IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

CSMSS
CHH. SHAHU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
KANCHANWADI, PAITHAN ROAD, AURANGABAD – 431002

A REPORT OF SEMINAR
ON

“IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City”

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENT FOR
AWARD OF THE DEGREE

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted By
Ms. Shital Rajendra Pawar
Roll No: CS3174

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Minakshi Pachpatil
( Assistant Professor)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Academic Year: 2021-22 Part-I

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

CSMSS
CHH. SHAHU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
KANCHANWADI, PAITHAN ROAD, AURANGABAD – 431002

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the seminar entitled “IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart Cities" is bonafide
work carried out by Ms. Shital Rajendra Pawar, Roll no: CS3174 in partial fulfillment for
award of the Degree TE in Computer Science & Engineering of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
Technological University, Lonere, Raigad during academic year 2021-22 Part-I.

Mrs. Minakshi pachpatil Dr. S. P.Abhang

(Guide) (Head of theDepartment)

Dr. U. B. Shinde
(Principal)

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

DECLARATION

I, Shital Rajendra Pawar (CS3174) student of 5th semester in B.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering,
CSMSS Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad, hereby declare that the seminar entitled “IOT Based
Intelligent Bin for Smart Cities” submitted to the Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University,
Lonere, Raigad during academic year 2021-22, is a record of an original work done by me.
This seminar work is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor
of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering.
The results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any University or Institute for the award of any
degree.

Date:29/01/2022
Place: Aurangabad Name: Shital Rajendra Pawar (CS3174)

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I take this opportunity to express the profound gratitude and deep regards to our seminar guide Mrs. Minakshi
Pachpatil for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this
report.
I am thankful to Dr. S. P. Abhang, Head – Computer Science & Engineering Department and Dr. U. B.
Shinde, Principal- CSMSS Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad for their continuous support and
encouragement throughout the academic.

I am also obliged to faculty members of Computer Science & Engineering Department, CSMSS Chh. Shahu
College of Engineering, Aurangabad, for their valuable guidance and information provided by them in their
respective fields.

Date: 29/01/2022
Place: Aurangabad Name: Shital Rajendra Pawar (CS3174)

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

CONTENTS

List of Figures i
List of Abbreviations ii
Abstract iii

1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Flow Chart 2
1.3 Block Diagram 4
2. LITERATURE SURVEY 5
2.1 Related work 6
3. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE & TIMELINE OF THE TECHNOLOGY
4. ADVANCES IN THE TECHNOLOGY
5. REAL TIME APPLICATIONS OF THE TECHNOLOGY
6. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
7. CONCLUSION
7.1 Conclusion
7.2 Challenges and Future Work
8. REFERENCES

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

List of Figures

Figure. No. Title Page No.

1.1 IR Sensor 9
2.1 NI myRIO 10
3.1 GSM Modem 11
4.1 Flow Chart 12
5.1 Block Dig. 14

List of Abbreviations

1.IOT( Internet of Things)

2.IR(Infrared Sensor)
3.MSP(Mini-System Port)

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

ABSTRACT
The method of connecting the objects or things through wireless connectivity, Internet called Internet Of
Things. Nowadays a variobstacle tracking, object sensing, traffic control, tracking of our activities, examining
the baby, monitoring home lights and so on. One of the objective of smart cities is keeping the environment
clean and neat. This aim is not fulfilled without the garbage bin management system. Hence the paper “IOT
Based Intelligent Bin for Smart Cities” has been developed. Bin management is one of the major applications of
IOT. Here sensors are connected to the all the bins at different areas. It senses the level of garbage in bin. When
it reaches threshold ety of tasks are based on IOT. Cities in the world are becoming smarter by implementing the
things around using IOT. This is a new trend in technology. Smart cities include a message is sent via GSM to
the concerned person to clean it as soon as possible. The completed task is done in LabVIEW environment.

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Garbage management is that the assorting, transporting garbage, processing, reusing or eliminating and
monitoring garbage materials. Garbage management is very crucial and it has become one of the major issues
due to high population density. To reduce the impact of garbage, Municipal Corporation has developed an
efficient garbage management system. In India, waste generated per capita ranges from 200g to 500g. Many
organizations have estimated that in India 1.3 to 1.5 pounds of waste is generated for a person. It is even
estimated that 47 million tons of waste is generated in the year 2001. In the recent 2 years this has increased to
95 million tons. The efficiency of collecting the garbage is poor in Indian cities compared to other countries.
Thus, Indian Government is struggling to manage the garbage. Issues with respect to the disposal has become
challenging with growth in population. Poor garbage collection and improper transportation facility are
answerable for the earnings of garbage at all spots and points of the city. Due to these unavailable facilities,
municipal garbage management is getting critical. Improper garbage management further leads to incurable
diseases to living organisms. Thus to avoid waste overflow “Smart Management of Garbage using LabVIew”
has been proposed.

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

Chapter 2

LITERATURE SURVEY:

For detecting the garbage, many sensors like weight sensors, IR sensors, etc can be used. Weight sensor is the
one which gives the information about the weight of garbage. But using this is not efficient because it doesn‟t
identify the level of waste in the bin. Hence Infrared sensor (IR sensor) is used which is a multipurpose sensor,
which can detect the level of garbage. IR sensor emits the light, which is invisible to naked eye but the
electronic components can detect it. It consist of IR transmitter and IR receiver. Both analog and digital output
is produced by IR sensor. This sensor produces the output a logic„1‟ at the digital output when it senses the
object and a logic„0‟ when it doesn‟t senses any object. Depending on the distance between the object and
sensor, sensor produces the analog output voltage between 0 and 5V. An LED is present on the IR sensor board.
It is used to indicate the presence or absence of an object. IR sensors are highly sensitive to surrounding lights.
Hence, these sensors are covered properly inorder to reduce the light effect on the sensor. Potentiometer is used
to calibrate the sensor.

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
Figure 1. IR Sensor

The output of IR sensor is acquired by The National Instruments myRIO-1900. It is an input output device
which is portable and reconfigurable. This can be used by the students in the design of robotics, controls and
many other designs. The NI myRIO-1900 has a ZYNQ chip. This ZYNQ chip is a combination of processor
(ARM Dual core) and FPGA (Xilinx). The NI myRIO-1900 consists of analog input, digital input, analog
output, digital output, power output, nonvolatile memory and audio input and output in an embedded device.
USB acts as a connector between the NI myRIO-1900 and host computer. It has connectors A and B that acts as
an expansion port and a connector C that act as a mini-system port, they carry the signals and these signals are
distinguished by different connector names. Here the mostly used connector is mini-system port connector C.
This device can even connect to the wireless network and create wireless network. It has inbuilt option to
connect to Wi-Fi.

Figure 2: NI myRIO-1900

Wireless communication can be achieved using many devices. Those devices are Zigbee, GSM, etc. In this
project GSM is used. Zigbee can also be used but the disadvantage with it is its short range, less complexity and

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
the speed of data is less. Hence compared to Zigbee, GSM has more advantage because it is simple to use and
its less cost. GSM modem is a unique type of wireless modem, accepts a SIM card and itoperates similar to
mobile phone with its own specific mobile number. GSM modem mainly consists of antenna for wireless
communication, SIM holder, communication port, ON or OFF switches and power supply. A GSM modem is
connected tothe computer via serial or USB cable. The advantage of connecting is it provides mobile network to
the computer to transfer and exchange information with modems. Meanwhile it provides mobile internet
connectivity and also used for forwarding the SMS and MMS messages.

Figure 3: GSM Modem

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

2.1 Flow Chart:

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
The flowchart of the project is shown in Figure 4. It literally provides the idea of this project. The flow of
project begins with the start. IR sensor is used which senses the garbage level when it reaches the threshold.
When the threshold level is reached the information of how much level the bin is filled, location of the bin, date
and the current time when the dustbin get filled are all obtained.

Then the level of garbage is examined, if it is filled 100% a message is sent to the respective person to clean the
CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad
 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
bin as soon as possible via GSM. If it is not filled the process repeats as shown in figure

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
2.2 Block Diagram:

A. Transmitter Section:

Transmitter section block diagram is shown in Figure 5. The first block in the transmitter part is the garbage bin.

The IR sensor which is the level detect is used to detect and notice the level of garbage in the bin. For each bin,
as many sensors can be used to identify the levels as required. Here to detect the different levels of wastes in the
bin three to four sensors are used for each bin. When the different garbage level is sensed by IR sensors, the
output of sensor is received by NI myRIO. It is connected to internet. When the bin gets filled, NI myRIO
provides information of location of bin, respective date and time. The data in NI myRIO, from one of the eight
digital input output pin in the mini-system port (MSP) connector C (MSP C) is transmitted to receiversectionvia
wireless network Internet.

CSMSS, Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
B. Receiver section:

The receiver block diagram is shown in figure 6. The data from the transmitter is received via Internet. GUI is
used to display the system status. GUI is developed using LabVIEW. GUI is displayed on the front panel of the
LabVIEW. It displays the status of the garbage bin that is the level of garbage in the bin, time and date and even
the location of the bin. Once the garbage bin is completely filled, the message is sent to the concerned person to
empty the bin. The message is sent through GSM modem.

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

V. Result:

Sensor senses level of the bin.It gives the output of what level of garbage is filled.When the level in a bin is
reached the threshold, the LED placed at the location of the bin starts blinking.When the blinking LED is
clicked, a display opens that shows the location of the bin, status of the bin, data and time when the bin gets
filled, mobile number and the text to send to the concerned person. Once the garbage bin reaches and exceeds
the threshold level, a message is sent to the respective person via GSM to empty and clean the bin.

VI.REAL TIME APPLICATIONS OF THE TECHNOLOGY

1.Smart Home

2. Smart City

3.Smart Farming,etc..

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

VII. CONCLUSION

Implementation of managing the garbage using sensor, LabVIEW and GSM is shown in this paper. This paper
gives solution of how garbage management can be achieved. This method helps in keeping the waste bin clean
when the bin is completely filled. The garbage managing system and the facility of collecting the garbage
presently doesn‟t fit to the current requirement. Hence better facility of collecting garbage and transportation
should be provided. Since, this system provides the information when the bin gets completely filled with
garbage, it reduces the number of times the arrival of vehicle which collects the garbage. This method finally
helps in keeping the environment clean. Thus, the garbage collection is made more efficient.

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

Challenges and Future Scope

Though the IBM framework designed for smart cities in the context of IoT has potentials, at the same time, it
has the following challenges:

(i) Distribution of trash bins in the most populated areas where the amount of waste is unpredictable on
daily basis

(ii) Disturbance in the Internet connectivity due to various causes, that is, weather disruption or defected
connection

(iii) Lazy transportation: traffic jam could be a big challenge for vehicles to reach on time and collect
garbage

(iv) Communication between two entities and damage of batteries could be severe challenges for the system

In the future, the model may be extended to an alternate and the shortest pathfinding for collecting vehicles in
order to enhance transportation and remove collecting barriers. In addition, adding alternate sources for
connectivity in case of power failure or weather hindrance may also be considered. Further, to facilitate the
mechanism and save more energy, automated segregating TBs can be installed for dry, wet, and hazardous types
of waste.

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City

REFERENCES

[1] Zembedded, “GSM modem interfacing with 8051 for SMS”

August 2012.

[2] Amol Deshpande and Vikrant Bhor, “Smart Garbage

Management System”.

[3] S. Singhal and S. Pandey , "Solid waste management in

India: Status and future directions".

[4] M.Sharholy, K.Ahmad, G.Mahmood and R.C. Trivedi,

"Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities”.

[5] Kreith, F., Tchobanoglous, G.: Handbook of solid waste

management. McGraw-Hill (2002).

[6] Microtronics Technologies, “GSM based garbage and waste

collection bins overflow indicator”, September 2013.

[7] Hindustan Embedded System, “City Garbage collection

indicator using RF (ZigBee) and GSM technology”.

[8] Microtronics Technologies, “GSM based garbage and waste

collection bins overflow indicator”, September 2013.

[9] Issac R, Akshai M, “An effective solid waste management

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 IOT Based Intelligent Bin for Smart City
system for Thiruvalla Municipality in Android OS” IEEE

Conference Publications , 2013

[10] KanchanMahajan, “Waste Bin Monitoring System Using

Integrated Technologies”, International Journal of

Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and

Technology, Issue 3 ,Issue 7 , July 2014.

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