name Family Name

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Diosdado Macapagal: Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo Philippine Name Middle Name Family Name

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his article is about the former president of the Philippines.

For his grandson and former member of

In this Philippine name, the middle name or maternal family name is Pangan and the surname or

9th President of the Philippines

December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965

Vice President Emmanuel Pelaez

Preceded by Carlos P. Garcia

Succeeded by Ferdinand Marcos

2nd President of the 1971 Philippine Constitutional

June 14, 1971 – January 17, 1973

President Ferdinand Marcos

Preceded by Carlos P. Garcia

Succeeded by Position abolished

5th Vice President of the Philippines

December 30, 1957 – December 30, 1961

President Carlos P. Garcia

Preceded by Carlos P. Garcia

Succeeded by Emmanuel Pelaez

Member of the Philippine House of

December 30, 1949 – December 30, 1957

Preceded by Amado Yuzon

Succeeded by Francisco Nepomuceno

Born Diosdado Pangan Macapagal

Lubao, Pampanga, Philippine Islands

Resting place Libingan ng mga Bayani, Metro Manila,

Political party Liberal

Children Ma. Cielo R. Macapagal-Salgado

Ma. Gloria M. Macapagal-Arroyo

Diosdado M. Macapagal Jr.

Alma mater University of the Philippines

University of Santo Tomas

Diosdado Pangan Macapagal Sr. GCrM, KGCR (Tagalog: [makapaˈɡal],[1] September 28, 1910 – April

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