Robotics M1 L02
Robotics M1 L02
Robotics M1 L02
Or in a simpler version :
• An automatic device that performs functions
normally ascribed to humans or a machine in the
form of a human.
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WHAT IS ROBOT ?
• The term robot is
derived from the
Czech word robota,
meaning forced work
or compulsory service.
• The word ‘Robot’ was
first used to describe
fabricated workers in a
fictional 1920s play
called Rossum’s
Universal Robots
(RUR) by Czech
Figure 1: Robot from RUR
author Karel Capek.
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A ROBOT MUST HAVE THE FOLLOWING
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS:
• Mobility: It possesses some form of mobility.
• Programmability: implying computational or symbol-
manipulative capabilities that a designer can combine as
desired (a robot is a computer). It can be programmed to
accomplish a large variety of tasks. After being
programmed, it operates automatically.
• Sensors: on or around the device that are able to sense
the environment and give useful feedback to the device.
• Mechanical capability: enabling it to act on its
environment rather than merely function as a data
processing or computational device (a robot is a
machine).
• Flexibility: it can operate using a range of programs and
manipulates and transport materials in a variety of ways.
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ISAAC ASIMOV'S THREE LAWS OF ROBOTICS
WHO IS ASIMOV’S ?
Isaac Asimov was an American author and
professor of biochemistry at Boston University, best
known for his works of science fiction and for his
popular science books.
Zeroth Law: A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow
humanity to come to harm (Survival of humanity)
First Law: A robot may not injure a human being, or, through
inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. (Human safety)
Second Law: A robot must obey orders given it by human being1s,
except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. (Robots
are slaves)
Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such
protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. (Survival
of robots)
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CLASSIFICATION OF ROBOTS -1 (JIRA)
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CLASSIFICATION OF ROBOTS -1 (JIRA)
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OTHER WAYS OF CLASSIFYING
A ROBOT
• Fixed or mobile.
• Serial or parallel.
• According to degree of freedom (DOF).
• Rigid or flexible.
• Control — Point-to-point, autonomy
and “intelligence”.
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RIGID VS. FLEXIBLE
• Rigid robot: Most industrial robots are built heavy and
rigid for required accuracy.
• Flexible robot: Minimising weight for space applications
Links and joints are made flexible.
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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HISTORY OF ROBOTICS
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ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
• Increase productivity, safety, efficiency, quality, and
consistency of products
• Can work in hazardous environments
• Need no environmental comfort
• Work continuously without any humanity needs
• and illnesses
• Have repeatable precision at all times
• Can be much more accurate than humans, they may have
mini or micro centimeter accuracy.
• Can have capabilities beyond that of humans
• Can process multiple stimuli or tasks simultaneously,
humans can only one.
• Replace human workers who can create economic
• problems.
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DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
Robots lack capability to respond in emergencies, this can
cause:
– Inappropriate and wrong responses
– A lack of decision-making power
– A loss of power
– Damage to the robot and other devices
– Human injuries
• Robots may have limited capabilities in
– Degrees of Freedom
– Dexterity
– Sensors
– Vision systems
– Real-time Response
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DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS…..
Robots are costly due to:
• Initial cost of equipment.
• Installation cost
• Need for peripherals
• Need for training
• Need for programming
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Dr. Om Prakash Sahu
Assistant Professor (SG-2)
SENSE, VIT University
09827889143
Email Id : [email protected]