Boiler Feed Water System 24

Boiler Feed Water System
Under passage conditions, with the main engine running at its continuous
service speed, the main engine exhaust produces sufficient waste heat to
supply the ship’s steam requirements. The waste heat is routed to the
smoke tube boiler. During low main engine revolutions, or when the
engine is stopped, the auxiliary boiler produces the required steam.
The condensate and feed water system provides boiler water for both
boilers, and is taken from the feed water filter tank (or Hotwell).
Two boiler feed water pumps are provided, each with a capacity of
8.6m³/h at 120 mTH. They supply both boilers with a recirculation
facility, feeding back to the feed water filter tank.
There are two feed water-filling valves for each boiler. One is manually
operated and controlled locally, the other is air operated and controlled by
the water in the boiler via the boiler control panel. Boiler water level in
both boilers is indicated remotely at the engine control console and
locally at the boiler control panels and boiler gauge glasses.
The Feed water filter tank should be kept around 3m³ and is checked
three times a day by the duty engineer when he does his checks. He can
fill up the tank from a filling valve from the FW systems. The
temperature in the tank should be kept above 90*C but below the high
temperature alarm of 95*C. The steam pressure in the boilers are kept at a
working pressure of 7 bar.
TO FILL EITHER BOILERS

1) Ensure that the feed water filter tank is satisfactory. If necessary,
make up from the FW water system.
2) Ensure that air is available for the air-operated valves.
3) Open the boiler feed pump suction and discharge valves.
4) Deploy the chemical dosing unit as required.
5) Open each pump’s recirculation valve as necessary.
6) Ensure that the tank outlet valve is open.
7) Open the boiler-filling valve.
8) Open the boiler air vent valve.
9) Start the selected pump and fill the boiler to a low working level,
ensuring tank level is maintained, and stop the selected pump.
10) Test the water level indicators both local and remote.
TO OPERATE EITHER BOILER FEED WATER SYSTEM

1) As the selected boiler is warmed and steam pressure gradually
raised, the boiler water level will rise. This rise will be indicated by
the boiler water gauge glass(es). If necessary, blow down the boiler
to maintain the working level.
2) Test the level gauges by blowing down the gauges through the
gauge shut-off valves; this will remove any obstructions in the
gauge piping.
3) Shut the boiler air vent valve when steam is blowing steadily.
4) Start one feed pump and place the other on standby.
5) Ensure that the feed water filter tank level is correct and being
maintained as the pump runs.
BOILER WATER TREATMENT

The development of the modern marine boilers and associated equipment
has resulted in the need for close control of feed and boiler water quality.
Accurate control of water treatment is therefore necessary to maintain
high efficiency in these units.
A feed water chemical dosing unit is fitted and injects water treatment
chemicals into the feed water system downstream of No 2 Pump (shown
on Diagrams). A boiler feed water sampling facility is provided and
enables both boilers water to be sampled. A sample water cooler is fitted
upstream of the sample outlet (shown on diagrams).
SCALE PREVENTIONS
Water containing dissolved and suspended solids flows into the boiler
continuously, because the steam generated is almost pure, the solids are
left behind and build up over time. Latent heat is converted into sensible
heat in the boiler metal and, if scale retards the removal of this heat by the
water inside the boiler, metal temperature may become excessive and
ruptures may occur.
Internal scale deposits of calcium and magnesium salts and iron oxides
are minimised provided that the hard salts and iron in the feed water are
controlled, and the reserves of caustic alkalinity and phosphate are
maintained.
CORROSION PREVENTION
Boilers and piping must be protected against general corrosion and
pitting. Corrosion of iron results when the water is non-alkali, or where
dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide or other gasses are present.
Corrosion in the steam and condensate lines is reduced to a minimum by
the use of filming amine to maintain the steam and condensate in a
slightly alkali condition.
CARRYOVER PREVENTION
Entrained moisture and associated solids passing from a boiler with the
steam are known as carryover. In order to avoid carryover, the boiler
water concentrations of solids must be maintained below the values at
which contamination of the steam becomes dangerous.
Additional causes of carryover other than the concentration of salts in the
boiler water are as follows;
1) High water level and load.
2) Presence of oil, grease and other foam-inducing materials in the
feed water.
Priming or carryover is avoided by the following:

1) Maintaining the correct water level.
2) Maintaining closely monitored control of feed water purity by the
use of correct chemical treatment, and regular blowing down
operations.
3) Positive prevention of oil or salt contamination.
REASONS FOR BLOWING DOWN THE BOILER
1) Reduce the density of the boiler water by reducing the water level and
refilling it with distilled water. Blowing down effects reduction of boiler
water concentrations of suspended solids or silica.
2) Empty the boiler prior to entry.
3) Reduce water level in an emergency.
Blowing down effects reduction of boiler water concentrations of
suspended solids or silica.

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Boiler Feed Water System 24

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Boiler Feed Water System

TO FILL EITHER BOILERS

TO OPERATE EITHER BOILER FEED WATER SYSTEM

BOILER WATER TREATMENT

Priming or carryover is avoided by the following:

REASONS FOR BLOWING DOWN THE BOILER

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