27 Classification of Poultry

Class 24: Classification of poultry viz.
layer, broiler and dual purpose- Nomenclature of

commercial layer and broiler strains.
India occupy 5th place in worlds Egg production -32700 million. The per capita
consumption of an India is approximately 33 eggs as against the recommendation of 180 egg.
Indian poultry population – 435 million – 4% World poultry.
Tamil Nadu ranks second in the country producing 4400 million eggs per year. Namakkal
is a second largest poultry pocket in India with the population of 75 lakhs chicks and growers
and about 196 lakhs layer birds. The poultry production through out the world is carried out by a
highly specialized efficient Poultry Industry that has been a leader in trends of scale. Poultry
Industry has shifted itself rapidly and completely from a small scale non intensive production
units to a highly specialized intensive industry. The progress is attributed to the conceptual
change that had taken place in the middle of the century.
Which is attributable to the demands of the situation

Shortage of red meat,
Lesser cost and land involvement
Shorter generation interval
Higher multiplication rate.
The following are the reasons for the phenomenal development of the Industry.
1. Evolution of High yielding strains
2. Economic management systems.
3. Improved Nutritional systems.
4. Advanced Desired control technology.
5. Automation in operation.
6. Integration
7. Increased consumer awareness.
8. Improved marketing system.
9. Insurance and Bank Assistance.
Poultry Industry:
Grand parent Hatchery
Parent Hatchery Sub-Franchisers
Grower farms
Feed manufacturers
Equipment manufacturers
Marketing enterprise.
disease control units and poultry service organisation.
Breed of poultry
Class : Many groups of birds belonging to a particulars tract or locality Eg. English,
Asiatic, American.
Breed refers to a group of domestic fowls with a common ancestry and having similarity
in shape, conformation, growth, temperament, shell colour of egg and breed true to type. Variety
is a subdivision of breed and within a breed there may be several varieties. The term variety is
used to distinguish fowls having the characteristics of the breed to which they belong but
differing in plumage colour, comb type etc. from other groups of the same breed. A
breed/variety may also have several strains or lines identified by a given name and produced by a
breeder through at least 5 generations of closed flock breeding for a particular purpose. Several
strains within a breed/variety phenotypically may look alike but often differ in their production
performance depending upon their breeding history.
Breed of Poultry
Asiatic American English Mediterranean

Aseel Plymouth Rock Sussex Leghorn
Karaknath Wyandotte Orpington Minorca
Ghagus Rhode Island Red Australorp Ancona
Chittagong New Hampshire Cornish Spanish
Mini Andalusian
Brown Desi
Denki
Naked neck
Brahma
Cochin
Langshan
Poultry may also be classify based on were utility

1. Layer – Leghorn, Minorca
2. Broiler – Orpington, Cornish
3. Dual – Plymouth, Rhode island red
Based on the utility and perfomance many hybrid strains of poultry have been developed
and commercially produced.
Layer – Babcock 300, Hyline-WS 36, Bovans.
Broiler – Ross, vencobb, hybro.
Egg Science and Technology :

Egg is the physiological product of the female reproductive system and a hen’s egg, apart
from the ovum does contain other nutrients for the growth and development of the embryo.
Egg average weight : 50-60 gm.
Egg contains yolk – 30%
White or albumen – 58%
Inner & outer shell membranes & shell – 12%
Nutrient composition : on egg weight
12% Protein
11% Fat
12% minerals and 65 % water
Colories : 148 cal/100 gm.
grading of eggs :
By wt. : Extra large 60 gms/egg
Large 53-59 g.
Medium 45-52 g.
Small 38-44 g.
Agmark grading :
A- grade : Clean, unbroken shell, aircell, 4mm depth, clear, firm white well
centered yolk free from defects.
B-grade : Clean, moderately tainted shell, aircell 8 mm depth, slightly off centered
and shape visible
No grade : Eggs classified as loss or no grade is edible - contaminated by smoke,

chemical and other foreign materials, which may effect the character
and appearance.

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Class 24: Classification of poultry viz.

layer, broiler and dual purpose- Nomenclature of

Indian poultry population – 435 million – 4% World poultry.

Which is attributable to the demands of the situation

Asiatic American English Mediterranean

Poultry may also be classify based on were utility

Egg Science and Technology :

No grade : Eggs classified as loss or no grade is edible - contaminated by smoke,

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