Technical Information

Steering
VSPP Steering Unit

www.danfoss.com
Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Revision history Table of revisions

Date Changed Rev

July 2021 Minor corrections to MMC section 0102

October 2020 First edition 0101

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Contents

Overview
A wide range of steering components..................................................................................................................................... 4
Conversion factors........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Survey of literature with technical data on Danfoss steering components................................................................5
Steering unit type VSPP
General................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
VSPP.......................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Load Sensing dynamic steering unit with built in priority valve, VSPP LS............................................................. 6
Non-reaction.................................................................................................................................................................................6
Gear set........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
VSPP versions, overview.................................................................................................................................................................7
VSPP circuits....................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Technical data, VSPP LS
Displacement, flow and pressure............................................................................................................................................... 9
Valve functions................................................................................................................................................................................10
Pilot pressure relief valve; (P-T, Qp) characteristic............................................................................................................. 11
Check valve function in LS..........................................................................................................................................................11
Pressure drop, P-EF........................................................................................................................................................................12
Shock valves.....................................................................................................................................................................................12
Suction valves..................................................................................................................................................................................13
Check valve in P.............................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Weights..............................................................................................................................................................................................14
Port thread versions
Dimensions
VSPP.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
VSPP dimensions details..............................................................................................................................................................17
VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications
VSPP MMC.........................................................................................................................................................................................18
Variants codes for VSPP MMC....................................................................................................................................................19

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Overview

A wide range of steering components

Danfoss is one of the largest producers in the world of steering components for hydrostatic steering
systems on off-road vehicles. Danfoss offers steering solutions both at component and system levels. Our
product range makes it possible to cover applications of all types, ranging from ordinary 2 wheel steering
(also known as Ackermann steering) to articulated steering, automatic steering (for example, by sensor)
and remote controlled steering via satellite. We can offer more than 1,800 different steering units and 250
different priority valves categorized in types, variants and sizes.

Danfoss offers:

For hydrostatic steering systems:

Product type Displacement Rated Flow Steering Pressure
Mini steering units 32 – 100 cm3/rev max. 20 l/min max. 150 bar
[1.95 – 6.10 in3/rev] [5.28 US gal/min] [2180 psi]

Steering units 40 – 1200 cm3/rev max. 100 l/min max. 240 bar
[2.44 to 73.2 in3/rev] [26.4 US gal/min] [3481 psi]
Priority valves – 40, 80, 120, 160, 320 l/min max. 350 bar
[10.6, 21.1, 31.7, 42.3, 84.5 [5076 psi]
US gal/min]
Pilot operated flow- – 240 and 400 l/min [63.4 and max. 240 bar
amplifiers (factors: 4, 5, 8, 105.7 US gal/min] [3480 psi]
or 10)
Pilot operated steering – max. 100 l/min max. 250 bar
valves [26.4 US gal/min] [3625 psi]

For electrohydraulic steering systems

Product type Displacement Rated flow Steering pressure
Pilot operated steering - 100 l/min [26.4 US gal/min] 250 bar [3625 psi]
valves
Integrated electrical 100 - 500 cm3/rev 50 l/min [13.2 US gal/min] 210 bar [3045 psi]
operated steering valve [6.10 - 30.51 in3]
Electrical operated - 70 l/min [18.5 US gal/min] 210 bar [3045 psi]
steering valve

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Overview

Characteristic features for steering units:

• Low steering torque: from 0.5 to 3 N•m in normal steering situations
• Low noise level
• Low pressure drop
• Many types available: Open center Non-reaction, Open center Reaction, Power Beyond, Closed center
Non-reaction, Load Sensing, Load Sensing Reaction
• One or more built-in valve functions: relief valve, shock valves, suction valves, non-return valve in P-
line and LS-line
• Optional port connections according to ISO, SAE or DIN standards

Characteristics for EH steering systems with OSPE, EHPS, and EHi:

• Possibility of GPS, row sensor, variable steering ratio and joystick steering
• Possibility of manual steering even on very heavy vehicles
• EHPS:
‒ High steering pressure requiring smaller cylinders and flow
‒ Low pilot pressure and flow giving extremely low noise in the cabin
‒ Combined with Danfoss PVG 32 proportional valve

Conversion factors

1 N•m = [8.851 lbf•in] 1 l = [0.264 US gal]

1 N = [0.2248 lbf] 1 bar = [14.5 psi]
1 mm = [0.0394 in] °F = [1.8°C + 32]
1 cm3 = [0.061 in3]

Survey of literature with technical data on Danfoss steering components

Detailed data on all Danfoss steering components and accessories can be found in our steering
component catalogues, which is divided into the following individual sub-catalogues:
General information Steering components
Technical data on mini steering units OSPM
Technical data on open center and closed center steering OSPB, OSPC, and OSPD
units
Technical data on load sensing steering units, priority OSPB, OSPC, OSPF, OSPD, OSPL, OSPBX, OSPLX, OVPL,
valves and flow amplifiers OLS, and OSQ
Technical data on load sensing steering unit with OSPU
amplification
Technical data on steering units VSP
Technical data on steering units VSPP
Technical data on hydraulic and electrohydraulic pilot EHPS, EHPS w. OLS 320, PVE for EHPS and OSPCX
operated steering valves, electrical actuation modules
and appropriate steering units
Technical data on combined sterering unit/ OSPE
electrohydraulic steering valves
Technical data on electrohydraulic steering valves EHi
Technical data on steering wheel sensors SASA

For technical information on individual variants, please contact the Danfoss Sales Organization.

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Steering unit type VSPP

General

The VSPP is a steering unit with integrated priority valve inside the envelope of a standard steering unit
housing.
This brings about a very compact solution minimizing installation space, cost and time.
VSPP is the perfect solution for smaller vehicles like e.g. low horse power tractors, mini wheel loaders and
light fork lift trucks, where one gear pump is in use for steering and working hydraulic.

All VSPP products are black painted as standard.

VSPP

All VSPP's are High Spec. for maximum steering pressure 190 bar [2755 psi].

Load Sensing dynamic steering unit with built in priority valve, VSPP LS

The VSPP is a steering unit with integrated priority valve inside the envelope of the standard VSP
housing. VSPP LS are all of load sensing dynamictype and so the integrated priority valve is dynamic type.
Spool/sleeve sets for 2 levels of LS dynamic flow are available:
• Standard LS spool/sleeve set: 0.6 - 0.9 l/min [0.16 - 0.24 US gal/min]
• High dynamic LS spool/sleeve set: 1.0 - 1.3 l/min [0.26 - 0.34 US gal/min]
High dynamic is recommended, when extreme fast response is requested, e.g. when unloading working
hydraulic load (EF) very rapidly during steering. Trade off with high dynamic is slightly higher energy
consumption.

Non-reaction

VSPP’s are non-reaction steering units, where there is no movement of the steering wheel, when the
driver is not steering the vehicle. The vehicle keeps the steering direction independent of forces on the
steering cylinder.

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Steering unit type VSPP

Gear set

The gear set meters the volume of oil/revolution on the steering wheel, cm3/rev. 2 versions of gear set are
available for VSPP:
• Low Noise is default for VSPP up to and including 250 cm3/rev. VSPP 315 and VSPP 400 will have gear
set with standard profile
• Seal star: reduces slippage, when steering cylinder is at end stroke. Seal star gear sets are available in
50, 70, 80, 100 and 125 cm3/rev.

All seal star gear sets have standard profile.

VSPP versions, overview

The VSP's are available in the x-marked combinations:

Type Spool/sleeve set Gear set

Standard LS: High dynamic Low Noise Seal star
VSPP LS: Load X X
Sensing non reaction
X X
w. int. Priority valve
X X
X X

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Steering unit type VSPP

VSPP circuits

VSPP Load Sensing dynamic, steering unit with integrated valve functions
VSPP LS Load Sensing Non-reaction

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Displacement, flow and pressure

For common data: Look in sub catalog: "General Steering Components"

Rated oil flow Max. oil flow Max. pressure, bar [psi]
for steering @ from pump
Displacement System T, absolute L-T/R-T port P and EF,
100 rpm l/min [US gal/
Steering unit cm3 /rev [in3/ pressure1/ port pressure pressure absolute
l/min [US gal/ min]
rev] P-T port pressure
min]
portpressure
VSPP 50 LSH 50 [3.05] 5 [1.32] 140 [2030]
VSPP 70 LSH 70 [4.27] 7 [1.85]
VSPP 80 LSH 80 [4.88] 8 [2.11] 170 [2465]
VSPP 100 LSH 100 [6.10] 10 [2.64]
VSPP 125 LSH 125 [7.63] 13 [3.43]
80[21.1] 30 [435] 250 [3625] 230[3335]
VSPP 160 LSH 160 [9.76] 16 [4.23]
VSPP 200 LSH 200 [12.20] 20 [4.23]
190 [2755]
VSPP 250 LSH 250 [15.26] 25 [6.60]
VSPP 315 LSH 315 [19.22] 32 [8.45]
VSPP 400 LSH 400 [24.41] 40 [10.57]
1 Any VSPP LSH can withstand 190 bar [2755 psi] in max steering system pressure. However, VSPP w small gear set and high pressure will have
relatively high slippage values.

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Valve functions

All VSPP LS have the following valves built in:

• Priority valve (7)
• P-Check valve in CF line (5)
• Pilot relief valve (4)
• Check valve in LS (6)
• Emergency steering check valve (3)

All VSPP LS with UNF and Metric ports also have the following valves built in:
• Shock valves (1)
• Suction valves (2)
VSPP LS with G-thread ports can be specified with or without shock and suction valves
Shock and suction are always combined

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Pilot pressure relief valve; (P-T, Qp) characteristic

The pilot pressure relief valve protects the steering unit against excessive pressure. The pilot pressure
relief valve in the VSPP LS steering unit together with the integrated priority valve spool, limits the
maximum steering pressure P-T. The pilot pressure relief valve is set at an oil flow to the P-port of the
VSPP valve of 25 l/min [6.60 US gal/min].
For VSPP load sensing dynamic steering units with standard LS spool/sleeve set, the setting values are
valid at a dynamic flow of 0.6 l/min [0.16 US gal/min].
For VSPP load sensing high dynamic steering units with low noise/high dynamic spool/sleeve set, the
setting values are valid at a dynamic flow of 1.1 l/min [0.29 US gal/min].
Setting tolerance:

</= 170 bar [2465 psi]: rated value +5 bar [72.5 psi].
> 170 bar [2465 psi]: rated value +10 bar [145 psi].

P-T
psi bar
2900 200
A
2650 180

2400 B
160

2150
140
1900
120
1650
100
1400

1150 80

900 60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 l/min

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 US gal/min

A 170 + 5/-0 bar [2465+ 73/-0 psi]

B 140 + 5/-0 bar [2030 + 73/-0 psi]

Check valve function in LS

The check valve in the LS line of VSPP LS dynamic steering units protects the driver against steering
wheel jerks. The check valve prevents oil from flowing backwards into the LS line to the priority valve,
when steering against a high pressure on the cylinder side. The need for the LS check valve is very system
dependent. It is recommended to be included in VSPP LS up to and including 200 cm3/rev sizes.

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Pressure drop, P-EF

This data comes from measurements on a representative sample of VSPP LS w. standard spool/sleeve set.
Oil with viscosity of 21 mm²/s at 50 °C [102 SUS at 122 °F] was used during measuring. Measurement
made when pressure on the LS connection is zero (steering unit in neutral position). The minimum curves
apply when the pressure on the EF connection is higher than the actual control spring pressure. The
curves for control spring pressure of 4 or 7 bar [58 or 101 psi] apply when pressure on the EF connection
is zero.
Pressure drop, P-EF, for VSPP LS w. standard dynamic LS spool/sleeve set

P-EF, VSPP
psi bar
18
7 bar
240 16
210 14
180 12 4 bar

150 10 min.

120 8

90 6

60 4

30 2
Qp
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 l/min

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 US gal/min

Shock valves

The shock valves protect the steering unit and reduce external forces on the steering cylinder by limiting
the pressure difference from L to T and from R to T.
The shock valves are set at 3 l/min [0.792 US gal/min]
At higher flow, pressure peaks may occur.
The shock valves are of the direct acting type, so they react very quickly.
Setting tolerance: rated value +20 bar [290 psi].

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VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Suction valves

The suction valves allow oil suction to avoid cavitation in the steering cylinder. To provide correct
suction, a back pressure valve must be fitted in the tank line from the steering unit.
Generally Danfoss recommend a back pressure of 2 bar [29 psi], but on vehicles with strong self-
straightening tendencies and on articulated steered vehicles, we recommend 5-10 bar [72.5 - 145 psi]. For
further advice, please contact the Danfoss Sales Organisation.

A connection which incorporates a check valve must be established to allow oil flow to by-pass the back
pressure valve (and filter) from the tank to steering unit. See diagram examples in sub catalogue “General
Steering Components” page 37 - 39.

T-R T-R
T-L T-L
psi bar
100 7

6
80
5

60 4

3
40
2
20
1

0 0 Qp
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 l/min

Qp
0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 1.75 2 2.25 2.50 2.75 US gal/min

150-374.10

Check valve in P

The check valve in the P connection of the steering unit protects the driver against steering wheel jerks.
The check valve prevents oil from flowing backwards into the pump line when steering against a high
pressure on the cylinder side. The pressure drop across the check valve is indicated on the following
graph, which assumes the use of port adaptors with 11 mm [0.43 in] minimum bore.
∆p ∆p
psi bar
90 6
75 5
60 4

45 3

30 2

15 1

0 0 Qp
0 10 20 30 40 50 l/min
Qp
0 3 6 9 12 USgal/min

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Technical data, VSPP LS

Weights

Type Weight, kg [lb]

VSPP 50 LS 5.2 [11.46]
VSPP 70 LS 5.3 [11.68]
VSPP 80 LS 5.3 [11.68]
VSPP 100 LS 5.4 [11.90]
VSPP 125 LS 5.5 [12.13]
VSPP 160 LS 5.6 [12.35]
VSPP 200 LS 5.8 [12.79]
VSPP 250 LS 6.0 [13.23]
VSPP 315 LS 6.2 [13.67]
VSPP 400 LS 7.0 [15.43]

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Port thread versions

D
Ø28.6[1.126]
Ø28.3[1.114]
N

P, T, L, R: max 0.6[0.024]

min.15[0.59]
D G port w. spot face (P, T, L, R, EF)

N DIN 3852-2 – G1/2

F
Ø28.6[1.126]
Ø28.3[1.114]
P
P, T, L, R: max 0.6[0.024]

min.15[0.59]

F Metric ports w. spot face and O-ring chamfer (P, T, L, R, EF)

P ISO 6149-1 - M18 x 1.5

I
Ø28.6 [1.126]
Ø28.3 [1.114]
Ø20.8 [0.819]
Ø20.6 [0.812]
P, T, L, R: max 0.6 [0.024]

S
min 15 [0.59]

I UNF ports w. spot face and O-ring chamfer (P, T, L, R, EF)

S ISO 11926-1 ¾-16UNF O-ring boss port

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

Dimensions

VSPP

VSPP LS
30.2
33.5

EF

L1
min. 7.1 L2 79
A
44 B
ø44.4±0.05

L R

max. 87
ø25.4

ø91
44

T P
0.3
2±
ø8

38
2.8
7 EF max. 5.3
45°
29 45.5 min. ø28.6
57
102

A (P, T, L, R, and EF)

G ½ w. spot face (G, DIN 3852-2) 15 mm [0.59 in] deep
Or: M18 x 1.5 ISO 6149-1, 15 mm [0.59 in] deep
Or: 3/4 - 16 UNF O-ring boss ISO 11926-1 15 mm [0.59 in] deep

B M10 x 1.5, 16 mm [0.63 in] deep

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VSPP Steering Unit

Dimensions

VSPP dimensions details

VSPP dimensions
Type L1 L2
mm [in] mm [in]
VSPP 50 125 [4.92] 6.5 [0.26]
VSPP 70 127 [4.99] 9.1 [0.36]
VSPP 80 128 [5.04] 10.4 [0.41]
VSPP 100 131 [5.16] 13.0 [0.51]
VSPP 125 134 [5.28] 16.2 [0.64]
VSPP 160 139 [5.47] 20.8 [0.82]
VSPP 200 144 [5.67] 26.0 [1.02]
VSPP 250 150 [5.91] 32.5 [1.28]
VSPP 315 159 [6.26] 40.9 [1.61]
VSPP 400 170 [6.69] 52.0 [2.05]

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

VSPP MMC

Determine Master Model Code (MMC). Fill in with codes from Variants codes for VSPP MMC on page 19,
to specify VSPP steering unit.

MMC-pos. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Type Displ. Circuit type PTL&R size PTL&R Column EF size
interface thread
Your VSPP
Example* VSPP## 0100 LSH# UUUU C M H

MMC-pos. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
EF interface EF location Relief valve Shock valves Suction Check valves Neutral
valves springs
Your VSPP
Example* C 9 180 240 1 4 N03

MMC-pos. 15 16 17 18 19
Spool/sleeve set Gear set Special Label Paint
Your VSPP
Example* SV5 G01 NN DNFS PB
* Example is a valid for Catalog code of VSPP 100 LSH: 11189283

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VSPP Steering Unit

VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

Variants codes for VSPP MMC

MMC pos. 1 Main steering product Type1

VSPP## VSPP Steering units w. integrated priority valve

MMC pos. 2 Displacement, cm3/rev

0050 50
0070 70
0080 80
0100 100
0125 125
0160 160
0200 200
0250 250
0315 315
0400 400

MMC pos. 3 Circuit type

LSH# Load Sensing non reaction, High spec.

MMC pos. 4 P, T, L & T Port Size

MMMM M18x1.5 (ISO 6149-1)
UUUU 3/4"-16 UNF (ISO 11926-1)
GGGG G1/2" (DIN 3852-2)

MMC pos. 5 P, T, L & T Port Interface

A O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 6149-1)
C O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 11926-1)
E Spot-face (for G-thread, DIN 3852-2)

MMC pos. 6 Column Thread

M M10x1,5

MMC pos. 7 EF Port Size

M M18x1.5 (ISO 6149-1)
H 3/4"-16 UNF (ISO 11926-1)
G G1/2" (DIN 3852-2)

MMC pos. 8 EF Port Interface

A O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 6149-1)
C O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 11926-1)
E Spot-face (for G-thread, DIN 3852-2)

MMC pos. 9 EF Port Location

9 On Side

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Technical Information
VSPP Steering Unit

VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

MMC pos. Relief valve setting

10
140 Value for setting (140 bar), P-T.
All VSPP's have relief valve.
Range VSPP: 50 - 190 bar

MMC pos. Shock valves

11
NNN No shock valves (only possible for VSPP with G-thread, DIN 3852-2)
200 Value for setting (200 bar), R-T/L-T.
Shock and suction valves are belonging
Range: 110 - 250 bar, last digit: 0 or 5

MMC pos. Suction valves

12
N No suction valves (only possible for VSPP with G-thread, DIN 3852-2)
1 Shock and suction valves are belonging

MMC pos. Check valves

13
1 Check valve in P (standard)
4 Check valve in P and in LS (standard in LS up to and included 200 ccm/rev)

MMC pos. Neutral Springs

14
N01 11124634, torque 0.7-1.7 Nm in normal steering situations. Soft
N03 150N4019, torque 0.6-2.5 Nm in normal steering situations. Medium
N05 150-4209, torque 0.8-4 Nm in normal steering situations. Standard

MMC pos. Spool/ Sleeve Set

15
SV5 LSH: Dynamic flow recommended 0.6-0.9 l/min. Constant pressure. High Spec.
SV6 LSH High dynamic: Dynamic flow recommended 1.0-1.3 l/min. Constant pressure.
High Spec.

MMC pos. Gear set

16
G03 Gear set, Standard cross grinded
G01 Gear set, Low Noise/profile grinded, available up to and including 250 ccm/rev
G04 Gear set, Standard cross grinded, with Seal Star (for low slippage)
Available in 50, 70, 80, 100 and 125 ccm/rev

MMC pos. Special

17
NN Not Applicable
XX Special feature

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VSPP Steering Unit

VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

MMC pos. Label

18
DNFS Danfoss name tag
XXXX Special Label

MMC pos. Paint

19
PB Black, Powder, RAL 9005, Corrosion class C3. Standard covering

© Danfoss | July 2021 BC358854914884en-000102 | 21

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