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    Anatomy II - Silva HomeWork

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    Amanda Oliveira
    The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS regulates homeostasis and coordinates all body functions. The brain contains six structures that each have distinct functions, such as the cerebellum coordinating muscle movement. Schwann cells surround and insulate neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Tetanus bacteria produce a toxin that causes painful muscle contractions. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components to transmit signals between the CNS and body. The four lobes of the brain each process different types of sensory information or cognitive functions.

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    Anatomy II - Silva HomeWork

    Uploaded by

    Amanda Oliveira
    25 views3 pages
    The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS regulates homeostasis and coordinates all body functions. The brain contains six structures that each have distinct functions, such as the cerebellum coordinating muscle movement. Schwann cells surround and insulate neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Tetanus bacteria produce a toxin that causes painful muscle contractions. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components to transmit signals between the CNS and body. The four lobes of the brain each process different types of sensory information or cognitive functions.

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    Anatomy II -Silva HomeWork

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    The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS regulates homeostasis and coordinates all body functions. The brain contains six structures that each have distinct functions, such as the cerebellum coordinating muscle movement. Schwann cells surround and insulate neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Tetanus bacteria produce a toxin that causes painful muscle contractions. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components to transmit signals between the CNS and body. The four lobes of the brain each process different types of sensory information or cognitive functions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    25 views3 pages

    Anatomy II - Silva HomeWork

    Uploaded by

    Amanda Oliveira
    The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which contains the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. The CNS regulates homeostasis and coordinates all body functions. The brain contains six structures that each have distinct functions, such as the cerebellum coordinating muscle movement. Schwann cells surround and insulate neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Tetanus bacteria produce a toxin that causes painful muscle contractions. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components to transmit signals between the CNS and body. The four lobes of the brain each process different types of sensory information or cognitive functions.

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    You are on page 1of 3

    Amanda De Oliveira Silva

    Anatomy and Physiology II


    Grisseel A Cruz-Espaillat
    16/01/2022

    Week 2 Homework

    1-
    The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the
    body, Also, controls the ability to move, breathe, see, think, and more. It is responsible
    for regulating and maintaining homeostasis, coordinates all activities of the body,
    responds, and adapts to changes.
    Is divided in two components the Central Nervous System which contains brain and the
    spinal cord. And Peripheral Nervous System
    The brain has 6 structures, Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Diencephalon, Midbrain, Pons, and
    Medulla Oblongata.
    Cerebellum responsible for muscle coordination, balance, posture, muscle tone
    Diencephalon located in the mid brain, contains two structures, Thalamus (send
    directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum) and Hypothalamus (controls body
    temperature, regulates appetite, sleep, water balance, blood vessel constriction and
    dilation and emotions, like anger, fear…

    The midbrain - the oculomotor and trochlear nerves, responsible for eye and
    eyelid movement

    Pons is responsible for certain reflex action like chewing and others.

    Medulla Oblongata connects with the spinal cord, regulates heart and blood
    vessel functions, blood pressure, respiration, swallowing…

    The Spinal cord connects the brain and the nerves in the rest of the body
    Divided in Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar and Spinal Nerves.

    Peripheral Nervous System,


    Consists of the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord. These
    nerves form the communication network between the CNS and the body parts.
    Subdivided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
    The somatic nervous system transmits sensory and motor signals to and from the
    central nervous system. Voluntary movements, uses Afferent Spinal Nerves that carries
    information from the body to the brain
    The autonomic nervous system controls the function of our organs and glands and can
    be divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Efferent Nerves carries
    information from the brain to the body.

    2-
    Schwann cells are present in the peripheral nervous system they are a type of glial cell
    that surrounds neurons, their actions are keeping them covering them with a myelin
    sheath, surround nerves to hold them in place, supply neurons with nutrients and
    oxygen and on a smooth transition of impulse.

    3-

    Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani. When the bacteria
    invade the body, they produce a poison (toxin) that causes painful muscle
    contractions. The bacterium can survive in a dormant state in soil and animal feces.
    It's essentially shut down until it discovers a place to thrive. When the dormant
    bacteria enter a wound, a condition good for growth the cells are "awakened." So,
    they start to grow and dividing, they release a toxin called tetanospasmin. The toxin
    impairs the nerves in the body that control muscles.

    4-

    The two roots join to form the spinal nerve just before the nerve leaves the vertebral
    column. Because all spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components, they are
    all mixed nerves.
    Sensory nerves: formed only by afferent fibers, that is, fibers responsible for carrying
    the information obtained in the environment and inside the body to the nerve centers.

    Motor nerves: have only efferent fibers, which are responsible for carrying information
    from the nerve centers to the effector organs.

    Mixed nerves: as the name suggests, they have both efferent and afferent fibers. Most
    nerves have both types of fibers.

    5-

    Frontal lobe
    Reasoning and thoughts, our behavior, emotional control center and home to our
    personality.

    Parietal lobe
    Integrates sensory information, about temperature, taste, touch, and movement

    Temporal lobe
    Processes auditory information from the ears, also believed to play an important role in
    processing affect/emotions, language, and certain aspects of visual perception.

    Occipital lobe
    Processing visual information from the eyes, including color, form, and motion.

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