BS en 933-3-2012 Flakiness Index
BS en 933-3-2012 Flakiness Index
BS en 933-3-2012 Flakiness Index
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National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 933-3:2012.
It supersedes BS EN 933-3:1997, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to
Technical Committee B/502/6, Test methods.
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English Version
Essais pour déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques Prüfverfahren für geometrische Eigenschaften von
des granulats - Partie 3: Détermination de la forme des Gesteinskörnungen - Teil 3: Bestimmung der Kornform -
granulats - Coefficient d'aplatissement Plattigkeitskennzahl
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 933-3:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Contents Page
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Foreword . ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
1 Scope. .................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references . ......................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions . ......................................................................................................................... 5
4 Principle . ............................................................................................................................................... 6
5 Apparatus . ............................................................................................................................................ 6
6 Preparation of test portions . ............................................................................................................... 8
7 Procedure . ............................................................................................................................................ 8
7.1 Sieving on test sieves. ......................................................................................................................... 8
7.2 Sieving on bar sieves . ......................................................................................................................... 8
8 Calculation and expression of results . .............................................................................................. 8
9 Test report . ........................................................................................................................................... 9
9.1 Mandatory data . .................................................................................................................................... 9
9.2 Optional data . ....................................................................................................................................... 9
Annex A (informative) Example of test data sheet . ...................................................................................... 10
Annex B (informative) Precision . ................................................................................................................... 11
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Foreword
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This document (EN 933-3:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154
“Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2012.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This standard forms part of a series of tests for geometrical properties of aggregates. Test methods
for other properties are covered by the following European Standards:
EN 933, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates, consists of the following parts:
Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures;
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Part 10: Assessment of fines — Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving);
Part 11: Classification test for the constituents of coarse recycled aggregate.
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According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard describes the reference method, used for type testing and in case of dispute,
for determination of the flakiness index of aggregates. For other purposes, in particular production
control, other methods may be used, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the
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The test procedure specified in this part of this European Standard is not applicable to particle sizes less
than 4 mm or greater than 100 mm.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples
EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 5: Common equipment and calibration
EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 1: Determination of particle size
distribution — Sieving method
EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 2: Determination of particle size
distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
3.1
constant mass
mass determined by successive weighings performed at least 1 h apart and not differing by more
than 0,1 %
Note 1 to entry: In many cases, constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a pre-
determined period in a specified oven (see 5.4) at (110 ± 5) ºC. Test laboratories can determine the time required
to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven
used.
3.2
laboratory sample
sample intended for laboratory testing
3.3
particle size fraction(di/Di)
fraction of an aggregate passing the larger (Di) of two sieves and retained on the smaller (di)
3.4
test portion
sample used as a whole in a single test
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
4 Principle
The test consists of two sieving operations. First, using test sieves, the sample is separated into
various particle size fractions di /Di, as given in Table 1. Each of the particle size fractions di/Di is then
sieved using bar sieves which have parallel slots of width Di /2.
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The overall flakiness index is calculated as the total mass of particles passing the bar sieves
expressed as a percentage of the total dry mass of particles tested.
If required, the flakiness index of each particle size fraction d i /D i is calculated as the mass of particles
passing the corresponding bar sieve, expressed as a percentage by mass of that particle size fraction.
5 Apparatus
All apparatus shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5.
5.1 Test sieves, with square apertures, conforming to EN 933-2 with the following aperture sizes:
100 mm; 80 mm; 63 mm; 50 mm; 40 mm; 31,5 mm; 25 mm; 20 mm; 16 mm; 12,5 mm; 10 mm; 8 mm,
6,3 mm; 5 mm and 4 mm.
5.2 Corresponding bar sieves, comprising parallel cylindrical bars conforming to the requirements
in Table 1. The tolerances on the width of slot shall apply to the entire length of each slot. An example
of a bar sieve is shown in Figure 1.
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
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Key
1 metal frame (outside wooden frame optional)
2 width of slot as specified in Table 1
3 cylindrical steel bars (usual diameter range from 5 to 15 mm depending on width of slot)
L = 250 mm to 300 mm
H = 75 mm
h = 55 mm to 65 mm
NOTE L being constant for all range of bar sieves, the width of the last slot cannot be equal to the nominal
value. In all cases, it should be smaller than the nominal value.
5.3 Balance or scale, accurate to ± 0,1 % of the mass of the test portion.
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Dry the test portion at (110 ± 5) °°C to constant mass. Allow to cool, weigh and record the mass as M0.
7 Procedure
Using the appropriate range of sieves from those specified in 5.1, sieve the test portion as specified in
EN 933-1.
Weigh and discard all particles passing the 4 mm sieve and retained on the 100 mm sieve.
Weigh and retain separately all the particles in each particle size fraction di/Di.
Sieve each particle size fraction di/Di obtained from 7.1 on the corresponding bar sieve given in
Table 1. This sieving operation can be carried out manually or mechanically and shall ensure
complete separation.
Weigh the material from each particle size fraction passing through the corresponding bar sieve.
The results shall be recorded on test data sheets (see example in Annex A). Calculate the sum of the
masses of the particle size fractions di/Di and record as M1.
Calculate the sum of the masses of the particles in each of the particle size fractions di /Di which pass
through a corresponding bar sieve of slot width Di /2 and record as M2.
where
M1 is the sum of the masses of the particles in each of the particle size fraction d i /Di, in grams;
M2 is the sum of the masses of the particles in each particle size fraction passing the
corresponding bar sieve of slot width D i /2 in grams.
The overall flakiness (FI) shall be recorded to the nearest whole number.
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
The flakiness index for each particle size fraction FIi shall be calculated, if required, from the following
equation:
where
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mi is the mass of the material in each particle size fraction di/Di which passes through the
corresponding bar sieve of slot width Di/2, in grams.
If the sum of the masses Ri together with the masses of any discarded particles and any size fractions
that are not tested (see 7.1) differs by more than 1 % from the mass M0 (see Clause 6), the test shall
be repeated, using another test portion.
9 Test report
c) flakiness index FIi of each particle size fraction to the nearest whole number;
d) sampling certificate;
e) date of test.
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
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BS EN 933-3:2012
EN 933-3:2012 (E)
Annex B
(informative)
Precision
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The results of a cross testing experiment carried out by 20 laboratories in 1994, as part of a project
(Project 134) funded by the European Community under the Measurements and Testing Programme,
are given in Table B.1. The repeatability r1 and reproducibility R1 values have been determined for the
three tested aggregates on the basis of test results obtained from duplicate test portions prepared by
each laboratory from their laboratory sample and subsequently tested.
Table B.1 — Repeatability and reproducibility values for determinations of flakiness indexes
(% by mass of flaky particles) of coarse aggregates
Target FI value :
For other aggregate sizes or other levels of flakiness indexes, the repeatability and reproducibility
values can be calculated using the following formulas:
FI (100 − FI ) D 3
r1 (% by mass ) = 0,0028
M
where
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