DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Abdullah, M dan Khairurrijal. 2009. Review: Karakterisasi Nanomaterial. Jurnal Nanosains

dan Nanoteknologi, 2(1): 4-5.

Allen, L. V. 2014. Ansel’s Pharmaceuticals Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery System, 10 th
ed., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 466,788.

Anjum, S., Abbasi, B, H., and Shinwari, Z, K. 2016. Plant Mediated Green Synthesis of
Silver Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application: Challenges and Opportunities.
Pak.J.Bot.48,04.

Ariyanta, H. A., S. Wahyuni, dan S. Priatmoko. 2014. Preparasi Nanopartikel Perak Dengan
Metode Reduksi Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Antibakteri Penyebab Infeksi. Indonesian
Journal of Chemical Science. 3 (1): 1-6.

Aulton, M. 2007. Aulton’s Pharmaceutics: The Design and Manufacture of Medicines.

London: Elsevier.

Bathaie S, Mousavi S. 2010. New Applications And Mechanisms of Action of Saffron And Its
Important Ingredients. Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition. 50(8), 761–
786.

Begum, N.A., S. Mondal, S. Basu, R.A. Laskar dan D. Mandal. 2009. Colloids and Surfaces
B: Biointerfaces, 71(1): 113.

Bhainsa, K.C dan S.F.D. Souza. 2006. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 47(1): 160.

Bolhassani A, Khavari A, Bathaie S. 2014. Saffron And Natural Carotenoids: Biochemical

Activities And Anti-Tumor Effects. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA). 1845(1).

Brahman. 2005. Infections caused by Propionibacterium spesies. Rev Infect Dis. 13:819-822.

Dominica, Dwi., Handayani, Dian., 2019. Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Lotion dari
Ekstrak Daun Lengkeng (Dimocarpus Longan) sebagai Antioksidan. Bengkulu:
Universitas Bengkulu.

Elumalai, E.K., T.N.K.V. Prasad, P.C. Nagajyothi dan E. David. 2011. A Bird’s eye view on
Biogenic Silver nanoparticles and Their Application. Pelagia Research Library, 2(2):
88-97.

Felton, L.A. 2013. Remington: Essential of Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Press, London,

p.387.

Guzman, M.G., Jean D., dan Stephan G. 2009. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by chemical
reduction method and their antibacterial activity. International Journal of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering 2:3.
Haryono A., Sondari D., Harmami S.B. dan Randy M. 2008. Sintesa Nanoparikel Perak dan
Potensi Aplikasinya. Jurnal Riset Industri. 2(3): 155-163.

Haryono, A. dan S.B. Harmami. 2010. Aplikasi Nanopartikel Perak pada Serat Katun
sebagai Produk Jadi Tekstil Antimikroba. Jurnal Kimia Indonesia, 5 (1): 1-6.

Iravani, S., H. Korbekandi, S.V. Mirmohammadi dan B. Zolfaghari. 2013. Synthesis of Silver
Nanoparticles: Chemical, Physical and Biological Methods. Research in
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(6): 385-406.

Jain, A.K. 2011. An Overview of Microwave Assisted Technique: Green Synthesis. Article
WebMed Central, 225(1):1-15.

Jain, S. & Mehata, M. 2017. Medicinal Plant Leaf Extract and Pure Flavonoid Mediated
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and their Enchanced Antibacterial
Property. Scientific Reports 7: 15867.

Januar Widakdo. 2015. Uji Intensitas Cahaya Lampu dan Tegangan Keluaran Pada
Akumulator Basah Dengan Penambahan Variasi Konsentrasi Larutan Nanopartikel
Perak AgNO3. Skripsi. Yogyakarta: FMIPA UNY.

Jawetz, E., Melnick, J. L., & Adelberg, E. A. 2012. Mikrobiologi Kedokteran. (Edisi 25).
Alih Bahasa oleh Aryandhito Widhi Nugroho, dkk. Jakarta : EGC.

Khaan, Z. Z., Assi, M. & Moore, T. A. 2009. Recurrent Epiduran Abscess Caused by
Propionibacterium acnes. Kansas Journal of Medicine: 92-95.

Kim, SH., H. Seon, Lee, D.S. Ryu, S.J. Choi dan D.S. Lee. 2011. Antibacterial Activity of
Silver-Nanoparticles Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Korean J.
Microbiol. Biotechnol, 39(1): 77–85.

Kumar, V., & Yadav, S. K. 2009. Plantmediated synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles
and their applications. Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 84, 151-
157.

Labar, J.L., O. Gezti, G. Safran, B.P Barna, L. Szekely, F. Misjak dan G. Radnoczi. 2009.
Process Diffraction: A SAED- Based Method to Analyze Phases Texture in Nano-
Crystalline Thin Films in The TEM. Instrumentation and Methodology,17(1): 540-
541.

Lalena, J.N., D.A. Cleary, E.E. Carpenter dan N.F. Dean. 2008. Inorganic Materials
Synthesis and Fabrication. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 211-230.

Li, Q., Mahendra, S. Lyon, D.Y. Brunet, L. Liga, M.V. Li dan P.J.J. Alvarez. 2008.
Antimicrobial Nanomaterials for Water Disinfection and Microbial Control:
Potential Applications and Implications. Water Res, 42(1): 4591–4602.

Lengel, B. 2009. Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Lestari, T. 2002. Hand and Body Lotion: Pengaruh Penambahan Nipagin, Nipasol dan
Campuran Keduanya terhadap Stabilitas Fisika dan Efektifitasnya sebagai Anti
Jamur. Skripsi; Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta.

Maarebia R.Z. 2019. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Perak Dengan Menggunakan
Ekstrak Air Umbi Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendans) Untuk Sensor Kadar
Glukosa Darah. Skripsi: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar.

Mahendra, R., Yadav, Alka., Gade, Aniket. 2009. Nanoparticles as a New Generation of
Antimicrobials. Biotechnology Advances, 27, 76 – 83.

Melnyk JP, Wang S, Marcone MF. 2010. Chemical And Biological Properties of The
World’s Most Expensive Spice: Saffron. Food Research International. 43(8):1981–
1989.

Milajerdi A, Djafarian K, Hosseini B. 2016. The Toxicity Of Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) And
Its Constituents Against Normal And Cancer Cells. Journal Of Nutrition &
Intermediary Metabolism. 3:23-32.

Minerva, P. 2019. MASKER TRADISIONAL BROKOLI UNTUK PERAWATAN KULIT

WAJAH KERING. Jurnal Kapita Selekta Geografi, 2(8), 118-130.

Miratunnisa, Mulqie, L., & Hajar, S. 2015. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kulit
Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) terhadap Propionibacterium. Prosiding
penelitian SPeSIA Unisba, 513.

Mohanpuria, P., Rana, N. K., & Yadav, S. K. 2008. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles:

technological concepts and future applications. Journal of nanoparticles resources
10, 507-517.

Mohiudin, AK. 2019. Skin care : Formulation and use. American journal of dermatological
research and reviews. 2 (8).

Nadagouda, MN., T.F. Speth dan R.S. Varma. 2011. Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of
Silver Nanostructures. Accounts of chemical research, 44(7): 469–47.

Pangestu, N. S., Nurhamidah, N.,, & Elvinawati, E. 2017. Aktivitas Antioksidan dan
Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jatropha gossypifolia L. Alotrop, 1(1), 15-19.

Pal, S., Y.K. Tak, dan J.M. Song. 2007. Does The Antibacterial Activity of Silver
Nanoparticles Depend on The Shape of The Nanoparticle A Study of The Gram-
Negative Bacterium Escherichia Coli. Appl. Environ. Microb, 73(1): 1712–1720.

Pratiwi, S. 2008. Mikrobiologi Farmasi. Jakarta : Gelora Aksara Pratama.

Punuri, J.B., P. Sharma, S. Sibyala, R. Tamuli dan U. Bora. 2012. Piper betle- Mediated
Green Synthesis of Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles International Nano Letters,
2(18): 1-9.
Rahmani AH, Khan AA, Aldebasi YH. 2017. Saffron (Crocus Sativus) And Its Active
Ingredients: Role In The Prevention And Treatment Of Disease. Pharmacogn J.
9(6):873-879.

Rauha, J. P., S. Remes., M. Heinonen. 2000. Antimicrobial Effects Of Finnish Plant Extracts
Containing Flavonoids And Other Phenolic Compounds. International Journal of
Food Microbiology, 56: 3-12.

Ravikumar, 2015. Cooking Stackexchange Temperature.

Rawle,A. 2010. Basic principles of particle Size analysis. Technical paper of Malvern
instruments. Worcestershire,United Kingdom.

Renugadevi K. dan R. Venus Aswini. 2012. Microwave irradiation assisted synthesis of

silver nanoparticle using Azadirachta indica leaf extract as a reducing agent and
invitro evaluation of its antibacterial and anticancer activity. International Journal
of Nanoparticle and Biostructures. 2(2) 5- 10.

Ronson. 2012. UV/Vis/IR Spectroscopy Analysis of Nanoparticles. NanoComposix, 1(1): 1-6.

Saeed, S. & Tariq, P. 2005. “Antibacterial Activities of Mentha piperita, Pisum sativum, and
Momordica charantia”. Pak. J. Bot. Vol. 37(4):997-1001.

Salvi A., Minerva P. 2021. Kelayakan Sediaan Penyegar (Face Toner) Putik Bunga Saffron
(Crocus Sativus) Sebagai Kosmetik Tradisional Perawatan Kulit Wajah. Padang :
Universitas Negeri Padang.

Sari, A. K., & Ayuchecaria, N. 2017. Penetapan kadar fenolik total dan flavonoid total
ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza Sativa L) dari Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu
Sina, 2(2), 327– 335.

Science Direct. 2016. Transcriptomic analysis of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms in vitro.

Https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075996416301202[Diakses
tanggal 3 Februari 2022].

Sfetcu Nicolae, 2014. Health & Drugs: Disease, Prescription & Medication. Romania:
European Teleworking Development Romania (ETD).

Shankar, S. S., Rai, A., Ahmad, A., & Sastry, M. 2004. Rapid synthesis of Au, Ag, and
bimetallic Au core-Ag shell nanoparticles using Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf
broth. Journal of colloid and interface science 275 (4), 496-502.

Shikuo Li, Yuhua Shen, Anjian Xie, Xuerong Yu, Lingguang Qiu, Li Zhang, & Qingfeng
Zhang. 2007. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capsicum annum L.
extract. Green chemistry, 9, 852-858.

Sileikaite,A., I. Prosycevas, J. Puiso, A. Juraitis dan A. Guobiene. 2006. Analysis of Silver

Nanoparticles Produced by Chemical Reduction of Silver Salt Solution. Materials
Science (Medžiagotyra.), 12(4): 287-291.
Sugita, T., Miyamoto, M., Tsuboi, R., Takatori, K., Ikeda, R. & Nisikawa, A. 2010. In vitro
Activities of Azole Antifungal Agents against Propionibacterium acnes Isolated from
Patients with Acne Vulgaris. Biol Pharm Bull. 33(1): 125-127. Dalam: Aziz, S.
2010. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Umbi Bakung Putih
(Crinum asiaticum L.) terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat.” Tidak diterbitkan.
Skripsi. Jakarta: Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah.

Surati, M.A., S. Jauhari, K.R. Desai. 2012. A Brief Review: Microwave Assisted Organic
Reaction. Scholars Research Library Archives of Applied Science Research, 4(1):
645-661.

Suryani A, Sailah I, Hambali E. 2000. Teknologi Emulsi. Bogor: Jurusan Teknologi Industri
Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Taylor, J.L., C. Lynch dan J.F. Dlugos. 2013. Particle Characterization of UV Blocking
Sunscreens and Cosmetics using UV/ Visible Spectroscopy. PerkinElmer,
01136201:1-11.

Thakkar, K.N., Mathre, S.S., dan Parikh, N.Y., 2010. Biological synthesis of metallic
nanoparticle. Nanomedicine: nanotechnology, biology and medicine, 6, 257-262.

Tranggono, R. I. & Latifah, F. 2007. Buku Pegangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Kosmetik. Jakarta:
PT. Gramedia.

Tranggono, R. I. dan Latifah, F. 2018. Buku Pegangan Ilmu Pengetahuan Kosmetik edisi
kedua. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Troy D.B., and Beringer, P., 2006. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st
ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 246, 326, 759, 772.

Tsuzuki, T. 2009. Commercial Scale Production of Inorganic Nanoparticles. International

Journal of Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, No. 5/6, pp. 567-578.

Ulaen, S. P. J., Banne, Y. & Suatan, R. A. 2012. Pembuatan Salep Anti Jerawat dari Ekstrak
Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.). Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi; 3; 45-
49.

Underwood, R.A.D. 2007. Analisa Kimia Kualitatif. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Wahyudi, T., Sugiyana D., Helmy Q., 2011. Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak dan Uji
Aktivitasnya terhadap Bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus, Arena Tekstil, 26 (1), 1-60.

Xiu, Z., Q. Zhang, H. L. Puppala, V. L. Colvin dan P. J. J. Alvarez. 2012. Negligible

Particle-Specific Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles. Nano Letters. 12:
4271−4275.
Yanti, Yuska Novi., Mitika, Sucia., 2017. Uji Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun
Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculate Nees) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococus aureus.
Bengkulu : Akademi Farmasi Yayasan Al-Fatah Bengkulu.

Yaohui Lv, Hong Liu, Zhen wang, Lujiang Ha, Jing Liu, Yangmin Wang, Guojun Du, Duo
Liu, Jie Zhan and Jiyang Wang. 2008. Antibiotic glass slide coated with silver
nanoparticles and its antimicrobial capabilities. Polym. Adv. Technol. 19, 1455–
1460.

Zhang, J, Cheang, LCV, Wang, MW, and Lee, S M-Y. 2011. Quercetin exerts a
neuroprotective effect through inhibition of the iNOS/NO system and pro
inflammation gene expression in PCI2 cells and in zebrafish. International Journal of
Molecular Medicine. 27(2). 195-203.