P.E.

2 RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES PHYSICAL REACTION TO RHYTHM OR

MUSIC

1. Foot Tapping
DEFINITION OF TERMS:
2. Finger Snapping
1. Rhythmic Activities – the physical
manifestation of an individual to rhythm, these are 3. Head Swaying
activities which a person responds to physically,
mentally, emotionally and socially to music or any
rhythmic accompaniment. OBJECTIVES OF RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES

2. Rhythm – is a measured motion or flow 1. Develop a balanced and well-coordinated body.

characterized by regular recurrence of elements
such as beats, sounds, accents and others. 2. For physiological and neuro-muscular
development of the organic system of the body.
3. Dancing – is a means of expressing ones
emotions through movements disciplined by 3. Maintain good posture and physical efficiency.
rhythm. It came from a Greek word “Danson” which
4. Promote educational freedom.
means to stretch essentially, all dancing is made up
of stretching. 5. Develop skills necessary for social and
recreational enjoyment.
4. Dance – is a movements set to music where
there emerges organization, structure and pattern. 6. For cultural depicts culture of the people.

5. Choreography – is an art of arranging dance

steps into a complete composition of dance.
PHASES OF RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES:
6. Creative Dance – is the highest form of dance
for the purpose of entertainment. It is the end 1. Fundamental Rhythm – these are combination
product of exploration and improvisation of of locomotor movements structured and organized
movements as the dancer or choreography his to form natural dances.
feeling or emotions, ideas, and interpretations. This
2. Rhythmic Interpretation – these are activities
is a dance with definite form, beginning and ending.
where in the individual interprets his own
The principles of art are all observed in the
conception of the movement of:
composition of the dance.
a. Natural Imitation – clouds and swaying
7. Interpretative Dance – are series of movements
trees
intrerpreted from the lyrics, melody or tempo of a
certain musical composition. b. Animal Imitation – birds, elephant,
ducks, cat
8. Dance Drama – a theatrical form of dances
using pantomime and mimetic. c. Character Imitation – clowns

9. Other Dances – Ballroom Dances, Modern d. Mechanical Imitation – the walking doll,
Dances, Square Dances, Tap Dances and Sayawit. the clock and the train.

10. Physical Manifestation – is the utilization of e. Activity – farming, cooking

the body to express the thoughts and feelings.
3. Folk Dances – these are traditional dances that
expresses the thoughts, ideas and feeling of a
group of feeling.
 - Is a cultural art form handed down from 2. Extension – stretching or straigtening of a body
generation to generation. It evolved part occurring at a joint.
naturally and spontaneously in connection
with everyday activities and experiences of 3. Rotation – turning, twisting or revolving on its
the people who developed them. It depicts axis.
Filipino costumes, beliefs, rituals and 4. Pendular – swinging and swaying.
occupation of the people.
5. Percussive – striking and hitting, pushing or
4. Other Dance Forms – these includes dance pulling.
mixers, jazz, modern dance, social and ballroom
dances. 6. Vibratory – shaking or beating.

7. Sustained – a slow smooth flowing movement

with a balance movement through the entire series.
BASIC MOVEMENTS / SKILLS:
8. Suspended – sharp movements followed by a
- Locomotor skills – movement of the series of slow or prolong movements until peak is
body in any direction using feet as the reached.
moving base.

1. Walking – is done with the transfer of weight

from the heel to the ball of the foot. OBJECTIVES / IMPORTANCE OF DANCING
FOLK DANCES:
2. Running – it is done with a free running action of
the leg from the hip joint and proper swinging of the 1. To foster patriotism and nationalism through the
arms. A series of fast steps. study of our dances.

3. Jumping – is done with a spring into air from 2. Arouse better appreciation of Philippine music
one or both feet then land on both feet. and folk dances.

4. Leaping – is done with springing into the air from 3. To preserve our folk dance and music.
one foot and landing on the other foot.
4. Demonstrate the growth of Filipino culture
5. Hopping – is springing into the air from one foot through the evolution of Philippine dances.
and landing on the same foot.
5. Provide through dance a healthful form of
6. Sliding – to glide smoothly along the floor, the relaxation
movement may be finished with or without transfer
6. Develop grace, poise, and rhythmic coordination
of weight.
of the body movements that improve posture.
7. Skipping – is made up of two fundamental
7. Arouse and keep one’s interest in taking part and
movements a step and a hop.
enjoying our own dances.
8. Galloping – consist of sliding movement or
8. Preserve prosperity, folk dances and music
stepping and a quick cut with one foot leading.
which indigenous to the regions of the Philippines.

9. Gain strength, flexibility and balance.

- Non-locomotor Skills – are
movements of any part of the body in
space using the feet as the fixed base. FACTORS AFFECTING FOLK DANCING:
1. Flexion – bending or shortening of the body part 1. Geographical Location
occurring at a joint.
2. Economic Condition child, give thanks for having recovered from
sickness and ceremonies to drive away evil spirits.
3. Climatic Condition
2. OCCUPATIONAL DANCES - these are dances
4. Customs and Traditions that depict actions, characteristics, a certain
occupation, industries and phases of human labor.

3. COMIC DANCES - these are dances depicting

CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE FOLK
funny and humorous movements for entertainment.
DANCES:
4. GAME DANCES - are dances that have some
1. Most dances begins and ends with a saludo.
play elements and for recreational purposes.
2. In general, dancers stand apart.
5. COURTHSHIP DANCES - dances that depicts
3. There is a little body contact, although holding love making.
hands are common.
6. WEDDING DANCE - are performed by
4. Most of the dancers are done in pairs. newlyweds, by friends and relatives of the bride
and groom or by father or the bride and the mother
5. Hand or arm movements play an important part. of the groom.
6. Our dances are performed by young, old and 7. FESTIVAL DANCES - these are performed in
both sexes. connections with celebrations, a feast, a barrio
fiesta, good harvest and good fortune.
7. Many of the dances are done in a long formation.
8. WAR DANCE - these are intended to show
8. Dances from lowland have more foreign
imaginary combat or duel with the use of fighting
elements than those found in upland.
implements like bolo, kris or spear.
9. War dances are found among non-Christian
tribes.
C. MOVEMENTS

1. ACTIVE- with fast and energetic movements.

2. MODERATE
CLASSIFICATION OF PHILIPPINE DANCES:
3. SLOW
A. GEOGRAPHICAL EXTENT OF ORIGIN
4. SLOW AND FAST
1. NATIONAL DANCES- these are traditional
dances throughout the Philippines with a common
basic movements pattern with slight variations.

2. LOCAL OR REGIONAL DANCES- these are

dances found in a certain localities.

D. FORMATION

B. NATURE 1. SQUARE

1. RELIGIOUS OR CEREMONIAL DANCES - 2. LONG FORMATION- 2 or more parallel lines

these are dances that are performed in connection
3. SET- consisting of 2 or more pairs as a unit
with religious vows, practices, ask favor to have a
partners facing each other or standing side by side.
 5. CABECERAS – when dancers are in a
square formation, the couples occupying the
FUNDAMENTALS DANCE POSITIONS width side. The Head couples.
6. COSTADOS – the couple occupying the
FEET POSITIONS
length side of the square or side pairs.
1st position - heels close together; toes apart 7. CUT – to displace quickly one foot with the
making an angle of about ninety degrees. other, thus completely taking off the weight
of the body from the displaced foot.
2nd position - feet apart sideward of about pace 8. DOS-a- Dos ( dosido/back to back ) – the
distance. vis a vis (opposite) both advanced forward
pass each other’s right or left side, step
3rd position - heel of one foot close to in step of
across the right or left move backward
other foot.
without turning around pass each other left
4th position - one foot infront of the other foot of or right side to proper places.
about a pace distance. 9. DRAW – to pull one foot along the floor
closer to the other foot which has the weight
5th position - heel of front foot close to big toe of of the body.
rear foot. 10. HAPAY – to flourish or offer a handkerchief,
hat or glass of wine to somebody as a sign
of invitation.
ARM POSITIONS 11. HAYON-HAYON – to place one forearm in
front and the other at the back of the waist.
1st position - arms raised forward in a circle in front 12. INSIDE FOOT/ INSIDE HAND – the foot or
of chest with finger tips about an inch apart. hand nearest to ones partners when
standing side by side.
2nd position – arms raised sideward with graceful
13. JALEO – partners turn once around
curve a little below shoulder level.
clockwise (with the right elbow almost
3rd position – one arm raised as in 2nd position, touching) or counter clockwise (with left
other arm raised overhead. elbow almost touching) using walking or any
kind of dance step. The hands near each
4th position – one arm raised in front of chest in a other are on waist.
half circle, other arm raised overhead. 14. KUMINTANG – moving the hand from wrist
either in clockwise or counterclockwise
5th position – both arms raised overhead. direction.
15. MASIWAK – to turn the hand from the wrist
halfway clockwise then raise and lower wrist
DANCE TERMS once or twice.
16. PATAY – to bend the head downward and
1. ABRASETE – girls at the right side, hold to support the forehead with the R(L)
right arm of partner with her left hand down forearm or with the crook of the R(L) elbow
at the sides or holding the skirts. while the L(R) hands support lightly the
2. ARMS IN LATERAL POSITION - both arms palm of the R(L) hand.
are at one side, either sideward right or left, 17. PLACE – to put the foot in a certain or
this may be done at shoulder, chest, or desired position without putting weight on it.
waist level. 18. PIVOT – to turn with the ball, heel or whole
3. BILAO – to turn palms of hands up and foot on a fixed place.
down alternately, hands at waist level in 19. POINT – touch the floor light with the toes of
front. one foot, weight of the body on the other
4. BRUSH – weight of one foot; hit the floor foot.
with the ball or heel of the other foot.
20. SALOK – to swing the arm downward can be done both as a Latin dance or a rhythm
upward passing on front of the body as if dance.
scooping, the trunk is bent forward following
the movement of the arm doing salok. CHA-CHA-CHA – was welcomed throughout
21. SALUDO – partners bow to each other, to the western world and stil is great favorite of
audience, opposite dancers. dancers of all ages. Its name was taken from
22. SAROK – cross the R(L) foot in the front of the sound made by the feet of the dancer of the
the L(R) bend the body slightly forward and floor when they dance the chasse.
cross the hands down infront with the R or JIVE – an international style swing, jive has
(L) hand over the L (or R). more of staccato, bouncy look to it than dos
23. STAMP – to bring down the foot forcibly and cast coast swing, jive bounces up, while east
noisily on the floor. coast swing bounce down.
24. STEP – to advance or recede by raising or
moving one foot to another resting place. PASO DOBLE – is an international – style
25. SUPPORTING FOOT – the foot that bears dance that’s very dramatic and its supposed to
the weight of the body. look like a bull fighter. The posture is distinct,
26. TAP – to tap slightly with the ball or toe of with shoulders thrown way back, and this dance
the free foot. There is no change of transfer is unique in that attention tends to be focused
of weight. on the man.
27. WALTZ – step right or left close left or right.
28. WALTZ BALANCE – step right or left close MAMBO – a very fast American- style rhythm
left or right raise heel (both), heels down dance, the mambo is closely related to cha-cha
(both). and the club salsa.

FOXTROT – a medium speed smooth or

standard dance, the foxtrot has both a back
BALLROOM AND SOCIAL DANCES: step basic and a progressive basic step.

Ballroom dancing as we know today is made up TANGO – is characterized by sudden, dramatic

two distinct types of dances, namely: changes in position and direction and emphasis
on staccato movements which differentiate it
Modern and Latin dances. Modern dances were from other smooth and standard chances.
first on the scene, and own much of their
existence to a new sound originated in America SWING – a slow to fast speed rhythm dance,
and was let loose to the world in the early years east coast swing is lazy and energetic of the
of the 20th century. This new sound of Afro – same time. This triple step swing can modified
American origin was called Ragtime. to single step (which can be transformed into a
jitter bug) of double step version and with
certain rhythm changes.
LATIN DANCES:

RUMBA – became the first Latin dance to be

included in the west’s social calendar dance. It
is a dance that is relatively simple for the
beginner to learn. It began as fertility during
which dancers mimicked the courtship displays
of birds and animals prior to mating.

SAMBA – this dance is an integral part of

Brazilian culture. Originally a folk dance from
Brazil’s Carnival. Samba is a quick dance which