Gas Turbine Engine: Assignment 1
Gas Turbine Engine: Assignment 1
Gas Turbine Engine: Assignment 1
Assignment 1
1) Identify the changes in design parameters for the selected engines. (CLO 2)
Following is the table of Euro jet EJ200 (low by-pass), Rolls-Royce Trent 900 (high by-pass)
and Lotarev D-36 (high by-pass):
Engines By-pass ratio Overall Fan diameter Turbine inlet Engine Major
pressure ratio (mm) temperature © length Applications
(mm)
EJ 200 0.4 : 1 26 : 1 736.6mm ~ 200 Celsius 3987.8 mm Eurofighter
(4.2 : 1) typhoon
Trent 900 8.5-8.7 : 1 37–39:1 (116m) 1536 Celsius 2946.4 mm Antonov
an-72
D-36 5.6 : 1 20 : 1 1,333 mm 1,243 Celsius 3,930 mm Airbus A380
(ASME, 1990)
(engine, n.d.)
(EASA, 2019)
2) Plot the pressure and temperature values obtained for the thrust and specific fuel
consumption based on the input values of: (CLO 3)
a. Stream Conditions:
Altitude
Flight Mach Number
b. Engine Conditions/Geometry:
Compressor Pressure Ratio (CPR)
Fan Pressure Ratio (FPR)
Bypass Ratio
Fuel-Air Ratio
Eurojet200 (low by-pass engine):
Use the plot to relate the function of Bernoulli’s and thermodynamic principles on gas
turbine processes:
Eurojet200 (low by-pass engine):
In first graph of euro jet 200 gas turbine engine the thermodynamic cycle shows that at point 0
the temperature rises and pressure remains same at intake after point 2 to 3 the pressure is higher
and slightly changes in temperature at compression at point 3 to 4 the pressure remains constant
and the temperature increase in combustion. At point 4 to 5 the pressure is decreasing and
temperature change at outlet of combustion.at the end the pressure is decreased and the
temperature increases at exhaust.
In second graph of trent900 gas turbine engine the thermodynamic cycle shows that at point 0 the
temperature rises and pressure remains same at intake after point 2 to 3 the pressure is higher and
slightly changes in temperature at compression at point 3 to 4 the pressure remains constant and
the temperature increase in combustion. At point 4 to 5 the pressure is decreasing and
temperature change at outlet of combustion.at the end the pressure is decreased rapidly and the
temperature increases at exhaust.
In third graph D-36 gas turbine engine the thermodynamic cycle shows that at point 0 the
temperature rises and pressure remains same at intake after point 2 to 3 the pressure is higher and
slightly changes in temperature at compression at point 3 to 4 the pressure remains constant and
the temperature increase in combustion. At point 4 to 5 the pressure is decreasing and
temperature change at outlet of combustion.at the end the pressure is increasing and the
temperature increases at exhaust.
Question#2
Explain the difference in thermodynamic cycle for a gas turbine engine with and without
an after burner. Support your answer with detailed reasoning?
Answer:
The main cycle of a simple gas turbine engine the air is intake through inlet section in to the
compressor, where the pressure of air increases. The high pressure air is exit through the
compressor and enter to the combustion section, where fuel is injected in the air than burn the
fuel air mixture. After combustion the high temperature gas flow enter the turbine section and
expands through nozzle section to produce net work done (Wn). (Olympios, 2003)
Thermodynamic cycle:
1) Diffuser (1-2):
Decreases the velocity of incoming air flow as compared to the engine.
Low velocity and increase in pressure occurs which is also known as ram effect.
According to Bernoulli’s equation:
Ps + Pdyn = Constant
2) Compressor (2-3):
In this cycle 2-3 there is no heat transfer Q=0 so, that entropy remains constant in this cycle. This
cycle is known as isentropic compression.
3) Combustion (3-4):
Heat is added to the system at uniform pressure (Qin), this cycle is known as isobaric heat
addition to the system.
4) Turbine (4-5):
This process is a reversible adiabatic, no heat transfer to the system. Air flow mixture is burned
in the combustion chamber at constant pressure and leaving at low velocity that can be abandon
and expands to the turbine, this process is known as isentropic expansion.
5) Nozzle (5-6):
Gas flow exiting the turbine remarkably at higher pressure than ambient pressure. Gasses are
inflate to give accelerated air Ve >> Vi result in thrust, so that no heat is transfer to the system
occurs isentropic expansion along the nozzle in which velocity increases and decreases the
pressure.
Thermodynamic cycle:
Afterburner (5-6):
The addition of an afterburner 5-6 provides for higher thrust, as seen by the enlarged area of the
diagram below. The afterburner has a lesser efficiency than the base turbojet because it runs at a
greater entropy.