Unit 1 Progress Test B: Grammar
Unit 1 Progress Test B: Grammar
Unit 1 Progress Test B: Grammar
Grammar
1 Complete the text. Use the correct form of the words in brackets. Use active or passive forms.
Olive oil
As everybody knows, olive oil 1__________________ (produce) by pressing whole olives.
Every year, over three million tons of the oil 2__________________ (sell) worldwide, and the
number of consumers is rising. This is because, in recent years, olive oil
3
__________________ (market) as a healthy and tasty alternative to butter in much of
northern Europe and North America. The liquid has a long history. Archaeological evidence
shows that olives 4__________________ (turn) into oil as long ago as 6000 BC. The practice
5
__________________ (may / begin) in Mesopotamia, but nobody knows for sure. On the
island of Crete in the Mediterranean, vases for holding oil 6__________________ (find). Some
of these are over five thousand years old, suggesting that olive oil production in the
Mediterranean is also ancient. It 7__________________ (know) that the first oil presses
8
__________________ (invent) about two thousand years ago. Before that time, olives
9
__________________ (press) by hand. It is amazing to think that many of the dishes which
10
__________________ (must / prepare) by the Ancient Egyptians were as dependent on
olive oil as many of our dishes are today.
Mark: ___ / 10
2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1 People should allow teenagers to stay in bed longer.
Teenagers __________________________________ .
2 The council must have completed the repairs before they reopened the building.
The repairs _______________________ before the building _______________________ .
3 It is believed that nightmares are caused by eating too much cheese.
Nightmares __________________________________ too much cheese.
4 Since the mayor has only just opened the shopping centre, we can forgive the shops there for having very little stock.
Since the shopping centre _______________________ , the shops there _______________________ for having very
little stock.
5 People once believed that somebody had made the moon from cheese.
It _______________________ the moon _______________________ from cheese.
Mark: ___ / 10
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Sleepwalking
A Recent research has uncovered some remarkable facts about sleepwalking. It has been
established, for example, that most sleepwalkers rise from their beds during the first third of a
night’s sleep, during a stage of their sleeping cycle called non-REM sleep. During this stage,
they are in deep sleep, and their brains are very inactive. The fact that the brain is not really
thinking about anything explains why sleepwalkers walk around with blank expressions and, if
woken, can’t remember what they were doing. It also proves that the long-held belief that
sleepwalkers act out dreams is simply not true. Sleepwalkers can’t be dreaming if their brains
aren’t switched on. Remarkably, though, to my mind at least, the body, unlike the brain, is still
active during non-REM sleep. Most people toss and turn in bed early in their sleep cycle, and
pull at the bedsheets. Sleepwalkers simply take this behaviour to another level.
B While people of all ages may walk in their sleep, the phenomenon is most common in
young children. It is believed that this is because their brains are still developing, and,
therefore, more likely to get confused. Sleepwalking has been described as a state of the
brain in which the boundary between being awake and asleep is uncertain. Something in the
sleeper’s brain tells the body to move when it should be telling it to rest. It makes sense,
therefore, that sleepwalking children behave in the way they do. Not only is a child’s brain
immature, but it is also developing very fast. It is no surprise that it should make mistakes. It is
no surprise either that most kids soon grow out of sleepwalking. It is harder to explain why the
phenomenon seems to run in families, though, and why it is much more likely that a boy,
rather than a girl, should be a sleepwalker.
C It has been shown that children are more likely to go sleepwalking when over-tired or
stressed, so a simple remedy is often to make sure they get a good night’s sleep. Cutting out
certain medicines or food types may also have a positive effect on a person’s tendency to
sleep walk. Sleepwalking may be a symptom of something more serious in adults, however.
Indeed, it could be a symptom of Parkinson’s disease. It is also fair to say that walking around
in your sleep, unaware of what you are doing or where you are going is, naturally, dangerous
in itself. Many have had accidents, and some have committed crimes. In 2005, a British man
was found not guilty of murdering his father after he explained to the court that he had killed
him while walking round the house fast asleep.
Mark: ___ / 5
Writing
9 Read the task below. Write an article.
You’ve read an article saying that fewer teenagers are taking part in team sports. Write an article for your school website
about why it is important for teenagers to take part in team sports, and how students can be persuaded to do more team
sport.
Mark: ___ / 10
Total: ___ / 70