World Trade Ion Trade Profiles 2010

World Trade Organization
Trade Profiles provides the latest information on the trade flows

and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other
selected economies. With information for each country provided
in a standardized format, the publication is an invaluable quick
reference tool for anyone looking for essential trade statistics. The
data provided for each country include basic economic indicators
(such as GDP), trade policy indicators (such as tariffs, import duties,
number of disputes, notifications outstanding and contingency
measures in force), merchandise trade flows (broken down by broad
product categories and major origins and destinations), services
trade flows (with a breakdown by major components) and industrial
property indicators. With one page devoted to each country, Trade
Profiles offers a concise overview of global trade.
WTO 2010
Trade
ISBN 978-92-870-3742-8 Profiles
Trade Profiles 2010
2010
9 789287 037428
WTO Members
(as of 8 October 2010)
Albania Gabon New Zealand

Angola The Gambia Nicaragua
Antigua and Barbuda Georgia Niger
Argentina Germany Nigeria
Armenia Ghana Norway
Australia Greece Oman
Austria Grenada Pakistan
Bahrain, Kingdom of Guatemala Panama
Bangladesh Guinea Papua New Guinea
Barbados Guinea Bissau Paraguay
Belgium Guyana Peru
Belize Haiti Philippines
Benin Honduras Poland
Bolivia Hong Kong, China Portugal
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Hungary Qatar
Botswana Iceland Romania
Brazil India Rwanda
Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Saint Kitts and Nevis
Bulgaria Ireland Saint Lucia
Burkina Faso Israel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines
Burundi Italy Saudi Arabia
Cambodia Jamaica Senegal
Cameroon Japan Sierra Leone
Canada Jordan Singapore
Cape Verde Kenya Slovak Republic
Central African Republic Korea, Republic of Slovenia
Chad Kuwait Solomon Islands
Chile Kyrgyz Republic South Africa
China Latvia Spain
Colombia Lesotho Sri Lanka
Congo Liechtenstein Suriname
Costa Rica Lithuania Swaziland
Côte d’Ivoire Luxembourg Sweden
Croatia Macao, China Switzerland
Cuba Madagascar Chinese Taipei
Cyprus Malawi Tanzania
Czech Republic Malaysia Thailand
Democratic Republic of the Congo Maldives Togo
Denmark Mali Tonga
Djibouti Malta Trinidad and Tobago
Dominica Mauritania Tunisia
Dominican Republic Mauritius Turkey
Ecuador Mexico Uganda
Egypt Moldova Ukraine
El Salvador Mongolia United Arab Emirates
Estonia Morocco United Kingdom
European Union Mozambique United States of America
Fiji Myanmar Uruguay
Finland Namibia Viet Nam
Former Yugoslav Republic Nepal Zambia
of Macedonia (FYROM) Netherlands Zimbabwe
France
This report is also available in French and Spanish

(Price: CHF 30.00)
To order, please contact:
WTO Publications
154, rue de Lausanne
CH-1211 Geneva 21
Tel: (41 22) 739 52 08
Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58 ISBN 978-92-870-3742-8
Email: [email protected] © World Trade Organization 2010
INTRODUCTION
These Trade Profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of
Members, Observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from
various WTO Divisions and external sources and presented in standardized format for quick
reference.
The indicators are divided into five categories:
I. Basic economic indicators – population, GDP, current account balance, etc.
II. Trade policy indicators – specific WTO relevant information, including tariff binding
information, import duties collected in total tax revenue, the number of dispute rulings
(complainant, defendant), notifications outstanding and contingency measures in force.
III. Merchandise trade indicators (customs-based statistics) – information on total trade

flows broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations.
IV. Commercial services indicators (balance of payments based statistics) – trends in total
trade flows and a breakdown by major components.
V. Industrial property indicators – annual number of patents granted and marks registered
in the name of residents and non-residents in the economy.
Data are currently provided for as many Members and Observers for which adequate
information is available in the WTO Secretariat and other national and international bodies.
For updates, see the WTO Online Database at the WTO Statistics Gateway (www.wto.org,
choose Resources, Trade statistics). Depending on data availability, missing trade profiles will
be completed or added.
For sources and methodology, please refer to the Technical Notes at the end of the
publication.
The definition of economies in this booklet does not imply an expression of opinion by the
Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers,
nor regarding the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respect of WTO Agreements.
Throughout this report, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Republic of Korea and
the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu are referenced as
Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela, Korea, Republic of and Taipei, Chinese respectively.
TRADE PROFILES 2010 i

Acknowledgements are due to the International Monetary Fund, the International Trade
Center, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office
of the European Communities, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,
the United Nations Statistics Division, the World Bank and the World Intellectual Property
Organization. The assistance of all these organizations in supplying statistics as well as other
information has greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat.
Symbols and abbreviations

... Not available or not reported GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services
- Not applicable GDP Gross Domestic Product
AOA WTO Agreement on Agriculture GPA Government Procurement Agreement
CRN Central Registry of Notifications ITS WTO International Trade Statistics
DSU Dispute Settlement Understanding MFN Most Favoured Nation
EIA Economic Integration Agreement PPP Purchasing Power Parity
EU European Union RTA Regional Trade Agreement
Annual average percentage changes are calculated using a geometric average.
Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding.
Tables include in general information for the period 2000 - latest available year.
Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in United States dollars; (ii)
merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis; (iii) trade in commercial services data
are on a balance of payments basis; and (iv) merchandise exports are valued f.o.b. and
merchandise imports c.i.f.
Comments and enquiries on this booklet should be addressed to [email protected].
Closing date 8 October 2010.
ii TRADE PROFILES 2010

CONTENTS
Afghanistan – AF 3 Czech Republic – CZ 48

Albania – AL 4 Denmark – DK 49
Algeria – DZ 5 Djibouti – DJ 50
Angola – AO 6 Dominica – DM 51
Antigua and Barbuda – AG 7 Dominican Republic – DO 52
Argentina – AR 8 Ecuador – EC 53
Armenia – AM 9 Egypt – EG 54
Australia – AU 10 El Salvador – SV 55
Austria – AT 11 Equatorial Guinea – GQ 56
Azerbaijan – AZ 12 Eritrea – ER 57
Bahamas – BS 13 Estonia – EE 58
Bahrain – BH 14 Ethiopia – ET 59
Bangladesh – BD 15 European Union (27) – E27 60
Barbados – BB 16 Fiji – FJ 61
Belarus – BY 17 Finland – FI 62
Belgium – BE 18 France – FR 63
Belize – BZ 19 FYR Macedonia – MK 64
Benin – BJ 20 Gabon – GA 65
Bhutan – BT 21 Gambia – GM 66
Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela – VE 22 Georgia – GE 67
Bolivia – BO 23 Germany – DE 68
Bosnia and Herzegovina – BA 24 Ghana – GH 69
Botswana – BW 25 Greece – GR 70
Brazil – BR 26 Grenada – GD 71
Brunei Darussalam – BN 27 Guatemala – GT 72
Bulgaria – BG 28 Guinea – GN 73
Burkina Faso – BF 29 Guinea-Bissau – GW 74
Burundi – BI 30 Guyana – GY 75
Cambodia – KH 31 Haiti – HT 76
Cameroon – CM 32 Honduras – HN 77
Canada – CA 33 Hong Kong, China – HK 78
Cape Verde – CV 34 Hungary – HU 79
Central African Republic – CF 35 Iceland – IS 80
Chad – TD 36 India – IN 81
Chile – CL 37 Indonesia – ID 82
China – CN 38 Iran, Islamic Rep. of – IR 83
Colombia – CO 39 Iraq – IQ 84
Comoros – KM 40 Ireland – IE 85
Congo – CG 41 Israel – IL 86
Congo, Dem. Rep. of – CD 42 Italy – IT 87
Costa Rica – CR 43 Jamaica – JM 88
Côte d’Ivoire – CI 44 Japan – JP 89
Croatia – HR 45 Jordan – JO 90
Cuba – CU 46 Kazakhstan – KZ 91
Cyprus – CY 47 Kenya – KE 92
TRADE PROFILES 2010 1

Korea, Republic of – KR 93 Rwanda – RW 139
Kuwait – KW 94 Saint Kitts and Nevis – KN 140
Kyrgyz Republic – KG 95 Saint Lucia – LC 141
Lao People’s Dem. Rep. – LA 96 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – VC 142
Latvia – LV 97 Samoa – WS 143
Lebanon – LB 98 Sao Tome and Principe – ST 144
Lesotho – LS 99 Saudi Arabia – SA 145
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya – LY 100 Senegal – SN 146
Lithuania – LT 101 Serbia – RS 147
Luxembourg – LU 102 Seychelles – SC 148
Macao, China – MO 103 Sierra Leone – SL 149
Madagascar – MG 104 Singapore – SG 150
Malawi – MW 105 Slovak Republic – SK 151
Malaysia – MY 106 Slovenia – SI 152
Maldives – MV 107 Solomon Islands – SB 153
Mali – ML 108 South Africa – ZA 154
Malta – MT 109 Spain – ES 155
Mauritania – MR 110 Sri Lanka – LK 156
Mauritius – MU 111 Sudan – SD 157
Mexico – MX 112 Suriname – SR 158
Moldova – MD 113 Swaziland – SZ 159
Mongolia – MN 114 Sweden – SE 160
Montenegro – ME 115 Switzerland – CH 161
Morocco – MA 116 Syrian Arab Republic – SY 162
Mozambique – MZ 117 Taipei, Chinese – TW 163
Myanmar – MM 118 Tajikistan – TJ 164
Namibia – NA 119 Tanzania – TZ 165
Nepal – NP 120 Thailand – TH 166
Netherlands – NL 121 Togo – TG 167
New Zealand – NZ 122 Tonga – TO 168
Nicaragua – NI 123 Trinidad and Tobago – TT 169
Niger – NE 124 Tunisia – TN 170
Nigeria – NG 125 Turkey – TR 171
Norway – NO 126 Turkmenistan – TM 172
Oman – OM 127 Uganda – UG 173
Pakistan – PK 128 Ukraine – UA 174
Panama – PA 129 United Arab Emirates – AE 175
Papua New Guinea – PG 130 United Kingdom – GB 176
Paraguay – PY 131 United States – US 177
Peru – PE 132 Uruguay – UY 178
Philippines – PH 133 Uzbekistan – UZ 179
Poland – PL 134 Vanuatu – VU 180
Portugal – PT 135 Viet Nam – VN 181
Qatar – QA 136 Yemen – YE 182
Romania – RO 137 Zambia – ZM 183
Russian Federation – RU 138 Zimbabwe – ZW 184
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TECHNICAL NOTES
BASIC INDICATORS
Trade per capita is estimated as an economy’s total trade of goods and commercial services (exports + imports,
balance of payments basis) divided by the population. It is calculated on the basis of data for the three latest
years available.
Trade to GDP ratio is estimated as an economy’s total trade of goods and commercial services
(exports + imports, balance of payments basis) divided by GDP, on the basis of data for the three latest years
available. GDP is measured in nominal terms and with market exchange rates.
Real GDP, exports and imports of goods and services (national accounts based), refer to data at constant
prices or volume figures based on 2000.
Ranks in world trade of merchandise and commercial services are defined first referring to European Union
(EU (27)) members as individual traders and second referring to the EU (27) as one trader (i.e. excluding
individual EU (27) members).
TRADE POLICY
The Trade Policy Review date indicates the date of the latest policy review for the economy considered.
The tariff binding coverage corresponds to the number of the Harmonized System (HS) subheadings
containing at least one bound tariff line divided by the respective total number of HS subheadings of the
corresponding version of the HS nomenclature.
For MFN bound tariffs, the simple average of import duties refers to the simple average of ad-valorem (AV )
and calculable ad-valorem equivalent (AVE) of final bound HS 6-digit duties. For MFN applied tariffs it
refers to the simple average of AV and calculable AVE of MFN applied HS 6-digit duties.
The non-AV duties as a percentage of total tariff lines refer to the share of HS six-digit subheadings
subject to non-AV duties. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is subject to non-AV duties the
percentage share of these tariff lines is used.
Agricultural goods according to the AOA (WTO Agreement on Agriculture) definition refer to HS chapters
1 to 24 (excluding fish and fish products) and a number of manufactured agricultural products (for further
information see “The Legal Texts, The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Negotiations”, WTO).
This definition does not correspond to the definition of agricultural products presented in the breakdown of
merchandise trade by main commodity group (see below).
Import duties collected in total tax revenue and import duties collected to total imports (goods and
commercial services) are estimated in general on the basis of data for the three latest years available.
The number of services sectors with GATS commitments has been established by the WTO Secretariat
on the basis of available information and in the light of the Services Sectoral Classification List (MTN.
GNS/W/120). The total number of sub-sectors is in the order of 160. In the absence of a GATS schedule for
the EU (27), the total number of services sub-sectors listed in the statistical profiles of the individual EC-12
members and of the EU (27) is that of the existing European Communities (EC) schedule.
For EU (27) members the number of notifications outstanding (NO) refers to the sum of NO of the EU and
of the individual economy.
The number of contingency measures in force is based on information made available to relevant
committees (annual reports G\L\901, G\L\902 and G\L\906). Please note that there is no obligation on
WTO Members to notify the expiry or termination of safeguard measures.
For the number of disputes, a dispute is understood to be a proceeding initiated under the Understanding
on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU) and identified by a reference number
(WT/DS...). Reports refer to those adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). For EU (27)
individual members the numbers refer to the EU figures plus any additional disputes involving only the member
considered. For more information refer to www.wto.org/disputes.

MERCHANDISE TRADE (customs-based statistics)
The share in world total exports and imports of merchandise for individual economies is calculated using world
trade including intra-EU (27) trade. For the EU (27) as one trading reporter the share is calculated on the basis
of world trade excluding intra-EU (27) trade.
Breakdown by main commodity group according to the ITS (WTO International Trade Statistics) definitions:
Agricultural products refer to food (SITC Rev. 3 sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22) and raw materials (SITC
Rev. 3 divisions 21, 23, 24, 25 and 26). It differs from the Agricultural goods AOA definition (see above). Fuels
and mining products include ores and other minerals; fuels and non-ferrous metals. Manufactures refer to
iron and steel, chemicals, other semi-manufactures, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, clothing and
other consumer goods. Please note that due to the products not classified in the three main product groups,
the sum of shares may not add up to a 100.
Breakdown by main destination and origin: EU (27) members are grouped as one trading partner. Shares
for unspecified destinations/origins are presented when at least one of the shares is greater than the share of
the fifth main destination/origin. Re-imports are also included.
COMMERCIAL SERVICES (balance of payments based statistics)

The share in world total exports and imports of commercial services for individual economies is calculated
using world trade including intra-EU (27) trade. For the EU (27) as one trading reporter the share is calculated
on the basis of world trade excluding intra-EU (27) trade.
Breakdown by principal services items: Other commercial services refer to communication, construction,
insurance, financial, computer, information, other business, and personal, cultural and recreational services,
and royalties and license fees.
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY
Data refer to the annual number of patents granted to (including those based on PCT international applications)
and trademark registrations effected (including designations under the Madrid Agreement or Protocol) in the
name of residents and non-residents of the considered economy.
EU (27) refers to the EU members as of January 2007, including EC-12 members (Belgium, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom) and Austria,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovak
Republic, Slovenia and Sweden. The Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu is
referred to as Taipei, Chinese in the tables.
Statistical sources:
Eurostat, online database; IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics and Government Finance Statistics;
UNCTAD, TRAINS database; UNSD, Comtrade database (for OECD members, UNSD-OECD Joint Trade
Data Collection and Processing System); World Bank, World Development Indicators; WIPO, Industrial
Property Statistics; WTO and national statistics.

WTO MEMBERS AND OBSERVERS
Members
Observers
Others

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory.

NOTES

WTO Members
(as of 8 October 2010)
Albania Gabon New Zealand

Angola The Gambia Nicaragua
Antigua and Barbuda Georgia Niger
Argentina Germany Nigeria
Armenia Ghana Norway
Australia Greece Oman
Austria Grenada Pakistan
Bahrain, Kingdom of Guatemala Panama
Bangladesh Guinea Papua New Guinea
Barbados Guinea Bissau Paraguay
Belgium Guyana Peru
Belize Haiti Philippines
Benin Honduras Poland
Bolivia Hong Kong, China Portugal
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Hungary Qatar
Botswana Iceland Romania
Brazil India Rwanda
Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Saint Kitts and Nevis
Bulgaria Ireland Saint Lucia
Burkina Faso Israel Saint Vincent & the Grenadines
Burundi Italy Saudi Arabia
Cambodia Jamaica Senegal
Cameroon Japan Sierra Leone
Canada Jordan Singapore
Cape Verde Kenya Slovak Republic
Central African Republic Korea, Republic of Slovenia
Chad Kuwait Solomon Islands
Chile Kyrgyz Republic South Africa
China Latvia Spain
Colombia Lesotho Sri Lanka
Congo Liechtenstein Suriname
Costa Rica Lithuania Swaziland
Côte d’Ivoire Luxembourg Sweden
Croatia Macao, China Switzerland
Cuba Madagascar Chinese Taipei
Cyprus Malawi Tanzania
Czech Republic Malaysia Thailand
Democratic Republic of the Congo Maldives Togo
Denmark Mali Tonga
Djibouti Malta Trinidad and Tobago
Dominica Mauritania Tunisia
Dominican Republic Mauritius Turkey
Ecuador Mexico Uganda
Egypt Moldova Ukraine
El Salvador Mongolia United Arab Emirates
Estonia Morocco United Kingdom
European Union Mozambique United States of America
Fiji Myanmar Uruguay
Finland Namibia Viet Nam
Former Yugoslav Republic Nepal Zambia
of Macedonia (FYROM) Netherlands Zimbabwe
France
This report is also available in French and Spanish

(Price: CHF 30.00)
To order, please contact:
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Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58 ISBN 978-92-870-3742-8
Email: [email protected] © World Trade Organization 2010
Trade Profiles provides the latest information on the trade flows
and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other
selected economies. With information for each country provided
in a standardized format, the publication is an invaluable quick
reference tool for anyone looking for essential trade statistics. The
data provided for each country include basic economic indicators
(such as GDP), trade policy indicators (such as tariffs, import duties,
number of disputes, notifications outstanding and contingency
measures in force), merchandise trade flows (broken down by broad
product categories and major origins and destinations), services
trade flows (with a breakdown by major components) and industrial
property indicators. With one page devoted to each country, Trade
Profiles offers a concise overview of global trade.
WTO 2010
Trade
ISBN 978-92-870-3742-8 Profiles
Trade Profiles 2010
2010
9 789287 037428

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World Trade Organization

Trade Profiles provides the latest information on the trade flows

Albania Gabon New Zealand

This report is also available in French and Spanish

The indicators are divided into ﬁve categories:

I. Basic economic indicators – population, GDP, current account balance, etc.

III. Merchandise trade indicators (customs-based statistics) – information on total trade

TRADE PROFILES 2010 i

Symbols and abbreviations

Annual average percentage changes are calculated using a geometric average.

Comments and enquiries on this booklet should be addressed to [email protected].

Closing date 8 October 2010.

ii TRADE PROFILES 2010

Afghanistan – AF 3 Czech Republic – CZ 48

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