Chi-Square Tests: Testing for a Discrete Probability Distribution

Project Description:

The present study shows data for a sample of Snapchat users. A social researcher is interested in determining the most importa
surveyed sample of Snapchat users said the most important feature is "Chat and Photo Messaging", 28% said it is "Stories", an
users to determine if the data distribution follows the stated probability distribution found in 2017.
We will use Excel equations to find the expected frequencies of Snapchat users’ preferred features and build a table with the ex
test statistic. We will compare the test statistic with the critical value and decide if we should reject or not reject the null hypoth
function to find the observed level of significance (p-value).

Use a cell reference or a single formula where appropriate in order to receive full credit. Do not copy and paste values or type v
answers.

Steps to Perform:

Step

3
4
5
6
7

9
10
11
12

13

14

15

16

17
18
19

20
21
Chi-Square Tests: Testing for a Discrete Probability Distribution

Project Description:

The present study shows data for a sample of Snapchat users. A social researcher is interested in determining the most important features
surveyed sample of Snapchat users said the most important feature is "Chat and Photo Messaging", 28% said it is "Stories", and 4% said i
users to determine if the data distribution follows the stated probability distribution found in 2017.
We will use Excel equations to find the expected frequencies of Snapchat users’ preferred features and build a table with the expected and
test statistic. We will compare the test statistic with the critical value and decide if we should reject or not reject the null hypothesis. We w
function to find the observed level of significance (p-value).

Use a cell reference or a single formula where appropriate in order to receive full credit. Do not copy and paste values or type values, unle
answers.

Steps to Perform:

Instructions

Start Excel. Download and open the workbook named:

Chi_Square_Testing_for_a_Discrete_Probability_Distribution_Start
A social researcher is interested in knowing if the distribution of the most important features for Snapchat users are similar to the stated distr
appropriate null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E3.
What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E4.
In cells C7:C9, find the expected probabilities from the data table on the Data sheet.
In cells D7:D9, fill the total number of sampled users from the data table on the Data sheet.
In cells E7:E9, find the expected frequencies of users.
In cells F7:F9, for each of the main features determine the observed frequencies of users from the Data sheet.
In cells C13:E15, subtract the expected frequencies from the observed frequencies.

Note: use values from Step 6 and Step 7 in your calculations.

In cells D13:D15, square each value in C13:C15.
In cells E13:E15, divide each value in D13:D15 by each value in E7:E9.
In cell E16, find the value of the chi-square test.
How many degrees of freedom does this chi-square test have? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E17.
In cell E18, find the critical chi-square value at alpha = 0.05.

Hint: use the CHISQ.INV.RT function.

By assessing the values in cells E16 and E18, do you reject the null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E19.
In cell E20, find the p-value using the chi-square test value.

Hint: use the CHISQ.DIST.RT function.

In cell E21, find the p-value using the data ranges in cells F7:F9 and E7:E9.

Hint: use the CHISQ.TEST function.

By considering the p-value, can the same conclusion be made about rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis at alpha = 0.05? Choose yo
Based on your answer in cell E22, what can you conclude? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E23.
In cell E24, find the value of the critical chi-square at alpha = 0.01.

Hint: use the CHISQ.INV.RT function.

By assessing the values in cells E16 and E24, do you reject the null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E25.
Save your file and submit for grading.
 n 2017, 68% of the
mple of 120 Snapchat

re test and find the

We will use an Excel

redit for your

Points
Possible

5
5
5
5
5

5
5
6
5

5
5
 6

5
0
100
Main Reason Expected Percentage Actual Number of People
Chat and Photo Messaging 68% 76
Stories 28% 35
Discover 4% 9
Total 120
Main Reason Expected Number of People
Chat and Photo Messaging 81.6
Stories 33.6
Discover 4.8
Total 120
Chi-Square Tests: Testing for a Discrete Probability Distribution
Use a cell reference or a single formula where appropriate in order to receive full credit. Do not copy and paste
A social researcher is interested in determining the most important features for Snapchat users and would like t
1-2. features is similar to what is shown in the table on the Data sheet. What is the appropriate null hypothesis? Cho
dropdown menu in cell E3.

3. What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E4.

In cells C7:D9, determine the associated probabilities and total number of users for each of the main features. I
4-7.
determine the observed frequencies of users from the Data sheet.

Main Feature

Chat and Photo Messaging

Stories

Discover

8-10. In cells C13:E16, perform the steps of the chi-square test by completing the table below.
Main Feature
Chat and Photo Messaging
Stories
Discover
11. In cell E16, find the value of the chi-square test.
12. How many degrees of freedom does this chi-square test have? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu i
13. In cell E18, find the critical chi-square value at alpha = 0.05.
14. By assessing the values in cells E16 and E18, do you reject the null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the
15. In cell E20, find the p-value using the chi-square test value.
16. In cell E21, find the p-value using the data ranges in cells F7:F9 and E7:E9.
By considering the p-value, can the same conclusion be made about rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothes
17.
answer from the dropdown menu in cell E22.

18. Based on your answer in cell E22, what can you conclude? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in ce
19. In cell E24, find the value of the critical chi-square at alpha = 0.01.
20. By assessing the values in cells E16 and E24, do you reject the null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the
lity Distribution
er to receive full credit. Do not copy and paste values or type values, unless otherwise directed, as you will not receive full
ant features for Snapchat users and would like to determine if the distribution of
et. What is the appropriate null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the

swer from the dropdown menu in cell E4.

number of users for each of the main features. In cells E7:E9, find the expected frequencies of users. In cells F7:F9, for each of t
t.

Probability Total Users

68% 120

28% 120

4% 120

mpleting the table below.

(fo - fe) (fo - fe)^2
-5.60 31.36
1.40 1.96
4.20 17.64

Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E17.

null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E19.

9 and E7:E9.
bout rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis at alpha = 0.05? Choose your

oose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E23.

.01.
null hypothesis? Choose your answer from the dropdown menu in cell E25.
unless otherwise directed, as you will not receive full credit for your answers.

The features distribution follows the stated probability distribution.

The features distribution does not follow the stated probability

distribution.
xpected frequencies of users. In cells F7:F9, for each of the main features

Expected Frequencies [Users] (fe)

81.6

33.6

4.8

((fo - fe)^2)/fe
0.38
0.06
3.68
4.12
2
5.991
No, I do not reject.
0.1276
0.1276
Yes, do not reject the null hypothesis since the p-value is greater
than alpha.

The features distribution follows the stated probability distribution.

9.210
No, I do not reject.
for your answers.

Observed Frequencies (fo)

76

35