Laboratory Course Report CE660: Cad in Structural Engineering

LABORATORY COURSE REPORT
CE660:
CAD IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
N RAVI NAIK
203219013
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Technology in
Structural Engineering
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY: TIRUCHIRAPPALLI – 620015
JULY 2020
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY: TIRUCHIRAPPALLI – 620015
CERTIFICATE
Name: N RAVI NAIK Roll No: 203219013
This is certified to be bonafide work of the student in the laboratory course “CE660 CAD
in Structural Engineering” during the academic year 2019-20. The contents of this laboratory
course report contain exercises that were performed in the computing facility of the National
Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli. The report has not been submitted elsewhere either fully
or partially in any form.
Faculty In-charge
InternalExaminer ExternalExaminer
Date of viva voce: 18.07.2020

LIST OF EXERCISES
S. No Name of Exercise Page No Marks
Design of Dome
a. Structural modelling 4-15

1
b. Design calculations and procedures 16-21
c. Drawings and detailing 21 `
Programming for Structural Engineering
a. Gauss Elimination Method 22-26
b. Newton Raphson method 27-28

2
28-29
c. Centroid of cold form steel
d. Moment of Resistance vs % 29-33
reinforcement diagram
3 Introduction to Finite Element modelling software 33-36
TOTAL MARKS
Faculty In-charge
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 1
Software licensed to STAAD.Pro Part
CONNECTED User: Not signed in
Job Title Ref
By Date17-Feb-20 Chd
Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15
Job Information
Engineer Checked Approved
Name:
Date: 17-Feb-20
Project ID
Project Name
StructureType SPACEFRAME
Number of Nodes 92 Highest Node 92

Number of Elements 233 Highest Beam 234
Number of Basic Load Cases 3

Number of Combination Load Cases 16
Included in this printout are data for:

All The WholeStructure
Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Type L/C Name
Primary 1 DEAD LOAD

Primary 2 WIND LOAD
Primary 3 sheet load
Combination 4 ULC, 1.5 Dead
Combination 5 ULC, 1.2 Dead + 0.6 Wind
Combination 6 ULC, 1.2 Dead + -0.6 Wind
Combination 15 ULC, 1 Dead
Combination 16 ULC, 1 Dead + 0.8 Wind
Combination 17 ULC, 1 Dead + -0.8 Wind
Combination 18 ULC, 1 Dead + 1 Wind
Combination 19 ULC, 1 Dead + -1 Wind
Section Properties
Prop Section Area Iyy Izz J Material
(in2) (in4) (in4) (in4)
1 ISHB300 11.594 52.687 301.371 0.754 STEEL
Print Time/Date: 20/02/2020 14:31 STAAD.Pro CONNECT Edition 22.00.00.15 Print Run 1 of 12
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 2
Job Title Ref
Materials
Mat Name E  Density 
(kip/in2) (kip/in3) (/°F)
1 STEEL 29E+3 0.300 0.000283 6.5E -6
Supports
Node X Y Z rX rY rZ
(kip/in) (kip/in) (kip/in) (kip-ft/deg) (kip-ft/deg) (kip-ft/deg)
77 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed
Y
X
Z
Load19
Whole Structure
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 3
Job Title Ref
Primary Load Cases

Number Name Type
1 DEAD LOAD Dead

2 WIND LOAD Wind
3 sheet load Roof Live
Combination Load Cases

Comb. Combination L/C Name Primary Primary L/C Name Factor
4 ULC, 1.5 Dead 1 DEAD LOAD 1.50

5 ULC, 1.2 Dead + 0.6 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.20
2 WIND LOAD 0.60
6 ULC, 1.2 Dead + -0.6 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.20
2 WIND LOAD -0.60
2 WIND LOAD 1.20
2 WIND LOAD -1.20
2 WIND LOAD 1.50
2 WIND LOAD -1.50
2 WIND LOAD 1.50
2 WIND LOAD -1.50
15 ULC, 1 Dead 1 DEAD LOAD 1.00
16 ULC, 1 Dead + 0.8 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.00
2 WIND LOAD 0.80
17 ULC, 1 Dead + -0.8 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.00
2 WIND LOAD -0.80
18 ULC, 1 Dead + 1 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.00
2 WIND LOAD 1.00
19 ULC, 1 Dead + -1 Wind 1 DEAD LOAD 1.00
2 WIND LOAD -1.00
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 4
Job Title Ref
Y
X
Z
Load 2
wind load
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 5
Job Title Ref
Y
X
Z
Load 3
sheet load
1 DEAD LOAD :Selfweight

Direction Factor Assigned Geometry
Y -1.000 1 - 208, 210 - 234
2 WIND LOAD : NodeLoads

Node FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
1 0.642 - - - - -
2 1.280 - - - - -
3 0.642 - - - - -
4 1.280 - - - - -
5 0.642 - - - - -
6 1.280 - - - - -
3.000 - - - - -
7 1.504 - - - - -
8 3.000 - - - - -
9 1.504 - - - - -
10 3.000 - - - - -
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 6
Job Title Ref
2 WIND LOAD : Node Loads Cont...

11 1.280 - - - - -
12 0.642 - - - - -
13 1.280 - - - - -
14 0.642 - - - - -
15 1.280 - - - - -
16 0.642 - - - - -
17 0.642 - - - - -
18 1.280 - - - - -
19 0.642 - - - - -
20 1.280 - - - - -
21 0.642 - - - - -
22 3.000 - - - - -
23 1.504 - - - - -
24 3.000 - - - - -
25 1.504 - - - - -
26 1.504 - - - - -
27 3.000 - - - - -
28 0.991 - - - - -
29 1.983 - - - - -
30 0.991 - - - - -
31 1.983 - - - - -
32 0.991 - - - - -
33 1.983 - - - - -
34 0.991 - - - - -
35 0.991 - - - - -
36 1.983 - - - - -
37 0.991 - - - - -
38 1.983 - - - - -
39 0.991 - - - - -
40 1.983 - - - - -
41 0.991 - - - - -
42 1.983 - - - - -
43 0.991 - - - - -
44 1.504 - - - - -
45 3.000 - - - - -
46 1.280 - - - - -
47 1.280 - - - - -
48 1.280 - - - - -
49 1.280 - - - - -
50 1.280 - - - - -
3.000 - - - - -
51 3.000 - - - - -
52 3.000 - - - - -
53 3.000 - - - - -
54 1.983 - - - - -
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 7
Job Title Ref
2 WIND LOAD : Node LoadsCont...

55 1.983 - - - - -
56 1.983 - - - - -
57 1.983 - - - - -
58 3.000 - - - - -
59 3.000 - - - - -
60 3.000 - - - - -
61 3.000 - - - - -
62 3.000 - - - - -
63 3.000 - - - - -
64 3.000 - - - - -
65 3.000 - - - - -
66 3.000 - - - - -
67 3.000 - - - - -
68 3.000 - - - - -
69 3.000 - - - - -
70 3.000 - - - - -
71 3.000 - - - - -
72 3.000 - - - - -
73 3.000 - - - - -
74 3.000 - - - - -
75 3.000 - - - - -
76 3.000 - - - - -
3 sheet load : Node Loads

1 - -0.312 - - - -
2 - -0.622 - - - -
3 - -0.312 - - - -
4 - -0.622 - - - -
5 - -0.312 - - - -
6 - -0.622 - - - -
7 - -0.312 - - - -
8 - -0.622 - - - -
9 - -0.312 - - - -
10 - -0.622 - - - -
11 - -0.622 - - - -
12 - -0.312 - - - -
13 - -0.622 - - - -
14 - -0.312 - - - -
15 - -0.622 - - - -
16 - -0.312 - - - -
17 - -0.312 - - - -
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 8
Job Title Ref
3 sheet load : Node Loads Cont...

18 - -0.622 - - - -
19 - -0.312 - - - -
20 - -0.622 - - - -
21 - -0.312 - - - -
22 - -0.622 - - - -
23 - -0.312 - - - -
24 - -0.622 - - - -
25 - -0.312 - - - -
26 - -0.312 - - - -
27 - -0.622 - - - -
28 - -0.312 - - - -
29 - -0.622 - - - -
30 - -0.312 - - - -
31 - -0.622 - - - -
32 - -0.312 - - - -
33 - -0.622 - - - -
34 - -0.312 - - - -
35 - -0.312 - - - -
36 - -0.622 - - - -
37 - -0.312 - - - -
38 - -0.622 - - - -
39 - -0.312 - - - -
40 - -0.622 - - - -
41 - -0.312 - - - -
42 - -0.622 - - - -
43 - -0.312 - - - -
44 - -0.312 - - - -
45 - -0.622 - - - -
46 - -0.622 - - - -
47 - -0.622 - - - -
48 - -0.622 - - - -
49 - -0.622 - - - -
50 - -0.622 - - - -
51 - -0.622 - - - -
52 - -0.622 - - - -
53 - -0.622 - - - -
54 - -0.622 - - - -
55 - -0.622 - - - -
56 - -0.622 - - - -
57 - -0.622 - - - -
58 - -0.622 - - - -
59 - -0.622 - - - -
60 - -0.622 - - - -
61 - -0.622 - - - -
62 - -0.622 - - - -
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 9
Job Title Ref
3 sheet load : Node Loads Cont...

63 - -0.622 - - - -
64 - -0.622 - - - -
65 - -0.622 - - - -
66 - -0.622 - - - -
67 - -0.622 - - - -
68 - -0.622 - - - -
69 - -0.622 - - - -
70 - -0.622 - - - -
71 - -0.622 - - - -
72 - -0.622 - - - -
73 - -0.622 - - - -
74 - -0.622 - - - -
75 - -0.622 - - - -
76 - -0.622 - - - -
Node Displacement Summary

Node L/C X Y Z Resultant rX rY rZ
(in) (in) (in) (in) (rad) (rad) (rad)
Max X 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658 0.001 0.000 -0.000
Min X 50 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.635 0.156 0.028 1.643 -0.001 -0.000 0.000
Max Y 50 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.635 0.156 0.028 1.643 -0.001 -0.000 0.000
Min Y 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658 0.001 0.000 -0.000
Max Z 21 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.554 -0.216 0.070 1.571 0.000 -0.000 -0.001
Min Z 21 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.550 0.128 -0.058 1.557 -0.001 -0.000 -0.000
Max rX 7 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.590 -0.075 -0.01724 1.592 0.003 0.000 -0.000
Min rX 7 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.597 -0.009 0.005 1.597 -0.004 -0.001 0.001
Max rY 23 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.533 -0.039 0.012 1.534 0.003 0.001 0.002
Min rY 26 11:ULC, 1.5 De -1.535 0.002 0.004 1.535 0.003 -0.001 -0.001
Max rZ 35 11:ULC, 1.5 De -1.563 0.002 0.031 1.564 -0.001 -0.000 0.006
Min rZ 14 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.542 0.002 0.028 1.542 0.001 0.000 -0.006
Max Rst 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658 0.001 0.000 -0.000
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 10
Job Title Ref
Beam Displacement Detail Summary

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset
Beam L/C d X Y Z Resultant
(m) (in) (in) (in) (in)
Max X 58 10:ULC, 1.5 De 0.941 1.645 -0.247 -0.048 1.665
Min X 58 13:ULC, 0.9 De 0.706 -1.638 0.165 0.035 1.647
Max Y 58 13:ULC, 0.9 De 0.706 -1.638 0.165 0.035 1.647
Min Y 58 10:ULC, 1.5 De 0.941 1.645 -0.247 -0.048 1.665
Max Z 21 10:ULC, 1.5 De 0.447 1.558 -0.225 0.071 1.576
Min Z 230 11:ULC, 1.5 De 3.000 -0.775 -0.006 -0.063 0.778
Max Rst 58 10:ULC, 1.5 De 0.941 1.645 -0.247 -0.048 1.665
Beam End Displacement Summary

Displacements shown in italic indicate the presence of an offset
Beam Node L/C X Y Z Resultant
(in) (in) (in) (in)
Max X 56 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658
Min X 56 50 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.635 0.156 0.028 1.643
Max Y 56 50 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.635 0.156 0.028 1.643
Min Y 56 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658
Max Z 20 21 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.554 -0.216 0.070 1.571
Min Z 20 21 13:ULC, 0.9 De -1.550 0.128 -0.058 1.557
Max Rst 56 50 10:ULC, 1.5 De 1.642 -0.227 -0.037 1.658
Beam End Force Summary

The signs of the forces at end B of each beam have been reversed. For example: this means that the Min Fx entry gives the largest tension
value for an beam.
Axial Shear Torsion Bending
Beam Node L/C Fx Fy Fz Mx My Mz
Max Fx 215 83 10:ULC, 1.5 De 56.203 32.629 -4.837 -0.000 -5.872 -95.142
Min Fx 215 84 13:ULC, 0.9 De -31.780 -32.338 4.956 0.001 -12.576 -26.575
Max Fy 210 9 12:ULC, 0.9 De -2.009 50.132 4.025 -0.001 -7.741 101.055
Min Fy 210 9 11:ULC, 1.5 De 11.475 -50.387 -3.199 0.001 6.058 -101.609
Max Fz 214 41 11:ULC, 1.5 De -14.530 -31.553 12.115 0.000 -23.296 -63.210
Min Fz 214 41 12:ULC, 0.9 De 24.381 32.467 -11.606 -0.000 22.241 65.310
Max Mx 139 41 11:ULC, 1.5 De -4.554 0.228 -0.127 0.098 0.115 0.114
Min Mx 24 24 10:ULC, 1.5 De 11.149 -0.171 0.004 -0.097 -0.028 -0.124
Max My 214 41 12:ULC, 0.9 De 24.381 32.467 -11.606 -0.000 22.241 65.310
Min My 214 41 11:ULC, 1.5 De -14.530 -31.553 12.115 0.000 -23.296 -63.210
Max Mz 211 81 11:ULC, 1.5 De 27.375 -38.318 -1.179 -0.000 -1.263 101.263
Min Mz 210 9 11:ULC, 1.5 De 11.475 -50.387 -3.199 0.001 6.058 -101.609
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 11
Job Title Ref
Reaction Summary
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
Max FX 81 11:ULC, 1.5 De 38.318 27.375 1.179 1.263 -0.000 -101.263
Min FX 81 12:ULC, 0.9 De -38.290 -1.680 -1.300 -1.352 0.000 101.241
Max FY 83 10:ULC, 1.5 De -32.629 56.203 4.837 5.872 -0.000 95.142
Min FY 83 13:ULC, 0.9 De 32.338 -29.841 -4.956 -6.010 0.001 -94.692
Max FZ 83 12:ULC, 0.9 De -32.556 49.612 4.867 5.907 -0.000 95.030
Min FZ 83 11:ULC, 1.5 De 32.265 -23.251 -4.986 -6.044 0.001 -94.579
Max MX 79 13:ULC, 0.9 De 26.646 48.554 4.779 6.034 0.001 -86.371
Min MX 79 10:ULC, 1.5 De -26.217 -21.790 -4.860 -6.132 -0.002 85.668
Max MY 79 13:ULC, 0.9 De 26.646 48.554 4.779 6.034 0.001 -86.371
Min MY 79 10:ULC, 1.5 De -26.217 -21.790 -4.860 -6.132 -0.002 85.668
Max MZ 81 12:ULC, 0.9 De -38.290 -1.680 -1.300 -1.352 0.000 101.241
Min MZ 81 11:ULC, 1.5 De 38.318 27.375 1.179 1.263 -0.000 -101.263
Job No Sheet No Rev
DESIGN OF DOME 12
Job Title Ref
Y
X
Z
Load 19 :Displacement
displacements
Dome Design for Tubular Section
Member Length Compression force Tensile force
AB 1.85 40.97 59.36
AC 2.39 34.17 60.78
Member AB:-
Assume 22 grade.
Lets try 50 Nominal bore light section.
Cross-sectional area (A)=523 (From IS 1161:1998, table1)
Radius of gyration (r) = 20.3 mm
λ = /r = (k*L)/r = (0.7*L)/r = (0.7*1.854*)/20.3 = 63.93
From code IS 806:1968, table-2
L/r 22(kgf/)
60 1002
63.93 X
70 970
By interpolation :- x = 989.424 kgf/
= 989.424*(9.80/100) = 96.963 N/
Load carrying capacity in compression = 523*96.963 = 50.711 KN > 40.97 KN
Hence OK.
Check as tension member:-
Capacity = 523*1250*(9.81/100) =64.132KN > 59.36 KN
Hence OK.
Member AC:-
= load/stress =( 60.78*1000)/(1250*(9.81/100)) = 495.657
Lets try 50 mm nominal bore, light section.
Cross-sectional area (A)=523 (From IS 1161:1998, table1)
Hence, section is SAFE intension.
Check as compression member:-
λ = /r = (k*L)/r = (0.7*L)/r = (0.7*2.39*1000)/19.8 = 84.494
From code IS 806:1968, table-2
L/r 22(kgf/)
90 876
84.494 X
100 814
Byinterpolation:- x=910.13 kgf/
= 910.13*(9.81/100) = 89.28 N/
Load carrying capacity = 89.28*523 =46.69KN > 34.17 KN
Hence,SAFE.
Design of Beam Element
Mz= 101.609 KNm
Fy= 50.3 KN
L = 5.88 m
Zp = (Mz*rm0)/Fy = (101.609*1.1)/250 = 447.0796*1000mm3
For ISMB 300:-
Zpz = 651.74*1000 mm3

Hence SAFE.
Properties of ISMB 400:-
Cross-sectional area = 5860 mm2
Depth of section (h) = 300 mm
Width of flange (b) = 140 mm
Thickness of flange (t) = 13.1 mm
Web thickness (t) = 7.7 mm
Root radius (R) = 14 mm
Iz = 8990 * 10000 mm4

Iy = 486 * 10000 mm4
Elastic section modulus (Zez) = 529 * 1000 mm3
Web depth (d) = h – 2(tf + R) = 300 – 2(13.1+14) = 272.9 mm.

Sectionclassification:- (IS 800:2007,page-18)
(i) b/ tf< 9.4ε
(ii) d/ tw< 84 ε
ε =1
bf= 2b
b = bf/2 = 140/2 = 70 mm
i. b/ t= 70/13.1 = 5.34 <9.4
ii. d/ tw= 272.9/7.7 = 35.44 <84
Therefore, the section is ‘Plastic’.
Shear capacity of section:- (IS 800:2007, page-54)
Va= 515.693 KN
0.6*Va = 0.6*515.693 = 309.416 KN > V = 50.3KN
Hence OK.
Moment capacity of section:- (IS 800:2007, page-53)
Md=148.122 > 101.609 KNm

Hence OK.
Design of base plate
AssumingGradeOfConcreteasM20
fck=20Mpa
Pz
Arequired =
0.45* fck
50.3*1000
= 0.45*20
=5588.88mm 2
Assuming a=100
Aprovided= (300+2a)(250+2a);
=(500*450)
=22500mm2
Ultimate pressure=(Pz/Ap)
(50.3*103)
=(500*450)
= 0.224N/mm2
Thickness of baseplate:
2.5w(a2−0.3b2)
t= mo
s
fy
ts=2.77mm
Sowecanprovide6mmthickbaseplate
Dimensionpfbaseplateare500*450*6mm
CAD LAB PROJECT
ON MATLAB
CODE
GAUSS ELIMINATION METHOD
Theory:
Gauss elimination is an algorithm used in
matrixto solve a system of linear equations. This
method can also be used to find the rank of a matrix,
to calculate the determinant and inverse of a
matrix. It is done by performing a series of row
operationsto achieve what is called as an echelon
form, where an upper triangular matrix is formed.
After that, backward substitution is done to find
the unknowns. This program is written such that, it
will obtain input data from the user and then
will calculate the rank of the augmented matrix,
based on which three types of solutions exist. If the
rank of augmented matrix is equal to the number of
unknowns, it will then proceed to perform the
operations and give the result. If not, it will print
as system has no solution or infinitely many
solutions based on the ranks of augmented matrix
and the unknown matrix. Sample output of all
possible outcomes arepasted.
CODE
clear;clc;
n = input('enter the number of unknowns : ');
fprintf('enter the coefficients including the constant on other side :\n');
a = zeros(n,n+1);
for i = 1 : n
for j = 1 : n+1
a(i,j) = input(' \n = ');
end
end
p = rank(a(1:n,1:n));
q = rank(a);
if p<n
if p<q
fprintf('system has no solutions');
else
fprintf('system has infinitesolutions');
end
else
for j = 1 : n-1
for i = n : -1 : j+1
a(i,:) = a(i,:) - (a(i,j)/a(i-1,j)).*a(i-1,:);
end
end
b(n) = a(n,n+1)/a(n,n);
for i = n-1 : -1 : 1
m = 0;
for j = n : -1 : i+1
m = m + b(j)*a(i,j);
end
b(i) = ((a(i,n+1)-m)/a(i,i));
end
fprintf('the solutions for the given system are ');
b
end
OUTPUT
1 ) X+Y=3, 3X-2Y=4
enter the number of unknowns :
3
enter the coefficients including the constant on other side :
=
1
=
1
=
1
=
10
=
3
=
4
=
7
=
14
=
2
=
5
=
6
=
20
the solutions for the given system are
b=
8 8 -6
2)X-2Y+Z=6,2X+Y-3Z=5,4X-7Y+Z=-1
3
=
1
=
-2
=
1
=
6
=
2
=
1
=
-3
=
5
=
4
=
-7
=
1
=
-1
b=
15.0000 10.4000 11.8000
3) x + y=3, 3x - 2y=4
2
=
1
=
1
=
3
=
3
=
-2
=
4
b=
2 1
NEWTON RAPHSON METHOD
Theory:Thisisamethodusedinnumericalmethodstofind
better approximations of the roots of a real-valued function.
This is aniterative method, where the number of iterations
depend upon how close the value of initial guess is to the
root of the function. This method requires the calculation of
derivative of the given function. The program is written in
such a way that the function is first obtained as an input
in terms of x. Then the initial value and the permissible
error are entered and a maximum of 100 iterations are
provided, which can also be greater than that. Sample results
aregiven
CODE
clear;clc;
g = input('enter the function for which solution is required : ','s');
f = str2func(['@(x)',g]);
h = sym(f);
i = diff(h);
fprintf('enter the initial value for check \n');
a = input('a = ');
m = 0;b = 0;
while(abs(m-a)>0.001)
j = vpa(subs(i,a));
k = f(a);
b = a - (k/j);
m = a;
a = b;
end
fprintf('the approximate solution of the given equation is %f',a);
OUTPUT
1)
enterthefunctionforwhichsolutionisrequired: 2-
x+log(x)
enter the initial value for check
a=
2
the approximate solution of the given equation is 3.146193
2)
enter the function for which solution is required :
2+x*cos(x)
a=
1
the approximate solution of the given equation is 4.218437
3)
enter the function for which solution is required :
cos(x)+sin(x)
a=
3
theapproximatesolutionofthegivenequationis2.356194
CENTROID OF HAT COLD FORM STEEL
CODE
function cen1 = centroid1(h,b,c,t)
cen1 = ((c*t*0.5*t)+((h-t)*(h+t)*t*0.5)+(((0.5*b)-t)*t*(h-0.5*t)))/((c*t)+(((h-
t)*t)+(((0.5*b)-t)*t)));
end
OUTPUT
1) h=30, b=30, c=10, t=1.60
2) h=50, b=40, c=10, t=1.60
3) h=80, b=60, c=15, t=2.0
MOMENT OF RESISTANCE VS
%REINFORCEMENT DIAGRAM
CODE
clear;clc;
fprintf('enter the characterstic strengths of concrete and steel \n');
fc = input('Characteristic Strength of Concrete,fck = ');
fy = input('Characteristic Strength of Steel,fy = ');
k = fy/fc;
for m = [1:10,11:5:50,50:10:200,210:20:800,810:50:1250]
x = 1;
dp = [];pt = [];
for p = 0.1 : 0.1 : 1.3
o = ((m*1000)/(0.87*fy *(p/100)*(1-1.005*k*(p/100))));
d = 0.1*sqrt(o);
dp(x) = d;
pt(x) = p;
x = x+1;
end
yyaxis left;
plot(pt,dp,'r');
hold on;
ylabel('effective depth in cm');
yyaxis right;
plot(1.4,m,'r');
hold on;
end
xlabel('Reinforcement % ');
ylabel('moment in knm');
title('Moment of resistance per unit meter width');
h = 0.25;
for i = 1 : 55
b(i) = h + 0.05;
h = b(i);
g(i) = ((0.87*fy - (sqrt((0.7569*fy*fy)-(3.4974*k*fy*b(i)))))/(1.7487*k*fy));
end
t = table(b',100*g');
t.Properties.VariableNames = {'Mu_bd2' 'Pt'};
disp(t);
OUTPUT
1)
enter the characterstic strengths of concrete and steel
Characteristic Strength of Concrete,fc =
35
Characteristic Strength of Steel,fy =
415
MU_BD2 PT
0.3 0.08393
0.35 0.098086
0.4 0.11229
0.45 0.12654
0.5 0.14085
0.55 0.1552
0.6 0.16961
0.65 0.18407
0.7 0.19858
0.75 0.21314
0.8 0.22776
0.85 0.24243
0.9 0.25715
0.95 0.27193
1 0.28677
1.05 0.30166
1.1 0.31661
1.15 0.33162
1.2 0.34669
1.25 0.36181
1.3 0.377
1.35 0.39224
1.4 0.40755
1.45 0.42292
1.5 0.43835
1.55 0.45385
1.6 0.46941
1.65 0.48503
1.7 0.50073
1.75 0.51649
1.8 0.53231
1.85 0.54821
1.9 0.56417
1.95 0.58021
2 0.59631
2.05 0.61249
2.1 0.62874
2.15 0.64507
2.2 0.66147
2.25 0.67795
2.3 0.69451
2.35 0.71114
2.4 0.72786
2.45 0.74465
2.5 0.76153
2.55 0.77849
2.6 0.79554
2.65 0.81267
2.7 0.82989
2.75 0.8472
2.8 0.86459
2.85 0.88208
2.9 0.89966
2.95 0.91734
3 0.93511
3.Introductionto Finite Element modelling
software
Abaqus is a software suited for Finite Element
Analysis and Computer aided
engineering. There are many tools used for specific tasks in it.
A complete Abaqus analysis
usually consists of three distinct stages: pre-processing,
simulation, and postprocessing. There
are several modules, which are to be followed in order to
model, load and analyse any
particularstructure.
Pre-processing
In this stage you must define the model of the physical problem
and create an Abaqus input
file. The model is usually created graphically using
Abaqus/CAE or another preprocessor,
although the Abaqus input file for a simple analysis can be
created directly using a texteditor.
Simulation
The simulation, which normally is run as a background
process, is the stage in which Abaqus/Standard or
Abaqus/Explicit solves the numerical problem defined in the
model. Examples of output from a stress analysis include
displacements and stresses that are stored in binary files ready
for postprocessing. Depending on the complexity of the
problem being analyzed and the power of the computer being
used, it may take anywhere from seconds to days to complete
an analysisrun.
Postprocessing
You can evaluate the results once the simulation has been
completed and the displacements,
stresses, or other fundamental variables have been calculated.
The evaluation is generally
done interactively using the Visualization module of
Abaqus/CAE or another postprocessor.
The Visualization module, which reads the neutral binary
output database file, has a variety
of options for displaying the results, including color contour
plots, animations, deformed
shape plots, and X- Yplots.
To start Abaqus/CAE, you click on the Start menu at
your computer then chose from programs Abaqus SE then
Abaqus CAE. When Abaqus/CAE begins, the Start Session
dialog box appears. The following session start-up options are
available:
• Create Model Database allows you to begin a newanalysis.

• OpenDatabaseallowsyoutoopenapreviouslysavedmodeloroutput
database file.
• Run Script allows you to run a file containing Abaqus/CAEcommands.
• StartTutorialallowsyoutobeginanintroductorytutorialfromtheonline
documentation.
Abaqus /CAE is divided into a set of modules, where each

module allows you to work on one aspect of your model; the
Module list in the context bar allows you to move between these
modules. Other items in the context bar are a function of the
module in which you are working; for example, the context bar
allows you to retrieve an existing part while creating the
geometry of themodel.
Toolbars
The toolbars provide quick access to items that are also available
in the menus. Depending on which module you are, the toolbar
changes accordingly, giving us the tool, we need in that
particular module. Create lines tool enables us to draw an
unscaled rough outline of our structure. Add constraints tool
enables us to give constraints to our structure in areas like
equal length, equal radius, horizontal, vertical, concentric,
coincident, etc. Add dimension tool enables us to convert the
roughly outlined structure to the exact dimensions. Similar to
Autocad, create fillet tool converts sharp edges to rounded
edges.
Model Tree
The Model Tree provides us with a graphical overview of our

model and the objects that it contains, such as parts, materials,
steps, loads, and output requests. In addition, the Model Tree
provides a convenient, centralized tool for moving between
modules and for managing objects. If your model database
contains more than one model, you can use the Model Tree to
move between models. When you become familiar with the
Model Tree, you will find that you can quickly perform most of
the actions that are found in the main menu bar, the module
toolboxes, and the various managers.
Results Tree
The Results Tree provides you with a graphical overview of
your output databases and other
session-specific data such as X-Y plots. If you have more than
one output database open in
your session, you can use the Results Tree to move between
output databases. When you
become familiar with the Results Tree, you will find that you can
quickly perform most of the
actions in the Visualization module that are found in the main
menu bar and the toolbox.

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LABORATORY COURSE REPORT

CAD IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Name: N RAVI NAIK Roll No: 203219013

Date of viva voce: 18.07.2020

S. No Name of Exercise Page No Marks

a. Structural modelling 4-15

c. Drawings and detailing 21 `

Programming for Structural Engineering

a. Gauss Elimination Method 22-26

b. Newton Raphson method 27-28

3 Introduction to Finite Element modelling software 33-36

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Number of Nodes 92 Highest Node 92

Number of Basic Load Cases 3

Included in this printout are data for:

Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Primary 1 DEAD LOAD

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Primary Load Cases

1 DEAD LOAD Dead

Combination Load Cases

4 ULC, 1.5 Dead 1 DEAD LOAD 1.50

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

1 DEAD LOAD :Selfweight

Y -1.000 1 - 208, 210 - 234

2 WIND LOAD : NodeLoads

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

2 WIND LOAD : Node Loads Cont...

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

2 WIND LOAD : Node LoadsCont...

3 sheet load : Node Loads

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

3 sheet load : Node Loads Cont...

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

3 sheet load : Node Loads Cont...

Node Displacement Summary

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Beam Displacement Detail Summary

Beam End Displacement Summary

Beam End Force Summary

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Client File Drawing2.STD Date/Time 20-Feb-2020 14:15

Lets try 50 Nominal bore light section.

Cross-sectional area (A)=523 (From IS 1161:1998, table1)

Radius of gyration (r) = 20.3 mm

λ = /r = (k*L)/r = (0.7*L)/r = (0.7*1.854*)/20.3 = 63.93

From code IS 806:1968, table-2

By interpolation :- x = 989.424 kgf/

Load carrying capacity in compression = 523*96.963 = 50.711 KN > 40.97 KN

Check as tension member:-

Capacity = 523*1250*(9.81/100) =64.132KN > 59.36 KN

= load/stress =( 60.78*1000)/(1250*(9.81/100)) = 495.657

Lets try 50 mm nominal bore, light section.

Cross-sectional area (A)=523 (From IS 1161:1998, table1)

Hence, section is SAFE intension.

Check as compression member:-

λ = /r = (kL)/r = (0.7L)/r = (0.71.854)/20.3 = 63.93

Capacity = 5231250(9.81/100) =64.132KN > 59.36 KN

= load/stress =( 60.781000)/(1250(9.81/100)) = 495.657

λ = /r = (kL)/r = (0.7L)/r = (0.72.391000)/19.8 = 84.494

Zp = (Mzrm0)/Fy = (101.6091.1)/250 = 447.0796*1000mm3