Chapter-1

HISTORY OF MOBILE PHONES

The history of mobile phones begins with early efforts to develop

radio telephone technology and from two-way radios in vehicles and
continues through to emergence of the modern mobile phone and
its associated services.

Radiophones have a long and varied history going back to Reginald

Fessenden's invention and shore-to-ship demonstration of radio telephony,
through the Second World War with military use of radio telephony links
and civil services in the 1950s, while hand-held mobile radio devices have
been available since 1973. Mobile phone history is often divided
into generations (first, second, third and so on) to mark significant step
changes in capabilities as the technology improved over the years.

1 G MOBILE PHONES

The main technological development that distinguished the First

Generation mobile phones from the previous generation was the use of
multiple cell sites, and the ability to transfer calls from one site to the
next as the user travelled between cells during a conversation. The first
commercially automated cellular network (the 1G generation) was
launched in Japan by NTT in 1979. The initial launch network covered the
full metropolitan area of Tokyo's over 20 million inhabitants with a
cellular network of 23 base stations. Within five years, the NTT network
had been expanded to cover the whole population of Japan and became the
first nation-wide 1G network.

The second launch of 1G networks was the simultaneous launch of

the Nordic Mobile Telephone(NMT) system
in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1981. NMT was the first
mobile phone network featuring international roaming.
The Swedish electrical engineer Östen Mäkitalostarted to work on this

1
vision in 1966, and is considered as the father of the NMT system and
some consider him also the father of the cellular phone.

Several countries were among the earliest to launch 1G networks in the

early 1980s including the UK, Mexico and Canada. The first 1G network
launched in the USA was Chicago based Ameritech in 1983 using the
famous first hand-held mobile phone Motorola DynaTAC. In 1984, Bell
Labsdeveloped modern commercial cellular technology (based, to a large
extent, on the Gladden, Parelman Patent), which employed multiple,
centrally controlled base stations (cell sites), each providing service to a
small area (a cell). The cell sites would be set up such that cells partially
overlapped. In a cellular system, a signal between a base station (cell site)
and a terminal (phone) only need be strong enough to reach between the
two, so the same channel can be used simultaneously for separate
conversations in different cells.

The first NMT installations as well as the First AMPS installations were
based on the Ericsson AXEdigital exchange nodes.

Cellular systems required several leaps of technology, including handover,

which allowed a conversation to continue as a mobile phone traveled from
cell to cell. This system included variable transmission power in both the
base stations and the telephones (controlled by the base stations), which
allowed range and cell size to vary. As the system expanded and neared
capacity, the ability to reduce transmission power allowed new cells to be
added, resulting in more, smaller cells and thus more capacity. The
evidence of this growth can still be seen in the many older, tall cell site
towers with no antennae on the upper parts of their towers. These sites
originally created large cells, and so had their antennae mounted atop high
towers; the towers were designed so that as the system expanded—and

2
cell sizes shrank—the antennae could be lowered on their original masts to
reduce range.

2 G MOBILE PHONES
In the 1990s, the 'second generation' (2G) mobile phone systems emerged,
primarily using the GSMstandard. These 2G phone systems differed from
the previous generation in their use of digital transmission instead of
analog transmission, and also by the introduction of advanced and fast
phone-to-network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of
2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile
phones

In 1991 the first GSM network (Radiolinja) opened in Finland. In general

the frequencies used by 2G systems in Europe were higher than those in
America, though with some overlap. For example, the 900 MHz frequency
range was used for both 1G and 2G systems in Europe, so the 1G systems
were rapidly closed down to make space for the 2G systems. In America
the IS-54 standard was deployed in the same band as AMPS and displaced
some of the existing analog channels.

Coinciding with the introduction of 2G systems was a trend away from the
larger "brickle" phones toward tiny 100–200g hand-held devices, which
soon became the norm. This change was possible through technological
improvements such as more advanced batteries and more energy-efficient
electronics, but also was largely related to the higher density of cellular
sites caused by increasing usage levels. This decreased the demand for
high transmission powers to reach distant towers for customers to be
satisfied.

The second generation introduced a new variant to communication,

as SMS text messaging became possible, initially on GSM networks and
eventually on all digital networks. The first machine-generated SMS
message was sent in the UK in 1991. The first person-to-person SMS text
message was sent in Finland in 1993. Soon SMS became the
communication method of preference for the youth. Today in many
advanced markets the general public prefers sending text messages to
placing voice calls.
3
2G also introduced the ability to access media content on mobile phones,
when Radiolinja (now Elisa) in Finland introduced the downloadable ring
tone as paid content. Finland was also the first country where advertising
appeared on the mobile phone when a free daily news headline service on
SMS text messaging was launched in 2000, sponsored by advertising.

The first data services appeared on mobile phones starting with person-to-
person SMS text messaging in Finland in 1993. First trial payments using
a mobile phone to pay for a Coca Cola vending machine were set in
Finland in 1998. The first commercial payments were mobile parking
trialled in Sweden but first commercially launched in Norway in 1999.
The first commercial payment system to mimic banks and credit cards was
launched in the Philippines in 1999 simultaneously by mobile operators
Globe and Smart. The first content sold to mobile phones was the ringing
tone, first launched in 1998 in Finland. The first full internet service on
mobile phones was introduced by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 1999.

3G MOBILE PHONES

The main technological difference that distinguishes 3G technology from

2G technology is the use of packet-switching rather than circuit-switching
for data transmission. In addition to this, the meaning of 3G has been
standardized in the IMT-2000 standardization processing. This process did
not standardize on a technology, but rather on a set of requirements (2
Mbit/s maximum data rate indoors, 384 kbit/s outdoors, for example).

Inevitably there were many different standards with different contenders

pushing their own technologies, and the vision of a single unified
worldwide standard broke down and several different standards have been
introduced. The standard 2G CDMA networks became 3G compliant with
the adoption of Revision A to EV-DO. Revision A of EV-DO makes
several additions to the protocol while keeping it completely backwards
compatible with older versions of EV-DO. These changes included the
introduction of several new forward link data rates that increase the
maximum burst rate from 2.45 Mbit/s to 3.1 Mbit/s. Also included were

4
protocols that would decrease connection establishment time (called
enhanced access channel MAC), the ability for more than one mobile to
share the same time slot (multi-user packets) and the introduction flags.
All these were put in place to allow for low latency, low bit rate
communications such as VoIP.

The first pre-commercial trial network with 3G was launched by NTT

DoCoMo in Japan in the Tokyo region in May 2001. NTT DoCoMo
launched the first commercial 3G network on October 1, 2001, using the
WCDMA technology. In 2002 the first 3G networks on the rival
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO technology were launched by SK Telecom and
KTF in South Korea, and Monet in the USA. Monet has since gone
bankrupt. By the end of 2002, the second WCDMA network was launched
in Japan by Vodafone KK (now Softbank). European launches of 3G were
in Italy and the UK by the Three/Hutchison group, on WCDMA. 2003 saw
a further 8 commercial launches of 3G, six more on WCDMA and two
more on the EV-DO standard.

During the development of 3G systems, 2.5G systems such as CDMA2000

1x and GPRS were developed as extensions to existing 2G networks.
These provide some of the features of 3G without fulfilling the promised
high data rates or full range of multimedia services. CDMA2000-1X
delivers theoretical maximum data speeds of up to 307 kbit/s. Just beyond
these is the EDGE system which in theory covers the requirements
for 3G system, but is so narrowly above these that any practical system
would be sure to fall short.

By the end of 2007 there were 295 Million subscribers on 3G networks

worldwide, which reflected 9% of the total worldwide subscriber base.
About two thirds of these were on the WCDMA standard and one third on
the EV-DO standard. The 3G telecoms services generated over 120 Billion
dollars of revenues during 2007 and at many markets the majority of new
phones activated were 3G phones. In Japan and South Korea the market
no longer supplies phones of the second generation. Earlier in the decade
there were doubts about whether 3G might happen, and also whether 3G
might become a commercial success. By the end of 2007 it had become
clear that 3G was a reality and was clearly on the path to become a
profitable venture.
5
The high connection speeds of 3G technology enabled a transformation in
the industry: for the first time, media streaming of radio (and even
television) content to 3G handsets became possible, with companies such
as RealNetworks  and Disney among the early pioneers in this type of
offering.

In the mid 2000s an evolution of 3G technology begun to be implemented,

namely High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). It is an
enhanced 3G (third generation) mobile telephony communications
protocol in the High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) family, also coined
3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G, which allows networks based on Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS) to have higher data transfer speeds
and capacity. Current HSDPA deployments support down-link speeds of
1.8, 3.6, 7.2 and 14.0 Mbit/s. Further speed increases are available
with HSPA+, which provides speeds of up to 42 Mbit/s downlink and 84
Mbit/s with Release 9 of the 3GPP standards.

GROWTH OF MOBILE BROADBAND AND THE

EMERGENCE OF 4G
Although mobile phones had long had the ability to access data networks
such as the Internet, it was not until the widespread availability of good
quality 3G coverage in the mid 2000s that specialised devices appeared to
access the mobile internet. The first such devices, known as "dongles",
plugged directly into a computer through the USB port. Another new class
of device appeared subsequently, the so-called "compact wireless router"
such as the Novatel MiFi, which makes 3G internet connectivity available
to multiple computers simultaneously over Wi-Fi, rather than just to a
single computer via a USB plug-in.

Such devices became especially popular for use with laptop computers due

to the added portability they bestow. Consequently, some computer
manufacturers started to embed the mobile data function directly into the
laptop so a dongle or MiFi wasn't needed. Instead, the SIM card could be
inserted directly into the device itself to access the mobile data services.
Such 3G-capable laptops became commonly known as "netbooks". Other
types of data-aware devices followed in the netbooks' footsteps. By the
6
beginning of 2010, E-readers, such as the AmazonKindle and
the Nook from Barnes & Noble, had already become available with
embedded wireless internet, and Apple Computer had announced plans for
embedded wireless internet on its iPad tablet devices beginnning that Fall.

These types of devices marked the need to consider to evolve towards

the fourth generation of the technology. By 2009, it had become clear that,
at some point, 3G networks would be overwhelmed by the growth of
bandwidth-intensive applications like streaming media. Consequently, the
industry began looking to data-optimized 4th-generation technologies,
with the promise of speed improvements up to 10-fold over existing 3G
technologies. The first two commerically available technologies billed as
4G were the WiMAX standard (offered in the U.S. bySprint) and
the LTE standard, first offered in Scandanavia by TeliaSonera.

One of the main ways in which 4G differed technologically from 3G was

in its elimination of circuit switching, instead employing an all-IP
network. Thus, 4G ushered in a treatment of voice calls just like any other
type of streaming audio media, utilizing packet switching
overinternet, LAN or WAN networks via VoIP

Chapter-2

7
 HISTORY OF NOKIA
Nokia is known today as the largest manufacturer of mobile phone, having
about 40 percent of the world market share in the second quarter of 2008.
This company is even the reason why Finland is a prosperous country in
which it is accounted for about 30 percent of the nation's market
capitalization. But Nokia had a really humble beginning-it all started in
1865.
Nokia's Humble Beginning
In 1895, Fredrik Idestam established a wood-pulp mill, which is now
known as the Nokia Corporation. It was first based in the south western
Finland town called Tampere but was later relocated to Nokia town so that
the company can use the Nokianvirta river. This river is believed to have
better hydropower production. The river is where the company's name,
Nokia, originated.
Meanwhile, at the beginning of the 20th century, Finnish Rubber Works
began establishing its factories. This company acquired the Nokia Wood
Mills and also acquired a company producing telegraph and telephone
cables, the Finish Cable Works. The merging of these three companies in
1967 led to the creation of the Nokia Corporation.
The new company tried producing many products like papers, bicycle, car
tires, personal computers, footwear, communication cables, electricity
generation machineries, televisions, aluminium, capacitors, and a lot
more. 

Shift to Mobile Communication Tools

Nokia started producing military as well as commercial mobile radio

communications technology in the 1960s. It was in 1964 when the
company started to create VHF-radio with Salora Oy. The two companies
started to develop mobile phones for the NMT network standard. In 1982,
they introduced their first car phone called the Mobira Senator, which
weighted 9.8 kg.
In 1984, the merging with Salora Oy made the company to create its
telecommunication branch named Nokia-Mobira Oy. In the same year, the
company also launched the Mobira Talkman, the world's first
transportable phone.
Nokia introduced one of the world's first handheld phones in 1987 and this
was called Mobira Cityman 900. During those days, the Cityman is one of
the most light-weight phones having only about 800 g. But its tag price is
approximately 4,500 Euros. Although that was very expensive, Cityman
was still considered a success.
The GSM Involvement

8
In 1988, Nokia Mobile Phone emerged from the Nokia Mobira Oy. After
three years, the first Global Systems for Mobile Communications or GSM
phone was introduced.
In 1992, the company decided to focus more on the telecommunications
business. In the same year, Nokia launched its first GSM handset, which is
the Nokia 1011. It was in 1994 that the Nokia tune was launched. It was
the Nokia 2100 that featured this famous classic phone tune.
The success of Nokia continued until the world's first satellite call was
made in 1994 using a Nokia mobile phone. And in 1997, Nokia introduced
a classic game highly associated with the company-Snake.
Finally, in 1998, Nokia mobile phones became the world's leader. After a
year, the company moved to further innovation with its launching of the
first WAP handset in the world, the Nokia 7110.
Recent Success of Nokia
Nokia mobile phones continue to be one of the best and most innovative in
the world. This was proven in 2002 with the company's launching of
Nokia 6650, its first 3G phone. The company even had its billion sales
when it was able to sell billion units of Nokia 1100.
Nokia Corporation is also recognized in the world today as the fifth most
valued brand.
From 1865 until today, Nokia continues to create mark on the mobile
phone industry. Innovation is always at the top of this company and its
history proved its fearless business moves that led it to its massive
success. Introduction of mobile network began enabling the Nokia
production to invent the Nordic Mobile Telephony(NMT), the world's
very first multinational cellular network in 1981. The NMT was later on
introduced in other countries. Very soon Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM), a digital mobile telephony, was launched
and Nokia started the development of GSM phones. Beginning of the 1990
brought about an economic recession in Finland. (Rumour has it that
Nokia was offered to the Swedish telecom company Ericsson during this
time which was refused) Due to this Nokiaincreased its sale of GSM
phones that was enormous. This was the main reason for Nokia to not only
be one of the largest but also the most important companies in Finland. As
per the sources, in August 1997, Nokia supplied GSM systems to 59
operators in 31 countries. Slowly and steadily, Nokia became a large
television manufacturer and also the largest information technology
company in the Nordic countries. During the economic recession
the Nokia was committed to telecommunications. The 2100 series of the
production was so successful that inspite of its goal to sell 500,000 units, it
marvellously sold 20 million. Presently, Nokia is the number 1 production
in digital technologies, it invests 8.5% of net sales in research and
development. Also has its annual Nokia Game.

SWOT ANALYSIS of Nokia

9
 Strength:

 Brand Positioning:- One of the top 20 brands in the

world.
 60% (app.)mkt share.
 Mobiles are available in all ranges.

Weakness:

 All mobile phones have approx. same features accessing.

 Not so innovative in terms of shapes & size.

Opportunity:

 Increasing their presence in CDMA mkt.

Threats:
 Other Competitors.

10
HISTORY OF SONY ERICSSON

Sony is the electronic company and Ericsson is the mobile communication

company that is why combination of these companies are going to be
leading cell phone company, an other important thing is that these
companies were in too highly developed companies in field of electronics
and communication which are Japan and Swedish. Sony Ericsson Cellular
company was establish to produce such leading cell phones in 2001, the
head office of Sony Ericsson is in London and its research center are in
Sweden, Japan, China and United States of America.

1958 - The name of Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering

Company was officially changed to Sony.

1968 - Following the popularity of Sony as one of the best consumer

electronic brands in the world, Sony UK was founded.

1987 - Ericsson produced the first mobile phone for the NMT network.

1992 - Ericsson built more and more mobile phone models to keep up
with the consumer demand.

2001 - Sony Ericsson was established.

President Mr. Miles Flint and Vice President of Sony Ericsson are
looking for to move their cellular Company world’s best and beneficial
company for their customer from every angle of rely and this motto is
making the company successful in the field of handset mobiles. In March
2002 Sony Ericsson introduced its first product now it has access of all
aspects of cellular products and still advancing the technologies of cell
phones.
Whether you are looking for a good music phone, camera
phone or smartphone, there should be Sony Ericsson mobile phone deals
which will suit your mobile communication needs to a tee.

What it does Now :

Today, Sony Ericsson is famed for the Walkman range of music

mobiles and Cyber-shot camera phones, launching in 2005 and 2006

respectively, based on Sony’s popular sole-purpose

devices. It’s now branching out into other areas too, notably with the touch
screen Xperia X1, the company’s first venture into Windows Mobile.
11
 The Sony Ericsson
K750i is one of the
most successful
Sony Ericsson
products.

Sir Howard Stringer, chairman/CEO of Sony, and Brad Anderson,

vice chairman and CEO of Best Buy, one of the largest CE retailers in the
world.
It has the market share of 8.1% in India.

12
 SWOT ANALYSIS OF SONY ERRICSSON

Strengths

 Better sound quality.

 Good colour resolution.
 Versatile features.

Weakness

 Less battery back up.

 Less resale value.
 Number of exclusive outlets are less.

Opportunity.
 By introducing in the touch screen line Sony may
increase its market share.

Threats.
 Less service centers.
 Because of less Touch screen & B- phones it may effect
the Brand image.

13
HISTORY OF SAMSUNG MOBILES

Samsung Mobile has been around since 1983. Samsung Mobile's parent
company, Samsung Electronics, was founded in 1969. Once known for its
televisions and other home appliances, Samsung recently eclipsed
heavyweights Sony Ericsson and Motorola as one of the biggest cell
phone manufacturers in the world.

A Rough Beginning
Samsung Mobile's first ever offering was a car phone it introduced in
1986. Because of poor reception and sales, manufacturing was halted.
From this point until the early 1990s, Samsung Mobile would introduce
mobile phone models, but sales were low because demand was low. The
designs of these early attempts were bulky, and reception was poor. With
Motorola holding a sizable advantage over the rest of a fledgling mobile
phone field, Samsung nearly dropped its Mobile division.

Turning Point

In 1993, Samsung Mobile released the SH-700 series, which boasted a

smaller and sleeker design and better sound quality. With a better product
and a more aggressive marketing campaign, Samsung would reclaim more
than half the mobile phone market share in Korea from Motorola.

The Global Market

Samsung cell phones found its way into American hands for the first time
in 1996, when they partnered with Sprint on a line of sleek and compact
phones. A few short years later, South America and Japan were enjoying
the high-end design of Samsung Mobile phones.

Samsung Mobile Today

In early 2009, Samsung Mobile's global market share stood at more than
17 percent, second only to Nokia. In the 3rd quarter of 2008, for the first
time in its history, Samsung Mobile shipped more than 50 million
handsets in a quarter--despite a global recession.

14
Samsung Facts

Lee Byung-chull founded Samsung Group in 1938, naming the start-up

company a Korean word which translates to "three stars" in English.
Samsung Mobile enjoys agreements with major cell phone service
providers such as T-Mobile, AT&T, Sprint and Verizon Wireless.
In early 2009, Samsung Mobile and T-Mobile introduced the Memoir, a
cell phone with a "Best in Class" 8-Megapixel camera.

15
 SWOT ANALYSIS OF SAMSUNG

STRENGTH –

 Good Advertisement capability

 The company's handset platform technology unit seems
to be playing king.

Weakness –

 It introduces its mobile Phones 18 weeks late than Nokia.

 Low battery backup.

Opportunity :
 Joint ventures may help them.
 Stylish Phones.

Threat :
 Japanese competitors have flooded market with low cost
& good feature products.

16
Chapter-3

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The research has been done with the basic objective to know the
preference of the people towards different brands of mobile phones. The
other objectives were:-

 To study and analyse the consumer perception regarding

mobile phones.

 To determine the most preferred brand of mobile phone among

consumers.

 To study the reasons for preferring particular brand of mobile

phones.

 To study the level of satisfaction of the product among the

consumers.

17
CHAPTER - 4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Methodology is the specification of method of acquiring the

information needed to structure or solve the problem in hand. It is not only
concerned to find out the decision of the fact, but also building upto date
knowledge and to discover the new facts involved through the process of
dynamic change in the society.

4.1 Research Design

The research design is the conceptual structure within which research is
conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and
analysis of data. The present research being conducted followed both
“Exploratory and Descriptive Research”. The research is Exploratory as it
tries to find out respondents perception about mobile phones. The research
is Descriptive as it describes the attributes liked by respondents while
preferring a particular brand of mobile phone and the satisfaction level
that they derive from their possessed mobile.

4.2 Scope of the Research

The research was conducted in Ludhiana city. So, scope of the research is
limited to Ludhiana only.

4.3 Data collection method

The data has been collected from both Primary and Secondary Sources.

4.3.1 Primary Source: The data has been collected from primary source
by way of structured questionnaire which included close-ended, open-
ended and multiple choice questions. These helped in identifying the
respondent’s feeling about the mobile phones, their ability to determine

18
most preferred brand of mobile and the factors that influenced them to
prefer that particular brand.
4.3.2 Secondary Source: Secondary Data has been collected through
Books of “Consumer Behavior & Promotion Management” and
“Advertising & Sales Promotion” and Journals such as Advertising
Express, Indian Journal of Marketing etc. (Mentioned in Bibliography)

4.4 Sampling Plan

Sampling is an effective step in the collection of Primary data and has a
great influence on the quality of results. It is a definite plan for obtaining a
sample from a given population. The sampling plan includes population,
sampling unit, sampling technique and sample size.

4.4.1 Population: All the people of the age of 18 years and above and
living in Ludhiana. The population comprised of people from different
walks of life. These include Business man/woman, Service man/woman,
Professionals, Retired persons, Housewives or College going students.

4.4.2 Sampling unit: Each individual of 18 years and above and living in
Ludhiana has been selected as respondent for the purpose of the research.

4.4.3 Sample Size: The sample size consisted of 100 people.

4.4.4 Sampling Technique: Convenience Sampling has been used to

collect the sample.

4.5 Analysis & Interpretation

The data collected has been analyzed through tabulation based on actual
numbers. Interpretation of the collected and analyzed data has been done
through presentation in the form of bar and pie charts.

19
4.6 Limitations of the research
No research is complete in itself however good it may be, and every
research has some limitations. The limitations of this research can be
summarized as follows:
i. Owing to the time constraint, the research was restricted to
Ludhiana city. A wider geographical coverage would have made it
a more representative research.
ii. Although every effort has been made to include the respondents
belonging to various age - group, even then the sample may not be
truly representative of the universe.
iii. The size of sample taken was very small and hence the results of
this research might not be fully reliable for generalization.
iv. Every effort was made to extract the correct information from the
respondents, but the ignorance on their part could have played its
role.
v. Best efforts have been made to incorporate all the important
variables in the research yet chances of some of the variables not
appearing in the research cannot be ruled out.
vi. Open-ended questions were added to provide flexibility to the
respondents but many of them were left unanswered.
vii. The consumer behavior being dynamic in nature, there is every
possibility that over the time findings of today may become invalid
tomorrow.

20
Chapter -5

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age

Yes 100 100%
No 0 0%
1Q. Do you own a mobile phone?

Interpretation

The survey revealed that 100% of the people have the Mobile Phones
where 0% people do not have any mobile phone.

21
2Q. What brand of mobile phone are you using now?
Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Nokia 68 68%
Motorola 04 4%
Sony Ericssion 12 12%
Samsung 12 12%
LG 04 4%
Others 00 0%

INTERPRETATION

In this study most of the respondents have Nokia Mobile handsets. Out
of total respondents, 68% respondents are having Nokia Mobile handsets,
12.% are having Sony erricson& Samsung Mobile handsets, 4% are
having Motorola and LG Mobile handsets.

22
 4Q. Why do you choose this model?
Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Price 10 10%
Function 48 48%
Size 08 8%
Appearance 12 12%
Trend 20 20%
Advertisement 02 2%

INTERPRETATION

In this study most of the respondents have found that all most the
respondents are purchasing the mobile handsets on the basis of their
functions and their percentage is 48%. Then 12% are purchased on the
basis of appearance, 10% on the basis of price, 8 & 20 on the basis of Size
& Trend respectively.

23
5Q. How long have you been using mobile phone?

Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age

1-6 months 14 14%
6-12 months 24 24%
1-3 yrs. 44 44%
3-5yrs. 18 18%

INTERPRETATION

In this study we come on the result that 44% people use their
mobile phones for 1-3yrs. And 18%, 14%, 24% using 3-5yr. , 1-6
months & 6-12 months respectively.

6Q. How much air time do you spend each day on the phone?

24
 Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Less than1 hr. 29 29.%
1-2 hr. 37 37%
2-3hr. 13 13%
More than 3 hr. 21 21%

INTERPRETATION

From this study we conclude that with in 1-2 hrs. people spend air
time each day on handset with a percentage of 37%. And rest is
29%, 21%, 13% . people spend air time each day on handset in the
< 1hr, >3 hrs. & 2-3 hr. respectively.

7Q.What aspects do you value in your everyday mobile phone usage

25
 Features Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Battery 57 57%
Ease to use 22 22%
E-mail 9 9%
Messaging 12 12%

INTERPRETATION
In this question we conclude that 57%, 22%, 12% & 09% people
prefer battery, ease to use, messaging & e-mailing use these features in
their handsets.

8Q. Are you satisfied with the overall performance of your mobile
phone
26
 provider?

Satisfaction level Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age

Very Satisfied 23 22%
Satisfied 57 56%
Neutral 17 17%
Un-Satisfied 03 3%
Very Un-Satisfied 00 0%

INTERPRETATION

From this study we conclude that 22% people are very

satisfied with the performance of their handsets, then 56% are satisfied
with the performance of their handsets. And 17% people are neutral 3%
are un-satisfied & their is no one which one is highly unsatisfied with the
performance of their handsets.

9Q. How often do you change your mobile phone model?

Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age

27
 Less than 6 months 32 31%
6 month- 2 Yr. 48 47%
2-4 yrs. 17 17%
More than 4 yrs. 03 3%

INTERPRETATION

This study tells that 31% respondents change their handsets from
less than 6 months & 47% respondents change their handsets within
6months- 2 yr. And 17% respondents within 2-4yrs. &3% respondents for
more than 4 yrs.

10Q. If given a chance would you like to shift to another mobile phone
model?

28
 Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Yes 73 73%
No 27 27%

INTERPRETATION

This study tells that 73% respondents would like to shift to

another mobile phone model & 27% respondents would not like to
shift another mobile phone model.

29
 11Q. Do you think prolonged use (use under long period) of
mobile phone would cause health problem e.g. cancer.
Out of 100 Samples No. of people in %age
Yes 48 48%
No 29 29%
No Comment 23 23%

INTERPRETATION

From this study we come to know that 48% respondents think that
prolonged use of mobile phones would cause health problem. An 29%
respondent doesn’t think that prolonged use of mobile phones would not
cause health problem & 48% which is the majority of the respondents say
no comment.

30
31
FINDINGS

 The respondents are aware about all the brands.

 The major source of information was TV for the respondents.

 Mostly customers prefer the Nokia brand.

 Very less number of consumers are facing the problems.

 Very less number of consumers has a complaint to

manufacturer.

32
33
LIMITATIONS

 Due to time and resource constraints the survey was conducted

within the city of Ludhiana and as such the study might not present
a true picture of consumer perception about selected brands of
refrigerators.

 A small sample size of 50 respondents may not be representative

of the universe.

 The respondent’s bias might have crept in while filling the

questionnaires.

 Although care was taken to make this study objectively,

interviewers’ bias might have distorted the results to some extent.

34
35
RECOMMENDATIONS:

 Continuous innovation by considering the level of competition.

 After sale service should be improved.

 More variety should be there so that they can meet the customer’s
satisfaction.

36
37
Questionnaire Regarding Mobile Phone Usage

1Q. Do you own a mobile phone?

YES NO

2Q. What brand of mobile phone are you using now?(you can tick more
than one option)
Nokia Motorola Sony Ericssion Samsung
LG
If Other (please specify)_______________________

3Q. Please also write your model of phone.

(use ","to separate if you have more than one phone)
e.g. V70,8310,6688,9@9

4Q. Why do you choose this model? (You can tick more than one option)
Price Function Size & Weight
Appearance Trend Advertisement
Others (please specify………………………………..

5Q. How long have you been using mobile phone?

1-6 months 6-12 months 1Yr. – 3Yr. 3Yr. – 5Yr.
If More(please specify)…………………………………….

6Q. How much air time do you spend each day on the phone?
< 1 hr. 1 – 2 hr. 2 – 3 hr . More than 3 hrs.

38
7Q.What aspects do you value in your everyday mobile phone usage (ease
of use, battery life, messaging, alarm clock, etc.)?
…………………………………………………………………………
……………….
8Q. Are you saitsfied with the overall performance your mobile phone
provider?

Very Satisfied Satisfied Neutra l UnSatisfied

Very Unsatisfied

9Q. Would you like to need anything more in your mobile phone?
Please specify……………………………………………….

10Q. How often you change your mobile phone model?

Less than 6 months 6 Months – 2 Yrs.
2Yr. – 4Yr. >4 Yrs.

11Q. If given a chance would you like to shift to another mobile phone
model?
YES NO

12Q. If Yes, then why you will change the mobile phone model?
Reasoning: ……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………..

13Q. Do you think prolonged use (use under long period) of mobile phone
would
cause health problem e.g.cancer

Yes No No Comment

Name: ………………………………...

39
 Gender:……………………………….
Address: ……………………………..
……………………………....
Phone No. : …………………………..

40
41
BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEBSITE:

www.NOKIA.com

www.MOTOROLA.com

www.sonyerricson.com

www.google.com

www.wikipedia.com

www.samsung.com

BOOKS:
C. R. Kothari

Research Methodology

42
PREFERENCE OF PEOPLE TOWARDS VARIOUS
BRANDS OF MOBILE PHONES AVAILABLE IN
THE MARKET

(RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT)

Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar
in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

IN
MARKETING

Submitted by:
Sohanveer
(Univ Roll No.820445006)
&
Nikhil Verma
(Univ Roll No.820445004)

Submitted to

ABM INFOSYS
(AUTHORISED LEARNING CENTRE OF)
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR
(2008-2011)

43
 PREFACE

The project study on “Preference of people towards various

brands of Mobile phones available in the market” has been conducted.
This system of education is highly appreciated as it provides the students
with an opportunity to acquaint them with various aspects in practical as
have been studied in courses during post graduation. The practical work
helps the student to view the real business world closely, which in turn
widely influences their conception and perception.

This support is concerned with “Preference of people towards

various brands of Mobile Phones available in the market” is prepared
on the basis of information collected by survey in some areas of Ludhiana.

The project assigned required a lot of extensive study; we had

to personally visit the various respondents for getting the required
information. This report is made by us but with the help, guidance and
suggestions of some very experienced and intellectual persons.

44
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Foremost of all, we express our sincere indebtedness to the

Almighty for bestowing us with favourable circumstances and
keeping in high spirits.
We wish to express our feeling of gratitude and reverence
towards our Major Advisor, Ms. Vibha Sachdeva, Senior Faculty,
ABM Infosys, for her creative guidance, expert opinions, constant
encouragement, practical suggestions and valuable help during the
course of research project.
Her religiously going through our work, time and again, to
make the study a readable one has made us to dedicated our work to
her.
We are also indebted to all the respondents who spared their
time and made it convenient for us to complete the research.
We are also thankful to our friends and family members for
help and cooperation extended by all of them.
We wish to record our gratitude for any person(s), our
memory has failed to recall, and who rendered his/her / their support
and services.

Sohanveer Nikhil Verma

45
 CONTENTS

Ch. Particulars Page No.

No.
1 Introduction about the project 1-8

2 History of the Companies 9-18

3 Objectives 19-20

4 Research Methodology 21-26

5 Analysis and Interpretation 27-37

6 Findings 38-39

7 Recommendations 40-41

8 Conclusion 42-43

9 Bibliography 48-49

Annexure (Questionnaire)

46