GBJ 19-87 Design Codes For HVAC Part II

Chapter VII Automatic Control
Section I General specifications

Article 7.1.1 The automatic control of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems include the
parameter detection, parameter and power equipment status display, automatic regulation and control,
automatic switch over of the operating conditions, equipment interlock and automatic protection, and
centralized monitoring and management. In the design, the specific content of automatic control shall be
determined through technical and economical comparisons, according to the purpose of the building, type
of the system, and operating time of the equipment.
Article 7.1.2 In one of the following cases, automatic control shall be adopted for the heating, ventilation
and air conditioning systems:
1. Accidents can be prevented and reliable safety operation of system and equipment can be guaranteed
only when automatic control is adopted;
2. When automatic control will bring about rational use of energy and saving of energy;
3. When the process or the operational conditions require a certain range of room temperature and humidity
fluctuation.
Article 7.1.3 Under the condition of satisfying the control functions and targets, the controlling links of the
automatic control system shall be as simplified as possible.
Article 7.1.4 For heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems with automatic control, the system and
piping shall be of reasonable design, in order to prevent various parallel loops from becoming abnormal in
pressure during operational regulation, and the characteristics of the regulating mechanisms shall comply
with the requirements.
Article 7.1.5 When selecting the automatic control method, the electrical, pneumatic, or mixed electrical
and pneumatic methods shall be adopted in accordance with the operational conditions and requirements.
Article 7.1.6 The heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems provided with automatic control shall
also be possible for manual control.
Article 7.1.7 When automatic control is adopted, a control room is recommended. In case there are not
many system control links and instruments, the control panel may be directly located in the equipment
room.
Article 7.1.8 The air conditioning systems for high-rise civil buildings and production buildings may be
provided with two-levels of central and local control, if they are in large quantity.
Section II Detection, interlock and signal display
Article 7.2.1 For the representative parameters of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, the
detecting instruments shall be installed in places with easy access. When centralized control is adopted,
remote indicating instruments shall be installed for important parameters.
Article 7.2.2 To measure some or all of the following parameters, necessary detecting instruments shall be
installed according to the specific conditions:
1 Temperature and pressures of the heating media in air supply, steam supply and water return main
pipelines for the heating system.
2. Room temperature, supply air temperature and heating medium parameter of the hot air heating system;
3. Supply air temperature and heating medium parameter of the air supply system;
4. Indoor and outdoor temperature, supply temperature and heating medium parameter of air supply system
which is also used for heating with hot air.
5. Dust collector inlet and outlet static pressure difference for the dust removal system;
6. The following parameters for air conditioning system:
1) Indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity;
2) Primary, secondary mixed air temperature;
3) Air temperature at the outlet of spraying chamber or surface-cooler;
4) Air temperature at the outlet of the heater;
5) Supply and return air temperature;
6) Heating medium temperature and pressure at the outlet and inlet of the heater;
7) Outlet temperature and pressure of the water pump used for spraying chamber or surface-cooler;
8) Inlet and outlet cold water temperature of the spraying chamber or surface-cooler;
9) Inlet and outlet static pressure difference of the air filter;
1) Inlet and outlet static pressure difference of the water filter;
11) Air duct static pressure of the variable air rate system;
7. Other applications where detection instrumentation must be provided.
Note: 1) When there is no requirement for detecting indoor and outdoor humidity, hygrometer may be omitted.
2) When arranging the detecting instruments, the possibility of commonly used instruments shall be considered, in
order to avoid repeated installation.
Article 7.2.3 The installation positions of the temperature and humidity sensitive elements and detecting
elements of air conditioning system shall meet the following requirements:
1. Inside a room, the elements shall be installed in typical places, where there is no influence of local heat
source, with free circulation of air. If only some parts of the area have strict requirements, the elements
shall be installed in the places with strict requirements;
2. In the air duct, it is recommended to install the elements at the sectional center of the duct section with
stable airflow;
3. The sensitive and detecting elements for the due point temperature of the equipment shall be installed in
typical positions behind the dash plate, and shall avoid the influence of radiant heat, vibration, dropping
water, and secondary air return.
Article 7.2.4 The return air fan, control equipment and instruments of air conditioning system shall be
interlocked with the air supply fan. If necessary, the ventilation fan and hydraulic dust collector of the
ventilation and dust removal system shall also be interlock with related process equipment.
Article 7.2.5 The electrical heater of air conditioning system shall be interlocked with the air supply fan,
and the protection of power-off at no air flow shall be provided. The metal duct used to install the electrical
heater shall be grounded.
Article 7.2.6 The ventilation fan, water pump and electrical heater, etc. of the air conditioning system shall
be equipped with operational condition indication signal.
Article 7.2.7 For the air conditioning system operating in multiple operational conditions, indicating
signals shall be set for its operational conditions and the working conditions of the regulating mechanism.
Article 7.3.8 For the local exhaust system used to exhaust highly toxic substances and explosive hazardous
substances, and the overall exhaust system of the Class A and B production buildings, the indicating signals
for the ventilation fan operation status shall be provided at the working place.
Section III Automatic regulation and control
Article 7.3.1 The regulating methods of the air conditioning system shall be selected according to the
characteristic parameters of the regulating object, the features of the variations of thermal and humidity
load in the room, and the precision requirements of the control parameters.
Note: The automatic regulating methods include two-position regulation, constant speed regulation, proportional regulation,
proportional-plus-integral regulation and proportional-plusintegral- plusderivative regualtion, etc.
Article 7.3.2 For the air conditioning system required to regulate the fresh air rate in the transient seasons,
if the double fan is used, then the fresh air rate may be controlled by the return air value and air exhaust
valve (the fresh air is not required), but the area of the fresh air valve shall be calculated on the basis of
complete fresh air, and the pressure loss in the fresh air duct section shall smaller than 15% of the total
system pressure loss with complete fresh air.
Note: When the system stops operation, the fresh air valve shall be able to close automatically.
Article 7.3.3 For the air conditioning system with the allowable room temperature fluctuation range of
higher than or equal to  1.0 oC, and the allowable relative humidity fluctuation range of higher than or
equal to 5%, when the variable water volume control is adopted for the water-cooled surface-cooler, it is
recommended to use the room temperature and humidity regulator to make the priority control through the
high value or low value selector, and make the separating range control for the heater and humidifier; for
the cold water system, it is recommended to adopt the two-way valve and the control by changing the water
pump speed or number of operating units.
Article 7.3.4 For the air conditioning system operating all the year round, a variable structure control
system for multiple operational conditions should be used, on condition that the indoor parameters and
energy saving requirements are met. The operational conditions may be switched over manually or
automatically. The automatic switching over may be realized by utilizing the limit position of actuation
regulator, the transfinite value of air parameters, and the separated range control method.
Article 7.3.5 The relative indoor humidity may be controlled with constant, inconstant or un-reached
machine dew point temperature methods; in case of high indoor humidity dissipation, the relative indoor
humidity should be directly controlled with constant, inconstant or un-reached machine dew point
temperature methods.
Article 7.3.6 In case the regulating parameter requirements can not be met with single circuit regulation
under the effect of variations in pure hysteresis, time constant or humidity dissipation disturbance of the
objective of regulation, cascade regulation or supply air compensation regulation may be adopted for the air
conditioning system.
Article 7.3.7 The settings of the supply air temperature for a variable air rate system shall be determined
respectively according to the cooling and heating operating conditions. When the cooling and heating
operating conditions are alternated, the functional direction of the controller for controlling the variable air
rate end device shall be changed accordingly.
Article 7.3.8 The static pressure control point for controlling the air rates of the air supply and return air
fans for the variable air rate system should be installed on the pipe section ranging from the end of the main
air supply pipeline of the system to one third from the end. The air rates of the air supply and return air fans
shall be subject to balance control.
Article 7.3.9 The cold water system for the fan coil should be controlled with two-way valve and variable
water flow method. The speed or number of operating water pumps shall be automatically controlled
according to the status of water flow control by the system.
Article 7.3.10 For a closed cooling water system installed with primary and secondary pumps, variable
water flow control shall be provided at the end; the number of operating primary and secondary pumps
shall be controlled with differential pressure, flow or load control methods, depending on the hydraulic and
thermal operational conditions of the system and the operating characteristics of the pumps. In controlling
the number of secondary pumps operating in parallel, the stability of operation during variation of the
number of operating pumps shall be considered.
Article 7.3.11 The automatic control valves shall be selected according to the following requirements:
1. For two-way water valve, those with uniform percentage characteristics should be adopted;
2. For three-way water valve, those with parabola or linear characteristics should be adopted;
3. For two-way steam valve, those with linear characteristics should be adopted in case of a pressure loss
ratio greater than or equal to 0.6 and those with uniform percentage characteristics should be adopted in
case of a pressure loss ratio less than 0.6
Note: the pressure loss shall be determined according to the following formula:
Pmin
S =  (7311)
P
Where:
S  Pressure loss ratio;
Pmin  Pressure loss for the valve at wide opening of control valve (Pa) (mmH2O);
P  Total pressure loss of the system (Pa).
4. The pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the control valve shall meet the specifications of
the manufacturer. The throughput and bore diameter of the control valves shall be selected for calculation.
Article 7.3.12 Three-way mixed valves should not be used as three-way splitter valves and vice versa.
Single seat valves shall be adopted as two-way steam valves.
Article 7.3.13 For air supply and air conditioning systems in severely cold or cold regions, the fresh air
heaters should be provided with automatic anti-freezing protection.
Article 7.3.14 Multi-blade split control valves should be used as the automatic control valves for the air
duct.
Article 7.3.15 A continuous operating radiator heating system shall be installed with automatic control
valves for radiators when necessary.
Article 7.3.16 For an intermittently operating heating system with hot air supplied by air heaters, the start
and stop of the air heater should be controlled according to the variation in the temperature or pressure of
the heating medium. The air heater will be automatically turned on when the temperature or pressure of the
heating medium become higher than the settings and automatically turned off when the same temperature
or pressure falls lower than the settings.
Section IV Automatic protection and control of the refrigerator
Article 7.4.1 The compression refrigerator shall be provided with the following safety protections:
1. Safety protection for the compressor:
1) High pressure protection for the exhaust pressure and the low pressure protection for the suction
pressure;
2) Oil pressure difference protection for the lubricating system;
3) Motor overload protection and single phase operation protection;
4) Water-break protection for the cooling water case;
5) High temperature protection for the shaft of centrifugal compressor;
2. Anti-freezing protection for the cold water in the horizontal type shell tube evaporator;
3. Cooling water-break protection for the condenser and the fault protection for the ventilation fan of
evaporative condenser.
Article 7.4.2 The absorption refrigerator shall be provided with the following safety protections:
1. Low temperature protection for the cold water or cryogen water;
2. Anti-crystallizing protection for the lithium bromide solution
1) High temperature protection for the concentrated solution at the outlet of generator;
2) Level protection for the cryogen water;
3) Water-break protection or low flow rate protection for the cooling water;
4) Anti-crystallizing protection when shut down;
3. Low temperature protection of the cooling water;
4. Overload and cavitation protections for the shield pump;
5. Over temperature protection for the cryogen water in the evaporator.
Article 7.4.3 In the design, it is recommended to use refrigerator with automatic energy control device in
case of large number of units used, the control method which combines the energy control with control of
operated unit number should be adopted.
Note: When a complete set of refrigerators is supplied without automatic energy control device, the manual control method
may be adopted.
Article 7.4.4 The number of operating refrigerators should be controlled according to the actual required
cooling load, cold water volume or cold water temperature.
Article 7.4.5 The refrigerator shall interlock with the water pump of cooling water system. When
Article 7.4.6 In the refrigeration equipment, detecting instruments should be installed for the following
major parameters:
1. Cooling water inlet and outlet temperature of the evaporator;
2. Cooling water inlet and outlet temperature of the condenser;
3. Air exhaust and suction pressure and temperature of the compressor;
4. Shaft temperature of the centrifugal compressor;
5. Steam inlet temperature and pressure and condense water outlet temperature of the absorption
refrigerator generator.
6. Pressure of the absorption refrigerator shield pump.
Note: When the refrigerator is equipped with detecting instruments, it is not necessary to install others.
Chapter VIII Noise Elimination and Vibration Insulation
Section I General specifications

Article 8.1.1 The design of noise elimination and vibration insulation for the heating, ventilation and air
conditioning system shall be determined through calculation, depending on the process and service
requirements, the frequency response and propagation mode of noise and vibration.
Article 8.1.2 The noise created by the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems and the level of
noise being transmitted to the room and its surroundings shall comply with relevant stipulations of the
current national Design Standard for Noise Control of Industrial Enterprises and Urban Area
Environmental Noise Standard.
Article 8.1.3 For selection of the equipment and design of the system, the following measures shall be
taken to reduce the noise from the acoustic source:
1. Try to select and use equipment with high efficiency and low noise (ventilation fan and water pump etc.);
2. The total air rate and resistance of the system should not be too high;
3. It is recommended to adopt direct-coupled drive between the ventilation fan and motor, if the direct-
coupled drive is not possible, the coupling drive or the bead apex drive may also be adopted;
4. The inlet and outlet piping of the ventilation fan are not recommended to have abrupt turnings.
5. If necessary, guide vane shall be installed on the elbows and T pieces.
Article 8.1.4 For the ventilation and air conditioning system which have requirement for noise elimination,
values in table 8·1·4 should be taken for the air velocity in its air duct.
Table 8·1·4 Air Velocity in the Air Duct (m/s)
Allowable room noise level

Main duct air velocity Branch duct air velocity
dB(A)
25~35 3~4 2
35~50 4~7 2~3
50~65 6~9 3~5
65~85 8~12 5~8
Note: For the air duct between the ventilation fan and the muffler, it may adopt the air rate of 8~10m/s.
Article 8.1.5 The location of ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration machine room should not close
the rooms of relatively higher anti-vibration and noise elimination requirements.
The control of noise source in the machine room shall mainly focus on the sound insulation and vibration
insulation, and make sound absorption as subsidiary.
Article 8.1.6 Air duct being processed for noise elimination should not go though the rooms of high noise
level; while the air duct with high noise should not go through the room of low noise requirement. If it is
necessary to go through, then noise insulation measures shall be adopted.
Section II Noise elimination and sound insulation
Article 8.2.1 It is recommended to try to use actual measured values for the acoustic power level of the
noise sources of heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment (ventilation fan, air conditioning units,
refrigeration compressor and water pump, etc.); if the actual measured value is not available, it may be
determined through calculation.
Article 8.2.2 The regenerated noise acoustic power level and the natural noise decrement produced when
the air flow goes through such parts like straight air duct, elbow, T piece, reducer, valve, supply and return
air inlets shall be determined through calculation on the basis of the central frequency of each octave
frequency band.
Note: For straight air duct, when the air velocity is lower than 5m/s, the airflow regenerated noise may not be calculated;
when the air velocity is high than 8m/s, the natural noise decrement may not be calculated.
Article 8.2.3 For the noise generated by the ventilation and air conditioning system, when the natural
attenuation can not reach the allowable noise standard, mufflers shall be installed or other sound
elimination methods shall be adopted. The required volume of sound elimination for the system shall be
determined through calculation.
Article 8.2.4 In the selection of muffler, the dissipative muffler, reactive muffler and compound muffler of
dissipative and reactive shall be adopted respectively through technical and economical comparisons,
according to the factors including the required sound elimination volume of the system, the acoustic
performance of the muffler, and the dynamic characteristics of the air.
Article 8.2.5 The air velocity through the indoor mufflers should not be higher than 5m/s, and the air
velocity though the muffler elbows should not be higher than 8m/s; the air velocity through other types of
mufflers shall be no higher than 10m/s.
Note: The air velocity through micropunched plate muffler is restricted by this stipulation.
Article 8.2.6 The muffler shall be installed on the duct section with stable airflow which is close to the
machine room, in case the muffler is directly installed in the machine room, the muffler, inspection door
and air duct after sound elimination treatment shall have good sound insulation abilities; if necessary, the
mufflers may also be installed on the mains and branch duct in sections.
Article 8.2.7 For the ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration machine rooms, necessary sound
insulation measures shall be taken according to the allowable noise standard of adjacent rooms or
buildings.
Article 8.2.8 At the places where the ducts across the building enclosure of the machine room, the gaps
around the hold shall be tightly sealed.
Section III Vibration insulation
Article 8.3.1 When the vibration of the ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment can not
reach the allowable level through natural attenuation, the isolators shall be installed or other vibrating
isolation measures shall be taken.
Article 8.3.2 When the rotating speed of the equipment is lower than or equal to 1500r/min, the spring
isolator is recommended; when the rotating speed of the equipment is higher than 1500r/min, the vibro-
damping blocks or rubber isolators made of such flexible materials as rubber etc. are recommended.
Article 8.3.3 In case the spring isolator is selected, it shall meet the following requirements:
1. The ratio of the equipment operation frequency to the natural vibration frequency of spring isolator on
the vertical direction shall be greater than or equal to 2;
2. The load undertaking by the spring isolator shall not exceed the allowable working load;
3. In case the resonant amplitude is relatively large, it should be used together with the materials of larger
damp.
Article 8.3.4 In case the rubber isolator is selected, it shall meet the following requirements:
1. The influence of ambient temperature on the compression deformation volume shall be considered;
2. The calculated compression deformation volume should be adopted as 1/3~1/2 of the limit compressed
volume provided by the manufacturer;
3. The ratio of the equipment operation frequency to the natural vibration frequency of rubber isolator on
the vertical direction shall be greater than or equal to 2;
4. The load undertaking by the rubber isolator shall not exceed the allowable working load.
Note: The rubber isolator shall avoid direct sunshine radiation or contact with oils.
Article 8.3.5 When any one of the following requirements is meet, the size and mass of the vibro-damping
mount should be increased:
1. When the gravity center of the equipment is relatively high;
2. When the gravity center of the equipment deviates from its center to a relatively large extent, and is
difficult to adjust;
Article 8.3.6 It is recommended to use flexible hose to connect the inlet and outlet of the ventilation fan
and water pump to the pipe.
When there is relatively higher requirement on sound elimination and vibration insulation, cushion of
flexible materials shall be placed between the piping and brackets. At the places where the ducts across the
building enclosure of the machine room, the gaps around the holds shall be tightly sealed.
Appendix I Terminology
Terminology Attached list 1.1
Term Used term Definition
Parameter The magnitude indicating a certain important feature of any

phenomenon, status, device or variation process. For
instance, such meteorological elements as air temperature,
humidity, pressure and flow velocity are the parameters
indicating the status or variation process of air.
Over the years Year by year. It refers in particular to each year of a previous
period of successive years adopted in organizing the
meteorological data.
For years in Over the years For many years (no less than three years). It refers in
succession particular to the accumulative total of a previous period of
successive years adopted in organizing the meteorological
data.
Radiant Radiation strength The radiant energy flux radiated on the surface element at a
illumination certain point on a surface divided by the area of this surface
element.
Heating Heat supply The technique of using artificial methods to keep a certain
room temperature, in order to create comfortable living and
working conditions.
Overall heating The heating system installed to meet a certain temperature

requirement in the whole room.
Central heating To send out centralize hot air with high velocity from one
with hot air supply place or several places at a certain height, so as to create a
jet-flow zone and back-flow zone for hot air heating.
Ventilation The technique of air change for the purpose of improving the
living and working environment to create comfortable safe
and clean conditions.
Wind-closed The skylights which can steadily exhaust the indoor air to
skylights the outside, without being affected by the change in outdoor
wind directions.
Local air supply Air shower Air supply to create a local climate in the working place,
which can be divided into the following two types:
Single unit local air supply  using axial ventilation fan to

blow the air directly to the working place.
Systematic local air supply  using ventilation fans to blow

the outdoor air (processed or not processed) through air duct
to the working place.
Wet work An operation method of humidifying the materials to prevent

diffusion of dust.
Hydraulic dust A dust removal method using water spray to coagulate the
removal dust and reduce dust raising.
Ventilation roof A kind roof which let the air circulate in the double roof so
as to reduce the effect of solar radiation.
Air conditioning The technique of brining the temperature, humidity,

cleanness and velocity of indoor air up to certain
requirements by artificial means, for the purpose of
satisfying the living and production demands and improving
the working and sanitary conditions.
Allowable Accuracy of constant Within the period required for certain specified parameters
fluctuation range of temperature to be maintained in an air-conditioned room, the allowable
indoor temperature D-value for the air temperature in the working area to
(room temperature) deviate from its reference value.
Allowable Within the period required for certain specified parameters

fluctuation range of to be maintained in an air-conditioned room, the allowable
indoor relative D-value for the relative air humidity in the working area to
humidity deviate from its reference value.
Allowable The abbreviation of allowable fluctuation range of indoor

fluctuation range of temperature and the allowable fluctuation range of indoor
indoor temperature relative humidity.
and humidity
Primary air return Before cooling and humidifying, the return air in the air-
conditioned room that is mixed with fresh air.
Secondary air After cooling and humidifying, the return air in the air-
return conditioned room that is mixed with the treated air
Refrigeration Cooling The technique of using artificial methods to achieve a lower

medium temperature than the ambient temperature, in order
Chilling
to provide cold source for cold storage, air conditioning and
scientific research.
Cold water Chilled water Low temperature water produced with the refrigerator or
natural cold source water
Cooling water The cooling water used for the refrigerating unit.
Automatic control The essential approach to realize automation of the

production and management process. Its purpose is to keep
the production and other processes going on according to a
certain operating procedure, without direct human
intervention.
Noise elimination Erasure The technique of controlling the noises generated from the
production process or other processes by certain means, so
as to reduce the noises to a level within the allowable range.
Vibration insulation Shock absorption The technique of making the vibration transmission of the
mechanical equipment attenuate to the allowable extent by
Damping
certain means, in order to prevent it from damaging the
building structure, impacting the production and harming
personal health.
Local solar time Local solar time The time calculated by taking the moment when the sun is
directly facing the local meridian line as 12 o’clock.
Severely cold area The areas where the average temperature of the coldest
months over the years is lower than or equal to -10 oC.
Cold area The areas where the average temperature of the coldest
months over the years is lower than or equal to 0 oC, but
higher than -10 oC.
Hot area The areas where the average temperature of the hottest
months over the years is higher than or equal to 28oC.
High-grade civil In this code, it refers in particular to the buildings with strict
building environmental and functional requirements in terms of
indoor temperature and humidity, air cleanliness and noise
standard and at a high level of equipment, such as the state
level hotels, assembly halls, theatres, libraries and
gymnasiums, as well as various key buildings of the above
types at the level of province, autonomous district and
municipality directly under the Central Government.
Appendix II Outdoor Meteorological Parameters
Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (I)

Station position Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)
Atmospheric pressure
Item Place average Winter Summer
hPa(mbar) temperature
North East Heated Air Lowest daily Ventil Ventilated Air Air Calculated
Elevation Winter Summer
latitude longitude conditioned mean ated conditioned conditioned daily range
（m） (℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
01 Beijing （3）
01.1 Yanqing 4027´ 11557’ 489.0 966.3 950.4 8.4 -13 -16 -17.4 -9 27 30.9 25.9 9.6
01.2 Miyun 4023´ 11650´ 71.6 1018.0 996.9 10.8 -11 -14 -16.7 -7 29 32.6 28.7 7.5
01.3 Beijing 11628´ 31.2 1020.4 998.6 11.4 -9 -12 -15.9 -5 30 33.2 28.6 8.8
3948´
02 Tianjin （3）
02.1 Ji-Xian 4002´ 11725´ 16.4 1025.4 1003.5 12.3 -10 -12 -14.6 -4 29 32.7 28.4 8.3
02.2 Tianjin 3906´ 11710´ 3.3 1026.6 1004.8 12.2 -9 -11 -13.1 -4 29 33.4 29.2 8.1
02.3 Tanggu 3850´ 11743´ 5.4 1026.6 1004.7 12.0 -8 -10 -14.5 -4 28 31.4 28.5 5.6
03 Hebei （6）
03.1 Chengde 4053´ 11756´ 375.2 980.0 962.8 8.9 -14 -17 -19.8 -9 28 32.3 26.7 10.8
03.2 Zhangjiak 4047´ 11453´ 723.9 938.9 924.4 7.8 -15 -18 -22.9 -10 27 31.6 26.4 10.0
ou
03.2 Tangshan 3938´ 11810´ 25.9 1028.4 1002.2 11.1 -10 -12 -15.0 -5 29 32.7 28.0 9.0
03.4 Baoding 3851´ 11531´ 17.2 1024.7 1002.6 12.3 -9 -11 -13.7 -4 31 34.8 29.6 10.0
03.5 Shijiazhua 3802´ 11425´ 80.5 1016.9 995.6 12.9 -8 -11 -17. -3 31 35.1 29.7 10.4
ng
03.6 Xingtai 3704´ 11430´ 76.8 1017.4 995.3 13.1 -8 -11 -14.6 -3 31 35.0 29.9 9.8
04 Shanxi （6）
Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (II)

Item Place Average Calculated outdoor relative humidity (%) Outdoor wind velocity (m/s) Most frequent wind direction and its frequency Sunshine
temperature Winter Summer Whole year rate in
Monthly Monthly 14 clock Average of Winter Summer Wind Frequency Wind Frequency Wind direction Frequency winter
of hottest
(%)
month (oC) average of average of average of most average average direction (%) direction (%) (%)
coldest hottest hottest frequent
month month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
01 Beijing (3)
01.1 Yanqing 23.3 43 77 62 6.7 3.7 2.2 WSW 18 C 20 C 16 72
SW 7 WSW 10
01.2 Miyun 25.7 42 77 62 3.6 2.8 1.9 NE 18 C 25 C 20 68
NE 12 NE 13
01.3 Beijing 25.8 45 78 64 4.8 2.8 1.9 C N N19 13 C 24 C 20 67
NNW 13 N 9 N 10
02 Tianjin (3)
02.1 Ji-Xian 26.4 43 78 65 - 3.0 2.5 NNW 13 SE 12 ENE NNW 10 10 61
ESE 12 WSW 10
02.2 Tianjin 26.4 53 78 65 6.0 3.1 2.6 C 13 SE 11 C 10 62
NNW 13 NNW 8
02.3 Tanggu 26.2 62 79 70 6.0 4.3 4.4 NE 12 SE 12 SW 9 67
03 Hebei (6)
Province
03.1 Chengde 24.4 46 72 57 4.0 1.4 1.1 C 55 C 51 C 51 70
NW 11 S 7 NW 7
03.2 Zhangjiak 23.2 43 67 51 4.3 3.6 2.4 NNW 26 C 24 C 21 67
ou SE 15 NNW 19
03.3 Tangshan 25.5 52 79 64 3.0 2.6 2.3 C 19 C 15 C 17 62
W 10 E 11 E 8
03.4 Baoding 26.6 55 76 62 2.7 2.1 2.1 C SW 19 10 C 19 C 18 60
N 10 SW 10 SW 11
03.5 Shijiazhua 26.6 52 75 54 2.3 1.8 1.5 C 32 C 35 C N 32 9 66
ng N 10 SE 10 SE 9
03.6 Xingtai 26.7 59 77 54 2.3 1.9 2.0 C 23 C 19 C 21 60
N 13 S 17 S 16
04 Shanxi （6）
Province
Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (III)

Days of heating period and its average temperature for design and Starting and ending Average extreme 统计
calculation Date Temperature (oC)
Days with average daily Average temperature during the Starting and ending date of the Extreme lowest Extreme highest
Item Place temperature +5oC(+8oC) period with period when average daily temperature temperature
average daily temperature temperature +5oC(+8oC) ( oC) (oC) Extreme lowest Extreme highest
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
01 Beijing （3）
01.1 Yanqing 149 （173） -3.7 （-2.5） 10.31~3.28 (10.20~4.10) -27.3 39.0 -22.6 34.9 195
01.2 Miyun 139 （154） -2.3 （-1.3） 11.7~3.25 (10.28~3.30) -27.3 40.0 -19.6 36.6 195
01.3 Beijing 129 （149） -1.6 （-0.2） 11.9~3.17 (11.1~3.29) -27.4 40.6 -17.1 37.1 195
02 Tianjin （3）
02.1 Ji-Xian 134 （151） -1.4 （-0.5） 11.7~3.20 (10.31~3.30) -22.9 39.7 -17.7 37.1 196
02.2 Tianjin 122 （147） -0.9 （0.3） 11.16~3.17 (11.4~3.30) -22.9 39.7 -14.7 37.1 195
02.3 Tanggu 157 （148） 1.5 （-0.3） 11.17~3.23 (11.6~4.2) -18.3 39.9 -12.9 35.4 195
03 Hebei （6）
Province
03.1 Chengde 147 （165） -4.2 （-3.0） 11.2~3.28 (10.23~4.5) -23.3 41.5 21.3 36.0 195
03.2 Zhangjiakou 155 （177） -4.6 （-3.2） 10.28~3.31 (10.19~4.13) -25.7 40.9 -22.4 35.6 195
03.2 Tangshan 137 （153） -1.5 （-0.6） 11.8~3.24 (11.1~4.2) -21.9 39.6 -17.8 36.3 195
03.4 Baoding 124 （146） -0.9 （0.3） 11.13~3.16 (11.3~3.28) -22.0 43.3 -16.8 38.9 195
03.5 Shijiazhuang 117 （140） -0.2 （1.0） 11.17~3.13 (11.6~3.25) -26.5 42.7 -16.6 39.2 195
03.6 Xingtai 116 （140） 0.0 （1.2） 11.18~3.13 (11.6~3.25) -22.4 41.8 -16.6 39.5 195
04 Shanxi （6）
Province

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)
Item Place Station position average Winter Summer
North East Heated Air Lowest daily Ventilated Ventilated Air Air Calculated
Elevation Winter Summer
latitude longitude conditioned mean conditio conditioned daily range
（m） (℃) ned daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
04.1 Datong 4006´ 11320´ 1066.7 899.2 888.6 6.5 -17 -20 -24.0 -11 26 30.3 24.8 10.6
04.2 Yangquan 3751´ 11333´ 741.9 936.2 922.7 10.8 -11 -13 -15.5 -4 28 32.5 27.1 10.4
04.3 Taiyuan 3747´ 11233´ 777.9 932.9 919.2 9.5 -12 -15 -17.8 -7 28 31.2 26.1 9.8
04.4 Jiexiu 11156´ 748.8 936.8 922.4 10.4 -10 -13 -17.1 -5 28 32.2 26.7 10.6
3703´
04.5 Yangcheng 3529´ 11224´ 659.5 946.9 931.8 11.7 -7 -10 -13.5 -3 29 32.7 27.6 9.8
04.6 Yuncheng 3502´ 11101´ 376.0 982.1 962.8 13.6 -7 -9 -13.2 -2 32 35.5 31.4 7.9
05 Nei Monggol (6)
Autonomous
Region
05.1 Hailar 4913´ 11945´ 612.8 947.2 935.5 -2.1 -34 -37 -42.5 -27 25 28.1 22.8 10.2
05.2 Xilinhot 4357´ 11604´ 989.5 905.7 895.6 1.7 -27 -30 -32.5 -20 26 30.4 24.4 11.5
05.3 Erenhot 4339´ 11200´ 964.7 910.1 898.1 3.4 -26 -30 -34.5 -19 28 32.6 26.8 11.2
05.4 Tongliao 4336´ 12216´ 178.5 1002.8 894.3 6.0 -20 -22 -26.7 -14 28 32.5 27.1 10.4
05.5 Chifeng 4216´ 11858´ 571.1 954.9 940.9 6.8 -18 -20 -24.7 -12 28 32.6 27.2 10.4
05.6 Hohhot 4049´ 11141´ 1063.0 900.9 889.4 5.8 -19 -22 25.1 -13 26 29.9 25.0 9.4
06 Liaoning (11)
Province
06.1 Kaiyuan 4232´ 12403´ 98.2 1013.0 994.3 6.5 -22 -25 -29.0 -14 27 30.9 26.6 8.3
06.2 Fuxin 4202´ 12139´ 144.0 1008.2 989.0 7.5 -17 -20 -23.2 -12 28 31.9 26.6 10.2
P1320098
Item Place Average Calculated outdoor relative humidity (%) Outdoor wind velocity (m/s) Most frequent wind direction and its frequency Sunshine rate
temperature Winter Summer Whole year in winter (%)
of hottest Monthly Monthly 14 clock Average of Winter Summer Wind Frequency Wind Frequency Wind Frequency
month (oC) average of average of average of most average average direction (%) direction (%) direction (%)
coldest hottest hottest month frequent
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
04.1 Datong 21.8 50 66 48 3.5 3.0 3.4 C 19 C 26 C 21 67
N 18 N 11 N 15
04.2 Yangquan 24.0 42 71 46 5.0 2.4 1.5 C 34 C 44 C NW 39 10 68
WNW 16 E 8 WNW 10
04.3 Taiyuan 23.5 51 72 54 3.3 2.6 2.1 C 24 C 26 C 24 64
NNW 14 NNW 13 NNW 13
04.4 Jiexiu 23.9 50 72 54 3.8 2.6 1.6 C 29 C 37 C 32 63
SW 20 SW 9 SW 14
04.5 Yangcheng 24.6 50 75 54 3.5 2.1 1.8 C 44 C 40 C NW 41 10 60
NW 15 SE 13 SE 10
04.6 Yuncheng 27.3 57 69 46 5.3 2.6 3.4 C 29 18 C 20 49
NE 9 SE SE 12
05 Nei (6)
Monggol
Autonomou
s Region
05.1 Hailar 19.6 78 71 47 2.4 2.6 3.2 C 22 C 13 C 15 67
S 11 E 10 S 10
05.2 Xilinhot 20.8 71 62 44 4.9 3.4 3.2 C 22 C SW 19 8 C 19 69
SW 20 SSW 8 SW 13
05.3 Erenhot 22.9 66 49 34 2.8 3.9 3.9 SW 15 C 9 SW 12 75
NW 8
05.4 Tongliao 23.9 56 73 55 4.0 3.4 3.1 NW 16 S 16 NW 11 75
S 11
05.5 Chifeng 23.5 44 65 48 2.9 2.4 2.1 C 28 C 24 C 24 72
SW 15 SW 15 SW 15
05.6 Hohhot 21.9 56 64 49 4.5 1.6 1.5 C 49 C 42 C 43 69
NW 10 SSW 7 NW 8
06 Liaoning (11)
Province
06.1 Kaiyuan 23.8 66 80 65 3.6 3.3 3.0 S 17 S 17 S 17 64
06.2 Fuxin 24.2 53 76 59 4.0 2.3 2.1 C 31 C 29 C 28 71
NW 11 SSW 20 SSW 14
P1320099
Extreme lowest Extreme
Item Place temperature highest
Days with average daily Average temperature during the Starting and ending date of the ( oC) temperature
temperature +5oC(+8oC) period with period when average daily (oC) Extreme lowest Extreme
average daily temperature temperature +5oC(+8oC) highest
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
04.1 Datong 165 （186） -5.0 （-3.7） 10.23~4.5 (10.11~4.14) -29.1 37.7 -25.1 34.5 195
04.2 Yangquan 129 （153） -0.9 （1.1） 11.11~3.19 (10.30~3.31) -19.1 40.2 -15.3 36.2 195
04.3 Taiyuan 144 （162） -2.1 （-1.2） 11.2~3.25 (10.23~4.2) -25.5 39.4 -21.4 35.2 195
04.4 Jiexiu 130 （155） -2.2 （-0.7） 11.7~3.16 (10.27~3.30) -24.5 38.6 -19.1 35.9 195
04.5 Yangcheng 118 （143） -0.3 （0.9） 11.17~3.14 (11.5~3.27) -19.7 40.2 -14.4 36.6 195
04.6 Yuncheng 105 （129） 0.3 （1.7） 11.2~3.4 (11.8~3.16) -18.9 42.7 -14.7 39.2 195
05 Nei Monggol （6）
Autonomous
Region
05.1 Hailar 213 （233） -14.2 （-12.3） 10.1~5.1 (9.22~5.12) -48.5 36.7 -41.2 33.2 195
05.2 Xilinhot 190 （214） -10.3 （-8.7） 10.9~4.16 (9.26~4.27) -42.4 38.3 -34.4 34.9 195
05.3 Erenhot 184 （201） -9.0 （-7.4） 10.11~4.12 (10.2~4.20) -40.2 39.9 -33.7 37.0 195
05.4 Tongliao 167 （190） -7.3 （-5.4） 10.2~4.4 (10.14~4.21) -30.9 39.1 -27.7 35.8 195
05.5 Chifeng 160 （189） -5.9 （-4.1） 10.27~4.4 (10.14~4.20) -31.4 42.5 -25.9 36.1 195
05.6 Hohhot 171 （188） -5.9 （-4.8） 10.20~4.8 (10.9~4.14) -32.8 37.3 -27.0 34.1 195
06 Liaoning （11）
Province
06.1 Kaiyuan 162 （182） -6.9 （-5.4） 10.27~4.6 (10.15~4.14) 35.0 35.7 -30.3 33.5 195
06.2 Fuxin 159 （181） -5.4 （-3.9） 10.28~4.4 (10.18~4.16) -28.4 40.6 -24.6 35.3 195
P1320100
North East Elevation Heated Air Lowest daily Ventilated Ventilated Air Air Calculated
Winter Summer
latitude longitude （m） conditioned mean conditioned conditioned daily range
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
06.3 Fushun 4154´ 12403´ 118.1 1010.5 992.4 6.6 -21 -24 -28.7 -14 28 31.6 26.8 9.2
06.4 Shenyang 4146´ 12326´ 41.6 1020.8 1000.7 7.8 -19 -22 -24.9 -12 28 31.4 27.2 8.1
06.5 Chaoyang 12027´ 168.7 1004.6 985.7 8.4 -16 -19 -22.3 -11 29 33.1 27.7 10.4
4133´
06.6 Benxi 4119´ 12347´ 185.2 1003.2 985.5 7.8 -19 -23 -24.9 -12 28 31.1 27.3 7.3
06.7 Jinzhou 4108´ 12107´ 65.9 1017.6 997.4 9.0 -15 -17 -19.9 -9 28 31.0 26.6 8.5
06.8 Anshan 4105´ 12300´ 77.3 1017.5 997.1 8.8 -18 -21 -25.2 -10 28 31.2 27.5 7.1
06.9 Yingkou 4040´ 12216´ 3.3 1026.2 1005.4 8.9 -16 -18 -21.5 -10 28 30.0 27.3 5.2
09.10 Dandong 4003´ 12420´ 15.1 1023.7 1005.3 8.5 -14 -17 -20.7 -8 27 29.0 26.0 5.8
06.11 Dalian 3854´ 12138´ 92.8 1013.8 994.7 10.2 -11 -14 -18.6 -5 26 28.4 25.5 5.6
07 Jilin （6）
Province
07.1 Tongyu 4447´ 12304´ 149.5 1005.0 987.3 5.1 -22 -24 -29.8 -16 28 31.9 26.9 9.6
07.2 Jilin 4357´ 12658´ 188.4 1001.3 984.7 4.4 -25 -28 -33.8 -18 27 30.3 26.1 8.1
07.3 Changchun 4354´ 12513´ 236.8 994.0 977.9 4.9 -23 -26 -29.8 -16 27 30.5 25.9 8.8
07.4 Siping 4311´ 12420´ 164.2 1004.1 986.3 5.9 -22 -25 -27.7 -15 27 30.6 26.2 8.5
07.5 Yanji 4253´ 12928´ 176.8 1000.3 986.5 5.0 -20 -22 -25.7 -14 26 30.8 25.3 10.6
07.6 Tonghua 4141´ 12554´ 402.9 974.5 960.7 4.9 -24 -27 -29.7 -16 26 29.4 25.0 8.5
0101
month ( C)
o average of average of average of most average average direction (%) direction (%) direction (%)
coldest hottest hottest month frequent
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
06.3 Fushun 23.7 69 80 64 2.8 2.8 2.6 NE 22 C 14 NE 17 60
NE
14
06.4 Shenyang 24.6 64 78 64 3.2 3.1 2.9 N 13 S 17 S 12 58
06.5 Chaoyang 24.6 44 73 56 3.8 2.8 2.6 C 29 C 26 C 25 72
S 11 S 21 S 16
06.6 Benxi 24.3 65 75 62 - 2.6 2.4 E 29 C 22 E 20 55
E 15
06.7 Jinzhou 24.3 50 80 65 6.8 3.9 3.8 C 17 SSW 18 C 14 68
N 15 SSW 13
06.8 Anshan 24.8 61 76 64 4.7 3.5 3.1 C 19 C 18 C 16 60
N 12 16S S 13
06.9 Yingkou 24.8 63 78 67 5.2 3.5 3.5 NNE 15 SW 13 SSW 12 70
09.10 Dandong 23.2 58 86 74 5.6 3.8 2.5 NNW 19 C 19 C 16 65
S 15 NE 12
06.11 Dalian 23.9 58 83 76 7.4 5.8 4.3 N 25 SE 15 N 15 66
07 Jilin (6)
Province
07.1 Tongyu 23.8 60 73 55 4.6 4.2 4.2 W 14 C S 11 11 NNW 10 71
SSW 11 SSW 10
07.2 Jilin 22.9 72 79 64 4.5 3.0 2.5 C 24 C 18 C 18 59
SW 19 SE 12 SW 14
07.3 Changchun 23.0 68 78 64 5.1 4.2 3.5 SW 20 SW 15 SW 17 66
07.4 Siping 23.6 68 78 64 4.2 3.1 2.9 C 14 17 SSW 16 70
SSW 14 SSW
07.5 Yanji 21.3 60 80 64 5.7 2.9 2.3 C 38 C 29 C 34 60
W 21 ENE 21 W 14
07.6 Tonghua 22.2 72 80 63 3.3 1.3 1.7 C SW 53 6 C 36 C 40 54
SSW 6 SSW 12 SSW 10
P1320102
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
06.3 Fushun 160 (179) -6.5 (-5.0) 10.28~4.5 (10.18~4.14) -35.2 36.9 -30.7 34.3 195
06.4 Shenyang 152 (177) -5.7 (-4.0) 11.3~4.3 (10.19~4.13) -30.6 38.3 -26.8 34.0 195
06.5 Chaoyang 154 (177) -4.9 (-3.3) 11.3~4.5 (10.20~4.14) -31.1 40.6 -26.1 37.0 195
06.6 Benxi 152 (175) -5.6 (-4.0) 11.4~4.4 (10.21~4.13) -32.3 37.3 -28.3 34.2 195
06.7 Jinzhou 147 (168) -3.9 (-2.5) 11.5~3.31 (10.26~4.11) -24.7 41.8 -21.4 34.6 195
06.8 Anshan 148 (170) -4.5 (-2.9) 11.5~4.1 (10.24~4.11) -30.4 36.9 -25.5 34.5 195
06.9 Yingkou 149 (169) -3.8 (-2.6) 11.5~4.2 (10.26~4.12) -27.3 35.3 -23.3 32.8 195
06.10 Dandong 151 (170) -3.0 (-1.8) 11.6~4.5 (10.28~4.15) -28.0 34.3 -21.4 32.2 195
06.11 Dalian 132 (158) -1.5 (-0.1) 11.18~3.29 (11.6~4.12) -21.1 35.3 -16.2 31.5 195
07 Jilin (6)
Province
07.1 Tongyu 176 (191) -8.1 (-6.8) 10.19~4.12 (10.11~4.19) -33.5 38.9 -28.9 35.9 195
07.2 Jilin 175 (195) -9.0 (-7.1) 10.20~4.12 (10.8~4.20) -40.2 36.6 -35.0 33.7 195
07.3 Changchun 174 (192) -8.0 (-6.6) 10.22~4.13 (10.11~4.20) -36.5 38.0 -30.2 33.8 195
07.4 Siping 162 (189) -7.6 (-5.2) 10.27~4.6 (10.12~4.18) -34.6 36.6 -29.3 33.5 195
07.5 Yanji 174 (194) -6.9 (-5.4) 10.2~4.13 (10.10~4.21) -32.7 37.6 -28.7 34.9 195
07.6 Tonghua 173 (193) -7.4 (-5.9) 10.22~4.12 (10.11~4.21) -36.3 35.5 -32.8 32.5 195
P1320103
Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
08 Helongjiang （10）
Province
08.1 Aihui 5015´ 12727´ 165.8 1000.3 985.8 -0.4 -31 -35 -36.1 -24 25 28.7 23.6 9.8
08.2 Yichun 4743´ 12854´ 231.3 992.0 978.6 0.4 -30 -33 -37.0 -24 25 29.2 23.5 11.0
08.3 Qiqihar 4723´ 12355´ 145.9 1004.6 987.7 3.2 -25 -28 -32.0 -20 27 30.6 26.1 8.7
08.4 Hegang 4722´ 13020´ 227.9 990.9 979.2 2.8 -24 -26 -30.0 -18 25 29.0 25.0 7.7
08.5 Jiamusi 4649´ 13017´ 81.2 1011.0 996.0 2.9 -26 -29 -33.7 -20 26 30.3 25.5 9.2
08.6 Anda 4623´ 12519´ 149.3 1003.8 987.3 3.2 -26 -29 -33.7 -20 27 31.1 26.2 9.4
08.7 Harbin 4541´ 12637´ 171.7 1001.5 985.1 3.6 -26 -23 -33.0 -20 27 30.3 26.0 8.3
08.8 Jixi 4517´ 13057´ 232.3 991.8 979.4 3.6 -23 -26 -29.5 -17 26 30.1 25.3 9.2
08.9 Mudanjiang 4434´ 12936´ 241.4 992.1 978.7 3.5 -24 -27 -31.0 -19 27 30.3 25.3 9.6
08.10 Suifenhe 4423´ 13109´ 496.7 958.5 951.0 2.3 -23 -26 -31.0 -17 23 27.3 22.8 9.6
09 Shanghai （3）
09.1 Chongming 3137´ 12127´ 2.2 1025.2 1005.4 15.2 -3 -4 -7.5 3 31 (32.1) 30.1 3.8
09.2 Shanghai 3110´ 12126´ 4.5 1025.1 1005.3 15.7 -2 -4 -6.9 3 32 34.0 30.4 6.9
09.3 Jinshan 3054´ 12110´ 4.0 1025.1 1005.2 15.5 -1 -3 -5.6 3 31 (33.8) 30.3 6.7
10 Jiangsu （6）
Province
104
temperature of Winter Summer Whole year in winter (%)
hottest month Monthly Monthly 14 clock Average of Winter Summer Wind Frequency Wind Frequency Wind Frequency
( C)
coldest hottest month hottest frequent
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
08 Helongjia (10)
ng
Province
08.1 Aihui 20.4 72 79 63 4.1 3.6 3.2 NW 45 NW 19 NW 30 68
08.2 Yichun 20.5 75 78 59 2.1 2.1 2.2 SW 20 NE 14 SW 15 58
08.3 Qiqihar 22.8 71 73 53 3.0 2.8 3.2 NW 16 N 11 NW 11 70
08.4 Hegang 21.2 62 77 62 3.9 3.3 3.0 W 18 NE 13 W 12 65
08.5 Jiamusi 22.0 71 78 62 5.0 3.4 3.0 SW 20 C 17 SW 16 62
WSW 20 SW 11
08.6 Anda 22.9 71 74 57 4.1 3.5 3.5 NW 12 SSW 10 SSW 10 68
08.7 Harbin 22.8 74 77 61 4.7 3.8 3.5 S 13 S 13 S 12 63
SSW 13 SSW 12
08.8 Jixi 21.7 67 77 53 5.5 3.7 2.3 W 33 C 21 W 21 69
W 11
08.9 Mudanjian 22.0 71 76 57 2.5 2.3 2.1 C 29 C 23 C 24 63
g SW 15 SW 16 SW 15
08.10 Suifenhe 19.2 65 82 61 6.2 4.2 2.2 W 36 C 31 C 26 67
E 12 W 21
09 Shanghai (3)
09.1 Chongmin 27.5 79 85 73 4.1 3.8 3.8 NNW 15 SE 18 SE 11 47
g NW 12 SSE 14
09.2 Shanghai 27.8 75 83 67 3.8 3.1 3.2 NW 14 ESE 15 ESE 10 43
WNW 12 SE 15
09.3 Jinshan 27.8 79 85 71 4.5 3.7 3.6 NW 14 SE 18 ESE 11 44
NNW 14 ESE 17
10 Jiangsu (6)
Province
P1320105
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
08 Helongjiang (10)
Province
08.1 Aihui 199 (224) -12.8 (-11.1) 10.5~4.21 (9.28~5.7) -44.5 37.7 -37.8 33.6 195
08.2 Yichun 197 (219) -11.5 (-9.8) 10.6~4.20 (9.27~5.3) -43.1 35.1 -39.2 32.8 195
08.3 Qiqihar 186 (204) -9.8 (-8.5) 10.14~4.17 (10.4~4.25) -39.5 40.1 -32.6 35.2 195
08.4 Hegang 186 (206) -9.4 (-7.9) 10.14~4.17 (10.5~4.28) -34.5 36.2 -29.7 32.9 195
08.5 Jiamusi 183 (205) -10.2 (-8.5) 10.16~4.16 (10.4~4.26) -41.1 35.4 -34.6 33.8 195
08.6 Anda 182 (202) 10.3 (-8.6) 10.15~4.14 (10.4~4.23) -39.3 38.3 -33.5 35.0 195
08.7 Harbin 170 (198) -9.5 (-7.8) 10.18~4.14 (10.6~4.21) -38.1 36.4 -33.4 34.2 195
08.8 Jixi 180 (201) -8.7 (-7.1) 10.17~4.14 (10.6~4.24) -35.1 37.1 -30.0 34.2 195
08.9 Mudanjiang 180 (200) -9.1 (-7.5) 10.16~4.13 (10.5~4.22) -38.3 36.5 -33.1 34.3 195
08.10 Suifenhe 190 (213) -8.4 (-6.9) 10.13~4.20 (10.1~5.1) -37.5 34.7 -30.3 32.0 195
09 Shanghai (3)
09.1 Chongming 70 (112) 3.6 (4.7) 12.22~3.1 (11.27~3.18) -10.5 37.3 -6.9 35.4 196
09.2 Shanghai 62 (109) 4.1 (5.3) 12.24~2.23 (11.29~3.17) -10.1 38.9 -6.7 36.6 195
09.3 Jinshan 61 (110) 3.8 (5.0) 12.22~2.20 (11.27~3.16) -10.8 38.3 -6.9 36.2 196
10 Jiangsu (6)
Province
P1320106
Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
10.1 Lianyungang 3436´ 11910´ 3.0 1026.3 1005.0 14.0 -5 -8 -11.4 0 31 (33.5) 31.0 4.8
10.2 Xuzhou 3417´ 11709´ 41.0 1021.8 1000.7 14.2 -5 -8 -12.1 0 31 34.8 30.5 8.3
10.3 Huaiyin 3336´ 11902´ 15.5 1024.6 1003.4 14.0 -5 -8 -13.0 0 31 33.8 30.4 6.5
10.4 Nantong 3201´ 12052´ 5.3 1025.4 1005.1 15.0 -2 -5 -8.2 3 31 33.0 30.1 5.6
10.5 Nanjing 3200´ 11848´ 8.9 1025.2 1004.0 15.3 -3 -6 -9.0 2 32 35.0 31.4 6.9
10.6 Wujin 3146´ 11957´ 9.2 1025.9 1004.9 15.4 -3 -5 -10.5 2 32 34.6 31.4 6.2
11 Zhejiang (6)
Province
11.1 Hangzhou 3014´ 12010´ 41.7 1020.9 1000.5 16.2 -1 -4 -6.0 4 33 35.7 31.5 8.3
11.2 Zhoushan 3002´ 12207´ 35.7 1020.9 1002.5 16.3 0 -2 -4.0 5 30 32.0 28.9 6.0
11.3 Ningbo 2952´ 12134´ 4.2 1025.4 1005.8 16.2 0 -3 -4.3 4 32 34.5 30.2 7.9
11.4 Jinhua 2907´ 11939´ 64.1 1017.9 998.6 17.3 0 -3 -6.1 5 34 36.4 32.2 9.1
11.5 Quzhou 2858´ 11852´ 66.9 1017.1 997.9 17.3 0 -2 -5.2 5 33 35.8 31.6 8.9
11.6 Wenzhou 2801´ 12040´ 6.0 1023.5 1005.5 17.9 3 1 -1.8 8 31 32.8 29.6 6.9
12 Anhui (7)
Province
12.1 Bo-Xian 3353´ 11547´ 37.1 1021.5 999.8 14.5 -5 -8 -12.6 0 31 35.3 31.2 7.9
12.2 Bengbu 3257´ 11722´ 21.0 1024.1 1002.3 15.1 -4 -7 -12.3 1 32 35.6 32.0 6.9
107
( C)
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
10.1 Lianyunga 26.8 66 81 67 4.9 3.0 3.0 C 16 SE 17 C 12 57
ng NNE 14 NNE 12
10.2 Xuzhou 27.0 64 81 65 3.6 2.8 2.9 C 20 C 15 C 13 53
ENE 13 ENE 12 ENE 13
10.3 Huaiyin 26.9 73 85 70 4.6 3.6 3.2 NE 10 SE 13 NE 9 50
SE 9
10.4 Nantong 27.3 76 86 72 3.8 3.3 3.1 NW 12 SE 13 E 9 48
10.5 Nanjing 28.0 73 81 64 3.8 2.6 2.6 C 25 C 18 C NE 22 9 46
NE 10 SE 13 E 9
10.6 Wujin 28.2 75 82 66 3.2 3.1 3.1 C NE 9 8 ESE 19 ESE 14 45
ESE 8
11 Zhejiang (6)
Province
11.1 Hangzhou 28.6 77 80 62 3.6 2.3 2.2 C 19 SSW 18 C 15 39
NNW 16 NNW 12
11.2 Zhoushan 27.2 70 84 73 5.5 3.7 3.2 C 19 SE 22 C N 18 11 42
NW 17 SE 11
11.3 Ningbo 28.1 78 83 68 4.4 2.9 2.9 NW 19 SSE 19 C 13 41
NW 11
11.4 Jinhua 29.4 76 74 56 4.4 3.0 2.4 ENE 27 ENE 20 ENE 26 40
11.5 Quzhou 29.1 78 76 58 4.3 3.0 2.5 ENE 26 NE 18 ENE 23 38
11.6 Wenzhou 27.9 75 84 73 3.1 2.2 2.1 C 23 C 32 C 27 38
NW 19 E 20 ESE 16
12 Anhui (7)
Province
12.1 Bo-Xian 27.5 67 80 61 2.9 2.3 2.1 C N 13 9 C S 15 8 C 15 54
NNE 9 SE E 8 8 N 8
12.2 Bengbu 28.1 71 80 60 3.3 2.6 2.3 C 21 C 25 C 18 47
108
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
10.1 Lianyungang 105 (123) 1.8 (2.6) 11.27~3.11 (11.20~3.22) -18.1 40.0 -12.3 36.9 195
10.2 Xuzhou 97 (120) 1.7 (2.6) 11.26~3.2 (11.18~3.17) -22.6 40.6 -11.7 37.8 195
10.3 Huaiyin 106 (127) 2.2 (3.0) 11.27~3.12 (11.20~3.26) -21.5 39.5 -12.4 36.7 195
10.4 Nantong 71 (113) 3.4 (4.5) 12.22~3.2 (11.26~3.18) -10.8 38.2 -7.5 35.5 195
10.5 Nanjing 83 (115) 3.2 (4.3) 12.8~2.28 (11.22~3.16) -14.0 40.7 -8.6 37.4 195
10.6 Wujin 83 (110) 3.6 (4.4) 12.9~3.1 (11.26~3.15) -15.5 39.4 -8.7 37.1 195
11 Zhejiang (6)
Province
11.1 Hangzhou 61 (102) 4.2 (5.4) 12.25~2.23 (11.29~3.10) -9.6 39.9 -6.0 37.8 195
11.2 Zhoushan - (74) 5.0 (6.0) - (12.22~3.5) -6.1 39.1 -3.7 35.8 195
11.3 Ningbo 50 (90) 4.4 (5.5) 12.26~2.13 (12.9~3.8) -8.8 38.7 -6.2 36.9 195
11.4 Jinhua 35 (82) 5.0 (6.1) 1.1~2.4 (12.11~3.2) -9.6 41.2 -5.8 38.4 195
11.5 Quzhou - (81) 5.0 (6.2) - (12.10~2.28) -10.4 40.5 -5.5 37.6 195
11.6 Wenzhou 0 (37) - (7.4) - (1.2~2.7) -4.5 39.3 -2.4 36.4 195
12 Anhui (7)
Province
12.1 Bo-Xian 96 (120) 1.6 (2.7) 11.26~3.1 (11.18~3.17) -20.6 42.1 -12.1 38.6 195
12.2 Bengbu 77 (117) 1.6 (2.3) 12.10~2.24 (11.21~3.17) -19.4 40.7 -10.7 38.3 195
109
Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
12.3 Hefei 3152´ 117‘14 29.8 1022.3 1000.9 15.7 -3 -7 -12.5 2 32 35.0 31.7 6.3
12.4 Liuan 3145´ 11620´ 60.5 1018.9 997.6 15.5 -3 -6 -11.1 2 32 35.7 31.7 7.7
12.5 Wuhu 3120´ 11820´ 14.8 1023.9 1002.8 16.0 -2 -5 -7.5 3 32 35.0 32.2 5.4
12.6 Anqing 3032´ 11703´ 19.8 1023.7 1002.9 16.5 -2 -5 -7.7 4 32 35.0 31.7 6.3
12.7 Tenxi 2943´ 11817´ 145.4 1007.6 988.9 16.3 -1 -4 -6.1 4 33 35.4 30.6 9.2
13 Fujian （7）
Province
13.1 Jiangyang 2720´ 11807´ 181.1 1001.6 985.4 18.1 2 0 -2.6 7 33 35.6 29.9 11.0
13.2 Nanping 2639´ 11810´ 125.6 1007.6 991.3 19.3 4 2 -0.2 9 34 36.0 30.3 11.5
13.3 Fuzhou 2605´ 11917´ 84.0 1012.6 996.4 19.6 6 4 1.6 10 33 35.2 30.4 9.2
13.4 Yongan 2558´ 11721´ 206.0 997.8 932.6 19.1 3 1 -1.2 9 33 35.7 20.8 11.3
13.5 Shanghang 2503´ 11625´ 205.4 997.8 983.4 19.9 4 2 -0.9 10 32 34.6 29.8 9.2
13.6 Zhangzhou 2430´ 11739´ 30.0 1017.8 1002.7 21.0 8 6 4.9 13 33 34.9 30.6 8.3
13.7 Xiamen 2427´ 11804´ 63.2 1013.8 999.1 20.9 8 6 4.9 13 31 33.4 29.9 6.7
14 Jiangxi （8）
Province
14.1 Jiujiang 2944´ 11600´ 32.2 1021.9 1000.9 17.0 0 -3 -6.8 4 33 36.4 32.4 7.7
14.2 Jingdezhen 2918´ 11712´ 61.5 1017.6 998.2 17.0 0 -3 -4.2 5 34 36.0 30.9 9.8
110
(oC) average of average of average of most average average direction (%) direction (%) direction (%)
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
12.3 Hefei 28.3 75 81 63 3.5 2.5 2.6 C 21 C 16 C 18 46
ENE 9 S 13 ENE 9
12.4 Liuan 28.2 76 80 63 3.8 2.5 2.3 C 19 C 15 C 17 48
NW 10 SE 12 ESE 11
12.5 Wuhu 28.7 77 80 63 3.0 2.4 2.3 C 20 C 17 C 17 42
E 13 E 19 E 16
12.6 Anqing 28.8 74 79 62 4.5 3.5 2.8 NE 33 NE 20 NE 30 40
12.7 Tenxi 28.1 78 79 57 3.2 1.3 1.3 C 48 C SW 43 6 C 46 38
NE 13 SSW 44 6 NE 10
13 Fujian (7)
Province
13.1 Jiangyan 28.1 82 79 57 2.3 1.1 1.4 C 47 C N 36 7 C 41 33
g N 10 S 7 N 9
13.2 Nanping 28.5 78 76 54 2.5 1.1 0.9 C NE 48 C 48 C 49 31
12 SE 6 NE 8
13.3 Fuzhou 28.8 74 78 61 3.7 2.7 2.9 C 18 SE 25 C 19 36
NW 12 SE 14
13.4 Yongan 28.0 80 75 54 2.0 1.2 1.4 C NE 45 9 C S 39 C 43 34
NNE 9 11 NE 8
13.5 Shangha 27.9 78 77 57 4.5 2.8 2.0 NW 32 SE 29 C 27 41
ng NW 19
13.6 Zhangzh 28.7 76 80 63 3.0 1.6 1.6 C 37 C 36 C 36 44
ou ESE 20 ESE 11 ESE 17
13.7 Xiamen 28.4 73 81 70 4.2 3.5 3.0 NE 19 C 14 NE 15 47
SE 13
14 Jiangxi (8)
Province
14.1 Jiujiang 29.4 75 76 60 4.4 3.0 2.4 NE 23 C 20 NE 20 35
NE 12
14.2 Jingdezh 28.7 76 79 56 2.3 2.0 2.0 C 25 C 26 NE 24 39
en NE 14 NE 14 15
111
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
12.3 Hefei 75 (109) 3.1 (4.3) 12.12~2.24 (11.24~3.12) -20.6 41.0 -9.4 37.6 195
12.4 Liuan 78 (118) 3.0 (4.3) 12.11~2.26 (11.22~3.14) -18.9 41.0 -10.3 38.0 195
12.5 Wuhu 61 (108) 3.5 (4.9) 12.21~2.19 (11.26~3.13) -13.1 39.5 -7.8 37.4 195
12.6 Anqing 54 (96) 4.0 (5.1) 12.23~2.14 (11.29~3.4) -12.5 40.2 -6.9 37.6 195
12.7 Tenxi 56 (90) 4.3 (5.3) 11.29~2.22 (11.29~2.26) -10.9 41.0 -7.7 38.3 195
13 Fujian (7)
Province
13.1 Jiangyang 0 (38) - (7.3) - (12.28~2.3) -8.7 41.3 -5.4 37.8 195
13.2 Nanping 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -5.8 41.0 -2.7 38.5 195
13.3 Fuzhou 0 (8) - (-) - (-) -1..2 39.8 0.9 37.7 195
13.4 Yongan 0 (0) - (8.0) - (1.1~1.8) -7.6 40.5 -3.7 38.5 195
13.5 Shanghang 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -4.8 39.7 -2.0 37.6 195
13.6 Zhangzhou 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -2.1 40.9 1.3 37.6 195
13.7 Xiamen 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 2.0 38.5 4.1 36.4 195
14 Jiangxi (8)
Province
14.1 Jiujiang 46 (95) 4.4 (5.6) 12.25~2.8 (12.5~3.9) -9.7 40.2 -5.6 38.2 195
14.2 Jingdezhen 39 (90) 4.8 (6.1) 12.28~2.4 (12.1~2.28) -10.9 41.8 -7.4 38.5 195
112

North East longitude Elevation Heated Air Lowest daily Ventilated Ventilated Air Air Calculated
Winter Summer
latitude （m） conditioned mean conditioned conditioned daily range
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
14.3 Dexing 2857′ 11735′ 56.4 1019.0 999.9 17.2 0 -2 -4.4 5 33 (36.0) 30.7 10.2
14.4 Nanchang 2836′ 11555′ 46.7 1018.8 999.1 17.5 0 -3 -5.6 5 33 35.6 32.1 6.7
14.5 Shangrao 2827′ 11759′ 118.3 1011.1 992.6 17.8 1 -2 -3.7 6 [33] [35.9] 31.9 7.7
14.6 Pingxiang 2739′ 11351′ 106.9 1012.4 993.3 17.2 0 -2 -5.4 5 33 (35.4) 31.3 7.9
14.7 Ji’an 2707′ 11458′ 76.4 1015.2 996.2 18.3 1 -1 -3.8 6 34 36.1 31.8 8.3
14.8 Ganzhou 2551′ 11457′ 123.8 1008.3 990.9 19.4 3 0 -2.7 8 33 35.4 31.6 7.3
15 Shandong (9)
Province
15.1 Yantai 3732′ 12124′ 46.7 1021.0 1001.0 12.4 -6 -9 -11.9 -2 27 30.7 28.2 4.8
15.2 Dezhou 3726′ 11619′ 21.2 1024.6 1002.4 12.9 -8 -11 -17.4 -4 31 34.7 29.9 9.2
15.3 Laiyang 3656′ 12042′ 30.5 1022.3 1002.3 11.2 -8 -11 -15.2 -4 29 32.1 27.7 8.5
15.4 Zibo 3650′ 11800′ 34.0 1022.6 1001.0 12.9 -9 -12 -16.0 -3 31 34.7 30.3 8.5
15.5 Weifang 3642′ 11905′ 44.1 1020.7 999.7 12.3 -8 -11 -14.5 -3 30 34.0 28.8 10.0
15.6 Jinan 3441′ 11659′ 51.6 1020.2 998.5 14.2 -7 -10 -13.7 -2 31 34.8 31.3 96.7
15.7 Qingdao 3604′ 12020′ 76.0 1016.9 997.2 12.2 -6 -9 -12.5 -1 27 29.0 27.2 3.5
15.8 Heze 3615′ 11526′ 49.7 1020.6 998.9 13.6 -6 -9 --12.5 -2 31 34.8 30.3 8.7
15.9 Linyi 3503′ 11821′ 87.9 1017.3 996.6 13.2 -6 -9 -11.6 -2 30 33.5 29.5 7.7
113
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
14.3 Dexing 28.6 82 79 59 - 0.9 1.1 C 58 C 51 C 54 37
NNE 7 NNE 7 NNE 8
14.4 Nanchang 29.6 74 75 58 5.4 3.8 2.7 N 29 C 19 N 22 34
SW 12
14.5 Shangrao 29.4 78 74 - - 2.7 2.6 C 23 C 20 C 20 36
NE 15 NE 12 NE 16
14.6 Pingxiang 29.0 83 76 56 - 1.5 1.6 C 35 C 34 C 34 25
SW 17 NE 12 SW 14
14.7 Ji’an 29.5 78 78 57 2.5 2.3 2.5 N 31 S 22 N 23 30
14.8 Ganzhou 29.5 75 70 54 2.7 2.1 2.0 N 38 C 23 N 25 33
SSW 19
15 Shandong (9)
Province
15.1 Yantai 25.2 60 80 74 4.2 3.3 4.8 WSW 14 WSW 15 C 11 57
11 SW 10
15.2 Dezhou 26.9 60 76 55 3.5 2.8 2. SSW 12 SSW 16 SSW 14 61
15.3 Laiyang 25.0 69 84 66 4.7 2.8 2.4 C 30 C 27 C NW 27 9 62
NW 14 NW 18 SSE 9
15.4 Zibo 26.9 60 76 57 3.8 2.6 2.3 C 22 C 26 C 23 57
SSW 12 SSW 13 SSW 14
15.5 Weifang 25. 61 81 61 4.3 3.5 3.2 NW 14 NW 20 SSE 12 62
S 12
15.6 Jinan 27.4 54 73 54 4.3 3.2 2.8 C 16 C ENE 16 SSW 16 61
ENE 15 14
15.7 Qingdao 25.1 64 85 72 6.5 5.7 4.9 NNW 21 NNW 26 SSE 16 61
15.8 Heze 27.0 67 79 62 4.0 2.8 2.4 C 15 C 17 C N 17 11 56
N 13 N 11 S 11
15.9 Linyi 26.2 62 83 63 3.4 2.7 2.5 C 15 C 12 C 13 56
NE 15 NE 11 NE 11
114
Extreme Extreme
Item Place lowest highest
Days with average daily Average temperature during the Starting and ending date of the period temperature temperature
temperature +5oC(+8oC) period with when average daily temperature ( oC) (oC) Extreme lowest Extreme
average daily temperature +5oC(+8oC) highest
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
14.3 Dexing 40 (93) 5.0 (6.3) 12.27~2.4 (11.29~3.1) -10.6 40.7 -7.3 38.2 195
14.4 Nanchang 35 (83) 5.0 (6.1) 12.30~2.2 (12.10~3.2) -9.3 40.6 -5.0 38.1 195
14.5 Shangrao - (77) 5.0 (6.6) - (12.14~2.28) -8.6 41.6 -4.9 38.6 195
14.6 Pingxiang 39 (80) 4.9 (6.0) 12.28~2.4 (12.11~2.28) -8.6 40.1 -5.3 37.9 195
14.7 Ji’an 0 (64) - (6.8) - (12.22~2.23) -8.0 40.2 -3.9 38.8 195
14.8 Ganzhou 0 (24) - (-7.7) - (12.28~1.20) -6.0 41.2 -2.5 38.2 195
15 Shandong (9)
Province
15.1 Yantai 112 (139) 0.3 (1.5) 11.26~3.17 (11.16~4.3) -13.1 38.0 -10.4 35.2 195
15.2 Dezhou 118 (141) -0.5 (0.8) 11.17~3.14 (11.7~3.27) -27.0 43.4 -16.5 38.9 195
15.3 Laiyang 131 (152) -0.6 (0.4) 11.17~3.27 (11.6~4.6) -24.0 38.9 -16.0 35.7 195
15.4 Zibo 116 (140) -0.2 (1.1) 11.19~3.14 (11.8~3.27) -23.0 42.1 -17.0 38.4 195
15.5 Weifang 118 (143) -0.4 (0.9) 11.19~3.16 (11.8~3.3.) -21.4 40.5 -15.4 38.0 195
15.6 Jinan 106 (124) 0.9 (1.8) 11.22~3.7 (11.13~3.16) -19.7 42.5 -13.7 38.6 195
15.7 Qingdao 111 (141) 0.9 (2.2) 11.27~3.17 (11.18~4.7) -15.5 35.4 -10.2 32.6 195
15.8 Heze 110 (137) 0.7 (2.0) 11.21~3.10 (11.9~3.25) -16.5 42.0 -13.1 38.5 195
15.9 Linyi 112 (136) 0.8 (2.0) 11.22~3.13 (11.12~3.27) -16.5 40.0 -12.8 36.8 195
115

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
16 Henan （12）
Province
16.1 Anyang 3607´ 11422´ 75.5 1017.3 995.9 13.6 -7 -10 -14.8 2 32 35.0 29.9 9.8
16.2 Xinxiang 3519´ 11353´ 72.7 1017.6 996.0 14.0 -5 -8 -13.4 -1 32 35.1 30.3 9.2
16.3 Sanmenxia 3448´ 11112´ 410.1 976.9 958.3 13.9 -5 -7 -12.0 -1 31 35.2 30.3 9.4
16.4 Kaifeng 3446´ 11423´ 72.5 1017.9 996.0 14.0 -5 -7 -9.7 -1 32 35.2 30.5 9.0
16.5 Zhengzhou 3443´ 11339´ 110.4 1012.8 991.7 14.2 -5 -7 -11.4 0 32 35.6 30.8 9.2
16.6 Luoyang 3440´ 11225´ 154.5 1008.8 987.6 14.6 -5 -7 -11.6 0 32 35.9 30.9 9.6
16.7 Shangqiu 3427´ 11540´ 50.1 1020.5 999.1 13.9 -6 -9 -14.2 -1 32 35.1 30.6 8.7
16.8 Xuchang 3401´ 11350´ 71.9 1017.9 996.2 14.7 -4 -7 -10.5 1 32 35.6 30.8 9.2
16.9 Pingdingsha 3343´ 11317´ 84.7 1016.3 994.8 14.9 -4 -7 -10.1 1 32 35.5 31.3 8.1
n
16.10 Nanyang 3302´ 11235´ 129.8 1010.7 989.6 14.9 -4 -7 -13.6 1 32 35.2 30.8 8.5
16.11 Zhumadian 3300´ 11401´ 82.7 1016.6 995.1 14.8 -4 -7 -10.6 1 32 35.5 31.2 8.3
16.12 Xinyang 3208´ 11403´ 114.5 1012.5 990.9 15.1 -4 -7 -11.8 2 32 35.1 31.2 7.5
17 Hubei （6）
Province
17.1 Guanghua 3223´ 11140´ 90.0 1015.2 993.5 15.3 -3 -6 -11.5 2 32 35.0 31.1 7.5
17.2 Yichang 3042´ 11105´ 130.4 1010.0 989.1 16.8 0 -2 -6.7 5 33 35.8 31.5 8.3
116
temperatur Winter Summer Whole year in winter (%)
e of hottest Monthly Monthly 14 clock Average of Winter Summer Wind Frequency Wind Frequency Wind Frequency
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
16 Henan (12)
Province
16.1 Anyang 26.9 61 78 47 3.7 2.4 2.3 C 27 C 25 C 25 57
N 14 S 14 S 14
16.2 Xinxiang 27.1 61 78 49 4.9 2.7 2.3 C 24 C 22 C 24 54
NE 16 NE 15 NE 15
16.3 Sanmenxi 26.7 53 71 46 4.4 2.8 2.9 C 21 E 22 E 19 53
a E 14
16.4 Kaifeng 27.1 64 79 50 5.0 3.6 3.0 NNE 14 NNE 11 NNE 13 49
N 11 S 11
16.5 Zhengzho 27..3 60 76 45 4.3 3.4 2.6 C 15 C NE 15 11 C 15 53
u NE 14 S 1 NE 12
16.6 Luoyang 27.5 57 75 45 3.2 2.5 2.1 C 25 C 24 C 25 51
NE 13 NE 14 NE 12
16.7 Shangqiu 27.1 70 81 53 4.2 3.1 2.9 N 13 S 10 N 11 55
16.8 Xuchang 27.6 63 79 50 4.1 2.7 2.2 C 20 C NNE 21 8 C 21 47
NNE 14 N S 8 8 NNE 10
16.9 Pingdings 27.7 60 78 51 4.3 3.3 2.5 C 20 C 20 C 21 44
han NE 11 NE 9 NE 10
16.10 Nanyang 27.4 69 80 54 4.2 2.6 2.4 C 25 C 20 C 29 45
NE 22 NE 17 ME 19
16.11 Zhumadia 27.5 65 81 58 4.0 2.8 2.4 C 16 C 18 C 18 48
n NNW 12 S 12 N 9
16.12 Xinyang 27.7 74 80 62 3.6 2.1 2.1 C 33 C 27 C 29 46
N 14 SSW 11 N 11
17 Hubei (6)
Province
17.1 Guanghua 27.7 73 80 60 2.4 1.3 1.5 C 41 C 37 C 39 39
NE 9 SE 10 NE 8
17.2 Yichang 28.2 73 80 60 2.6 1.6 1.7 C 33 C 28 C 34 31
SE 17 SE 11 SE 15
117
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
16 Henan (12)
Province
16.1 Anyang 109 (130) 0.6 (1.6) 11.20~3.8 (11.8~3.17) -21.7 41.7 -14.3 39.5 195
16.2 Xinxiang 105 (127) 1.3 (2.4) 11.22~3.6 (11.10~3.16) -21.3 42.7 -12.4 39.0 195
16.3 Sanmenxia 101 (128) 1.3 (2.5) 11.22~3.2 (11.9~3.16) -16.5 43.2 -10.7 39.0 195
16.4 Kaifeng 106 (127) 1.4 (2.4) 11.22~3.7 (11.11~3.17) -16.0 42.9 -11.6 39.3 195
16.5 Zhengzhou 102 (125) 1.6 (2.6) 11.24~3.5 (11.12~3.16) -17.9 43.0 -12.5 39.7 195
16.6 Luoyang 95 (119) 1.9 (3.0) 11.27~3.1 (11.17~3.15) -18.2 44.2 -11.3 40.2 195
16.7 Shangqiu 106 (126) 1.4 (2.3) 11.23~3.8 (11.12~3.17) -18.9 43.0 -12.2 38.8 195
16.8 Xuchang 34 (119) 2.2 (3.2) 11.28~3.1 (11.18~3.16) -17.4 41.9 -10.6 39.3 195
16.9 Pingdingsh 87 (117) 2.3 (3.3) 12.4~2.28 (11.19~3.15) -18.8 42.6 -10.7 39.6 195
an
16.10 Nanyang 89 (117) 2.4 (3.4) 12.1~2.27 (11.19~3.15) -21.2 41.4 -10.4 38.6 195
16.11 Zhumadian 86 (115) 2.4 (3.5) 12.5~2.28 (11.21~3.15) -17.4 41.9 -10.7 38.8 195
16.12 Xinyang 80 (116) 2.8 (3.8) 12.10~2.27 (11.20~3.15) -20.0 40.9 -10.9 37.6 195
17 Hubei (6)
Province
17.1 Guanghua 81 (115) 3.1 (4.2) 12.10~2.28 (11.20~3.14) -17.2 41.0 -9.1 38.8 195
17.2 Yichang 43 (92) 4.7 (6.1) 12.26~2.6 (12.1~3.2) -9.8 41.4 -4.3 38.6 195
118

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17.3 Wuhan 3037´ 114085´ 23.3 1023.3 1001.7 16.3 -2 -5 -11.3 3 33 35.2 31.9 6.3
17.4 Jiangling 3020´ 11211´ 32.6 1021.9 1000.0 16.1 -1 -4 -8.2 3 32 34.6 30.9 7.1
17.5 Enshi 3017´ 10928´ 437.2 971.7 955.0 16.3 2 0 -6.9 5 32 34.2 29.9 8.3
17.6 Huangshi 3015´ 11503´ 19.6 1023.0 1002.0 17.0 -1 -4 -8.7 4 33 35.7 32.3 6.5
18 Hunan （9）
Province
18.1 Yueyang 2927´ 11305´ 51.6 1015.7 998.2 17.0 -1 -4 -7.5 4 32 34.1 32.0 4.0
18.2 Changde 2903´ 11141´ 35.0 1021.5 1000.2 16.7 -1 -3 -6.9 4 32 35.3 31.9 6.5
18.3 Changsha 2812´ 11305´ 44.9 1019.9 999.4 17.2 0 -3 -6.9 5 33 35.8 32.0 7.3
18.4 Zhuzhou 2752´ 11310´ 73.6 1015.7 995.5 17.5 0 -2 -5.9 5 34 36.1 31.9 8.1
18.5 Zhijiang 2727´ 10941´ 272.2 992.4 974.3 16.5 0 -3 -6.1 5 32 34.2 29.7 8.7
18.6 Shaoyang 2714´ 11128´ 248.6 994.9 976.7 17..1 0 -3 -6.1 5 32 34.8 30.9 7.5
18.7 Hengyang 2654´ 11236´ 103.2 1012.4 992.8 17.9 0 -2 -5.5 6 34 36.0 32.2 7.3
18.8 Lingling 2614´ 11137´ 174.1 1003.9 985.2 17.8 0 -2 -5.7 6 33 35.0 31.2 7.3
18.9 Chenzhou 2548´ 11302´ 184.9 1002.1 984.2 17.8 0 -2 -5.2 6 34 35.4 31.3 7.9
19 Guangdong （7）
Province
19.1 Shaoguan 2448´ 11335´ 69.3 1013.8 997.1 20.3 4 2 -0.5 10 33 35.4 31.0 8.5
119
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
17.3 Wuhan 28.8 76 79 63 4.2 2.7 2.6 C 19 C 12 NNE 14 39
NNE NNE 9
17.4 Jiangling 28.1 77 83 68 4.4 2.5 2.3 C 23 C 20 C 23 35
N 19 S 17 N 18
17.5 Enshi 27.1 84 80 58 2.0 0.4 0.5 C 76 C N 69 4 C 73 16
N 4 S 4 N 4
17.6 Huangsh 29.2 77 78 61 3.3 2.1 2.2 C 27 C 22 C 25 40
i WNW 11 ESE 17 ESE 13
18 Hunan (9)
Province
省
18.1 Yueyang 29.2 77 75 68 3.1 2.8 3.1 NNE 23 SSE 11 NNE 18 32
18.2 Changde 28.8 79 75 64 3.4 1.9 2.1 C 28 C NNE 17 8 C 24 29
NNE 15 SW 8 NNE 13
18.3 Changsh 29.3 81 75 59 3.7 2.8 2.6 NW 31 C 16 NW 24 27
a S 14
18.4 Zhuzhou 29.6 79 72 55 3.3 2.1 2.3 C 27 C 17 C 22 26
NNW 21 SE 11 NNW 16
18.5 Zhijiang 27.5 79 79 60 3.2 1.8 1.5 C 34 C 39 C 33 19
NE 28 NE 10 NE 20
18.6 Shaoyan 28.5 79 75 57 2.2 1.5 1.6 C 29 C 26 C 27 23
g E 13 SE 9 E 11
18.7 Hengyan 29.8 80 71 54 2.9 1.7 2.3 C 27 C S 16 13 C 22 25
g NE 22 SSE 13 NE 17
18.8 Lingling 29.1 79 72 57 4.2 3.5 3.4 NE 24 S 29 NE 17 24
18.9 Chenzho 29.2 83 70 53 2.1 1.5 1.9 C 36 C 35 C 37 25
u N 24 S 16 N 16
19 Guangdo (7)
ng
Province
19.1 Shaogua 29.1 72 75 57 3.1 1.8 1.5 C 36 C 38 C 36 36
n NW 13 S 22 NW 13
120
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
17.3 Wuhan 67 （105） 3.7 （5.0） 12.16~2.2. (11.26~3.10) -18.1 39.4 -9.1 37.4 195
17.4 Jiangling 63 （108） 4.0 （5.4） 12.14~2.14 (11.24~3.11) -14.9 38.6 -6.8 36.7 195
17.5 Enshi - （93） 4.9 （6.3） - （11.30~3.2） -12.3 41.2 -3.5 37.7 195
17.6 Huangshi 46 （97） 4.1 （5.7） 12.25~2.8 （11.28~3.4） -11.0 40.3 -6.4 38.3 195
18 Hunan （9）
Province
18.1 Yueyang 48 （90） 4.5 （5.8） 12.24~2.9 （12.4~3.3） -11.8 39.3 -6.0 36.6 195
18.2 Changde 46 （90） 4.5 （5.7） 12.25~2.8 （12.4~3.3） -13.2 40.1 -5.4 38.0 195
18.3 Changsha 45 （84） 4.6 （5.8） 12.26~2.8 （12.9~3.2） -11.3 40.6 -5.4 38.2 195
18.4 Zhuzhou 31 （80） 5.0 （6.1） 12.31~1.30 (12.11~2.28) -8.0 40.5 -4.8 38.7 195
18.5 Zhijiang 45 （89） 4.7 （5.9） 12.26~2.8 （12.4~3.2） -11.5 39.9 -5.0 37.0 195
18.6 Shaoyang 33 （80） 5.0 （6.0） 12.27~1.28 （12.123.1~） -10.5 39.5 -4.5 37.4 195
18.7 Hengyang - （74） 5.0 （6.4） - (12.13~2.24) -7.9 40.8 -3.8 38.8 195
18.8 Lingling - （77） 5.0 （6.5） - (12.13~2.27) -7.0 43.7 -3.6 38.4 195
18.9 Chenzhou - （74） 4.9 （6.6） - (12.12~2.23) -9.0 41.3 -4.7 38.3 195
19 Guangdong （7）
Province
19.1 Shaoguan 0 （0）- （-） - （-） -4.3 42.0 -1.2 38.3 195
121

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
19.2 Shantou 2324´ 11641´ 1.2 1019.8 1005.5 21.3 9 6 5.1 13 31 32.8 29.8 5.8
19.3 Guangzhou 2308´ 11319´ 6.6 1019.5 1004.5 21.8 7 5 2.9 13 31 33.5 30.1 6.5
19.4 Yangjiang 2152´ 11158´ 23.3 1016.8 1002.6 22.3 9 6 4.5 15 31 32.7 29.6 6.0
19.5 Zhanjiang 2113´ 11024´ 25.3 1015.3 1001.1 23.1 10 7 4.2 16 31 33.7 30.5 6.2
19.6 Haikou 2002´ 11021´ 14.1 1016.0 1002.4 23.8 12 10 6.9 17 32 34.5 29.9 8.8
19.7 Xisha 1650´ 11220´ 4.7 1014.8 1005.0 26.5 21 19 20.1 23 30 32.0 30.0 3.8
20 Guangxi （6）
Zhuang
autonomous
Region
20.1 Guilin 2520´ 11018´ 161.8 1002.9 986.1 18.8 3 0 -2.9 8 32 33.9 30.5 6.5
20.2 Liuzhou 2421´ 10924´ 96.9 1009.9 993.3 20.4 5 2 -0.2 10 32 34.5 31.1 6.5
20.3 Bose 2354´ 10636´ 173.1 998.2 983.0 22.1 * 7 4.7 13 32 35.4 31.2 8.1
20.4 Wuzhou 2329´ 11118´ 119.2 1006.7 991.4 21.1 5 3 0.4 12 32 34.7 30.4 8.3
20.5 Nanning 2249´ 10821´ 72.2 1011.4 996.0 21.6 7 5 2.4 13 32 34.2 30.3 7.5
20.6 Beihai 2129´ 10906´ 14.6 1071.1 1002.4 22.6 8 6 2.6 14 31 32.4 30.1 4.4
21 Sichuan （8）
Province
21.1 Guangyuan 3226´ 10551´ 487.0 965.3 949.2 16.1 2 0 -2.8 5 30 33.3 28.7 8.8
21.2 Garze 3127´ 10000´ 3393.5 671.3 674.9 5.6 -10 -13 -21.3 -5 19 22.9 17.1 11.2
122
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
19.2 Shantou 28.2 79 84 73 4.2 2.9 2.5 NNE 22 C SW 22 9 ENE 20 44
ESE SSW 9 9
19.3 Guangzho 28.4 70 83 67 3.5 2.4 1.8 C 29 C 28 C 29 40
u N 27 SE 14 N 28
19.4 Yangjiang 28.1 74 85 73 4.1 3.0 2.6 NE 26 C 18 NE 27 42
SSE 14
19.5 Zhanjiang 28.9 79 81 70 3.4 3.5 2.9 E 20 SE 14 N 20 35
19.6 Haikou 28.4 85 83 67 3.6 3.4 2.8 NE 29 SSE 18 NE 31 39
19.7 Xisha 28.9 78 82 78 6.0 5.7 5.6 NE 42 SSE 26 NE 21 61
20 Guangxi (6)
Zhuang
autonomo
us Region
20.1 Guilin 28.3 71 78 61 4.4 3.2 1.5 NNE 52 C 37 NNE 54 27
NNE 14
20.2 Liuzhou 28.8 75 78 63 2.9 1.7 1.4 C 37 C 42 C 38 27
SE 18 S 13 NNW 18
20.3 Bose 28.6 74 79 63 2.4 1.1 1.1 C 46 C 43 C 48 32
NE 10 SE 9 SE 10
20.4 Wuzhou 28.3 73 80 62 2.1 1.7 1.5 C 21 C 26 C 21 35
ENE 19 E 16 NE 18
20.5 Nanning 28.3 75 82 66 2.4 1.8 1.6 N 26 C 20 C 26 30
16 E 14 ENE 17
20.6 Beihai 28.7 77 83 74 4.8 3.6 2.8 N 37 C 15 N 39 37
SSW 13
21 Sichuan (8)
Province
21.1 Guangyua 26.1 60 76 60 3.2 1.7 1.4 C N 35 12 C 33 C N 32 10 27
n NNW 12 NNW 8 NNW 10
21.2 Garze 14.0 43 71 50 5.7 1.6 1.7 C 51 C W 45 7 C 45 68
W 7 E 7 W 8
123
Extreme Extreme
Days with average daily temperature Average temperature during the Starting and ending date of the period temperature temperature
+5oC(+8oC) period with when average daily temperature ( oC) (oC) Extreme lowest Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
19.2 Shantou 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 0.4 37.9 2.9 35.4 195
19.3 Guangzhou 0 (0) - (-0 - (-) 0.0 38.7 1.9 36.3 195
19.4 Yangjiang 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -1.4 37.0 3.2 35.6 195
19.5 Zhanjiang 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 2.8 38.1 5.2 36.2 195
19.6 Haikou 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 2.8 38.9 7.2 36.4 195
19.7 Xisha 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 15.3 34.9 17.5 33.3 195
20 Guangxi (6)
Zhuang
autonomous
Region
20.1 Guilin 0 (41) - (7.9) - (12.29~2.6) -4.9 39.4 -1.8 37.0 195
20.2 Liuzhou 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -3.8 39.2 0.1 37.6 195
20.3 Bose 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -2.0 42.5 2.4 39.1 195
20.4 Wuzhou 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -3.0 39.5 0.6 37.6 195
20.5 Nanning 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -2.1 40.4 2.0 37.3 195
20.6 Beihai 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 2.0 37.1 4.3 34.9 195
21 Sichuan (8)
Province
21.1 Guangyuan 29 (88) 4.9 (6.2) 12.30~1.27 (11.28~2.27) -8.2 38.9 -5.0 36.5 195
21.2 Garze 169 (201) -0.7 (0.5) 10.21~4.7 (10.9~4.27) -28.7 31.7 -21.2 27.5 195
124

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
21.3 Nanchong 30º48´ 106º05´ 297.7 987.2 969.4 17.6 3 1 -0.3 6 32 35.5 31.8 7.1
21.4 Wan-Xian 30º46´ 108º24´ 186.7 1000.9 982.1 18.1 4 2 0.6 7 33 36.4 31.7 9.0
21.5 Chengdu 30º40´ 104º01´ 505.9 963.2 947.7 16.2 2 1 -1.1 6 29 31.6 28.0 6.9
21.6 Chongqin 29º35´ 106º28´ 259.1 991.2 973.02 18.3 4 2 0.9 7 33 36.5 32.5 7.7
g
21.7 Yibin 28º48´ 104º36´ 340.8 982.0 964.9 18.0 4 2 0.3 8 30 33.2 30.1 6.0
21.8 Xichang 27º54´ 102º16´ 1590.7 838.2 834.8 17.0 4 2 -1.4 9 26 30.2 26.3 7.5
22 Guizhou (8)
Province
22.1 Sinan 27º57´ 108º15´ 416.3 973.2 956.6 17.2 2 0 -3.5 6 32 34.9 30.7 8.1
22.2 Zunyi 27º42´ 106º53´ 843.9 923.5 911.5 15.2 -1 -3 -5.3 4 29 31.7 27.6 7.9
22.3 Bijie 27º18´ 105º14´ 1510.6 850.6 844.1 12.8 -2 -4 -7.1 2 26 29.0 24.4 8.8
22.4 Weining 26º52´ 104º17´ 2237.5 777.4 775.8 10.5 -5 -7 -11.1 2 21 24.5 19.9 8.8
22.5 Guiyang 26º35´ 106º43´ 1071.2 897.5 887.9 15.3 -1 -3 -5.9 5 28 30.0 26.3 7.1
22.6 Anshun 26º15´ 105º55´ 1392.9 862.5 855.6 14.0 -2 -4 -5.5 4 25 27.3 24.2 6.0
22.7 Duoshan 25º50´ 107º33´ 972.2 905.2 895.4 15.0 -2 -4 -6.2 5 26 28.9 25.2 7.1
22.8 Xingren 25º26´ 105º11´ 1378.5 864.0 857.2 15.2 0 -2 -4.8 6 25 28.6 24.8 7.3
23 Yunnan (7)
Province
125
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
21.3 Nanchong 27.9 81 74 58 1.8 0.8 1.1 C 57 C 48 C 50 17
N 8 S 9 N 8
21.4 Wan-Xian 28.6 83 80 57 2.3 0.6 0.6 C N 71 6 C N 67 5 C N 68 6 17
NNW 6 NNW 5 NNW 6
21.5 Chengdu 25.6 80 85 70 1.8 0.9 1.1 C 46 C N 42 8 C 42 21
NNE 12 NNE 8 NNE 11
21.6 Chongqin 28.6 82 75 56 2.2 1.2 1.4 C 44 C 39 C 41 13
g N 11 N 7 N 10
21.7 Yibin 26.9 82 82 66 1.8 0.8 1.3 C 59 C NW 44 7 C NW 49 6 14
NE 7 NNW 7 NNW 6
21.8 Xichang 22.6 51 75 61 3.3 1.7 1.2 C 34 C 42 C 37 70
S 9 M 8 N 8
22 Guizhou (8) C
Province S
22.1 Sinan 27.9 76 74 59 1.9 1.0 1.3 C N 44 11 C S 44 C 46 13
NNE 11 SE 12 NNE 8
22.2 Zunyi 25.3 82 77 62 2.4 1.0 1.1 C 46 C 50 6 C 49 10
E 10 SE 6 E 8
22.3 Bijie 21.8 85 78 62 1.8 0.9 1.1 C NE 53 6 C 54 C 52 20
SE ESE 6 6 SE 9 SE 7
22.4 Weining 17.7 78 83 69 2.9 3.4 2.8 SE 21 SE 19 SE 19 45
22.5 Guiyang 24.0 78 77 64 2.6 2.2 2.0 NE 22 C 30 C 24 19
S 17 NE 15
22.6 Anshun 21.9 82 82 70 3.1 2.4 2.2 NE 25 C 24 C 19 19
NE 19 NE 17
22.7 Duoshan 23.4 80 84 73 3.4 2.5 2.2 C 20 C 25 C 23 21
N 16 SE 22 SE 17
22.8 Xingren 22.1 81 82 66 2.5 2.1 1.7 C E 25 14 C 36 C 30 29
ENE 14 E 9 E 12
23 Yunnan (7)
Province
126
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
21.3 Nanchong 0 (57) - (7.0) - (12.15~2.9) -2.8 41.3 -0.9 38.2 195
21.4 Wan-Xian 0 (47) - (7.0) - (12.25~2.9) -3.7 42.1 -1.6 39.5 195
21.5 Chengdu - (80) - (6.5) - (12.8~2.25) -5.9 37.3 -3.1 34.7 195
21.6 Chongqing 0 (32) - (7.5) - (12.27~1.27) -1.8 42.2 0.2 39.1 195
21.7 Yibin 0 (27) - (7.7) - (12.27~1.22) -3.0 39.5 0.6 37.1 195
21.8 Xichang 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -3.8 36.5 -2.0 33.8 195
22 Guizhou (8)
Province
22.1 Sinan - (69) 4.9 (6.6) - (12.16~2.22) -5.5 40.7 -2.1 38.1 195
22.2 Zunyi 47 (95) 4.4 (5.7) 12.25~2.9 (11.29~3.3) -7.1 38.7 -4.3 35.3 195
22.3 Bijie 81 (117) 3.5 (4.6) 12.7~2.25 (11.15~3.11) -10.9 33.8 -5.7 32.4 195
22.4 Weining 98 (128) 3.2 (4.1) 11.24~3.1 (11.9~3.16) -15.3 32.3 -9.6 28.3 195
22.5 Guiyang 42 (89) 4.9 (6.2) 12.26~2.5 (12.2~2.28) -7.8 37.5 -4.6 33.2 195
22.6 Anshun 48 (97) 4.3 (5.6) 12.25~2.10 (11.25~3.1) -7.6 34.3 -5.1 30.9 195
22.7 Duoshan 37 (93) 4.9 (6.2) 1.1~2.6 (11.29~3.1) -8.0 34.4 -5.1 32.1 195
22.8 Xingren - (67) 4.9 (6.8) - (12.14~2.18) -7.8 34.6 -3.7 31.9 195
23 Yunnan (7)
Province
127

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
25.2 Yan’an 36º36 109º30 957.6 913.3 900.2 9.4 -12 -15 -18.0 -6 28 32.1 25.8 12.1
25.3 Baoji 34º21 107º08 612.4 953.1 936.1 12.9 -5 -8 -11.0 -1 30 33.7 28.7 9.6
25.4 Xi’an 34º18 108º56 396.9 978.7 959.2 13.3 -5 -8 -12.3 -1 31 35.2 30.7 8.7
25.5 Hanzhong 33º04 107º02 508.4 964.1 947.4 14.3 -1 -3 -4.8 2 29 32.4 28.6 7.3
25.6 Ankang 32º43 109º02 290.8 990.4 971.5 15.7 0 -2 -4.7 3 31 35.6 31.4 8.1
26 Gansu (7)
Province
26.1 Dunhuang 40º09 94º41 1138.7 893.3 879.6 9.3 -14 -17 22.7 -9 30 34.1 27.9 11.9
26.2 Jiuquan 39º46 98º29 1477.2 856.0 847.0 7.3 -16 -19 -23.3 -10 26 30.0 25.0 9.6
26.3 Shandan 38º48 101º05 1764.6 825.2 819.1 5.8 -17 -21 -28.0 -11 25 30.3 24.0 12.1
26.4 Lanzhou 36º03 103º53 1517.2 851.4 843.1 9.1 -11 -13 -15.8 -7 26 30.5 25.8 9.0
26.5 Pingliang 35º33 106º40 1346.6 869.5 860.3 8.6 -10 -13 -17.2 -5 25 29.2 23.8 10.4
26.6 Tianshui 34º35 105º45 1131.7 892.0 880.7 10.7 -7 -10 -13.7 -3 27 30.3 25.6 9.0
26.7 Wudu 33º24 104º55 1079.1 896.9 885.8 14.5 0 -2 -5.2 3 28 32.0 28.4 6.9
27 Qinghai (6)
Province
27.1 Xining 36º37 101º46 2261.2 775.1 773.5 5.7 -13 -15 -20.3 -9 22 25.9 20.7 10.0
27.2 Golmud 36º25 94º54 2807.7 723.5 724.0 4.2 -15 -18 -23.0 -11 22 26.6 20.7 11.3
128
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
25.2 Yan’an 22.9 54 72 52 2.6 2.1 1.6 C 22 C 31 C 26 63
SW 22 SW 18 SW 20
25.3 Baoji 25.5 63 70 54 3.0 1.0 1.4 C 60 C 45 C 54 45
E 14 E 12 E 14
25.4 Xi’an 26.6 67 72 55 2.7 1.8 2.2 C 33 C 24 C 29 43
NE 13 NE 16 NE 14
25.5 Hanzhong 25.6 77 81 65 3.2 0.9 1.1 C 58 C 47 C 53 34
ENE 9 E 8 ENE 8
25.6 Ankang 27.5 68 75 59 3.4 1.4 1.4 C 54 C 44 C 19 35
ENE 11 E 8 ENE 9
26 Gansu (7)
Province
26.1 Dunhuang 24.7 50 43 29 4.0 2.1 2.2 C 29 C 27 C 28 72
WSW 14 ENE 11 ENE 10
26.2 Jiuquan 21.8 55 52 37 2.6 2.1 2.3 C 17 C 19 C 16 71
SW 13 E 9 SW 11
26.3 Shandan 20.3 55 52 36 3.6 2.3 2.7 C 25 C 19 C 21 74
ESE 23 ESE 15 ESE 18
26.4 Lanzhou 22.2 58 61 44 2.2 0.5 1.3 C 69 C 45 C 55 61
NE 4 E 9 NE 7
26.5 Pingliang 21.0 53 72 54 2.2 2.1 1.9 C 24 C 26 C W 25 1 62
W 16 ESE 12 ESE 2
12
26.6 Tianshui 22.6 62 72 50 2.7 1.3 1.2 C 42 C 40 C 40 49
E 18 E 16 E 17
26.7 Wudu 24.8 56 67 51 2.3 1.1 1.9 C 45 C 35 C 40 48
SE 8 SE 15 SE 12
27 Qinghai (6)
Province
27.1 Xining 17.2 48 65 47 4.3 1.7 1.9 C 44 C 29 C 35 70
SE 22 SE 22 SE 25
27.2 Golmud 17.6 41 36 26 2.7 2.6 3.5 SW 20 SW 13 SW 17 71
129
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
25.2 Yan’an 133 (163) -2.2 (-0.7) 11.4~3.16 (10.21~4.1) 25.4 39.7 -20.3 36.0 195
25.3 Baoji 104 (130) 1.4 (2.4) 11.20~3.3 (11.7~3.16) -16.7 41.6 -10.6 37.8 195
25.4 Xi’an 101 (127) 1.0 (2.1) 11.21~3.1 (11.9~3.15) -20.6 14.7 -11.8 39.4 195
25.5 Hanzhong 83 (112) 3.2 (4.2) 11.29~2.19 (11.18~3.9) -10.1 38.0 -6.7 35.9 195
25.6 Ankang 59 (103) 3.7 (5.1) 12.14~2.10 (11.21~3.3) -9.5 41.7 -5.9 39.1 195
26 Gansu (7)
Province
26.1 Dunhuang 140 (163) -3.8 (-2.6) 10.27~3.15 (0.19~3.30) -28.5 43.6 -22.9 38.6 195
26.2 Jiuquan 154 (180) -4.3 (-2.8) 10.25~3.27 (10.15~4.12) -31.6 38.4 -24.7 34.6 195
26.3 Shandan 172 (190) -4.8 (-3.6) 10.19~4.8 (10.9~4.16) -33.3 37.8 -26.7 34.7 195
26.4 Lanzhou 135 (160) -2.5 (-1.1) 11.1~3.15 (10.21~3.29) -21.7 39.1 -18.0 35.2 195
26.5 Pingliang 141 (163) -1.5 (-0.5) 11.4~3.24 (10.21~4.1) -24.3 35.1 -17.8 33.1 195
26.6 Tianshui 117 (146) 0.0 (1.3) 11.14~3.10 (11.1~3.26) -19.2 37.2 -13.4 34.1 195
26.7 Wudu 60 (103) 3.3 (4.5) 12.11~2.8 (11.20~3.2) -8.1 37.6 -5.7 35.5 195
27 Qinghai (6)
Province
27.1 Xining 165 (191) -3.2 (-1.8) 10.20~4.2 (10.8~4.16) -26.6 33.5 -20.5 30.6 195
27.2 Golmud 189 (209) -4.5 (-3.4) 10.9~4.15 (9.29~4.25) -33.6 33.1 -25.7 31.4 195
130

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
23.1 Zhaotong 27º20´ 103º45´ 1949.5 804.9 801.8 11.6 -4 -6 -8.4 2 24 27.1 22.3 9.2
23.2 Lijiang 26º52´ 100º13´ 2393.2 762.6 761.1 12.6 3 1 -0.8 6 22 25.1 20.8 8.3
23.3 Tengchong 25º07´ 98º29´ 1647.8 836.7 831.3 14.8 6 4 3.3 8 23 25.4 21.7 7.1
23.4 Kunming 25º01´ 102º41´ 1891.4 811.5 808.0 14.7 3 1 -3.5 8 23 25.8 22.2 6.9
23.5 Menzi 23º23´ 103º23´ 1300.7 871.2 864.4 18.6 6 4 1.1 12 26 30.0 25.0 9.6
23.6 Simao 22º40´ 101º24´ 1302.1 871.4 865.0 17.7 9 7 5.5 11 25 28.6 23.6 9.6
23.7 Jinghong 21º52´ 104º04´ 552.7 951.5 942.9 21.8 13 10 8.7 16 31 34.3 28.2 11.7
24. Tibet （6）
Autonomous
Region
24.1 Sog-xian 31º54´ 93º47´ 3950.0 617.1 620.4 1.5 -16 -21 -28.4 -10 16 18.7 13.7 9.6
24.2 Nagqu 31º29´ 92º04´ 4507.0 584.0 580.0 -1.9 -20 -25 -33.2 -14 13 16.0 10.8 10.0
24.3 Qamdo 31º09´ 97º10´ 3306.0 679.4 681.4 7.5 -6 -8 -10.7 -3 22 26.3 19.2 13.7
24.4 Lhasa 29º40´ 91º08´ 3658.0 650.0 652.3 7.5 -6 -8 -10.3 -2 19 22.8 18.1 9.0
24.5 Nyangchi 29º34´ 94º28´ 3000.0 705.9 705.4 8.5 -2 -4 -5.8 0 20 22.7 17.6 9.8
24.6 Xigaze 29º15´ 88º55´ 3836.0 651.0 638.3 6.3 -8 -11 -16.9 -4 19 22.2 16.9 10.2
25 Shaanxi (6)
Province
25.1 Yulin 38º14´ 109º42´ 1057.5 902.0 889.6 8.1 -16 -19 -25.7 -10 28 31.6 26.8 9.2
131
Item Place Average Calculated outdoor relative humidity Outdoor wind velocity (m/s) Most frequent wind direction and its frequency Sunshine rate
temperature (%) Winter Summer Whole year in winter (%)
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
23.1 Zhaotong 19.8 72 78 61 4.2 2.9 1.9 C 29 C 39 C 32 44
N 25 N 12 N 19
23.2 Lijiang 18.0 45 81 63 5.6 3.9 2.2 W 26 C 21 W 18 77
SE 12
23.3 Tengchong 19.8 71 90 76 2.9 1.6 1.6 C 32 C 32 C 34 72
SW 14 SW 27 SW 17
23.4 Kunming 19.8 68 83 64 4.3 2.5 1.8 C 32 C 30 C 30 72
SW 23 SW 15 SW 18
23.5 Menzi 22.7 69 79 62 6.3 4.0 2.5 S 25 SE 20 S 21 64
SSE 20
23.6 Simao 21.7 80 86 69 3.1 1.0 0.9 C 60 C 54 C 57 65
SW 6 S 10 S 7
23.7 Jinghong 25.6 85 76 59 1.6 0.4 0.7 C 74 C 62 C 71 54
SE 3 SE 8 SE 4
24. Tibet (6)
Autonomous
Region
24.1 Sog-xian 11.2 39 69 51 5.1 1.8 1.6 C 48C N 42 6 C 43 59
W 11
E SE 6 6 W 7
24.2 Nagqu 8.8 35 71 54 8.7 3.3 2.4 C 31 C 29 C 29 73
W 12 NE 7 W 8
24.3 Qamdo 16.1 37 64 49 2.5 1.0 1.4 C NW 54 6 C 37 C 43 58
NNW 6 NNW 9 NW 8
24.4 Lhasa 15.1 28 54 44 2.4 2.2 1.8 C 25 C 29 C 25 77
E 15 ESE 14 ESE 14
24.5 Nyangchi 15.1 49 76 57 2.3 1.8 1.4 C 25 C 39 C 31 56
24.6 Xigaze 14.1 27 53 42 4.8 1.9 1.5 C 49 C 47 C 46 82
WSW 12 SE 10 WSW 8
25 Shaanxi (6)
Province
25.1 Yulin 23.4 58 62 44 3.0 1.8 2.5 C 38 C 26 C 32 70
NNW 14 SSE 14 SSE 11
132
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
23.1 Zhaotong 87 (121) 3.2 (4.3) 11.25~2.19 (11.10~3.10) -13.3 33.5 -8.2 31.0 195
23.2 Lijiang 9 (97) 5.0 (5.6) - (11.22~2.26) -7.5 32.3 -6.0 28.7 195
23.3 Tengchong 0 (50) - (7.7) - (12.17~2.4) -4.2 30.5 -2.8 29.2 195
23.4 Kunming 0 (44) - (7.7) - (12.11~1.23) -5.4 31.5 -2.9 29.5 195
23.5 Menzi 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -4.4 36.0 0.0 32.8 195
23.6 Simao 0 (0) - (-) - (-) -3.4 35.7 0.4 32.9 195
23.7 Jinghong 0 (0) - (-) - (-) 2.7 41.0 5.8 38.0 195
24. Tibet (6)
Autonomous
Region
24.1 Sog-xian 211 (267) -3.8 (1.7) 10.4~5.2 (9.10~6.3) -36.8 25.6 -26.6 22.8 195
24.2 Nagqu 256 (308) -5.9 (-3.8) 9.16~5.29 (8.14~6.17) -41.2 22.6 -32.2 19.8 195
24.3 Qamdo 146 (182) 0.3 (1.6) 10.31~3.25 (10.16~4.15) -19.3 33.4 -16.9 30.0 195
24.4 Lhasa 149 (182) 0.7 (1.8) 10.29~3.26 (10.16~4.15) -16.5 29.4 -14.8 26.0 195
24.5 Nyangchi 136 (170) 2.4 (3.3) 11.8~3.23 (10.26~4.13) -15.3 30.2 -11.2 27.3 195
24.6 Xigaze 160 (196) -0.4 (0.9) 10.21~3.29 (10.11~4.24) -25.1 28.2 -19.0 26.0 195
25 Shaanxi (6)
Province
25.1 Yulin 145 (169) -4.5 (-3.1) 11.2~3.26 (10.21~4.7) -82.7 38.6 -25.0 35.5 195
133

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
27.3 Dulan 36º18 98º06 3191.1 688.7 691.4 2.7 -15 -18 -20.3 -11 19 24.3 18.9 10.4
27.4 Gonghe 36º16 100º37 2835.0 719.9 721.9 3.3 -15 -17 -19.6 -11 20 23.7 18.5 10.0
27.5 Modoi 34º55 98º13 4272.3 603.3 610.8 -4.1 -23 -29 -37.8 -17 11 15.2 10.5 9.0
27.6 Yushu 33º01 97º01 3681.2 647.0 651.0 2.9 -13 -15 18.7 -8 17 21.5 14.0 12.7
28 Ningxia Hui (6)
Autonomous
Region
28.1 Shizuishan 39º12 106º45 1091.0 897.8 885.3 8.2 -15 -18 -21.5 -9 27 31.5 25.6 11.3
28.2 Yinchuan 38º29 106º13 1111.5 895.7 883.5 8.5 -15 -18 -23.4 -9 27 30.6 25.9 9.0
28.3 Wuzhong 37º59 106º11 1127.4 893.6 881.9 8.8 -13 -16 -18.3 -8 [27] [30.3] 26.0 8.3
28.4 Yanchi 37º47 107º24 1347.8 869.1 859.9 7.7 -16 -19 -23.6 -9 27 31.1 25.7 10.4
28.5 Zhongwei 37º32 105º11 1225.7 883.0 871.4 8.4 -13 -16 -22.9 -8 27 31.1 25.6 10.6
28.6 Gunyuan 30º00 106º16 1753.2 826.5 821.1 6.2 -14 -17 -22.0 -8 23 27.2 22.2 9.6
29 Xinjiang (8)
Uygur
Autonomous
Region
29.1 Altay 47º44 88º05 735.3 941.9 925.2 4.0 -27 -38 -39.1 -17 26 30.6 26.8 7.3
29.2 Karamay 45º36 84º51 427.0 980.6 958.9 8.0 -24 -28 -+32.8 -17 30 34.9 32.0 5.6
29.3 Yining 43º57 81º20 662.5 947.1 983.5 8.4 -20 -25 -34.0 -10 27 32.2 25.9 12.1
29.4 Urumqi 43º47 87º57 917.9 919.9 906.7 5.7 -22 -27 -33.3 -15 29 34.1 29.0 9.8
134
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
27.3 Dulan 14.9 42 46 36 3.6 3.1 2.9 SE 29 SE 17 SE 21 75
27.4 Gonghe 15.2 40 62 47 1.7 1.7 2.1 C 33 C 25 C 28 78
N 14 N 9 N 11
27.5 Modoi 7.5 56 68 52 6.7 3.0 3.6 C 34 C 19 C 25 68
W 11 NE 14 NE 10
27.6 Yushu 12.5 43 69 52 4.0 1.2 0.9 C 60 C 62 C 60 59
W 10 ENE 7 W 7
28 Ningxia Hui (6)
Autonomous
Region
28.1 Shizuishan 23.5 50 58 42 5.1 2.6 2.8 C 31 C SW 21 9 C 25 75
N 11 SE 9 N 9
28.2 Yinchuan 23.4 58 64 47 2.2 1.7 1.7 C 33 C 31 C N 32 8 75
N 11 S 11 S 8
28.3 Wuzhong 22.9 51 65 - 5.2 3.2 2.3 C 15 C N 17 12 C 17 72
W 15 SE 12 N 11
28.4 Yanchi 22.3 50 57 38 5.3 2.7 2.7 C 28 C 21 C 24 71
W 19 S 9 W 12
28.5 Zhongwei 22.5 53 66 48 3.5 2.1 2.3 C W 37 13 C 29 C 33 70
NW 13 E 25 E 18
28.6 Gunyuan 18.9 52 71 48 4.1 2.8 2.7 C 17 C 18 C 18 65
NW 11 SE 14 ESE 10
29 Xinjiang (8)
Uygur
Autonomous
Region
29.1 Altay 22.1 71 47 38 3.0 1.4 3.1 C 48 C 18 C 28 59
NE 11 W 16 NNE 11
29.2 Karamay 27.4 77 32 29 3.8 1.5 5.1 NW 9 NW 32 NW 22 50
29.3 Yining 22.6 78 58 44 2.4 1.8 2.5 C 30 E 19 C 22 54
E 16 E 17
29.4 Urumqi 23.5 80 44 31 2.5 1.7 3.1 C 31 NW 15 C 17 50
S 11 NW 11
135
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
27.3 195 (234) 4.6 (2.8) 10.94.21 (9.245.15) 29.8 31.9 22.2 28.4 195
27.4 186 (216) 4.7 (2.9) 10.104.13 (9.274.30) 28.9 31.3 24.8 28.7 195
27.5 286 (343) 6.9 (4.7) 9.26.14 (8.67.14) 48.1 22.9 34.2 19.5 195
27.6 194 (247) 3.2 (1.0) 10.104.21 (9.265.30) 26.1 28.7 23.4 25.6 195
28 (6)
28.1 152 (174) 3.9 (2.7) 10.273.27 (10.194.10) 28.4 37.9 23.4 35.3 195
28.2 149 (170) 3.4 (2.1) 10.303.27 (10.194.6) 30.6 39.3 22.5 35.1 195
28.3 146 (170) 2.2 (1.3) 11.13.26 (10.204.7) 24.0 36.9 21.0 35.1 195
28.4 154 (177) 3.9 (2.4) 10.263.28 (10.164.10) 29.6 38.1 25.5 35.1 195
28.5 148 (170) 2.8 (1.6) 10.303.26 (10.204.7) 29.2 37.6 22.3 34.8 195
28.6 162 (189) 3.3 (2.0) 10.213.31 (10.94.15) 28.1 34.6 23.1 31.1 195
29 (8)
29.1 176 (195) 9.5 (7.5) 10.174.10 (10.64.18) 43.5 37.6 37.3 34.6 195
29.2 149 (164) 8.8 (6.5) 10.283.25 (10.183.30) 35.9 42.9 30.0 40.4 195
29.3 143 (157) 4.4 (3.2) 10.313.22 (10.233.28) 40.4 37.9 30.4 36.5 195
29.4 157 (177) 8.5 (7.3) 10.243.29 (10.164.10) 41.5 40.5 29.7 38.4 195
136

Winter Summer
(℃) daily mean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
29.5 4256 8912 34.5 1028.4 997.7 13.9 15 21 23.7 10 36 40.7 35.6 10.0
29.6 4249 9331 737.9 939.7 921.1 9.8 19 23 26.4 12 32 35.8 31.0 9.2
29.7 3928 7559 1288.7 876.9 865.9 11.7 12 16 18.2 6 29 33.7 29.1 8.8
29.8 3708 7956 1374.6 867.1 856.5 12.2 10 14 18.1 6 29 34.3 28.7 10.8
30 (3)
30.1 2502 12131 9.0 1019.7 1005.3 22.1 [11] [9] 7.0 15 [31] [33.6] [30.5] 6.9
30.2 2401 12137 14.0 1017.8 1004.6 22.9 13 11 9.8 17 [30] [32.0] 29.5 4.8
30.3 2200 12045 24.0 1014.4 1003.7 24.9 16 14 12.5 20 [31] [34.0] 29.4 8.8
31 (1)
31.1 2218 11410 32.0 1019.5 1005.6 22.8 10 8 6.0 16 31 32.4 30.0 4.6
137
month month wind
direction
1 2 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
29.5 Turpan 32.7 59 31 24 2.2 1.0 2.3 C 46 C 23 C 32 63
N 10 E 10 E 9
29.6 Hami 27.2 63 34 25 2.4 2.3 3.1 NE 18 NE 15 NE 15 74
29.7 Kashi 25.8 67 40 28 2.2 1.2 2.5 C 41 C W 16 9 C 26 55
NW 12 NW 9 NW 11
29.8 Hotan 25.5 53 40 30 2.2 1.6 2.3 C 28 C W 18 10 C 21 57
SW 10 SW 10 SW 11
30 Taiwan (3)
Province
30.1 Taibei 28.6 82 77 - - 3.7 2.8 E 29 C 15 E 24 -
E 13
30.2 Hualian 28.5 82 80 - - 2.9 2.0 C 25 C 32 C 28 -
NE 20 SW 11 NE 15
30.3 Hengchun 28.3 74 84 - - 5.1 3.2 NE 37 C 14 NE 27 -
E 11
31 Hongkong (1)
31.1 Hongkong 28.6 71 81 73 3.7 6.5 5.3 E 42 E 25 E 39 44
138
Extreme Extreme
+5oC(+8oC) (M· D)
1 2 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39
Turpan
29．5 121 （139） 4.2 (2.6) 11.63.6 (10.283.15) 28.0 47.6 20.1 45.5 195
Hami
29．6 138 （161） 5.6 (3.9) 10.293.15 (10.193.28) 32.0 43.9 24.7 40.8 195
Kashi
29．7 122 （140） 2.4 (1.1) 11.93.10 (10.283.16) 24.4 40.1 18.6 37.4 195
Hotan
29．8 114 （136） 1.8 (0.4) 11.103.3 (10.293.13) 21.6 40.6 16.3 38.5 195
Taiwan
30 （3）
Province
Taibei
30．1 0 （0）  ()  () 2.0 38.0 4.8 36.9 196
Hualian
30．2 0 （0）  ()  () 5.0 35.0 8.1 34.3 196
Hengchun
30．3 0 （0）  ()  () 8.0 39.0 10.8 35.3 196
Hongkong
31 （1）
Hongkong
31．1 0 （0）  ()  () 0.0 36.1 5.6 34.4 195
Appendix III Simplified Statistic Method for Calculated Outdoor
Temperature
(I) The calculated temperature outside a heated room may be determined with the following formula (in
integers):
twn = 0.57tlp + 0.43tp  min (appendix 31)
Where twn  Calculated temperature outside the heated room (oC);
tlp  Average temperature in the coldest month over the years (oC);
tp  min Minimum average daily temperature over the years (oC).
(II) The calculated temperature outside an air-conditioned room in winter may be determined with the
following formula (in integers):
twk = 0.30tlp + 0.70tp  min (appendix 32)
Where: twk Calculated temperature outside the air-conditioned room in winter (oC);
tlp , tp  min Same as those in formula (appendix 31)
(III) The calculated temperature outside a ventilated room in summer may be determined with the
following formula (in integers):
twf = 0.71trp + 0.29t max (appendix 33)
Where: twf Calculated temperature outside the ventilated room in summer (oC);
trp  Average temperature of the hottest month over the years (oC);
tmax Extreme maximum temperature over the years (oC).
(IV) The calculated dry bulb temperature outside an air-conditioned room in summer may be determined
with the following formula:
twg = 0.47trp + 0.53t max (appendix 34)
Where: twg Calculated dry bulb temperature outside the air-conditioned room in summer (oC);
trp , tmax Same as those in formula (appendix 33).
(V) The calculated wet bulb temperature outside an air-conditioned room in summer may be determined
with the following formula:
tws = 0.72ts · rp + 0.28ts  max (appendix 35  1)
Where: tws Calculated wet bulb temperature outside the air-conditioned room in summer (oC);
ts · rp Wet bulb temperature corresponding to the average temperature and average relative
humidity of the hottest month over the years ( oC), which can be found by looking up
the Id diagram under local atmospheric pressure;
ts  max  Wet bulb temperature corresponding to the extreme maximum temperature and average
relative humidity of the hottest month over the years ( oC), which can be found by
looking up the Id diagram under local atmospheric pressure.
Note: Formula (appendix 35  1) is applicable to the northern area, formula (appendix 35  2) is applicable to the middle
area, formula (appendix 35  3) is applicable to the southern area.
(VI) The calculated average daily temperature outside and air-conditioned room in summer may be
determined with the following formula:
tw = 0.80trp + 0.20t max (appendix 36)
Where: tw Calculated average daily temperature outside the air-conditioned room in summer (oC);
trp , tmax Same as those in formula (appendix 33).

Appendix IV Total Solar Radiant Illumination in Summer
Total Solar Radiant Illumination on 20o North Latitude (W/m2) [kcal/(m2 · h)]
Transparency 1 2 2 3
grade
Orientations S SE E NE N H S SE E NE N H S SE E NE N H
6 26 255 527 505 202 96 28 209 424 407 169 90 29 172 341 328 140 83
(22) (219) (453) (434) (174) (83) (24) (180) (365) (350) (145) (77) (25) (148) (293) (282) (120) (71)
7 63 454 825 749 272 349 63 408 736 670 219 321 70 373 661 602 233 306
(54) (390) (709) (644) (234) (300) (54) (351) (633) (576) (214) (276) (60) (321) (568) (518) (200) (263)
8 92 527 872 759 257 602 98 495 811 708 249 573 104 464 751 658 241 545
(79) (453) (750) (653) (221) (518) (84) (426) (697) (609) (214) (493) (89) (399) (646) (566) (207) (469)
9 117 518 791 670 224 826 121 494 748 635 220 787 130 476 711 606 222 759
(101) (445) (680) (576) (193) (710) (104) (425) (643) (546) (189) (677) (112) (409) (611) (521) (191) (653)
10 134 442 628 523 191 999 144 434 608 511 198 969 145 415 578 486 195 921
Time (local solar time)
(115) (380) (540) (450) (164) (859) (124) (373) (523) (439) (170) (833) (125) (357) (497) (418) (168) (792)
11 145 312 404 344 169 1105 150 307 394 338 173 1064 156 302 384 333 177 1022
(125) (268) (347) (296) (145) (950) (129) (264) (339) (291) (149) (915) (134) (260) (330) (286) (152) (879)
12 149 149 149 157 161 1142 156 156 156 161 167 1107 162 162 162 170 172 1065
(128) (128) (128) (135) (138) (982) (134) (134) (134) (141) (144) (952) (139) (139) (139) (146) (148) (916)
13 145 145 145 145 169 1105 150 150 150 150 173 1064 156 156 156 156 177 1022
(125) (125) (125) (125) (145) (950) (129) (129) (129) (129) (149) (915) (134) (134) (134) (134) (152) (879)
14 134 134 134 134 191 999 144 144 144 144 198 969 145 145 145 145 195 921
(115) (115) (115) (115) (164) (859) (124) (124) (124) (124) (170) (833) (125) (125) (125) (125) (168) (792)
15 117 117 117 117 224 826 121 121 121 121 220 787 130 130 130 130 222 759
(101) (101) (101) (101) (193) (710) (104) (104) (104) (104) (189) (677) (112) (112) (112) (112) (191) (653)
16 92 92 92 92 257 602 93 93 93 98 249 573 104 104 104 104 241 545
(79) (79) (79) (79) (221) (518) (84) (84) (84) (84) (214) (493) (89) (89) (89) (89) (207) (469)
17 63 63 63 63 272 349 63 63 63 63 249 321 70 70 70 70 233 306
(54) (54) (54) (54) (234) (300) (54) (54) (54) (54) (214) (276) (60) (60) (60) (60) (200) (263)
18 26 26 26 26 202 96 28 28 28 28 169 90 29 29 29 29 140 83
(22) (22) (22) (22) (174) (83) (24) (24) (24) (24) (145) (77) (25) (25) (25) (25) (120) (71)
Daily total 1303 3232 4772 4284 2791 9096 1363 3108 4481 4037 2682 8716 1429 2998 4221 3817 2587 8339
(1120) (2779) (4103) (3684) (2400) (7822) (1172) (2672) (3853) (3471) (2306) (7494) (1229) (2578) (3629) (3282) (2224) (7170)
Daily mean (55) 135 199 179 116 379 57 129 187 168 112 363 60 125 176 176 159 347
47 (116) (171) (154) (100) (326) (49) (111) (161) (145) (96) (312) (51) (107) (151) (151) (137) （299）
Orientations S SW W NW N H S SW W NW N H S SW W NW N H
grade
6 27 130 254 243 107 69 22 97 184 177 79 55 22 72 131 127 60 48
(23) (112) (218) (209) (92) (59) (19) (83) (158) (152) (68) (47) (19) (62) (113) (109) (52) (41)
7 74 331 577 527 213 285 77 295 504 461 193 264 76 522 421 386 171 236
(64) (285) (496) (453) (183) (245) (66) (254) (433) (396) (166) (227) (65) (217) (362) (332) (147) (203)
8 106 423 677 594 227 505 113 395 620 548 220 480 116 354 542 481 207 440
(91) (364) (582) (511) (195) (434) (97) (340) (533) (471) (189) (413) (100) (304) (466) (414) (178) (378)
9 137 451 665 570 221 722 147 437 635 547 224 701 157 409 580 404 224 658
(118) (388) (572) (490) (190) (621) (126) (376) (546) (470) (193) (603) (135) (352) (499) (433) (193) (566)
10 155 402 551 468 200 880 165 397 536 458 208 857 179 385 508 438 217 815
(133) (346) (474) (402) (172) (757) (142) (341) (461) (394) (179) (737) (154) (331) (437) (377) (187) (701)
11 169 305 380 331 188 986 178 304 374 329 197 951 190 302 365 326 206 904
(145) (262) (327) (285) (162) (848) (153) (261) (322) (283) (169) (818) (163) (260) (314) (280) (177) (777)
12 172 172 172 179 181 1023 181 181 181 188 191 983 199 199 199 205 207 947
(148) (148) (148) (154) (156) (880) (156) (156) (156) (162) (164) (845) (171) (171) (171) (176) (178) (814)
13 169 169 169 169 188 986 178 178 178 178 197 951 190 190 190 190 206 907
(145) (145) (145) (145) (162) (848) (153) (153) (153) (153) (169) (818) (163) (163) (163) (163) (177) (777)
14 155 155 155 155 200 880 165 165 165 165 208 357 179 179 179 179 217 815
(133) (133) (133) (133) (172) (757) (142) (142) (142) (142) (179) (737) (154) (154) (154) (154) (187) (701)
15 137 137 137 137 221 722 147 147 147 147 224 701 157 157 157 157 224 658
(118) (118) (118) (118) (190) (621) (126) (126) (126) (126) (193) (603) (135) (135) (135) (135) (193) (566)
16 106 106 106 106 227 505 113 113 113 113 220 480 116 116 116 116 207 440
(91) (91) (91) (91) (195) (434) (97) (97) (97) (97) (189) (413) (100) (100) (100) (100) (178) (378)
17 74 74 74 74 213 285 77 77 77 77 193 264 76 76 76 76 171 236
(64) (64) (64) (64) (183) (245) (66) (66) (66) (66) (166) (227) (65) (65) (65) (65) (147) (203)
18 27 27 27 27 107 69 22 22 22 22 79 55 22 22 22 22 60 48
(23) (23) (23) (23) (92) (59) (19) (19) (19) (19) (68) (47) (19) (19) (19) (19) (52) (41)
Daily total 1507 2883 3944 3580 2493 7918 1584 2807 3736 3409 2433 7600 1678 2713 3487 3206 2379 7148
(1296) (2479) (3391) (3078) (2144) (6808) (1362) (2414) (3212) (2931) (2092) (6535) (1448) (2333) (2998) (2757) (2046) (6146)
Daily mean 63 120 164 149 104 330 66 117 156 142 101 317 70 113 145 134 99 298
(54) (103) (141) (128) (89) (284) (57) (101) (134) (122) (87) (272) (60) (97) (125) (115) (85) (256)
143
grade
6 33 287 579 551 220 127 34 243 484 461 187 116 36 206 401 383 162 109
（28） (247）（498）（474）（189）（109）（29）（209）（416）（396）（161）（100）（31）（177）（345）（329）（139）（94）
7 66 483 842 747 252 373 67 436 755 670 233 345 73 398 678 604 219 327
（57）（415）（724）（642）（217）（321）（58）（375）（649）（576）（200）（297）（63）（342）（583）（519）（188）（281）
8 93 564 877 730 212 618 100 530 818 684 208 590 106 498 758 637 204 562
（80）（485）（754）（628）（182）（531）（86）（456）（703）（588）（179）（507）（91）（428）（652）（548）（175）（483）
9 119 566 793 625 159 834 121 540 750 593 159 795 131 518 713 568 166 768
（102）（487）（682）（537）（137）（717）（104）（464）（645）（510）（137）（684）（113）（445）（613）（488）（143）（660）
10 158 500 （ 43 628 466 134 1000 166 438 608 456 144 970 166 466 578 436 145 922
（136） 0）（540）（401）（115）（860）（143）（420）（523）（392）（124）（834）（143）（401）（497）（375）（125）（793）
11 212 376 404 281 145 1104 213 363 394 279 151 1062 215 359 384 276 156 1020
（182）（323）（347）（242）（125）（949）（183）（316）（339）（240）（130）（913）（185）（309）（330）（237）（134）（877）
12 226 202 144 144 144 1133 228 206 151 151 151 1096 229 208 157 157 157 1054
（194）（174）（124）（124）（124）（974）（196）（177）（130）（130）（130）（942）（197）（179）（135）（135）（135）（906）
13 212 145 145 145 145 1104 （ 949 213 151 151 151 151 1062 215 156 156 156 156 1020
（182）（125）（125）（125）（125））（133）（130）（130）（130）（130）（913）（185）（134）（134）（134）（134）（877）
14 158 （ 13 134 134 134 134 1000 166 144 144 144 144 970 166 145 145 145 145 922
6）（115）（115）（115）（115）（860）（143）（124）（124）（124）（124）（834）（143）（125）（125）（125）（125）（793）
15 119 119 119 119 159 834 121 121 121 121 159 795 131 131 131 131 166 768
（102）（102）（102）（102）（137）（717）（104）（104）（104）（104）（137）（684）（113）（113）（113）（113）（143）（660）
16 93 93 93 93 212 618 100 100 100 100 208 590 106 106 106 106 204 562
（80）（80）（80）（80）（182）（531）（86）（86）（86）（86）（179）（507）（91）（91）（91）（91）（175）（483）
17 66 66 66 66 252 373 67 67 67 67 233 345 73 73 73 73 219 327
（57）（57）（57）（57）（217）（321）（58）（58）（58）（58）（200）（297）（63）（63）（63）（63）（188）（281）
18 33 33 33 33 220 127 34 34 34 34 187 116 36 36 36 36 162 109
（28）（28）（28）（28）（189）（109）（29）（29）（29）（29）（161）（100）（31）（31）（31）（31）（139）（94）
Daily total 1586 3568 4857 4134 2389 9244 1631 3249 4578 3911 2317 8853 1685 3310 4317 3708 2260 8469 （ 7282
(1364) (3068) (4176) (3555) (2054) (7948) (1402) (2948) (3936) (3363) (1992) (7612) (1449) （2838） (3712） (3188) （1943））
Daily mean 66 149 202 172 100 385 68 143 191 163 97 369 70 138 180 154 94 353
（57） (128） (174） (148） (86） (331）（58） (123) (164) (140）（83） (317） (60）（118）（155） (133）（81）（303）
144
grade
6 35 164 312 298 129 95 33 129 240 229 104 81 29 95 171 161 80 67
(30) (141) (268) (256) (111) (82) (28) (111) (206) (197) (89) (70) (25) (82) (147) (141) (67) (58)
7 77 355 594 530 291 305 80 316 521 466 186 284 81 274 441 397 167 257
(66) (305) (511) (456) (173) (262) (69) (272) (448) (401) (160) (244) (70) (236) (379) (341) (144) (221)
8 108 454 684 577 194 520 115 424 629 534 193 495 119 379 551 471 184 454
(93) (390) (588) (496) (167) (447) (99) (365) (541) (459) (166) (426) (102) (326) (474) (405) (158) (390)
9 138 491 669 536 171 730 148 475 640 516 177 709 158 442 585 478 185 666
(119) (422) (575) (461) (147) (628) (127) (408) (550) (444) (152) (610) (136) (380) (503) (411) (159) (573)
10 173 449 551 421 155 882 184 441 536 415 165 858 195 423 508 400 179 816
(149) (386) (474) (362) (133) (758) (158) (379) (461) (357) (142) (738) (168) (364) (437) (344) (154) (702)
11 223 357 380 280 169 985 229 352 374 281 178 950 235 345 365 281 190 901
(192) (307) (327) (241) (145) (847) (197) (303) (322) (242) (153) (317) (202) (297) (314) (242) (163.) (775)
12 235 215 169 169 169 1014 240 222 178 178 178 973 250 234 194 194 194 935
(202) (185) (145) (145) (145) (872) (206) (191) (153) (153) (153) (837) (215) (201) (167) (167) (167) (804)
13 223 169 169 169 169 985 229 178 178 178 178 950 235 190 190 190 190 901
(192) (145) (145) (145) (145) (847) (197) (153) (153) (153) (153) (817) (202) (163.) (163.) (163.) (163.) (775)
14 173 155 155 155 155 882 184 165 165 165 165 858 195 179 179 179 179 816
(149) (133) (133) (133) (133) (758) (158) (142) (142) (142) (142) (738) (168) (154) (154) (154) (154) (702)
15 138 138 138 138 171 730 148 148 148 148 177 709 158 158 158 158 185 666
(119) (119) (119) (119) (147) (628) (127) (127) (127) (127) (152) (610) (136) (136) (136) (136) (159) (573)
16 108 108 108 108 194 520 115 115 115 115 193 495 119 119 119 119 184 454
(93) (93) (93) (93) (167) (447) (99) (99) (99) (99) (166) (426) (102) (102) (102) (102) (1258) (390)
17 77 77 77 77 201 305 80 80 80 80 186 284 81 81 81 81 167 257
(66) (66) (66) (66) (173) (262) (69) (69) (69) (69) (160) (244) (70) (70) (70) (70) (144) (221)
18 35 35 35 35 129 95 33 33 33 33 104 81 29 29 29 29 80 67
(30) (30) (30) (30) (111) (82) (28) (28) (28) (28) (89) (70) (25) (25) (25) (25) (67) (58)
Daily total 1745 3166 4040 3492 2206 8048 1817 3078 3337 3339 2183 7730 1885 2949 3572 3141 2160 7259
(1500) (2722) (3474) (3003) (1897) (6920) (1562) (2647) (3299) (2871) (1877) (6647) (1621) (2536) (3071) (2701) (1857) (6242)
Daily mean 73 132 168 146 92 335 76 128 3078 139 91 322 79 123 149 131 90 302
(63) (113) (145) (125) (79) (288) (65) (110) (2647) (120) (78) (277) (68) (106) (128) (113) (77) (260)
145
Grade
6 38 320 629 593 231 156 38 277 538 507 201 142 42 239 457 431 178 135
(33) (275) (541) (510) (199) (134) (33) (238) (463) (436) (173) (122) (36) (206) (393) (371) (153) (116)
7 69 512 856 740 229 395 71 464 770 666 214 368 76 423 693 601 201 345
(59) (440) (736) (636) (197) (340) (61) (399) (662) (573) (184) (316) (65) (364) (596) (517) (173) (297)
8 94 600 879 699 164 627 101 566 822 656 164 599 107 530 764 613 165 571
(81) (516) (756) (601) (141) (539) (87) (487) (707) (564) (141) (515) (92) (456) (657) (527) (142) (491)
9 144 614 794 578 119 835 145 584 750 549 121 795 154 558 713 527 131 768
(124) (528) (683) (497) (102) (718) (125) (502) (645) (472) (104) (684) (132) (480) (613) (453) (113) (660)
10 240 557 628 408 134 996 243 542 608 402 144 966 237 516 577 386 145 918
(206) (479) (540) (351) (115) (856) (209) (466) (523) (346) (124) (831) (204) (444) (496) (332) (125) (789)
11 300 436 401 215 143 1091 297 424 392 217 149 1050 292 413 381 217 154 1008
(258) (375) (345) (185) (123) (938) (255) (365) (337) (187) (128) (903) (251) (355) (328) (187) (132) (867)
12 316 266 143 143 143 1119 313 265 149 149 149 1079 309 264 155 155 155 1037
(272) (229) (123) (123) (123) (962) (269) (228) (128) (128) (128) (928) (266) (227) (133) (133) (133) (892)
13 300 143 143 143 143 1091 297 149 149 149 149 1050 292 154 154 154 154 1008
(258) (123) (123) (123) (123) (928) (255) (128) (128) (128) (128) (903) (251) (132) (132) (132) (132) (867)
14 240 134 134 134 134 996 243 144 144 144 144 966 237 145 145 145 145 918
(206) (115) (115) (115) (115) (856) (209) (124) (124) (124) (124) (831) (204) (125) (125) (125) (125) (789)
15 144 119 119 119 119 835 145 121 121 121 121 795 154 131 131 131 131 768
(124) (102) (102) (102) (102) (718) (125) (104) (104) (104) (104) (684) (132) (113) (113) (113) (113) (660)
16 94 94 94 94 164 627 101 101 101 101 164 599 107 107 107 107 165 571
(81) (81) (81) (81) (141) (539) (87) (87) (87) (87) (141) (515) (92) (92) (92) (92) (142) (491)
17 69 69 69 69 229 395 71 71 71 71 214 368 76 76 76 76 201 345
(59) (59) (59) (59) (197) (340) (61) (61) (61) (61) (184) (316) (65) (65) (65) (65) (173) (297)
18 38 38 38 38 231 156 38 38 38 38 201 142 42 42 42 42 178 135
(33) (33) (33) (33) (199) (134) (33) (33) (33) (33) (173) (122) (36) (36) (36) (36) (153) (116)
Daily total 2086 3902 4928 3973 2183 9318 2104 3747 4654 3772 2135 8920 2124 3599 4395 3586 2104 8527
(1794) (3355) (4237) (3416) (1877) (8012) (1809) (3222) (4002) (3243) (1836) (7670) (1826) (3095) (3779) (3083) (1809) (7332)
Daily mean 87 163 205 166 91 388 88 156 194 157 89 372 88 150 183 149 88 355
(75) (140) (177) (142) (78) (334) (75) (134) (167) (135) (77) (320) (76) (129) (157) (128) (75) (306)
146
Grade
6 42 197 366 345 148 121 41 160 292 277 122 107 35 117 208 198 92 86
(36) (169) (315) (297) (127) (104) (35) (138) (251) (268) (105) (92) (30) (101) (179) (170) (79) (74)
7 79 377 608 530 187 321 83 338 536 469 176 300 86 295 457 402 162 276
(68) (324) (523) (456) (161) (276) (71) (291) (461) (403) (151) (258) (74) (254) (393) (346) (139) (237)
8 109 484 690 556 160 529 160 451 636 516 163 505 121 402 557 457 159 462
(94) (416) (593) (478) (138) (455) (100) (.388) (547) (414) (140) (434) (104) (346) (479) (393) (137) (397)
9 159 528 669 499 138 732 166 508 640 483 148 711 176 472 585 449 159 668
(137) (454) (575) (429) (119) (629) (143) (437) (550) (415) (127) (611) (151) (406) (503) (386) (137) (574)
10 238 494 550 374 154 877 244 483 535 371 165 855 249 461 507 362 179 812
(205) (425) (473) (322) (132) (754) (210) (415) (460) (319) (142) (735) (214) (396) (436) (311) (154) (698)
11 294 406 377 226 166 972 294 398 372 230 176 939 293 386 363 237 187 891
(253) (349) (324) (194) (143) (836) (253) (342) (320) (198) (151) (807) (252) (332) (312) (204) (161) (766)
12 309 267 166 166 166 1000 308 270 177 177 177 962 309 274 191 191 191 919
(266) (230) (143) (143) (143) (860) (265) (232) (152) (152) (152) (827) (266) (236) (164) (164) (164) (790)
13 294 166 166 166 166 972 294 176 176 176 176 939 293 187 187 187 187 891
(253) (143) (143) (143) (143) (836) (253) (151) (151) (151) (151) (807) (252) (161) (161) (161) (161) (766)
14 238 154 154 154 154 877 244 165 165 165 165 855 249 179 179 179 179 812
(205) (132) (132) (132) (132) (754) (210) (142) (142) (142) (142) (735) (214) (154) (154) (154) (154) (698)
15 159 138 138 138 138 732 166 148 148 148 148 711 176 159 159 159 159 668
(137) (119) (119) (119) (119) (629) (143) (127) (127) (127) (127) (611) (151) (137) (137) (137) (137) (574)
16 109 109 109 109 160 529 116 116 116 116 163 505 121 121 121 121 159 462
(94) (94) (94) (94) (138) (455) (100) (100) (100) (100) (140) (434) (104) (104) (104) (104) (137) (397)
17 79 79 79 79 187 321 83 83 83 83 176 300 86 86 86 86 162 276
(68) (68) (68) (68) (161) (276) (71) (71) (71) (71) (151) (258) (74) (74) (74) (74) (139) (237)
18 42 42 42 42 148 121 41 41 41 41 122 107 35 35 35 35 92 86
(36) (36) (36) (36) (127) (104) (35) (35) (35) (35) (105) (92) (30) (30) (30) (30) (79) (74)
Daily total 2154 3441 4115 3385 2074 8104 2197 3337 3916 3251 2075 7793 2228 3176 3636 3063 2068 7306
(1852) (2959) (3538) (2911) (1783) (6968) (1889) (2869) (3367) (2795) (1784) (6701) (1916) (2731) (3126) (2634) (1778) (6282)
Daily mean 90 143 171 141 86 338 92 139 163 135 86 325 93 132 151 128 86 304
(77) (123) (147) (121) (74) (290) (79) (120) (140) (116) (74) (279) (80) (114) (130) (110) (74) (262)
147
Grade
6 43 348 670 622 236 184 43 304 576 536 207 167 48 267 498 465 187 160
(37) (300) (576) (535) (203) (158) (37) (261) (495) (461) (178) (144) (41) (230) (428) (400) (161) (138)
7 71 541 869 728 204 413 73 492 783 658 192 385 77 448 705 594 181 361
(61) (465) (747) (626) (175) (355) (63) (423) (673) (566) (165) (331) (66) (385) (606) (511) (156) (310)
8 94 636 880 665 114 632 101 600 825 626 120 605 108 562 766 585 124 577
(81) (547) (757) (572) (98) (543) (87) (516) (709) (538) (103) (520) (93) (483) (659) (503) (107) (496)
9 209 659 792 529 117 828 207 626 749 504 121 790 209 598 721 485 130 762
(180) (567) (681) (455) (101) (712) (178) (538) (644) (433) (104) (679) (180) (514) (612) (417) (112) (655)
10 320 614 627 351 134 984 319 595 608 349 144 956 307 565 577 336 145 907
(275) (528) (539) (302) (115) (846) (274) (512) (523) (300) (124) (822) (264) (486) (496) (289) (125) (780)
11 383 493 397 149 138 1066 376 479 388 155 145 1029 365 462 377 158 150 985
(329) (424) (341) (128) (119) (917) (323) (412) (334) (133) (125) (885) (314) (397) (324) (136) (129) (847)
12 409 333 145 145 145 1105 400 327 151 151 151 1063 390 321 156 156 156 1021
(352) (286) (125) (125) (125) (950) (344) (281) (130) (130) (130) (914) (335) (276) (134) (134) (134) (878)
13 383 138 138 138 138 1066 376 145 145 145 145 1029 365 150 150 150 150 985
(323) (119) (119) (119) (119) (917) (323) (125) (125) (125) (125) (885) (314) (129) (129) (129) (129) (847)
14 320 134 134 134 134 984 319 144 144 144 144 956 307 145 145 145 145 907
(275) (115) (115) (115) (115) (846) (274) (124) (124) (124) (124) (822) (264) (125) (125) (125) (125) (780)
15 209 117 117 117 117 828 207 121 121 121 121 790 209 130 130 130 130 762
(180) (101) (101) (101) (101) (712) (178) (104) (104) (104) (104) (679) (180) (112) (112) (112) (112) (655)
16 94 94 94 94 114 632 101 101 101 101 120 605 108 108 108 108 124 577
(81) (81) (81) (81) (98) (543) (87) (87) (87) (87) (103) (520) (93) (93) (93) (93) (107) (496)
17 71 71 71 71 204 413 73 73 73 73 192 385 77 77 77 77 181 361
(61) (61) (61) (61) (175) (355) (63) (63) (63) (63) (165) (331) (66) (66) (66) (66) (156) (310)
18 43 43 43 43 236 184 43 43 43 43 207 167 48 48 48 48 187 160
(37) (37) (37) (37) (203) (158) (37) (37) (37) (37) (178) (144) (11) (11) (11) (11) (161) (138)
Daily total 2649 4223 4978 3788 2032 9318 2638 4051 4708 3606 2010 8927 2618 3881 4448 3438 1993 8525
(2278) (3631) (4280) (3257) (1747) (8012) (2268) (3483) (4048) (3101) (1728) (7676) (2251) (3337) (3825) (2956) (1714) (7330)
Daily mean 110 176 85 158 85 388 110 169 197 150 84 372 109 162 185 143 83 355
(95) (151) (73) (136) (73) (334) (95) (145) (169) (129) (72) (320) (94) (139) (159) (123) (71) (305)
148
148
Transparency 4 5 5
Grade
6 48 223 408 380 158 141 47 185 331 309 134 128 42 14 245 230 105 107
(41) (192) (350) (327) (136) (124) (40) (159) (285) (266) (115) (110) (36) (121) (211) (198) (90) (92)
7 81 399 621 526 171 335 85 354 549 468 163 314 90 315 472 405 154 291
(70) (343) (543) (452) (147) (288) (73) (309) (472) (402) (140) (270) (77) (271) (406) (348) (132) (250)
8 109 511 692 531 124 534 117 477 638 495 130 509 121 423 561 410 133 466
(94) (439) (595) (457) (107) (459) (101) (410) (549) (426) (112) (438) (104) (364) (482) (378) (114) (401)
9 209 562 666 495 137 725 214 541 636 445 147 704 215 499 582 416 157 661
(180) (483) (573) (395) (118) (623) (184) (465) (547) (383) (126) (605) (185) (429) (500) (358) (135) (568)
10 302 538 549 328 154 865 304 525 534 328 165 844 302 497 506 232 179 802
(260) (463) (472) (282) (132) (744) (261) (451) (459) (282) (142) (726) (260) (427) (435) (278) (154) (690)
11 361 450 371 170 162 950 356 440 366 179 172 918 349 423 358 191 185 871
(310) (387) (319) (146) (139) (815) (306) (378) (315) (154) (148) (789) (300) (364) (308) (164) (159) (749)
12 385 321 169 169 169 986 379 320 178 178 178 950 370 316 190 190 190 902
(331) (276) (145) (145) (145) (848) (326) (275) (153) (153) (153) (817) (318) (272) (163) (163) (163) (776)
13 361 162 162 162 162 950 356 172 172 172 172 918 349 185 185 185 185 871
(310) (139) (139) (139) (139) (815) (306) (148) (148) (148) (148) (789) (300) (159) (159) (159) (159) (749)
14 302 154 154 154 154 865 304 165 165 165 165 844 302 179 179 179 179 802
(260) (132) (132) (132) (132) (744) (261) (142) (142) (142) (142) (726) (260) (154) (154) (154) (154) (690)
15 209 137 137 137 137 725 214 147 147 147 147 704 215 157 157 157 157 661
(180) (118) (118) (118) (118) (623) (184) (126) (126) (126) (126) (605) (185) (135) (135) (135) (135) (568)
16 109 109 109 109 124 534 117 117 117 117 130 509 121 121 121 121 133 466
(94) (94) (94) (94) (107) (459) (101) (101) (101) (101) (112) (438) (104) (104) (104) (104) (114) (401)
17 81 81 81 81 171 335 85 85 85 85 163 314 90 90 90 90 154 291
(70) (70) (70) (70) (147) (288) (73) (73) (73) (73) (140) (270) (77) (77) (77) (77) (132) (250)
18 48 48 48 48 158 144 47 47 47 47 134 128 42 42 42 42 105 107
(41) (41) (41) (41) (136) (124) (40) (40) (40) (40) (115) (110) (36) (36) (36) (36) (90) (92)
Daily total 2606 3695 4166 3254 1981 8088 2624 3579 3966 3135 1999 7784 2607 3388 3687 2968 2013 7299
(2241) (3177) (3582) (2798) (1703) (6954) (2256) (3077) (3410) (2696) (1719) (6693) (2242) (2913) (3170) (2552) (1731) (6276)
Daily mean 108 154 173 136 83 337 109 149 165 130 84 324 108 141 154 123 84 305
(93) (132) (149) (117) (71) (290) (94) (128) (142) (112) (72) (279) (93) (121) (132) (106) (72) (202)
149
Grade
6 45 378 706 648 236 209 47 330 612 562 209 192 52 295 536 493 192 185
(39) (325) (607) (557) (203) (180) (40) (284) (526) (483) (180) (165) (45) (254) (461) (424) (165) (159)
7 72 570 878 714 174 427 76 519 793 648 166 399 79 471 714 585 159 373
(62) (490) (755) (614) (150) (367) (65) (446) (682) (557) (143) (343) (68) (405) (614) (503) (137) (321)
8 124 671 880 629 94 630 129 632 825 593 101 604 133 591 766 556 108 576
(107) (577) (757) (541) (81) (542) (111) (543) (709) (510) (87) (519) (114) (508) (659) (478) (93) (495)
9 273 702 787 479 115 813 266 665 475 458 120 777 264 634 707 442 129 749
(235) (604) (677) (412) (99) (699) (229) (572) (641) (394) (103) (668) (227) (545) (608) (380) (111) (644)
10 393 663 621 292 130 958 386 640 600 291 140 927 371 607 570 283 142 883
(338) (570) (534) (251) (112) (824) (332) (550) (516) (250) (120) (797) (319) (522) (490) (243) (122) (759)
11 465 550 392 135 135 1037 454 534 385 144 144 1004 436 511 372 147 147 958
(400) (473) (337) (116) (116) (892) (390) (459) (331) (124) (124) (863) (375) (439) (320) (126) (126) (824)
12 492 388 140 140 140 1068 478 380 147 147 147 1030 461 370 150 150 150 986
(423) (334) (120) (120) (120) (918) (411) (327) (126) (126) (126) (886) (396) (318) (129) (129) (129) (848)
13 465 187 135 135 135 1037 454 192 144 144 144 1004 436 192 147 147 147 958
(400) (161) (116) (116) (116) (892) (390) (165) (124) (124) (124) (863) (375) (165) (126) (126) (126) (824)
14 393 130 130 130 130 958 386 140 140 140 140 927 371 142 142 142 142 883
(338) (112) (112) (112) (112) (824) (332) (120) (120) (120) (120) (797) (319) (122) (122) (122) (122) (759)
15 273 115 115 115 115 813 266 120 120 120 120 777 264 129 129 129 129 749
(235) (99) (99) (99) (99) (699) (229) (103) (103) (103) (103) (668) (227) (111) (111) (111) (111) (644)
16 124 94 94 94 94 630 129 101 101 101 101 604 133 108 108 108 108 571
(107) (81) (81) (81) (81) (542) (111) (87) (87) (87) (87) (519) (114) (93) (93) (93) (93) (495)
17 72 72 72 72 174 427 76 76 76 76 166 399 79 79 79 79 159 373
(62) (62) (62) (62) (150) (367) (65) (65) (65) (65) (143) (343) (68) (68) (68) (68) (137) (321)
18 45 45 45 45 236 209 47 47 47 47 209 192 52 52 52 52 192 185
(39) (39) (39) (39) (203) (180) (40) (40) (40) (40) (180) (165) (45) (45) (45) (45) (165) (159)
Daily total 3239 4567 4996 3629 1910 9218 3192 4374 4733 3469 1907 8834 3131 4181 4473 3312 1904 8434
(2785) (3927) (4296) (3120) (1642) (7926) (2745) (3761) (4070) (2983) (1640) (7596) (2692) (3595) (3846) (2848) 1637 (7252)
Daily mean 135 191 208 151 79 384 133 183 198 144 19 369 130 174 186 138 79 351
(116) (164) (179) (130) (68) (330) (114) (157) (170) (124) (68) (317) (112) (150) (160) (119) (68) (302)
150
Grade
6 52 250 445 411 165 166 50 209 338 340 142 148 49 164 279 258 115 127
(45) (215) (383) (353) (142) (143) (43) (180) (316) (292) (122) (127) (42) (141) (240) (222) （99）（109）
7 83 421 630 519 152 345 87 379 559 463 148 324 93 334 483 404 142 304
(71) (362) (542) (446) (131) (297) (75) (326) (481) (398) (127) (279) (80) (287) (415) (347) (122) （261）
8 131 537 692 506 109 533 137 500 638 472 117 509 137 443 559 420 121 466
(113) (462) (595) (435) (94) (458) (118) (430) (549) (406) (101) (138) (118) (381) (481) (361) (104) （401）
9 258 593 661 420 135 711 258 569 630 407 144 690 254 521 575 381 155 645
(222) (510) (568) (361) (116) (611) (222) (489) (542) (350) (124) (598) (218) (448) (494) (328) (188) （555）
10 361 576 542 279 151 842 357 558 527 281 162 821 349 526 498 281 176 779
(310) (495) (466) (240) (130) (724) (307) (480) (453) (242) (139) (706) (300) (452) (428) (242) (151) （670）
11 424 493 365 158 158 919 416 480 362 169 169 892 402 495 354 181 181 847
(365) (424) (314) (136) (136) (790) (358) (413) (311) (145) (145) (767) (346) (395) (304) (156) (156) （728）
12 448 364 162 162 162 949 438 361 172 172 172 919 422 352 185 185 185 872
(385) (313) (139) (139) (139) (816) (377) (310) (148) (148) (148) (790) (363) (303) (159) (159) (159) （750）
13 424 199 158 158 158 919 416 207 169 169 169 892 402 216 181 181 181 847
(365) (171) (136) (136) (136) (790) (358) (178) (145) (145) (145) (767) (346) (186) (156) (156) (156) （728）
14 361 151 151 151 151 842 357 162 162 162 162 821 349 176 176 176 176 779
(310) (130) (130) (130) (130) (724) (307) (139) (139) (139) (139) (706) (300) (151) (151) (151) (151) （670）
15 258 135 135 135 135 711 258 144 144 144 144 690 254 155 155 155 155 645
(222) (116) (116) (116) (116) (611) (222) (124) (124) (124) (124) (593) (218) (133) (133) (133) (133) (555)
16 131 109 109 109 109 533 137 117 117 117 117 509 137 121 121 121 121 466
(113) (94) (94) (94) (94) (458) (118) (101) (101) (101) (101) (438) (118) (104) (104) (104) (104) (401)
17 83 83 83 83 152 345 87 87 87 87 148 324 93 93 93 93 124 304
(71) (71) (71) (71) (131) (297) (75) (75) (75) (75) (127) (279) (80) (80) (80) (80) (122) (261)
18 52 52 52 52 165 166 50 50 50 50 142 148 49 49 49 49 115 127
(45) (45) (45) (45) (142) (143) (43) (43) (43) (43) (122) (127) (42) (42) (42) (42) (99) (109)
Daily total 3067 3964 4186 3142 1904 7981 3051 3824 3986 3033 1935 7687 2990 3609 3706 2885 1964 7208
(2637) (3408) (3599) (2702) (1637) (6862) (2623) (3288) (3427) (2608) (1664) (6610) (2571) (3187) (3187) (2481) (1689) (6198)
Daily mean 128 165 174 131 79 333 127 150 166 127 80 320 124 150 155 120 81 300
(110) (142) (150) (113) (68) (286) (109) (137) (143) (109) (69) (275) (107) (125) (133) (103) (70) (258)
151
Grade
6 48 407 740 668 233 234 49 357 644 582 208 214 56 323 571 518 193 207
(41) (350) (636) (574) (200) (201) (42) (307) (554) (500) (179) (184) (48) (278) (491) (445) (166) (178)
7 73 598 885 698 143 437 77 544 801 634 140 409 80 494 721 573 135 381
(63) (514) (761) (600) (123) (376) (66) (468) (689) (545) (120) (352) (69) (425) (620) (493) (116) (328)
8 173 705 897 593 94 625 173 662 821 559 101 598 173 618 763 525 107 570
(149) (606) (756) (510) (81) (537) (149) (569) (706) (481) (87) (514) (149) (531) (656) (451) (92) (490)
9 333 742 782 420 112 791 323 704 740 413 117 758 316 668 701 399 127 730
(286) (638) (672) (369) (96) (680) (278) (605) (636) (355) (101) (652) (272) (574) (603) (343) (109) (628)
10 464 709 614 234 127 926 449 679 590 233 134 891 431 657 562 231 140 851
(399) (610) (528) (201) (109) (796) (386) (584) (507) (200) (115) (766) (371) (565) (483) (199) (120) (732)
11 545 606 390 134 134 1005 530 587 384 143 143 975 506 558 370 145 145 927
(469) (521) (335) (115) (115) (864) (456) (505) (330) (123) (123) (838) (435) (480) (318) (125) (125) (797)
12 571 443 135 135 135 1028 554 434 143 143 143 996 529 418 147 147 147 9490
(491) (381) (116) (116) (116) (884) (476) (373) (123) (123) (123) (856) (455) (359) (126) (126) (126) (816)
13 545 244 134 134 134 1005 530 248 143 143 143 975 506 242 145 145 145 927
(469) (210) (115) (115) (115) (864) (456) (213) (123) (123) (123) (838) (435) (208) (125) (125) (125) (797)
14 464 127 127 127 127 926 449 134 134 134 134 891 421 140 140 140 140 851
(399) (109) (109) (109) (109) (796) (386) (115) (115) (115) (115) (766) (371) (120) (120) (120) (120) (732)
15 333 112 112 112 112 791 323 117 117 117 117 758 316 127 127 127 127 730
(286) (96) (96) (96) (96) (680) (278) (101) (101) (101) (101) (652) (272) (109) (109) (109) (109) (628)
16 173 94 94 94 94 625 173 101 101 101 101 598 1773 107 107 107 107 570
(149) (81) (81) (81) (81) (537) (149) (87) (87) (87) (87) (514) (149) (92) (92) (92) (92) (490)
17 73 73 73 73 143 437 77 77 77 77 140 409 80 80 80 80 135 381
(63) (63) (63) (63) (123) (376) (66) (66) (66) (66) (120) (352) (69) (69) (69) (69) (116) (328)
18 48 48 48 48 233 234 49 49 49 49 208 214 56 56 56 56 193 207
(41) (41) (41) (41) (2000) (201) (42) (42) (42) (42) (179) (184) (48) (48) (48) (48) (166) (178)
Daily total 3844 4908 5011 3477 1819 9062 3756 4693 4744 3327 1829 8685 3665 4475 4489 3192 1840 8283
(3305) (4220) (4309) (2990) (1564) (7792) (3230) (4035) (4079) (2861) (1573) (7468) (3143) (3848) (3860) (2745) (1582) (7122)
Daily mean 160 205 209 145 76 378 157 195 198 138 77 362 152 186 187 133 77 345
(138) (176) (180) (125) (65) (325) (135) (168) (170) (119) (66) (311) (131) (160) (161) (114) (66) (297)
152
Grade
6 56 276 480 435 169 187 53 234 400 364 147 166 53 186 311 283 122 145
(48) (237) (413) (374) (145) (161) (46) (201) (344) (313) (126) (143) (46) (160) (267) (243) (105) (125)
7 84 441 637 509 131 354 88 398 566 456 130 333 95 351 491 399 129 312
(72) (379) (548) (438) (113) (304) (76) (342) (487) (392) (112) (286) (82) (302) (422) (343) (111) (268)
8 167 561 688 478 109 527 169 520 635 447 116 504 164 459 556 398 120 461
(144) (482) (592) (411) (94) (453) (145) (447) (546) (384) (100) (433) (141) (395) (478) (342) (103) (396)
9 304 621 652 378 131 690 300 592 621 369 142 669 287 538 563 347 150 623
(261) (534) (561) (325) (113) (593) (258) (509) (534) (317) (122) (575) (247) (463) (484) (298) (129) (536)
10 415 611 535 231 149 813 408 590 519 236 158 792 391 551 488 241 171 750
(357) (525) (460) (199) (127) (699) (351) (507) (446) (203) (136) (681) (339) (474) (420) (207) (147) (645)
11 486 534 361 155 155 886 475 520 358 166 166 863 545 494 350 180 180 820
(418) (459) (310) (1330 (1330 (762) (408) (447) (308) (143) (143) (742) (390) (425) (301) (155) (155) (705)
12 509 406 157 157 157 909 495 400 167 167 167 884 473 387 181 181 181 840
(438) (349) (135) (135) (135) (782) (426) (344) (144) (144) (144) (760) (407) (333) (156) (156) (156) (722)
13 486 243 155 155 155 886 475 249 166 166 166 863 454 254 180 180 180 820
(418) (209) (133) (133) (133) (762) (408) (214) (143) (143) (143) (742) (390) (218) (155) (155) (155) (705)
14 415 148 148 148 148 813 408 158 158 158 158 792 391 171 171 171 171 750
(357) (127) (127) (127) (127) (699) (351) (136) (136) (136) (136) (681) (336) (147) (147) (147) (147) (645)
15 304 131 131 131 131 690 300 142 142 142 142 669 287 150 150 150 150 623
(261) (113) (113) (113) (113) (593) (258) (122) (122) (122) (122) (575) (247) (129) (129) (129) (129) (536)
16 167 109 109 109 109 527 169 116 116 116 116 504 164 120 120 120 120 461
(144) (94) (94) (94) (94) (453) (145) (100) (100) (100) (100) (433) (141) (103) (103) (103) (103) (396)
17 84 84 84 84 131 354 88 88 88 88 130 333 95 95 95 95 129 312
(72) (72) (72) (72) (113) (304) (76) (76) (76) (76) (112) (286) (82) (82) (82) (82) (111) (268)
18 56 56 56 56 169 187 53 53 53 53 147 166 53 53 53 53 122 145
(48) (48) (48) (48) (145) (161) (46) (46) (46) (46) (126) (143) (46) (46) (46) (46) (105) (125)
Daily total 3573 4219 4194 3026 1843 7822 3482 4060 3991 2930 1886 7536 3362 3811 3710 2798 1926 7062
(3038) (3628) (3606) (2602) (1585) (6726) (2994) (3491) (3432) (2519) (1622) (6480) (2891) (3277) (3190) (2406) (1656) (6073)
Daily mean 148 176 174 126 77 326 145 169 166 122 79 314 140 159 155 116 80 294
(127) (151) (150) (108) (66) (280) (125) (145) (143) (105) (68) (270) (120) (137) (133) (100) (69) (253)
153
Grade
6 51 435 768 680 224 257 52 384 671 595 202 236 58 348 598 533 190 228
(44) (374) (660) (585) (193) (221) (45) (330) (577) (512) (174) (203) (50) (299) (514) (458) (163) (196)
7 74 625 890 677 112 444 78 569 805 615 112 415 80 516 726 558 110 387
(64) (537) (765) (582) (96) (382) (67) (489) (692) (529) (96) (357) (69) (444) (624) (480) (95) (333)
8 220 736 876 557 93 615 216 688 816 525 99 586 212 642 757 492 106 558
(189) (633) (753) (479) (80) (529) (186) (592) (702) (451) (85) (504) (182) (552) (651) (423) (91) (480)
9 390 778 773 379 108 763 377 737 734 368 115 734 365 698 694 356 124 706
(335) (669) (665) (326) (93) (656) (324) (634) (631) (316) (99) (631) (314) (600) (597) (306) (107) (607)
10 530 752 607 178 124 887 507 715 579 178 128 848 488 680 554 183 136 815
(456) (647) (522) (153) (107) (763) (436) (615) (498) (153) (110) (729) (420) (585) (476) (157) (117) (701)
11 620 656 385 131 131 963 599 634 375 141 141 933 569 601 364 143 143 887
(533) (564) (331) (113) (113) (828) (515) (545) (326) (121) (121) (802) (489) (517) (313) (123) (123) (763)
12 650 499 134 134 134 980 630 487 144 144 144 961 598 465 145 145 145 912
(659) (429) (115) (115) (115) (850) (542) (419) (124) (124) (124) (826) (514) (400) (125) (125) (125) (784)
13 620 297 131 131 131 963 599 297 141 141 141 933 569 287 143 143 143 887
(533) (255) (113) (113) (113) (828) (515) (255) (121) (121) (121) (802) (489) (247) (123) (123) (123) (763)
14 530 124 124 124 124 887 507 128 128 128 128 848 488 136 136 136 136 815
(456) (107) (107) (107) (107) (763) (436) (110) (110) (110) (110) (729) (420) (117) (117) (117) (117) (701)
15 390 108 108 108 108 763 377 115 115 115 115 734 365 124 124 124 124 706
(335) (93) (93) (93) (93) (656) (324) (99) (99) (99) (99) (631) (314) (107) (107) (107) (107) (607)
16 220 93 93 93 93 615 216 99 99 99 99 586 212 106 106 106 106 558
(189) (80) (80) (80) (80) (529) (186) (85) (85) (85) (85) (504) (182) (91) (91) (91) (91) (480)
17 74 74 74 74 112 444 78 78 78 78 112 415 80 80 80 80 110 378
(64) (64) (64) (64) (96) (382) (67) (67) (67) (67) (96) (357) (69) (69) (69) (69) (95) (333)
18 51 51 51 51 224 257 52 52 52 52 202 236 58 58 58 58 190 228
(44) (44) (44) (44) (193) (221) (45) (45) (45) (45) (174) 203) (50) (50) (50) (50) (163) (196)
Daily total 4421 5229 5015 3319 1720 8848 4289 4983 4742 3178 1738 8464 4143 4743 4486 3058 1764 8076
(3801) (4496) (4312) (2854) (1479) (7608) (3688) (4285) (4077) (2733) (1494) (7278) (3562) (4078) (3857) (2629) (1517) (6944)
Daily mean 184 217 209 138 72 369 179 208 198 133 72 352 172 198 187 128 73 336
(158) (187) (180) (119) (62) (317) (154) (179) (170) (114) (62) (303) (148) (170) (161) (110) (63) (289)
154
Grade
6 59 299 507 454 167 207 58 256 428 383 148 186 58 208 337 304 126 164
(51) (257) (436) (390) (144) (178) (50) (220) (368) (329) (127) (160) (50) (179) (290) (261) (108) (141)
7 85 461 642 497 109 359 90 414 571 445 112 338 95 365 495 391 114 316
(73) (396) (552) (427) (94) (309) (77) (356) (491) (383) (96) (291) (82) (314) (426) (336) (98) (272)
8 201 580 683 448 107 518 198 536 628 419 115 492 188 473 550 374 119 451
(173) (499) (587) (385) (92) (445) (170) (461) (540) (360) (99) (423) (162) (407) (473) (322) (102) (388)
9 345 644 641 337 128 663 337 612 608 329 137 642 316 551 549 309 145 595
(297) (554) (551) (290) (110) (570) (290) (529) (523) (288) (118) (552) (272) (474) (472) (266) (125) (512)
10 466 642 527 187 144 779 454 618 511 193 154 758 429 572 478 201 163 716
(401) (552) (453) (161) (124) (670) (390) (531) (439) (166) (132) (652) (369) (492) (411) (173) (143) (616)
11 542 571 355 151 151 847 527 554 352 163 163 826 498 522 343 177 177 784
(466) (491) (305) (130) (130) (728) (453) (476) (303) (140) (140) (710) (428) (449) (295) (152) (152) (674)
12 568 447 154 154 154 870 552 438 165 165 165 849 ()522 422 179 179 179 807
(488) (384) (132) (132) (132) (748) (475) (377) (1420 (1420 (1420 (730) (449) (363) (154) (154) (154) (694)
13 542 284 151 151 151 847 527 286 163 163 163 826 498 285 177 177 177 784
(466) (244) (130) (130) (130) (728) (453) (246) (140) (140) (140) (710) (428) (245) (152) (152) (152) (674)
14 466 144 144 144 144 779 454 154 154 154 154 758 429 163 163 163 163 716
(401) (124) (124) (124) (124) (670) (390) (132) (132) (132) (132) (652) (369) (143) (143) (143) (143) (6160
15 345 128 128 128 128 663 337 137 137 137 137 642 316 145 145 145 145 595
(297) (110) (110) (110) (110) (570) (290) (1180 (1180 (1180 (1180 (552) (272) (125) (125) (125) (125) (512)
16 201 107 107 107 107 518 198 115 115 115 115 492 188 119 119 119 119 451
(173) (92) (92) (92) (92) (445) (170) (99) (99) (99) (99) (423) (162) (102) (102) (102) (102) (3880
17 85 85 85 85 109 359 90 90 90 90 112 338 95 95 95 95 114 316
(73) (73) (73) (73) (94) (309) (77) (77) (77) (77) (96) (291) (82) (82) (82) (82) (98) (2720
18 59 59 59 59 167 207 58 58 58 58 148 186 58 58 58 58 126 164
(51) (51) (51) (51) (144) (178) (50) (50) (50) (50) (127) (106) (50) (50) (50) (50) (103) (141)
Daily total 3966 4451 4182 2902 1768 7615 3879 4267 3980 2813 1821 7334 3693 3993 3693 2696 1872 6862
(3410) (3827) (3596) (2495) (1520) (6548) (3335) (3669) (3422) (2419) (1566) (6306) (3175) (3425) (3175) (2318) (1610) (5900)
Daily mean 165 135 174 121 73 317 162 178 166 117 76 306 154 166 154 113 78 286
(142) (159) (150) (104) (63) (273) (139) (153) (143) (101) (65) (263) (132) (143) (132) (97) (67) (246)
Appendix V Illumination of Solar Radiation through Standard Window Glasses in Summer
Illumination of Solar Radiant through Standard Window Glasses on 20o North Latitude (W/m2) [kcal/(m2 · h)]
Transparency 1 2
Grade
Orientations S SE E NE N H S SE E NE N H
Radiant Upper line  direct radiation Upper line  direct radiation
illumination Lower line  scattering radiation Lower line  scattering radiation
6 0(0) 162(139) 423(364) 404(347) 112(96) 20(17) 0(0) 128(110) 335(288) 320(275) 88(76) 15(13)
21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 27(23) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 31(27)
7 0(0) 286(246) 552(642) 576(495) 109(94) 192(165) 0(0) 254(218) 568(488) 509(488) 97(83) 170(146)
52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 47(40) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 51(41)
8 0(0) 315(271) 654(562) 550(473) 65(56) 428(368) 0(0) 288(248) 598(514) 502(432) 59(51) 391(336)
76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 52(45) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 66(57)
9 0(0) 274(236) 552(475) 430(370) 130(112) 628(540) 0(0) 256(220) 514(442) 401(345) 122(105) 585(503)
97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 57(49) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 69(59)
10 0(0) 180(155) 364(313) 258(222) 8(7) 784(674) 0(0) 170(146) 342(294) 243(209) 8(7) 737(634)
110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 56(48) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 77(66)
11 0(0) 60(50) 133(114) 85(73) 1(1) 878(755) 0(0) 57(49) 126(108) 79(68) 1(1) 826(710)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 57(49) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 72(62)
12 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 911(783) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 863(742)
122(105) 122(105) 122(105) 122(105) 122(105) 56(48) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 73(63)
13 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 878(755) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 826(710)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 57(49) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 123(106) 72(62)
14 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 8(7) 784(674) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 8(7) 737(634)
110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 56(48) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 77(66)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 130(112) 628(540) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 122(105) 585(503)
97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 57(40) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 69(59)
16 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 65(56) 428(368) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 59(51) 391(336)
76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 76(65) 52(45) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 80(69) 66(57)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 109(94) 192(165) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 97(83) 170(146)
52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 47(40) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 52(45) 51(44)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 112(96) 20(17) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 88(76) 15(13)
21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 21(18) 27(23) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 23(20) 31(27)
Orientations S SW W NW N H S SW W NW N H
156
Illumination of Solar Radiant through Standard Window Glasses on 20 o North Latitude (W/m2) [kcal/(m2 · h)]
Transparency 3 4
Grade
6 0(0) 101(87) 263(226) 251(216) 70(60 12（10） 0(0) 73(63) 191(164) 183(157) 50(43) 9(8)
24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21)) 35(30) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 33(28)
7 0(0) 222(191) 498(428) 445(383) 85(73) 149(128) 0(0) 190(163) 423(364) 380(327) 72(62) 127(109)
58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 65(56) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 76(65)
8 0(0) 262(225) 543(467) 456(392) 53(46) 355(305) 0(0) 231(199) 479(412) 402(346) 48(41) 313(269)
85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 80(69) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 91(78)
9 0(0) 236(203) 476(409) 371(319) 113(97) 542(466) 0(0) 215(185) 433(372) 337(290) 102(88) 492(423)
107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 90(77) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 107(92)
10 0(0 158(136) 319(274) 227(195) 7(6) 686(590) 0(0) 145(125) 292(251) 208(179) 7(6) 629(541)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 87(75) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 109(94)
11 0(0) 53(46) 117(101) 74(64) 1(1) 775(666) 0(0) 49(42) 109(94) 69（59） 1(1) 718(617)
128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 88(76) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 115(99)
12 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 811(697) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 751(646)
133(114) 133(114) 133(114) 133(114) 133(114) 91(78) 141(121) 141(121) 141(121) 141(121) 141(121) 114(98)
13 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 775(666) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 718(617)
128(103) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 88(76) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 115(99)
14 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 7(6) 686(590) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 7(6) 629(541)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 87(75) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 109(94)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 113(97) 542(466) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 102(88) 492(423)
107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 107(92) 90(77) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 107(92)
16 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 53(46) 355(305) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 48(41) 313(269)
85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 85(73) 80(69) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 91(78)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 85(73) 149(128) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 72(62) 127(109)
58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 58(50) 65(56) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 76(65)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 70(60) 12(10) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 50(43) 9(8)
24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 35(30) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 22(19) 33(28)
157
Transparency 5 6
Grade
6 0(0) 52(45) 136(117) 130(112) 36(31) 6(5) 0(0) 36(31) 93(80) 88(76) 24(21) 5(4)
19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 28(24) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 28(24)
7 0(0) 160(138) 359(309) 323(278) 62(53) 107(92) 0(0) 130(112) 271(250) 261(224) 50(43) 87(75)
63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 81(70) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 85(73)
8 0(0) 206(177) 426(366) 358(308) 42(36) 278(239) 0(0) 172(148) 357 (307) 300(258) 36(61) 234(201)
93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 106(91) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 120(103)
9 0(0) 199(171) 401(345) 313(269) 95(82) 456(392) 0(0) 172(148) 347(298) 271(233) 83(71) 395(340)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 126(108) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 150(129)
10 0(0) 135(116) 273(235) 194(167) 6(5) 587(505) 0(0) 120(103) 242(208) 172(148) 6(5) 521(448)
136(117) 136(117) 236(117) 136(117) 136(117) 131(113) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 162(139)
11 0(0) 45(39) 101(87) 64(55) 1(1) 665(572) 41(35) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 597(513)
147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 136(117) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 163(140)
12 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 692(595) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 627(539)
149(128) 149(128) 149(128) 149(128) 149(128) 137(118) 164(141) 164(141) 164(141) 164(141) 164(141) 171(147)
13 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 665(572) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1) 597(513)
147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 136(117) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 163(140)
14 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 6(5) 587(505) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 6(5) 521(448)
136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 131(113) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 162(139)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 95(82) 456(392) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 83(71) 395(340)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 126(108) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 150(129)
16 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 42(36) 278(239) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 36(31) 234(201)
93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 93(80) 106(91) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 120(103)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 63(53) 107(92) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 50(43) 87(75)
63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 63(54) 81(70) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 62(53) 85(73)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 36(31) 6(5) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 24(21) 5(4)
19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 19(16) 28(24) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 17(15) 28(24)
158
Transparency 1 2
Grade
6 0(0) 183(157) 462(397) 437(376) 115(99) 31(27) 0(0) 150(127) 379(326) 359(309) 94(81) 27(23)
27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 33(28) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 37(32)
7 0(0) 312(268) 654(562) 570(490) 88(76) 212(182) 0(0) 276(237) 579(498) 505(434) 78(67) 137(161)
55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 48(41) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48) 53(46)
8 0(0) 352(303) 657(565) 522(449) 36(31) 440(378) 0(0) 323(278) 602(518) 478(411) 33(28) 402(346)
77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 52(45) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 67(58)
9 0(0) 322(277) 554(476) 383(329) 5(4) 636(547) 0(0) 300(258) 515(443) 356(306) 4(3) 593(510)
98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 57(49) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 68(59)
10 1(1) 236(203) 364(313) 204(175) 0(0) 785(675) 1(1) 221(191) 342(294) 191(164) 0(0) 739(635)
101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 56(48) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 77(66)
11 10(9) 108(93) 133(114) 42(36) 0(0) 876(753) 10(9) 102(88) 126(108) 40(34) 0(0) 825(709)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 58(50) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 73(63)
12 15(13) 8(7) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 936(779) 15(13) 7(6) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 857(737)
119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 1190 (102) 51(44) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 69(59)
13 10(9) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 876(753) 10(9) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 825(709)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 58(50) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 73(63)
14 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 786(675) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 739(635)
101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 101(95) 56(48) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 77(66)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 5(40 636(547) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 4(3) 593(510)
98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 57(49) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 68(59)
16 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 36(31) 440(378) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 33(28) 402(346)
77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 52(45) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 67(58)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 88(76) 212(182) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 78(67) 187(161)
55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 55(47) 48(41) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48) 56(48 53(46)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 115(99) 31(27) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 94(81) 27(23)
27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 33(28) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 28(24) 37(32)
159
Transparency 3 4
Grade
6 0(0) 121(104) 308(265) 290(250) 77(66) 21(18) 0(0) 92(79) 234(201) 221(190) 58(50) 16(14)
30(26) 30(26 30(26 30(26) 30(26 42(36) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 42(36)
7 0(0) 243(209) 511(439) 445(383) 69(56) 165(142) 0(0) 208(179) 436(375) 380(327) 59(51) 141(121)
60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 66(57) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 77(66)
8 0(0) 294(253) 548(471) 435(383) 30(26) 366(315) 0(0) 259(223) 484(416) 384(330) 27(23) 323(278)
87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 81(70) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 92(79)
9 0(0) 278(239) 477(410) 178(153) 4(3) 549(472) 0(0) 252(217) 434(373) 300(258) 4(3) 500(430)
108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 90(77) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 107(92)
10 1(1) 207(178) 319(274) 37(32) 0(0) 687(591) 190(163) 190(163) 292(251) 163(140) 0(0) 632(543)
120(103) 120(103 120(103) 120(103 120(103 87(75) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 109(94)
11 9(8) 95(82) 117(101) 0(0) 0(0) 773(665) 8(7) 88(76) 109(94) 34(29) 0(0) 715(615)
128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 88(76) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 115(99)
12 14(12) 7(6) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 804(691) 13(11) 7(6) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 745(615)
129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 86(74) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 110(95)
13 9(8) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 773(665) 8(7) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 715(615)
128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 128(110) 88(76) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 138(119) 115(99)
14 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 687(591) 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 632(543)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 87(75) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 109(94)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 4(3) 549(472) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 4(3) 500(430)
108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 90(77) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 114(98) 107(92)
16 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 30(26) 366(315) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 27(23) 323(278)
87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 81(70) 88(76)) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 92(79)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 69(59) 165(142) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 59(51) 141(121)
60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 66(57) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 77(66)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 77(66) 21(18) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 58(50) 16(14)
30(26) 30(26) 30(26) 30(26) 30(26) 42(36) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 42(36)
160
Transparency 5 6
Grade
6 0(0) 69(59) 176(151) 166(143) 44(38) 12(10) 0(0) 48(41) 120(103) 113(97) 30(26) 8(7)
27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 40(34) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 37(32)
7 0(0) 177(152) 372(320) 324(279) 50(43) 120(103) 0(0) 144(124) 302(260) 264(227) 41(35) 98(84)
66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 62(53) 67(58) 67(58) 67(58) 67(58) 67(58) 92(79)
8 0(0) 231(199) 431(337) 343(295) 23(20) 288(248) 0(0) 194(167) 363(312) 288(248) 20(17) 242(208)
94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 108(93) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 121(104)
9 0(0) 235(202) 402(346) 278(239) 4(3) 463(398) 0(0) 204(175) 349(300) 241(207) 2(2) 402(346)
121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 126(108) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 151(130)
10 1(1) 177(152) 273(235) 152(131) 0(0) 588(506) 1(1) 157(135) 242(208) 135(116) 0(0) 522(449)
136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 131(113) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 162(139)
11 8(7) 83(71) 101(87) 31(27) 0(0) 664(571) 7(6) 73(63) 91(78) 28(24) 0(0) 595(449)
147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 137(118) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 162(139)
12 12(10) 6(5) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 687(591) 10(9) 6(5) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 621(534)
147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 133(114) 159(137) 159(137) 159(137) 159(137) 159(137 165(142)
13 8(7) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 664(571) 7(6) 0(0) 0(0) 91(78) 28(24) 595(512)
147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 147(126) 137(118) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 156(134) 164(141)
14 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 588(506) 1(1) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 522(449)
136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 131(113) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 162(139)
15 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 4(3) 463(398) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 2(2) 402(346)
121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 126(108) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 130(112) 151(130)
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27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 27(23) 40(34) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 24(21) 37(32)
161
Transparency 1 2
Grade
6 0(0) 204(175) 499(429) 466(401) 116(110) 48(41) 0(0) 172(148) 422(363) 394(339) 98(84) 41(35)
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31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 37(32) 31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 31(27) 40(34)
162
Transparency 3 4
Grade
6 0(0) 143(123) 350(301) 328(282) 81(70) 34(29) 0(0) 112(96) 273(235) 256(220) 64(55) 27(23)
35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 47(40) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 50(43)
7 0(0) 265(228) 520(447) 438(377) 52(45) 180(155) 0(0) 227(195) 4445(383) 376(323) 45(39) 155(133)
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9 1(1) 320(275) 477(410) 287(247) 0(0) 549(472) 1(1) 292(251) 435(374) 262(225) 0(0) 500(430)
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12 58(50) 76(65) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 793(682) 53(46) 70(60) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 734(631)
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163
Transparency 5 6
Grade
6 0(0) 86(74) 213(183) 199(171) 49(42) 21(18) 0(0) 59(51) 147(126) 136(117) 34(29) 11(12)
34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 49(42) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 44(38)
7 0(0) 194(167) 383(329) 322(277) 38(33) 133(114) 0(0) 159(137) 313(269) 264(227) 31(27) 108(93)
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8 0(0) 258(222) 435(374) 323(278) 8(7) 298(256) 0(0) 216(186) 366(315) 272(234) 7(6) 250(215)
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12 50(43) 65(56) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 679(584) 45(39) 58(50) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 612(526)
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17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 38(33) 133(114) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 31(27) 108(93)
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34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 34(29) 49(42) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 29(25) 44(38)
164
Transparency 1 2
Grade
6 0(0) 223(192) 529(455) 488(420) 113(97) 62(53) 0(0) 191(164) 450(389) 415(357) 95(82) 53(46)
35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 40(34) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 43(37)
7 0(0) 365(314) 672(578) 547(470) 47(40) 245(211) 0(0) 324(279) 598(514) 486(418) 40(35) 219(188)
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8 0(0) 427(367) 659(567) 456(392) 1(1) 453(390) 0(0) 84(72) 392(337) 607(522) 419(360) 1(1) 418(359)
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9 44(34) 420(361) 552(475) 285(245) 0(0) 632(543) 37(32) 329(283) 515(443) 265(228) 0(0) 588(506)
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10 74(64) 350(301) 363(312) 99(85) 0(0) 768(660) 70(60) 211(181) 342(294) 93(80) 0(0) 722(621)
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17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 47(40) 245(211) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 40(35) 219(188)
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18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 113(97) 62(53) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 95(82) 53(46)
35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 40(34) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 43(37)
165
Transparency 3 3
Grade
6 0（0） 160（138） 380（327） 351 （ 302 80（69） 44（38） 0（0） 128(120) 304(261) 280(241) 64(55) 36(31)
43（34） 43（34） 43（34）） 43（34） 52（45） 40(34) 40(34) 40(34) 40(34) 40(34) 55(47)
43（34）
7 0（0） 287（247） 529（455） 430 （ 370 36（31） 193（166） 0（0） 247(212) 455(391) 370(318) 31(27) 166(143)
64（55） 64（55） 64（55）） 64（55） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 79(68)
64（55）
8 0（0） 357（307） 552（475） 381 （ 328 1（1） 380（327） 0（0） 316(272) 488(420) 337(290) 1(1) 336(289)
88（76） 88（76） 88（76）） 88（76） 83（71） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 93(80)
88（76）
9 34（29） 362（311） 476（409） 245 （ 211 0（0） 544（468） 31（27） 329(283) 433(372) 323(192) 0(0) 495(426)
107（92） 107（92） 107（92）） 1070 （ 92 90（77） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 107(92)
107（92））
10 65（56） 306（263） 317（273） 87（75） 0（0） 671（577） 59（51） 280(241) 291(250) 79(68) 0（0） 615(529)
120（103） 120（103） 120（103） 120 （ 103 120 （ 103 90（77） 127（109） 127 （ 109 127(109) 127 （ 109 127(109) 110(95)
））））
11 106（91） 198（170） 116（100） 0（0） 0（0） 745（641） 98（84） 183(157) 108(93) 0（0） 0（0） 688(592)
123（106） 123（106） 123（106） 123 （ 106 123 （ 106 85（73） 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 110(92)
））
12 122（105） 66（57） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 773（665） 113（97） 62（53） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 716(616)
128（110） 128（110） 128（110） 128 （ 110 128 （ 110 85（76） 138（119） 138 （ 119 138 （ 119 138 （ 119 138(119) 115(99)
）））））
13 106（91） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 745（641） 98（84） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 688(592)
123（106） 123（106） 123（106） 123 （ 106 123 （ 106 85（73） 134（115） 134 （ 115 134 （ 115 134 （ 115 134(115) 110(92)
）））））
14 65（56） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 671（577） 59（51） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 615(529)
120（103） 120（103） 120（103） 120 （ 103 120 （ 103 90（77） 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 110(95)
））
15 34（29） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 544（468） 31（27） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 495(426)
109（92） 109（92） 109（92） 109（92） 109（92） 90（77） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 113（97） 107(92)
16 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 1（1） 380（327） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 1（1） 336(289)
88（76） 88（76） 88（76） 88（76） 88（76） 83（71） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 91（78） 93(80)
17 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 36（31） 193（166） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 31（27） 166(143)
64（55） 64（55） 64（55） 64（55） 64（55） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 67（58） 79（680
18 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 80（69） 44（38） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 0（0） 64（55） 36（310
40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 52（45） 40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 40（34） 55（470
Orientations S2 SW W NW N H S SW W NW N H
166
Transparency 5 6
Grade
6 0(0) 102(88) 241(207) 222(191) 51(44) 28(24) 0(0) 72(62) 171(147) 158(136) 36(31) 20(17)
39(33) 39(33) 39(33) 39(33) 39(33) 55(47) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 35(30) 52(45)
7 0(0) 212(182) 391(336) 317(273) 27(23) 143(123) 0(0) 174(150) 322(277) 262(225) 22(19) 117(101)
69(60) 69(60) 69(60) 69(60) 69(60) 90(77) 74(64) 74(64) 74(64) 74(64) 74(64) 100(86)
8 0(0) 283(243) 437(376) 302(260) 1(1) 301(259) 0(0) 238(205) 369(317) 254(219) 1(1) 254(218)
97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 97(83) 109(94) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 100(86) 123(106)
9 29(25) 305(262) 401(345) 207(178) 0(0) 459(395) 24(21) 264(227) 348(299) 179(154) 0(0) 398(342)
121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 121(104) 126(108) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 129(111) 150(129)
10 56(48) 262(225) 272(234) 77(64) 0(0) 575(494) 49(42) 231(199) 241(207) 66(57) 0(0) 508(437)
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11 91(78) 170(146) 100(86) 0(0) 0(0) 640(550) 81(70) 151(130) 90(77) 0(0) 0(0) 571(491)
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Grade
6 0(0) 245(211) 558(480) 507(436) 106(91) 83(71) 0(0) 211(181) 477(410) 434(373) 91(78) 71(61)
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Transparency 3 4
Grade
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169
Transparency 5 6
Grade
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170
Transparency 1 2
Grade
6 0(0) 269(231) 584(502) 521(448) 97(83) 100(86) 0(0) 230(198) 502(432) 448(385) 84(72) 86(74)
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171
Transparency 3 4
Grade
6 0(0) 200(172) 435(374) 388(334) 72(62) 77(64) 0(0) 165(142) 358(308) 320(275) 59(51) 62(53)
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172
Transparency 5 6
Grade
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116(100) 116(100) 116(100) 116(100) 116(100) 122(105) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 145(125)
16 10(9) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 297(255) 9(8) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 249(214)
95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 95(82) 109(94) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 99(85) 122(105)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 8(7) 157(135) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 7(6) 130(112)
73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 91(78) 78(67) 78(67) 78(67) 78(67) 78(67) 105(90)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 49(42) 50(43) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 36(31) 37(32)
44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 62(53) 44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 44(38) 64(55)
173
Transparency 1 2
Grade
6 0(0) 291(250) 605(520) 528(454) 85(73) 116(100) 0(0) 285(216) 522(449) 457(393) 73(63) 100(86)
42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 47(40)
7 0(0) 442(382) 687(591) 494(425) 3(3) 276(237) 0(0) 397(341) 613(527) 441(379) 3(3) 245(211)
60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 49(42) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 60(52)
8 40(34) 527(453) 657(565) 345(297) 0(0) 437(376) 36(31) 484(416) 601(517) 316(272) 0(0) 401(345)
77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 52(45) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 66(57)
9 160(138) 549(472) 545(469) 150(129) 0(0) 576(495) 149(128) 511(439) 507(436) 140(120) 0(0) 555(460)
90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 52(45) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 69(59)
10 278(239) 507(436) 356(306) 7(6) 0(0) 685(589) 261(224) 475(408) 333(286) 7(6) 0(0) 640(550)
102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 58(50) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 71(61)
11 359(309) 398(342) 130(112) 0(0) 0(0) 751(646) 337(290) 373(321) 123(106) 0(0) 0(0) 706(607)
108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 58(50) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 78(67)
12 388(334) 235(202) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 773(665) 365(314) 221(190) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 727(625)
110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 110(95) 58(50) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 79(68)
13 359(309) 62(53) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 751(646) 337(290) 57(49) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 706(607)
108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 108(93) 58(50) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 115(99) 78(67)
14 278(239) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 685(589) 261(224) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 640(550)
102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 58(50) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 71(61)
15 160(138) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 576(495) 149(128) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 555(460)
90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 90(77) 52(45) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 69(59)
16 40(34) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 3(3) 437(376) 36(31) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 401(345)
77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 77(66) 52(45) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 81(70) 66(57)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 3(3) 276(237) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 3(3) 245(211)
60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 60(52) 49(42) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 64(55) 60(52)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 85(73) 116(100) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 73(63) 100(86)
42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 42(36) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 43(37) 47(40)
174
Transparency 3 4
Grade
6 0(0) 219(188) 456(392) 398(342) 64(55) 87(75) 0(0) 181(156) 378(325) 330(284) 53(46) 73(63)
49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 59(51) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 64(55)
7 0(0) 351(302) 544(468) 391(336) 3(3) 217(187) 0(0) 304(261) 470(404) 337(290) 2(2) 188(162)
66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 69(59) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 80(69)
8 33(28) 440(378) 547(470) 287(247) 0(0) 364(313) 29(25) 387(333) 483(415) 254(218) 0(0) 321(276)
87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 81(70) 88(70) 88(70) 88(70) 88(70) 88(70) 92(79)
9 137(118) 470(404) 468(402) 129(111) 0(0) 493(424) 123(106) 423(364) 421(362) 116(100) 0(0) 444(382)
102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 87(75) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 101(87)
10 241(207) 440(378) 308(265) 6(5) 0(0) 593(510) 221(190) 402(346) 281(242) 6(5) 0(0) 543(467)
112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 90(77) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 109(94)
11 341(270) 347(298) 114(98) 0(0) 0(0) 656(564) 287(217) 317(273) 105(90) 0(0) 0(0) 601(517)
117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 90(77) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 109(94)
12 340(292) 206(177) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 676(581) 312(268) 188(162) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 620(533)
120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 90(77) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 109(94)
13 314(270) 53(46) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 656(564) 287(247) 49(42) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 601(517)
117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 117(101) 90(77) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 124(107) 109(94)
14 241(207) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 593(510) 221(190) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 543(467)
112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 112(96) 90(77) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 119(102) 109(94)
15 137(118) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 493(424) 123(106) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 444(382)
102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 102(88) 87(75) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 105(90) 101(87)
16 33(28) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 364(313) 29(25) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 321(276)
87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 87(75) 81(70) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 88(76) 92(79)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 3(3) 217(187) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 2(2) 188(162)
66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 66(57) 69(59) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 70(60) 80(69)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 64(55) 87(75) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 53(46) 73(63)
49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 59(51) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 49(42) 64(55)
Transparency 5 6
Grade
6 0(0) 150(129) 312(268) 273(235) 44(38) 60(52) 0(0) 113(97) 236(203) 206(177) 33(28) 45(39)
48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 65(56) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 69(59)
7 0(0) 262(225) 406(349) 292(251) 2(2) 163(140) 0(0) 217(187) 336(289) 242(208) 2(2) 135(116)
73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 92(79) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 106(91)
8 26(22) 345(297) 430(370) 227(195) 0(0) 287(247) 22(19) 291(250) 362(311) 191(164) 0(0) 241(207)
94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 108(93) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 121(104)
9 113(97) 388(334) 386(332) 107(92) 0(0) 408(351) 98(84) 334(287) 331(285) 91(78) 0(0) 349(300)
113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 121(104) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 141(121)
10 206(177) 374(322) 263(226) 6(5) 0(0) 506(435) 179(154) 337(281) 229(197) 5(4) 0(0) 442(380)
127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 128(110) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 156(134)
11 269(231) 297(255) 98(84) 0(0) 0(0) 561(482) 236(203) 262(225) 86(74) 0(0) 0(0) 495(426)
134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 131(113) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 162(139)
12 291(250) 177(152) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 579(498) 257(221) 156(134) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 513(441)
136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 136(117) 133(114) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 148(127) 163(140)
13 269(231) 45(39) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 561(482) 236(203) 41(25) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 495(426)
134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 134(115) 131(113) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 145(125) 162(139)
14 206(177) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 506(435) 179(154) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 442(380)
127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 127(109) 128(110) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 137(118) 156(134)
15 113(97) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 408(351) 98(84) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 349(300)
113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 113(97) 121(104) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 120(103) 141(121)
16 26(22) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) )287(247) 22(19) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 241(207)
94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 94(81) 108(93) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 98(84) 121(104)
17 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 2(2) 163(140) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 2(2) 135(116)
73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 73(63) 92(79) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 79(68) 106(91)
18 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 44(33) 60(52) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 33(28) 45(39)
48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 65(56) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 48(41) 69(59)
朝向 S SW W NW N H S SW W NW N H
Appendix VI Air Transparency Profile for Air Conditioning in Summer
[图见原文第 1320176 页，译文如下：]
Attached profile 6 · 1 Air Transparency Profile for Air Conditioning in Summer

Appendix VII Heat Consumption for Heating the Cold Air Penetrating into
the Room through the Gaps of Doors and Windows
(I) For multistoried and high-rise civil buildings, as well as the production auxiliary buildings, the heat
consumption for heating the cold air penetrating into the room through the gaps of doors and windows may
be determined through calculation with the following formulas:
1. Cold air heat consumption is calculated with the following formula:
Q = cpL1(tn-twn)wnm (appendix 7·11)
Where: Q  Heat consumption of the cold air penetrating into the room through the gaps of doors and
windows (W);
cp  Specific heat volume at constant pressure of the air [1kJ/(kg · oC) ][0.24kcal/(kg · oC)];
  Coefficient for unit conversion, for statutory measuring units,  = 0.28; for customary non-
statutory measuring units,  = 1;
L Volume of air entering the room through the gaps of doors and windows, under the independent
effect of air pressure at reference height (10m), [m3/(m · h)]. When the measured data is not
available, the data in attached table 7 ·1 may be used, based on the average outdoor wind
velocity in winter;
l  Calculated length of door and window gaps (m), shall be calculated respectively as the length of
total gaps on the doors and windows open to each orientation;
tn Calculated temperature outside the heated room ( oC), to be determined as per article 2·1·1 of this
code;
twn Calculated temperature outside the heated room ( oC)，to be adopted as per appendix II of this
code;
wn Air density under the calculated temperature outside the heated room (kg/m 3);
m Under the combined action of air pressure and thermal pressure, the comprehensive correction
factor of cold air volume penetrating through doors and windows of different heights and
towards different orientations, to be determined as per formula (appendix 7·12) in this
appendix.
2. The comprehensive correction factor of permeable cold air volume may be calculated with the following
formula:
m = [n+(1+C)b-1] (0.4h0.4)b (appendix 7 · 12)
Where: n  Orientation correction factor of permeable cold air volume, under the independent effect of air
pressure, to be adopted as per appendix VIII of this code;
b  Index, b = 0.56~0.78, when the measured data is not available, b = 0.67 may be used.
C Effective thermal pressure difference to effective air pressure ratio, to be determined as per
formula (appendix 7 · 13) of this appendix.
h Calculated center line elevation of doors and windows (m) (when h 10m, the value of h shall be
taken as 10 m).
Penetrating Air Volume through per Meter of Gaps on the Doors and Windows [m 3/(m · h)]
Attached table 7·1

Type of doors and Average outdoor wind velocity in winter (m/s)
windows
1 2 3 4 5 6
Single wooden window 1.0 2.0 3.1 4.3 5.5 6.7
Double wooden window 0.7 1.4 2.2 3.0 3.9 4.7
Single steel window 0.6 1.5 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.7
Double steel window 0.4 1.1 1.8 2.7 3.6 4.7
Aluminum austral window 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.6 2.3 2.9
Aluminum horizontal 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8

opened window
Note: ① The penetrated air volume through per meter of exterior door gap is twice of that of the same type of exterior
window.
② When sealing strips are used, the values in the table may be multiplied with a factor of 0.5~0.6.
3. The effective thermal pressure difference to effective air pressure ratio may be calculated with the
following formula:
tntwn
C=50 Cr(hzh)  (appendix 7 · 13)
Cfv02h0.4 273+ tn
Where: cr Thermal pressure coefficient, when the measured data is not available, value c r = 0.2~0.5 may
be taken, according to the internal partition and ventilation conditions of the building;
cf Air pressure coefficient, when the measured data is not available, cf = 0.7 may be taken;
hz Elevation of the neutral interface under the independent effect of thermal pressure (m), may be
taken as half of the total height of the building;
V0  Average outdoor wind velocity in winter (m/s), to be adopted as per appendix II of this code;
t’n  Calculated shaft temperature, where the thermal pressure effect is formed in the building ( oC);
twn Same as in formula (appendix 7 · 1 1);
h  Center line elevation of doors and windows (m) (when h 10m, the value of h in the
denominator shall be taken as 10m).
Note: ① For buildings of six storeys or less than six storeys, the heat consumption for heating the cold air penetrating into
the room through the gaps of doors and windows may be calculated approximately with the following formula:
Q = cpL1(tn+twn)wnn (appendix 7 · 14)

Where: n  Same as in formula (appendix 7 · 12);
The meaning of other symbols are the same as those in formula (appendix 7 · 11).
② When C  -1 or m  0, the heat consumption of cold air permeation may not counted.
(II) For the production buildings, the heat consumption for heating the cold air penetrating into the room
through the gaps of doors and windows may be estimated according to the attached table 7 · 2.
Percentage of the Permeation Heat Consumption to the Total Building Enclosure Heat Consumption
Attached table 7 · 2
Building height 4.5 4.5~10.0 10.0
(m)
Layer of percentage
casement window (%)
Single layer 25 35 40
With both single and 20 30 35
double layer
Double layer 15 25 30
Appendix VIII Value n of the Orientation Correction Factor for
Penetrating Cold Air Flow
Value of the Orientation Correction Factor n
Attached table 8.1
Location area and name Orientations
of the station N NE E SE S SW W NW
Beijing Beijing 1.00 0.50 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.40 1.00
Tianjin Tianjin 1.00 0.40 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.40 1.00
Tanggu 0.90 0.55 0.55 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.70 1.00
Hebei Chengde 0.70 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.40 1.00 1.00
Province Zhang 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.35 1.00
Jiakou
Tangshan 0.60 0.45 0.65 0.45 0.20 0.65 1.00 1.00
Baodin 1.00 0.70 0.35 0.35 0.90 0.90 0.46 0.40
Shi 1.00 0.70 0.50 0.65 0.50 0.55 0.85 0.90
Jiazhuang
Xintai 1.00 0.70 0.35 0.50 0.70 0.50 0.30 0.70
Shanxi Datong 1.00 0.55 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.30 0.40 1.00
Province Yanquan 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.35 0.85 1.00
Taiyuan 0.90 0.50 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.70 1.00
Yangcheng 0.70 0.15 0.30 0.25 0.10 0.25 0.70 1.00
Nei Monggol Tongliao 0.70 0.20 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.40 0.85 1.00
Autonomous Huhehaote 0.70 0.25 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.70 1.00
Region

Attached table 8.1 continuous
Location area and Orientations
name of the station N NE E SE S SW W NW
Liaoning Fushun 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.30 0.30
Province Shenyang 1.00 0.70 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.70
Jinzhou 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.20 0.70
Anshan 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.25 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.55
Yinkou 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.20 0.45 0.45 0.20 0.40
Dandong 1.00 0.55 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.40 1.00
Jilin Dalian 1.00 0.70 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.70
Province Tongyu 0.60 0.40 0.15 0.35 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00
Changch 0.35 0.35 0.15 0.25 0.70 0.70 0.90 0.40
un
Heilongjia Yanji 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 1.00 1.00
ng Aihui 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.70 1.00
Province Qiqihaer 0.95 0.70 0.25 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.70 1.00
Hegang 0.50 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 1.00 1.00
Haerbing 0.30 0.15 0.20 0.70 1.00 1.00 0.70 0.60
Suifenhe 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 1.00 0.70
Shanghai Shanghai 0.70 0.50 0.35 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.80 1.00
Jiangsu Lian 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.40
Province Yungang
Xuzhou 0.55 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.20 0.35 0.45 0.65
Huaiyin 0.90 1.00 0.70 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.60
Nantong 0.90 0.65 0.45 0.25 0.20 0.25 0.70 1.00
Nanjing 0.80 1.00 0.70 0.40 0.20 0.25 0.40 0.55
Wujin 0.80 0.80 0.60 0.60 0.25 0.50 1.00 1.00
Zhejiang Hangzhou 1.00 0.65 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.40 1.00
Province Ningbo 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.60 1.00
Jinhua 0.20 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25
Quzhou 0.45 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.10
Anhui Haoxian 1.00 0.70 0.40 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.70
Province Bangbu 0.70 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.30 0.35 0.45 0.45
Hefei 0.85 0.90 0.85 0.35 0.35 0.25 0.70 1.00
Luan 0.70 0.50 0.45 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.70 1.00
Wuhu 0.60 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.10 0.60 0.90 0.65
Anqing 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.25
Tunxi 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.15
Fujian Fuzhou 0.75 0.60 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.70 1.00
Province

Attached table 8.1 Continuous
name of the station N NE E SE S SW 0.35W NW
Jianxi Jiujiang 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.30
Province Jin Dezhen 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.35 0.10 0.70
Nanchang 1.00 0.70 0.25 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.70
Ganzhou 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.60 0.70
Shandon Yantai 1.00 0.60 0.25 0.15 0.35 0.60 0.70 1.00
g Laiyang 0.85 0.60 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.25 0.90 1.00
Province Weifang 0.90 0.60 0.25 0.35 0.50 0.35 0.25 1.00
Jinan 0.45 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.55 0.55 0.40 0.15
Qindao 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.00
Heze 1.00 0.90 0.40 0.25 0.35 0.35 0.20 0.70
Linyi 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.40
Henan Anyang 1.00 0.70 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.35 0.30 0.70
Province Xinxiang 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.25 0.15 0.30 1.00 0.15
Zhenzhou 0.65 0.90 0.65 0.15 0.20 0.40 1.00 1.00
Luoyang 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.15 0.10 0.40 0.35 1.00
Xuchang 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.10 0.50
Nanyang 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.40 0.10
Zu Madian 1.00 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10 1.00
Xinyang 1.00 0.70 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.70
Hubei Guanghua 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.35 0.20 0.10 0.40 0.60
Province Wuhan 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.45
Jianglin 1.00 0.70 0.20 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.70
Enshi 1.00 0.70 0.35 0.35 0.50 0.35 0.20 0.70
Hunan Changsha 0.85 0.35 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.70 1.00
Province Hengyang 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.30
Guangdog Guangzhou 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.70
Province
Guangxi Guilin 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.40
Zhuang Nanning 0.40 1.00 1.00 0.60 0.30 0.55 0.10 0.30
autonomous
Region
Sichuan Ganzi 0.75 0.50 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.70 1.00 0.70
Province Chongqing 1.00 0.60 0.55 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.20 1.00
Chengdu 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.40
Guizhou Weining 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.15 0.45
Province Guiyang 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.15 0.25 0.15 0.10 0.25

Yunnan Shaotong 1.00 0.70 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.70
Province Kunming 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.20
Xizang Naqu 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.10 0.35 0.90 1.00 1.00
Autono Lasa 0.15 0.45 0.45 1.00 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.25
mous
Region
Linzhi 0.25 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.25 0.15
Shanxi Yulin 1.00 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.15 0.40 1.00
Province Baoji 0.10 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.15
Xian 0.70 1.00 1.00 0.25 0.40 0.50 0.35 0.25
Gansu Lanzhou 1300 1.00 1.00 0.70 0.50 0.20 0.15 0.50
Province Pingliang 0.80 0.40 0.40 0.85 0.35 0.70 1.00 1.00
Tianshui 0.20 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.15
Qinghai Xining 0.10 0.10 0.10 1.00 0.70 0.10 0.10 0.10
Province Gonghe 1.00 0.70 0.70 0.25 0.25 0.35 0.50 0.50
Ningxia Shi 1.00 0.95 0.95 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.40 1.00
Hui zhuishan
Autono Yinchuan 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.65 0.95
mous Guyuan 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.40 0.70 1.00
Region

Xinjiang Aletai 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.35
Uygur Kelamayi 0.70 0.55 0.55 0.25 0.10 0.10 0.70 1.00
Autonom
ous
Urumqi 0.35 0.35 0.55 0.75 1.00 0.70 0.25 0.35
Region Tunufan 1.00 0.70 0.65 0.55 0.35 0.25 0.15 0.70
Hami 0.70 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
Keshi 0.70 0.60 0.40 0.25 0.10 0.10 0.70 1.00
Note: The values listed in the table may be adjusted according to the actual situation of the construction area, when based on
the foundation of facts.
Appendix IX Calculation of Natural Ventilation
(I) The air rate of natural ventilation shall be calculated with the following formula:
Q
G= (appendix 9 · 11)
cp(tp-twf)
or mQ
G= (appendix 9 · 12)
cp(tn-twf)
Where: G Ventilation air rate (kg/h)
Q Total sensible heat capacity of heat dissipating into the room (W);
cp Specific heat volume at constant pressure of the air [1kJ/(kg · oC) ][0.24kcal/(kg · oC)];
  Coefficient for unit conversion, for statutory measuring units,  = 0.28; for customary non-
statutory measuring units,  = 1;
tp Exhaust temperature (oC), to be determined according to the item II of this appendix;
tn Room temperature of working place (oC), to be adopted as per article 2 · 1 · 4 of this code;
twf Calculated temperature outside the ventilated room in summer ( oC), to be determined as per
article 2 · 2 · 3 of this code;
m Effective coefficient of heat dissipating capacity, to be determined according to the item III of
this appendix.
Note: When determining the natural ventilation air rate, the influence of mechanical ventilation also shall be considered.
(II) The temperature at the air exhaust shall be adopted with the following stipulations respectively,
according to the corresponding situations.
1. When the conditions permit, the value may be determined according to the allowable temperature
difference of the calculated temperature outside the ventilated room in summer;
2. When the heat dissipating capacity is well distributed, and is no greater than 116W/m 3, the value may be
calculated with the following formula:
tp = tn + ΔtH (H-2) (appendix 9 · 22)
Where:
ΔtH  Temperature ramp (oC/m), to be adopted as per attached table 9 · 2;
H  Height from the center of air exhaust to the floor level (m);
The meaning of other symbols are the same as those in formula (appendix 9 · 1).
ΔtH Value of Temperature Ramp (oC/m)
Attached table 9.2
Heat dissipating Height of the factory building (m)

capacity in the room
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
W/m3[kcal/(m3 · h)]
12~23(10~20) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
24~47(20~40) 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4
48~70(41~60) 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5
71~93(61~80) - 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9
94~116(81~100) - - - 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3
3. When adopting the value m, the temperature at the air exhaust may be calculated with the following
formula:
tn－twf
Tp= twf+ （appendix 9 · 22）
M
Where: The meaning of each symbol is the same as formula（appendix 9 · 21~2）
(III) Value m, the effective coefficient of heat dissipating capacity, should be adopted according to the
actual measured data of a similar building and process arrangement, when the actual measured data is not
available, the value m of a single bay production building may be calculated with the following formula:
m = m1m2m3 (appendix 9 · 3)
Where:
m1  Coefficient determined as per attached diagram 9 · 3, based on the ratio of the occupied floor area of
heat source f to the total floor area F;
m2  Coefficient determined as per the attached table 9 · 31, based on the height of heat sources;
m3  Coefficient determined as per the attached table 9 · 32, based on the ratio of the radiant heat
dissipating capacity of heat sources Qf to the total heat dissipating capacity Q.
Coefficient Attached table 9 · 31
Height of heat 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
sources (m)
m2 1.0 0.85 0.75 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5
Coefficient Attached table 9 · 32

Qf/Q 0.40 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7
m3 1.00 1.03 1.07 1.12 1.18 1.30 1.45
(V) The area of air inlet and air exhaust shall be determined with the following formula:
Where:
Fj, Fp Area of the air inlet and area of the air of the air exhaust respectively (m 2);
Gj, Gp Inlet air rate and exhaust air rate (kg/h);
hi, hp Difference of elevation between the center of the air inlet and the neutral interface, difference of
elevation between the center of the air exhaust and the neutral interface, respectively;
wf  Air density under the calculated temperature outside the ventilated room in summer (kg/m 3);
p  Air density under the temperature of air exhausting (kg/m3);
np Average air density in the room (kg/m 3), adopted as the mean value of the air densities in the working
area and at the air exhaust;
j, p Local resistance coefficient of air inlet and air exhuast respectively;
g  Gravitational acceleration (9.81m/s2).

Appendix X Calculation of Systematic Local Air Supply
(I) The air flow width at the working place shall be determined with the following formula:
ds = 6.8(as + 0.145d0) (appendix 10.1)
Where:
ds Width of the air flow sent to the working place(m);
a  The turbulence factor at the air outlet, for round air outlet, 0.076 is taken, for rotating air outlet, 0.087
is taken;
s  Distance from the air outlet to the working place (m);
d0 Diameter of the air outlet (m), for air outlet of rectangular section, [ 公式见原文第 1320191 页 ]
(where A and B are the length of respective sides of the rectangular air outlet).
(II) The outlet air rate at the air outlet shall be calculated with the following formula:
Vg as
V0 = ( + 0.145) (appendix 10.2)
b d0
Where:
V0  Outlet air rate at the air outlet (m/s);
Vg Average air velocity at the working place (m/s), adopted as per article 4 · 3 · 7 of this code;
b  Coefficient, to be determined according to the attached diagram 10 · 2;
The meaning of other symbols are the same as those in formula (appendix 10 · 1).
[图见原文第 132019 页，译文如下]
1）Attached diagram 10.2 Coefficient b and c
Note: In the diagram dg width of the working place (m)
ds width of the air flow sent to the working place (m).
(III) The supply air rate shall be calculated with the following formula:
L = 3600F0v0 (appendix 10 · 3)
Where:
L  Supply air rate (m3/h);
F0 Effective sectional area of the air outlet (m2);
v0 Same as in formula (appendix 10 · 2).
(V) The outlet temperature of the air outlet shall be determined with the following formula:
[公式见原文第 1320193 页] （appendix 10 · 4）

Where:
t0 Outlet temperature of the air outlet (oC);
tn Room temperature around the working place (oC);
tg Average temperature of air sent to the working place ( oC), determined as per article 4 · 3 · 7 of this
code;
c Coefficient, to be determined according to the attached diagram 10 · 2;
The meaning other symbols are the same as those in formula (appendix 10 · 1).
Note: For cold air supply, in case the calculated outlet temperature at air outlet is too low, an air outlet of bigger size may be
selected, and the related parameters to be redetermined.
Appendix XI Minimum Air Velocity in the Dedusting Air Duct
Minimum Air Velocity in the Dedusting Air Duct (m/s)

Attached list 11.1
Type of dust Name of dust Vertical air duct Horizontal air duct
Fiber dusts Dry saw dust, small pieces of 10 12
wood wool, textile dust
Wood bits, wood wool 12 14
Dry wool from rough-planing, big 14 16
pieces of dry wood bits
Wet wool from rough-planing, big 18 20
pieces of wet wood bits
Cotton fiber 8 10
Flax 11 13
Asbestos dust 12 18
Mineral dusts Refractory dust 14 17

Clay 13 16
Limestone 14 16
Cement 12 13
Wet soil (with water content below 15 18
2%)
Dust of heavy-mineral 14 16
Dust of light-mineral 12 14
Dirt, dust 16 18
Dry and fine sand 17 20
Corundum schmigel 15 19
Metal dusts Steel and iron dust 13 15

Steel and iron bits 19 23
Lead dust 20 25
Other dusts Light dry dust (dust from wood 8 10

grinder, tobacco ash)
Coal dust 11 13
Coke dust 14 18
Grain dust 10 12
Appendix XII Conversion Table for Statutory Measuring Unit and
Customary Non-statutory Measuring Unit
Conversion Table for Statutory Measuring Unit and Customary Non-statutory Measuring Unit
Attached table 12.1
Statutory name of Unit and symbol of the magnitude Conversion relation
the magnitude
Statutory unit Customary non-
statutory unit
Heat discharge W kcal/h 1kcal/h = 1.163W
Radiant W/m2 kcal/(m2  h) 1kcal/(m2  h) = 1.163W/m2
illumination
Coefficient of heat W/(m2 · oC) kcal/(m2  h  oC) 1kcal/(m2  h  oC) = 1.163W/(m2  oC)
transmission
Coefficient of heat m2  oC/W m2  h  oC/kcal 1m2  h  oC/kcal = 0.86m2  oC/W
insulation
Specific heat kJ/(kg  oC) kcal/(kg  oC) 1kcal/(kg  oC) = 4.1868kJ/(kg  oC)
volume
Pressure Pa mmH2O 1mmH2O = 9.80665Pa
mmHg 1mmHg = 133.322Pa
mbar 1mbar = 100Pa
Appendix XIII Forms of Verbs Used in This Code
(I) For the verbs concerning the extent of executing the articles, the following forms will be used:
1. The forms of verbs used to express very strict requirements that must be followed:
Positive verb: “must”
Negative verb: “ it is forbidden”
2. The forms of verbs used to express strict requirements that shall be followed under normal situations:
Positive verb: “shall”
Negative verb: “shall not” or “ it is not allowed”
3. The forms of verbs used to express one option with slight possibilities to be substituted by other options,
which shall prevail over others when the conditions permit:
Positive verb: “should” or “may”
Negative verb: “ should not”
(II) For the standards, codes, and other regulations mentioned in the articles, which must be strictly
observed, the expression is “ shall observe... ...” or “shall comply with the requirements or stipulations
of ......”. For standards, codes, and other regulations which are not necessary to be observed, the expression
is “ to execute with reference to ... ...”.
Additional Explanations
List of the Chief Editing Unit, Participating Units and Major Draftsmen for this Code
Chief editing unit: Beijing Non-ferrous Mental Design and Research Institute
Participating units: Beijing Architectural Design Institute
Architectural Design and Research Institute of Henan Province

Xian Metallurgical Architectural College
Meteorological Science Research Institute of National Weather Bureau
Xinjiang Architectural Reconnaissance Design Institute
Haerbing Civil Engineering Institute
China Northeast Architectural Design Institute
Design and Research Institute of the Ministry of Machine-building and Electronics

Industries
North China Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Energy
Anshan Jiaohua Refractory Design Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry
No.10 Design and Research Institute of the Ministry of Machine-building and

Electronics Industries
Architectural Design Institute of Guizhou Province
Architectural Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction

Ministry of Aviation and Aerospace Industry No.4 Design and Research Institute of
Planning
East China Architectural Design Institute
The Air Conditioning Research Institute of China Architectural Science Academy
(According to the sequence of responsible chapters)

Major draftsmen: Wu Dinyang, Na Jingcheng, Shi Yunzhi, Mao Weiguo, Li Hailin,
Zhu Ruizhao, Peng Meidong, Guo Jun, Dong Zhongcheng, Guo Kechang,
Cai Wenyuan, Dong Jilin, Zhang Kesong, Tu Changrong, Wei Yikuan,
Sun Yanxun, Tian Zhanfang, Liu Xinjie, Cui Wenfu, Wang Zhizhong,
Zhai Guirong (According to the sequence of responsible chapters)

GBJ 19-87 Design Codes For HVAC Part II

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Chapter VII Automatic Control

Section I General specifications

Section I General specifications

Table 8·1·4 Air Velocity in the Air Duct (m/s)

Allowable room noise level

Term Used term Definition

Parameter The magnitude indicating a certain important feature of any

Overall heating The heating system installed to meet a certain temperature

Single unit local air supply  using axial ventilation fan to

Systematic local air supply  using ventilation fans to blow

Wet work An operation method of humidifying the materials to prevent

Air conditioning The technique of brining the temperature, humidity,

Allowable Within the period required for certain specified parameters

Allowable The abbreviation of allowable fluctuation range of indoor

Refrigeration Cooling The technique of using artificial methods to achieve a lower

Automatic control The essential approach to realize automation of the

Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (I)

Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (II)

Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (III)

Outdoor Meteorological Parameters (I)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

Annual Outdoor calculated (dry bulb) temperature (oC)

twn = 0.57tlp + 0.43tp  min (appendix 31)

Where twn  Calculated temperature outside the heated room (oC);

tp  min Minimum average daily temperature over the years (oC).

twk = 0.30tlp + 0.70tp  min (appendix 32)

tlp , tp  min Same as those in formula (appendix 31)

twf = 0.71trp + 0.29t max (appendix 33)

tmax Extreme maximum temperature over the years (oC).

twg = 0.47trp + 0.53t max (appendix 34)

trp , tmax Same as those in formula (appendix 33).

tws = 0.72ts · rp + 0.28ts  max (appendix 35  1)

tws = 0.75ts · rp + 0.25ts  max (appendix 35  2)

tws = 0.80ts · rp + 0.20ts  max (appendix 35  3)

tw = 0.80trp + 0.20t max (appendix 36)

trp , tmax Same as those in formula (appendix 33).

[图见原文第 1320176 页，译文如下：]

Attached profile 6 · 1 Air Transparency Profile for Air Conditioning in Summer

1. Cold air heat consumption is calculated with the following formula:

Q = cpL1(tn-twn)wnm (appendix 7·11)

Attached table 7·1

Single wooden window 1.0 2.0 3.1 4.3 5.5 6.7

Double wooden window 0.7 1.4 2.2 3.0 3.9 4.7

Single steel window 0.6 1.5 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.7

Double steel window 0.4 1.1 1.8 2.7 3.6 4.7

Aluminum austral window 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.6 2.3 2.9

Aluminum horizontal 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8

twn Same as in formula (appendix 7 · 1 1);

Q = cpL1(tn+twn)wnn (appendix 7 · 14)

Value of the Orientation Correction Factor n

Value of the Orientation Correction Factor n

Value of the Orientation Correction Factor n