NSTP Pre Finals Reviewer

GE1807
Leadership
• It is one of the highly regarded qualities of an individual to be successful in life.
• It is the art of influencing people so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically, with zeal and
confidence, toward the achievement of group goals.
Functions of a Leader
• Planning
Strategic planning is essential for every organization to move forward. Thus, a leader must be well-suited
most for looking at long-term goals and knowing how to get there. He/she must also be capable of
ensuring that the vision isn't lost in secondary views and tangents.
• Organizing
Once the plan is made, a leader must be able to organize the group so that the plan can be executed. It is
about delegating tasks, establishing procedures and developing performance metrics. A leader must also
get feedback from the team, as to what has worked and what might impede achieving the new outline
plans and goals. By using the existing resources, processes can also be established to work in the trenches,
and that they will move forward to the bigger goal.
• Leading
Leading is not just how one can get the job done; instead, it is how one gets his team to understand each
respective component accomplished moving closer to the end-goals. It is possible to use any leadership
style for day-to-day operations, but team morale must be critically considered in choosing these styles.
Leaders must think about how to motivate the team best to achieve the goal.
• Controlling
Controlling doesn’t mean micromanaging. Controlling in leadership is making sure that there are means
to define success. Leaders must be very good at determining if the plan is succeeding. If a problem or gap
is found, corrective action must be taken to adjust or fix the problem, or the strategy might fail.
Types of Leadership
The Persuasive type of leadership takes into consideration the physical, mental and human capabilities
and limitations of the individual members of a group. A persuasive leader does things by example. More
often than not, he gets results through the willing and cheerful cooperation of the men under him.
On the other hand, an Authoritarian leader is one who relies on the exclusive and forceful use of rank or
authority alone. Of course, this type of a leader rarely considers human frailties and limitations. By using
his position or authority alone, this leader generates animosities and the inward hostility of the men under
him.
The Laissez Faire type of leadership may be the least effective in terms of results. A leader of this type is
usually or generally associated with the bahala na or are achieved through the exercise of group leadership
and not through a particular individual who is presumed to be the leader of a group.
03 Handout 1 *Property of STI

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GE1807
Principles of Leadership
1. Take responsibility for your actions. A leader must be responsible for both his actions and those of
his subordinates. Remember:
a) It is better to accept the blame rather than pass the buck.
b) Understand just where your responsibility begins and where it ends.
c) Look for opportunities to help you do your task.
2. Know yourself and seek self-improvement. Apply your knowledge of human behavior in an honest
self-analysis to improve your attitude and enhance your understanding of others.
3. Set the example. Be a model and exemplary leader. Men learn most effectively from what they see in
their leader.
4. Seek responsibility and develop a sense of responsibility among your subordinates. A true leader
does not shirk responsibility; instead, he seeks it. Likewise, he holds his subordinates responsible for
results and not for methods and procedures.
5. Ensure that the job is understood, supervised, and accomplished. Proper understanding and
supervision of a task help ensure the accomplishment of anything desired. To this end, instructions
must be given in a specific, positive, and clear manner.
6. Know your men and look for their welfare. A leader's understanding and knowing of his men have
advantages. He can readily predict and control his subordinate's behavior where he can also feel their
necessities and desires.
7. Keep your men informed. The Filipino soldier will work harder and will cooperate more effectively if
he understands why.
8. Employ your command in accordance with its capabilities. Assign objectives that are possible of
attainment. Using your unit in accordance with its capabilities helps ensure its success.
9. Train your men as a team. A team fails or succeeds only if every member does his share of the job.
Teamwork is an essential cognomen of military operations.
10. Make a sound and timely decision. The ability to make a rapid estimate of the situation and arrive at
a sound and an appropriate decision is necessary to take advantage of opportunities as they occur.
11. Know your job. Knowledge of your job helps you to make sure of yourself and commands the respect
of your men.
Ingredients and Indications of a Good Leader

Virtues as Foundations of Leadership
1. Prudence. The habit which enables man to direct his actions to human life's goals of knowing the
right thing to do and applying it.
2. Justice. The habit of giving each one his due with constant and perpetual will gives stability which
man needs to work without fear and anxiety in the search for happiness.
3. Fortitude. The habit of overcoming the difficulties and pressures of life in the pursuit of good.
4. Temperance. The habit of bringing the desires and the natural inclination of man under the control
of right reason.
5. Industry. The habit of working hard and working under pressure.
6. Loyalty. The habit of remaining true to your friends and to your principles and goals.
7. Responsibility. The habit of being accountable for one's actions, duties, obligations, readiness to
answer to the consequences of our actions.
8. Cheerfulness. The habit of being optimistic, positive, always seeing the bright side of things.
9. Generosity. The habit of sharing the good that one has with other people, thinking first of the
people around him and looking for ways he can help and serve them.
10. Magnanimity. The habit of having high ideals and ambitions of doing good; being concerned with
doing great deeds of service to others by devoting his life to serve his country or to help people.

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GE1807
Traits of a Good Leader

1. Integrity. It is the uprightness of character and the soundness of one's moral principles. It also
means the quality of absolute truthfulness and honesty.
2. Knowledge. Nothing gains confidence and respect more quickly than demonstrated knowledge -
both of your job and of your men. The man who knows his job builds confidence in himself as well
as in others.
3. Courage. It is a mental quality that recognizes fear, yet it enables a man to meet anger or
opposition with calmness and firmness.
4. Decisiveness. This means the ability to reach sound decisions promptly and to announce them
forcefully and clearly which, is the hallmark of a good leader.
5. Initiative. Seeing what has to be done and doing it even in the absence of orders is what is called
initiative.
6. Dependability. A dependable leader is one who can be relied upon to carry out actively,
intelligently and willingly the intent of his commander to the best of his ability.
7. Tact. In the field of human relations, tact is the ability to understand human nature and
consideration for the feeling to deal with men without causing friction or taking offense.
8. Justice. Reduced to its simplest definition, justice implies the giving of appropriate rewards and
the meeting out of penalties for wrongs done.
9. Enthusiasm. It is the display of real interest in one's job and the determination to do it
exceptionally well.
10. Bearing. One's personal appearance and conduct have an important influence on man.
11. Endurance. It is a tribute that enables a leader to withstand pain, fatigue, duress, and hardship
without complaining.
12. Unselfishness. An unselfish leader is one who does not take advantage of the situation just to
promote or enhance his personal pleasures, gain, or safety at the expense of his unit.
References:
Leonard, K. (2018, June 26). Four Functions of Management and Leadership Styles. Retrieved January 4, 2019,
from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/four-functions-management-leadership-styles-64958.html
Viray, F., Gamit, E., Milo, J., Mina III, J., & Yabut, J. (2011). National Service Training Program II (CWTS and LTS).
Malabon City: Mutya Publishing House.

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GE1807

03 Handout 1 *Property of STI

Ingredients and Indications of a Good Leader

03 Handout 1 *Property of STI

Traits of a Good Leader

03 Handout 1 *Property of STI

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