Republic of the Philippines

University of Eastern Philippines

Laoang Campus
Laoang, Northern Samar

ART
APPRECIATION

____________________________
Student
____________________________
Course & Section

Joy C. Amigo, LPT

Subject Teacher
ABOUT THE COURSE:

This course provides basic knowledge and skills about the background, basic skills and
playing rules of different team sports. This includes techniques and strategies in playing these
sports. Competencies in teaching, updates in rules and participation are also a part of this course.

Our Official Schedule is

GE 6A 7:00AM – 8:00 AM MWF BSCRIM 1

1026292

GE 6A 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM MWF BEED1

1048853

STUDY TIPS
How will you maximize your learning in this subject? Here are some tips:
1. You are the master of your fate. Meaning, your success will totally depend on how you
will strive to pass the subject.
2. Do not procrastinate. Manage your time well in reading the module and answering the
concepts checks. Remember, this is not the only module you will be reading as there are
module in your other subjects.
3. Be mindful of your study schedule. After getting the study schedule for all your
subjects, make a general study schedule for all your subjects.
4. Take note of deadlines of submission. But it would be better if you could submit ahead
of time.
5. While reading the modules, you may encounter some words which are quite
unfamiliar to you, hence, a dictionary can be of help in this situation.
6. While modules contain concepts taken from various sources, you are still encouraged
to look for other references along the topics in the module to validate the ideas coming from the
authors referred to in this module.
7. Keep your modules in good condition, the way we also keep our books and other
reading materials in a safe place.
8. In answering the activities, particularly the Concept Check after every lesson, please
bear in mind that you don’t have the copy what is in the module. Your answer should manifest
more of your understanding as well as the higher thinking skills of analysis and synthesis.
 9. Be sure to take note of the University Link where you would submit your requirements.
After submitting, make a private message telling me of the details; what you submitted and the
date and time of submission.
10. While waiting for your journal to checked and returned, please work on the next
module and make a draft for the meantime.
11. If there are clarifications regarding the modules and the content, for as long as they
related to the subject do not hesitate to contact me through our messenger group chat or my
mobile number 09496569470. However, be sure to introduce yourself on your first message.
12. You are the learner. While you can ask for help from other people, like your siblings
or parents, the bulk of the work rests on you, my dear students. Let us ensure that the values of
honesty, patience, and perseverance would be exhibited in you, dear future
teachers/professionals.
Module Organization
The whole module material for this course is composed of four (4) modules. Each
module is made of the following parts:
1. Module Number and Title
2. Overview. The overview describes the course in general and how the module could be helpful
in you as learner.
3. Learning Outcomes. The learning outcomes are the target competencies which you are
expected to gain after learning the module.
4. Lessons. The module is divided into lesson chunks or mini-lesson
5. Concept Check. After every mini lesson is a Concept Check. This is an open-ended question
in which measures your understanding of the concepts in the lesson chunk.
6. Feedback. The feedback is your teacher’s way of checking your journey in learning the
module and measures your readiness in moving to the next module.
7. Summary. This is the synthesis of the concepts presented in the module.
8. Suggested Readings/Videos. These are some links which were not included in the main
references for the module but are materials to read to watch on the internet to give you more
understanding about the topics.

Study Schedule

Week and Dates Topic Activity

Week 1 Course Orientation, 1. Read the course guide thoroughly

Grading System, 2. Be sure a member of the messenger
Requirements, Relevance of group Chat for this subject.
the Course
 3. As a manifestation of your first attempt to
Assumptions and Nature of be recognized in the class, please
Arts, Creativity, introduce yourself.
and Imagination 4. Your course syllabus is posted in your
google classroom. If there will be a way as
there is always a way if you will really
intend to, please access your Google
account.
Week 2-4 Module 1 1. Read and understand module 1.
2. Answer the Concept Check after every
Functions of Art and lesson in your module.
Philosophy 3. Your module should be submitted
Subject and Content online through Google classroom and
Art and Artisans, Production Gmail account.
Process, Medium, Technique,
Curation
Week 5-8 Module 2 1. Read and understand module 2.
2. Answer the Concept Check after every
Elements and Principles of Arts lesson in your module.
Art History (Asia) 3. Your module should be submitted
online through Google classroom and
Gmail account.
Week 9 1. Please be updated on the Messenger
Mid-term Examination Group Chat for the detailed instructions
for the Midterm Examination.
Week 10-12 Module: 3 1. Read and understand Module 3
Art History (Western and 2. Answer the Concept Check after every
Philippines) lesson in your module.
Your module should be submitted
online through Google classroom and
Gmail account.
Week 13 – 17 Module: 4 1. Read and understand Module 4.
Soulmaking (Soul, Sound, 2. Answer the Concept Check after every
Structure) lesson in your module.
3. Your module should be submitted
Workshops on online through Google classroom and
Improvisations, Installation, Gmail account.
Transcreation

Local Arts
Week 18 Final Examination

Assessment Tasks
How will you be graded in this subject? To pass the subject, you should submit all required
activities and pass the exams.
 1. Module. There are set of activities indicated on your module that you need to answer
comprehensively.
2. Midterm Examination. You must pass the Midterm Examination which will be
accomplished through your mobile account. Details of the examination will be posted in
our Messenger Group Chat.
3. Final Examination. You must pass the final Examination which will be accomplished
through your mobile account. Details of the examination will be posted in our Messenger
Group Chat
In computing your final grade for G.E 6, the following percentages will be allotted for the
above mentioned assessment task
Outputs 40%
Midterm Examination 30%
Final Examination 30%
Total 100%

Again, welcome to G.E.6 and have fun in learning the subject.

MODULE 3
Elements and Principles of Arts

LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Identify the elements of art.
 Analyze the various elements present in visual, auditory, and combined arts.
 Identify the principles of design
 Define and translate principles of design in an artwork
 Determine contemporary arts dominant elements used in hybrid or modified art expressions.

INTRODUCTION
In this unit, you will begin to learn the terms that used to describe and analyses any work
of art, and you will explore the principles of design – the means by which the elements in a work
of art are arranged and orchestrated.
ELEMENTS OF ARTS

1. Visual Elements are Line - Shape - Tone - Color - Pattern - Texture - Form.
They are the building blocks of composition in art. When we analyze any drawing, painting,
sculpture or design, we examine these component parts to see how they combine to create the
overall effect of the artwork.

The Visual Elements have a relationship to one another:

 Most images begin their life as line drawings.

 Lines cross over one another to form shapes.
 Shapes can be filled with tone and color, or repeated to create pattern.
 A shape may be rendered with a rough surface to create a texture.
 A shape may be projected into three dimensions to create form.

Each of the elements may also be used individually to stress their own particular character
in an artwork.

Different elements can express qualities such as movement and rhythm, space and depth, growth
and structure, harmony and contrast, noise and calm and a wide range of emotions that make up
the subjects of great art.

The Visual Elements – Line

Line is the foundation of all drawing. It is the first and most versatile of
the visual elements of art. Line in an artwork can be used in many
different ways. It can be used to suggest shape, pattern, form,
structure, growth, depth, distance, rhythm, movement and a range of
emotions.

We have a psychological response to different types of lines:

 Curved lines suggest comfort and ease

LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452-1519)
 Horizontal lines suggest distance and calm A Study for an Equestrian Monument,
 Vertical lines suggest height and strength
1488 (metalpoint on blue paper)
 Jagged lines suggest turmoil and anxiety

The way we draw a line can convey different expressive qualities:

 Freehand lines can express the personal energy and mood of the artist
 Mechanical lines can express a rigid control
 Continuous lines can lead the eye in certain directions
 Broken lines can express the ephemeral or the insubstantial
 Thick lines can express strength
 Thin lines can express delicacy
The Visual Elements – Shape

Shape can be natural or man-made, regular or irregular, flat (2-dimensional) or

solid (3-dimensional), representational or abstract, geometric or organic,
transparent or opaque, positive or negative, decorative or symbolic, colored,
patterned or textured.

The Perspective of Shapes: The angles and curves of shapes appear to

change depending on our viewpoint. The technique we use to describe this
change is called perspective drawing.
FRANCIS CAMPBELL BOILEAU
CADELL (1883-1937)
The Behaviour of Shapes: The Blue Fan, 1922 (oil on
canvas)
 Shapes can be used to control your feelings in the composition of an
artwork
 Squares and Rectangles can portray strength and stability
 Circles and Ellipses can represent continuous movement
 Triangles can lead the eye in an upward movement
 Inverted Triangles can create a sense of imbalance and tension

The Visual Elements - Tone

Tone is the lightness or darkness of a color. The tonal values of an artwork can
be adjusted to alter its expressive character.

Tone can be used:

 to create a contrast of light and dark.

 to create the illusion of form. JOHANNES VERMEER (1632-1675)
 to create a dramatic or tranquil atmosphere. Girl with the Pearl Earring, 1665 (oil
on canvas)
 to create a sense of depth and distance.
 to create a rhythm or pattern within a composition.
Great artworks that feature the use of tone.

The Visual Elements - Color

Color is the visual element that has the strongest effect on our emotions.
We use color to create the mood or atmosphere of an artwork.
There are many different approaches to the use of color:

 Color as light
 Color as tone
 Color as pattern
 Color as form WASSILY KANDINSKY (1866-1944)
 Color as symbol Autumn Landscape with Boats, 1908
(oil on board)
 Color as movement
 Color as harmony
 Color as contrast
 Color as mood
The Visual Elements - Pattern

Pattern is made by repeating or echoing the elements of an artwork to

communicate a sense of balance, harmony, contrast, rhythm or movement.

There are two basic types of pattern in art: Natural Pattern and Man-Made
Pattern. Both natural and man-made patterns can be regular or irregular,
organic or geometric, structural or decorative, positive or negative and
repeating or random.

Natural Pattern: Pattern in art is often based on the inspiration we get from
observing the natural patterns that occur in nature. We can see these in the PAUL KLEE (1879-1940)
shape of a leaf and the branches of a tree, the structure of a crystal, and the Dream City, 1921
(warercolor and oil)
spiral of a shell, the symmetry of a snowflake and the camouflage and signaling
patterns on animals, fish and insects.

Man-Made Pattern: Pattern in art is used for both structural and decorative purposes. For
example, an artist may plan the basic structure of an artwork by creating a compositional pattern
of lines and shapes. Within that composition he/she may develop its visual elements to create a
more decorative pattern of color, tone and texture across the work.

Great artworks that feature the use of pattern.

The Visual Elements – Texture

Texture is the surface quality of an artwork - the roughness or smoothness of

the material from which it is made. We experience texture in two
ways: optically (through sight) and physically (through touch).

Optical Texture: An artist may use his/her skillful painting technique to create
the illusion of texture. For example, in the detail from a traditional Dutch still life
above you can see remarkable verisimilitude (the appearance of being real) in
the painted insects and drops of moisture on the silky surface of the flower petals.

Physical Texture: An artist may paint with expressive brushstrokes whose

texture conveys the physical and emotional energy of both the artist and his/her
subject. They may also use the natural texture of their materials to suggest their JAN VAN HUYSUM (1682-1747)
own unique qualities such as the grain of wood, the grittiness of sand, the flaking Detail of Bouquet of Flowers in an
Urn, 1724 (oil on canvas)
of rust, the coarseness of cloth and the smear of paint.

Ephemeral Texture: This is a third category of textures whose fleeting forms are subject to
change like clouds, smoke, flames, bubbles and liquids.

The Visual Elements - Form

Form is the physical volume of a shape and the space that it occupies.

 Form can be representational or abstract.

 Form generally refers to sculpture, 3D design and architecture but

may also relate to the illusion of 3D on a 2D surface.

Three-Dimensional Form can be modelled (added form), carved

(subtracted form) and constructed (built form). It can be created from
sculptural materials like clay, wax, plaster, wood, stone, concrete, cast and
IGOR MITORAJ (1944-2014)
constructed metal, plastics, resins, glass and mixed media. It may also be Tindaro Screpolato (Tyndareus
kinetic, involving light and movement generated by natural, mechanical and Cracked), 1998 (bronze)
electronic means. More recently the CAD process of 3D printing has been
added to the list of sculptural processes.

Two-Dimensional Form constructs the illusion of 3D in 2D media by a skillful manipulation of the

visual elements. Perspective drawing, trompe l'oeil [1], 3D computer graphics programs and
holograms are examples of 2D form.

2. Auditory Art
This includes music in all its forms but not song, opera, and those arts that combine music with
literature. Just as the medium of visual art is sight, so the medium of auditory art is sound.

In auditory art there is—unlike visual art—no physical object (other than the score, which as has
been seen is not the music). There is only the temporally successive series of sounds: sound
waves emanating from the various instruments. While no such tones are being emitted, no sounds
exist; only the musical score exists (and the memories of listeners, some of whom might enable
the score to be reproduced if it were lost), from which music can be reproduced. Unlike the
existence of paintings and sculptures, the existence of musical sounds is intermittent.

PRINCIPLES OF ART

The Principles of Art (or the principles of design) are essentially a set of criteria which are used
to explain how the visual elements are arranged in a work of art. These principles are possibly
the closest thing we have to a set of objective criteria for analyzing and judging art.

Art is a notoriously gray area when it comes objectively defining what is great and what is not.
The principles of art help combat this gray area to some extent. They allow us to communicate
what makes a great painting great with an element of objectivity and consistency.
 Pattern. Pattern is a very important design concept which
refers to the visual arrangement of elements with a
repetitive form or intelligible sequence.
Pattern is not always obvious. It could be a simple
underlying notan design (Notan means dark versus
light harmony) which dances between light and dark in some
kind of sequence. Or it could be the use of similar color
patterns throughout your painting.
In the painting below, notice how the top arm of the
subject almost blends into the background, and how the legs
blend into the cloth, and the cloth blends into the rest of the
foreground. This interlinking pattern drags you through the
painting and creates a very interesting design.
(Joaquin Sorolla, Bacchante, 1886)

 Balance. Balance is concerned with the visual distribution or weight of

the elements in a work of art. A painting could be balanced if one half
is of the same visual weight as the other half. Or, you could have a
small area of heightened significance which is balanced against a much
larger area of less significance, like in the painting below. In the painting
below, notice how the dark areas used for the boat and foreground
appear balanced against the much larger area of soft, tinted colors.
(Efim Volkov, Seascape, 1895

TYPES OF BALANCE
1. Symmetrical Balance. Symmetrical balance is when both sides of a piece are
equal; that is, they are identical or almost identical. Symmetrical balance can
be established by drawing an imaginary line through the center of the work,
either horizontally or vertically, and making each half identically or very visually
similar.

2. Asymmetrical Balance - creates tension through contrast and is much more

visually interesting. Because it’s abstract, there is no symmetry; there are no
perfect mirror images. Instead, you’re arranging elements of all different visual
weights in such a way that each side is still balanced out.

3. Radial Balance - elements radiate out (in a circular shape) from one main
center point. If you’re looking to create a strong focal point, radial balance is an
effective technique because your eyes are naturally drawn inwards to the
center.
 Emphasis. Emphasis is a way of using elements to stress a certain area
in an artwork. Emphasis is really just another way to describe a focal point
in your artwork. In the painting below, there is strong emphasis on the moon
through the use of color contrast.

(George Henry, River Landscape By Moonlight, 1887)

 Contrast. Contrast is everything in art. Without it, an artwork would be

nothing but a blank surface. Contrast can come in many forms:

Texture contrast: A contrast between smooth and textured. Many of Vincent

van Gogh's paintings are great examples of texture contrast in action.

(Texture contrast)

Color contrast: A contrast between light and dark, saturated and dull or
complementary colors (hue contrast). For example, in the painting below, the
highly saturated red contrasts against the relatively dull colors in the rest of the
painting.
(Color contrast)

Detail contrast: A contrast between areas of detail and more bland areas, like in
the painting below.

Shape contrast: A contrast between different shapes (rectangles and circles). For
example, in the painting there are the curving shapes created by the winding paths,
water and trees contrast against the rectangular shapes of the buildings.

Interval contrast: A contrast between long and short intervals. In the painting below,
notice the variation in the lengths of the intervals between the trees. The interval
contrast can be used to create a sense of rhythm in your artwork.
 Harmony and Unity. Harmony is a bit vague compared to some of the
other principles. Generally speaking, it refers to how well all the visual
elements work together in a work of art. Elements which are
in harmony should have some kind of logical progression or
relationship. If there is an element which is not in harmony with the rest
of an artwork, it should stick-out and be jarring to look at. Kind of like
an off-note in a song.

You will usually be able to tell just from judgment if all the elements
are in harmony. It will just look right. However, if the painting looks off, then
it can be difficult to tell if that is because there is no harmony between the
elements or if there is some other issue.

 Unity. Refers to some kind of connection between all the visual

elements in a work of art. Like harmony, this is a bit of a vague term
which is difficult to objectively use to analyze art.
The painting below demonstrates a strong sense of unity through
the use of a similar hues used throughout the painting. Even though there
is a strong contrast between the light and dark areas, there is a sense of
unity created through the use of similar hues (dark yellows, oranges and
greens are used in the foreground and light yellows, oranges and greens
are used in the background)
(George Henry, Noon, 1885)

 Variety. Variety refers to the use of differing qualities or instances of the visual
elements. Variety can be used to break up monotonous or repetitive areas.

(Tom Thomson, Maple Saplings, 1917)

 Movement. Your paints cannot physically move, but you can arrange the paints in a way
which gives the illusion or suggestion of movement.
One of the most effective techniques for creating movement in your painting is to use bold
and directional brushwork. By doing this, you can suggestively push your viewer around the
painting as you please. You could also suggest movement through repetition or pattern.

(Joaquín Sorolla, Sea And Rocks - Javea, 1900 (Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night Over The Rhone, 1888)
 Proportion. Proportion concerns the relationship between the sizes of different parts in an
artwork. For example, the width compared to the length, the area of the sky compared to the
land or the area of foreground compared to the background.

Some proportions are considered to be visually pleasing, such as the rule of thirds (The
rule of thirds – used frequently by photographers – states that if you divide any composition into
thirds, vertically and horizontally, then place the key elements of your image either along these
lines or at the junctions of them, you’ll achieve a more pleasing arrangement and more interesting
and dynamic)and the golden ratio (The Golden Ratio is a term used to describe how elements
within a piece of art can be placed in the most aesthetically pleasing way).

In this painting by Giovanni Boldini, notice how the proportions of

the female subject's hands, face, feet and torso are all accurate. If Boldini
painted the hand too large compared to the rest of the subject's body,
there would be an issue of proportion

(Giovanni Boldini, A Guitar Player, 1873)

 Scale. Scale refers to the size of an object compared to the rest of the
surroundings. For example, the size of a man compared to the tree he
is sitting under or the size of a mountain compared to the clouds. Scale
is different to proportion in that scale refers to the size of an entire object
whereas proportion refers to the relative size of parts of an object. For
example, the scale of a man relative to the rest of the painting may be
correct, but the proportion might be wrong because his hands are too
large

Art has the ability to make our world more beautiful and make
certain information more interesting which can open the doors of perception and cause a person
to realize something or be more aware of some other possibility. Art can also inspire people to
think more and to dream more. Art is truly a blessing, and a very unique expression of
human intelligence.

What is contemporary fine art culture?

1. Painting
Painting is a type of fine art that utilizes pigmented colors by applying them to canvas, paper, or
any other flat surface with or without a paintbrush. Oil, acrylics, watercolors, or pastels may also
be used. Fine artists have been known to employ anything from chapel ceilings, glass windows,
dumpster-dived couches, to old closet doors as painting surfaces. This area of fine art includes
drawing, usually with pencils, markers, paint markers, charcoal, crayons, and chalk.

2. Sculpture
Sculpture is a visual art defined by the artists shaping, molding, and forming, shapes, and figures.
The freedom of sculpture is the varied materials that can be used to do this such as stone, wire,
metal, bronze, ivory, wood, plastic, clay, and other unique mediums to create structures and
forms. Some unique contemporary sculpture exhibitions have even used pieces of clothing,
colored pencils, and pennies.

3. Architecture
Architecture is the study and the design, planning, and construction of buildings, often based on
different time periods such as Victorian, Gothic, Plantation, Colonial, or Greek Corthinian. Today,
some common architectural styles that may be recognizable are American Craftsman, Mid-
Century Modern, and High-tech architecture of the 21st century. More contemporary architecture
designs are expressive and sometimes represent everyday items, such as the 1.5 billion dollar
Hollywood, Florida Hard Rock Casino, The Guitar Hotel.

4. Poetry
Poetry is a form of literary writing which utilizes rhythm or freeform styles in the expression of
thoughts and feelings. Poetry can be written about anything from the social to the political,
romantic, and natural. Some forms of poetry call for specific syllables, lines, stanzas, and meter.
They can be extremely simple or complex, utilizing literary techniques and figurative languages
such as metaphor, similes, hyperboles, personification, and alliteration.
Poetry has also evolved to include the more contemporary, spoken word poetry having its roots
in the Harlem Renaissance, Beat Poets era, Call and Response of African culture, and
competitive poetry slams for youth and adults. Poetry is often paired with the fine art forms of
painting and drawing, sculpture, and dance. Some of the world’s most renowned poets are Rumi,
Walt Whitman, Robert Frost, Emily Dickinson, Gwendolyn Brooks, Maya Angelou, Amiri Baraka,
Gil Scott-Heron, Nikki Giovanni, Asia Samson, Nayyirah Waheed, Rupi Kaur, and Jasmine Mans.

5. Music
The purpose of music is to vocalize or use instruments to express feelings, thoughts, and
harmony. The universal language of music underpins many world cultures and is a source of
historical narrative storytelling. Music is a form of rhythmic communication involving various
instruments such as percussion (yes, this includes the Piano), woodwind, brass, and string. Music
is accompanied by lyricists on many occasions, or without and falls under several genres such as
Blues, Jazz, Folk, Reggae, Country, Hip Hop, Opera, Classic, Film Scores, Indie, Techno, Rock,
Classic Rock, R&B, Trance, Heavy Metal, and Gospel.

6. Literature
Literature is comprised of the written word and associated with a collection of written work. It does
not denote anything specific in its most barebones definition, only that the work be a written work
respectively. Literature is further recognized as books, magazines, and plays; falling into genres
such as Fiction, Nonfiction, Poetry, Short Story, Flash Fiction, Mystery, Romance, Science
Fiction, Essay, Memoir, Crime, Speculative, Anthology, Epic, Fable, Autobiography, and literature
by language e.g. French Literature, Latin Literature, and German Literature.

7. Dance
The performance fine art form of dance is the use of the body for expression of thought and
emotion, with or without music. Dance is often pre-choreographed, rhythmic, sequential, and
cultural. Types of dance are Ballet, Modern and Contemporary, Jazz, Ballroom, Hip-hop, Folk,
and Performance Art.

Ironically, the 7 fine art disciplines are extraordinary in that they are free enough to at some point
evoke one another yet complete enough to stand strong on their own. But, altogether an onlooker
can witness 7 disciplines working in unison, or 3-4 of the 7 disciplines forming one work of art,
such as in a play that utilizes the spoken word with poetry, music and vocalizing, dancing, and
the architecture of the sets. This is indicative of how fine art sustains itself, with itself, but must
also be intentionally sustained by society.

Assessment Task 1: (10 points)

1. What can you say the artwork of Edvard Munch “The Scream” by means of
elements and principles of arts.

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________
Assessment Task 2 (Individual)

Choose one of the contemporary arts as your individual practicum. Your original Arts output
should related to the current issues in the Philippines. This will be submitted in school
before the deadline.

Contemporary Arts Mechanics

a. Painting ¼ of illustration board ART RUBRIC

send your 1 min time-
lapse in our group
chats
your original artwork Quality of Artwork 20
b. Sculpture Any type of material
(All instruction were followed correctly,
use related to the theme)
Creativity 20
(Includes own idea)
c. Architecture Any type of material 20
use Craftsmanship’s
(Strong integration of elements and
d. Poetry Put it in bond paper (
principles of arts)
A4 size ) Engagement
Make a video (or (Perform with unusual amount of energy, 20
lyrics) of your output focus, intensity and conviction, replicate
(Bring USB, phones, rhythmic patterns)
any type of devices to
Punctuality
transmit your work.) 20
(Artworks was submitted on time)
e. Music Put it in bond paper (
A4 size )
Make a video (or
lyrics) of your output Type of Contemporary Arts: ________________________
(Bring USB, phones,
any type of devices to Grade:
transmit your work.)
f. Literature Put it in bond paper (
A4 size )
Make a video (or Students Name: _____________________________
lyrics) of your output Course & Yr.: _________________________________
(Bring USB, phones, Date Submitted: ______________________________
any type of devices to
transmit your work.)
g. Dance Make a video of your
output (Bring USB,
phones, any type of
devices to transmit
your work.)
SUMMARY
 Visual Elements are line, shape, tone, color, pattern, texture and form.
 Line is the foundation of all drawing.
 It is the first and most versatile of the visual elements of art.
 Shape can be natural or man-made, regular or irregular, flat (2-dimensional) or solid (3-
dimensional), representational or abstract, geometric or organic, transparent or opaque,
positive or negative, decorative or symbolic, colored, patterned or textured.
 Tone is the lightness or darkness of a color.
 Color is the visual element that has the strongest effect on our emotions.
 Pattern is made by repeating or echoing the elements of an artwork to communicate a
sense of balance, harmony, contrast, rhythm or movement.
 There are two basic types of pattern in art: Natural Pattern and Man-Made Pattern.
 Texture is the surface quality of an artwork - the roughness or smoothness of the
material from which it is made.
 Form is the physical volume of a shape and the space that it occupies.
 Auditory art includes music in all its forms but not song, opera, and those arts that
combine music with literature.
 The Principles of Art (or the principles of design) are essentially a set of criteria which
are used to explain how the visual elements are arranged in a work of art.
 Pattern is a very important design concept which refers to the visual arrangement of
elements with a repetitive form or intelligible sequence.
 Balance is concerned with the visual distribution or weight of the elements in a work of
art.
 Types of Balance: Symmetrical Balance, Asymmetrical Balance, Radial Balance,
 Emphasis is a way of using elements to stress a certain area in an artwork.
 Contrast is everything in art. Without it, an artwork would be nothing but a blank surface.
 Contrast can come in many forms: texture contrast, color contrast, detail contrast, shape
contrast, interval contrast,
 Harmony is a bit vague compared to some of the other principles. Generally speaking, it
refers to how well all the visual elements work together in a work of art.
 Unity refers to some kind of connection between all the visual elements in a work of art.
 Variety refers to the use of differing qualities or instances of the visual elements.
 Proportion concerns the relationship between the sizes of different parts in an artwork.
 Scale refers to the size of an object compared to the rest of the surroundings.
 Contemporary Art meaning “the art of today,” more broadly includes artwork produced
during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. It generally defines art produced after the
Modern Art movement to the present day.
 Contemporary fine art: painting, sculpture, architecture, poetry, music, literature, and
dance.

REFERENCES
 Sining at Lipunan, Flores and De la Paz, 20001 pp. 24-26
 Art in Focus, Interactive Student ed., Gene A. Mittler, 2006, pp. 2639 (Elements), pp. 40-
49 (Principles)
 Alampat: An Introduction to Art Appreciation, Perez, Cayas, andNarciso, 2013, pp. 61-
95 (Elements)s pp. 97-106 (Principles)
 Art: Perception and Appreciation, Ortiz et al., 1978, pp. 75-179
 Merce Cunningham• Fifty Years, Vaughan and Harris, 1997, pp. 10, 60-61, 100-101
(dance technique)
 Art in Focus, Miter, 2006, pp. 2639 (Elements), pp. 40-49 (Principles)
 Alampat: An Introduction to Art Appreciation, Perez, Cayas, and Narciso, 2013, pp. 61-
95 (Elements), pp. 93-97 (Principles)
 Centino, RB(2020) Module in Art Appreciation,University of Eastern Philippines,
Laoang Campus