00 Perhitungan Alat Besar 1-DeSKTOP-NJGKKH8

DATA DENSITAS : YAWS, 1999 80 C
353 K
Komponen A B n Tc (1-T/Tc)^n B^-(1-T/Tc)^n ρ

C3H4O2 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615 0.769538106 2.8346288085566 0.982057151
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 0.761848886 2.6969343749352 0.733485242
C4H6O2 0.32153 0.25534 0.28571 536 0.73562288 2.7298383854533 0.877724936
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.798285019 2.8108346745729 0.975640716
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 0.871688572 4.1847997353614 1.7646882
NaOH 0.19975 0.09793 0.25382 2820 0.966625271 9.4494456630926 1.887526771
Na2SO4 0.26141 0.1 0.28571 3700 0.97175877 9.3704138134067 2.449519875
DEKANTER 50 C 40 C 37.5 C
NETRALIZER 323 K 313 K 310.5 K

C3H4O2 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615 0.795581434 2.9363643131609 1.017303416
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 0.793063558 2.8088213169567 0.763915134
C4H6O2 0.32153 0.25534 0.28571 536 0.768230711 2.854102093194 0.917679446
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.820746803 2.893772787298 1.004428534
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 0.884512601 4.2738628066788 1.802245207
NaOH 0.19975 0.09793 0.25382 2820 0.969595398 9.5148827538932 1.90059783
Na2SO4 0.26141 0.1 0.28571 3700 0.974239412 9.424089726188 2.463551295
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.82790308 2.9207073297649 1.013777514

H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.829668192 2.927389252071 1.016096809
Menara Distilasi 64.0759 C 337.08 K Atas

C3H4O2 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00 0.7836 2.8891 1.0009
CH3OH 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58 0.7789 2.7576 0.7500
H2O 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13 0.8104 2.8553 0.9911
Na2SO4 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3700.00 0.9731 9.3989 2.4570
Menara Distilasi 103.91 C 376.91 K Bawah
C3H4O2 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00 0.7473 2.7504 0.9529
CH3OH 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58 0.7336 2.5994 0.7070
H2O 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13 0.7792 2.7422 0.9518
Na2SO4 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3700.00 0.9698 9.3276 2.4383
Menara Distilasi 81.10 C 354.10 K Umpan

C3H4O2 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00 0.7685 2.8308 0.9807
CH3OH 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58 0.7606 2.6926 0.7323
H2O 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13 0.7974 2.8077 0.9746
Na2SO4 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3700.00 0.9717 9.3684 2.4490
Densitas Campuran Umpan

Komponen Massa ρl (kg/m3) M/ρ
C3H4O2(l) 5.5808 980.738 0.0057
CH3OH (l) 1,401.4391 732.314 1.9137
H2O(l) 1,184.9840 974.563 1.2159
Na2SO4(l) 434.5747 2,449.005 0.1774
Total 3,026.579 3.3128
Kecepatan massa total
ρl =
Kecepatan volume total
3,026.579 kg/jam
=
3.3128 m3/jam
= 913.6109 kg/m3
DATA VISKOSITAS : YAWS, 1999 80 C
353 K
Komp A B C D (B/T) (C*T) (D*T^2) Viskositas

C3H4O2 -15.9215 2.44E+03 3.44E-02 -2.77E-05 6.91E+00 1.21E+01 -3.45E+00 0.4801
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 3.55E+00 7.90E+00 -2.93E+00 0.2917
C4H6O2 -12.1755 1.69E+03 2.86E-02 -2.63E-05 4.78E+00 1.01E+01 -3.28E+00 0.2504
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 5.08E+00 6.26E+00 -1.57E+00 0.3523
H2SO4 -18.7045 3.50E+03 3.31E-02 -1.70E-05 9.90E+00 1.17E+01 -2.12E+00 5.7068
NaOH -4.1939 2.05E+03 2.79E-03 -6.16E-07 5.81E+00 9.85E-01 -7.67E-02 336.0765
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03 9.24E-07 -1.30E+01 -2.40E+00 1.15E-01 0.0001
DEKANTER 50 C 40 C 37.5 C
NETRALIZER 323 K 313 K 310.5 K
Komp A B C D (B/T) (C*T) (D*T^2) Viskositas

C3H4O2 -15.9215 2.44E+03 3.44E-02 -2.77E-05 7.56E+00 1.11E+01 -2.89E+00 0.713
CH3OH -9.0562 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 3.88E+00 7.23E+00 -2.46E+00 0.399
C4H6O2 -12.1755 1.69E+03 2.86E-02 -2.63E-05 5.22E+00 9.22E+00 -2.75E+00 0.331
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 5.55E+00 5.73E+00 -1.32E+00 0.553
H2SO4 -18.7045 3.50E+03 3.31E-02 -1.70E-05 1.08E+01 1.07E+01 -1.78E+00 10.691
NaOH -4.1939 2.05E+03 2.79E-03 -6.16E-07 6.35E+00 9.02E-01 -6.43E-02 988.453
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03 9.24E-07 -1.42E+01 -2.19E+00 9.64E-02 0.000011
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 5.73E+00 5.55E+00 -1.24E+00 0.665

H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 5.77E+00 5.51E+00 -1.22E+00 0.699
Feed (Umpan)
Komponen kmol/jam kg/jam Xi μ (cp) Xi.μ (kg/m.s)
C3H4O2 0.08 5.61 0.0008 0.71 5.87E-07
CH3OH 44.04 1,409.13 0.2068 0.40 8.25E-05
C4H6O2 43.88 3,773.65 0.5538 0.33 1.83E-04
H2O 66.19 1,191.49 0.1748 0.55 9.67E-05
Na2SO4 3.06 434.57 0.0638 0.00 6.76E-10
Total 157.25 6,814.46 1.00 2.00 3.63E-04
μ campuran = 0.0004 kg/m.s

= 0.3630 cP
Kesetimbangan fase cair-uap dapat didekati dengan persamaan tekanan uap sebagai berikut :
Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2 23.0607 -3.13E+03 -4.8813 4.36E-04 -4.92E-13
CH3OH 45.6171 -3.24E+03 -13.9880 6.64E-03 -1.05E-13
C4H6O2 47.0416 -3.12E+03 -14.8600 7.16E-03 3.45E-14
H2O 29.8605 -3.15E+03 -7.3037 2.42E-09 1.81E-06
H2SO4 2.0582 -4.19E+03 3.2578 -1.12E-03 5.54E-07
NaOH -48.2774 -1.93E+03 1.70E+01 2.96E-11 -8.75E-07
Na2SO4 -2.2687 -1.51E+04 3.50E+00 -1.27E-03 1.77E-07
Data diperoleh dari Yaws, C.L., Chemical Properties Handbook, 1999.
Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) Fase Cair :
Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 (J/mol.K)
Komponen
A B C D
C3H4O2 -18.242 1.2106.E+00 -3.1160.E-03 3.1409.E-06
CH3OH 40.152 3.1046.E-01 -1.0291.E-03 1.4598.E-06
H2O 92.053 -3.9953.E-02 -2.1103.E-04 5.3469.E-07
Na2SO4 233.515 -9.5276.E-03 -3.4665.E-05 1.5771.E-08
Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) Fase Gas :

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 + ET4 (J/mol.K)
Komponen
A B C D E
C3H4O2 7.755 2.9386.E-01 -2.0878.E-04 7.1591.E-08 -9.0960.E-12
CH3OH 40.046 -3.8287.E-02 2.4529.E-04 -2.1679.E-07 5.9909.E-11
H2O 33.933 -8.4186.E-03 2.9906.E-05 -1.7825.E-08 3.6934.E-12
Na2SO4 23.349 4.0133.E-01 -5.0787.E-04 2.9884.E-07 -6.6688.E-11
Neraca Massa Basis Metil Akrilat (C4H6O2) 100 kmol/jam
Reaksi = C3H4O2 + CH3OH → C4H6O2 + H2O
Spesifikasi :
Asam Akrilat Metanol Metil Akrilat
Komponen Kadar BM Komponen Kadar BM Komponen Kadar BM
C3H4O2 99.5% 73 CH3OH 99.9% 32 C4H6O2 99.5% 86
H2O 0.5% 18 H2O 0.15% 18 H2O 0.50% 18
(PT Nippon Shokubai Indonesia) (PT Kaltim Methanol Industri)
Asam Sulfat Natium Hidroksida

Komponen Kadar BM Komponen Kadar BM
H2SO4 98% 98 NaOH 48% 40
H2O 2% 18 H2O 52% 18
(PT Petrokimia Gresik) (PT Asahimas Chemical)
Data BM :
No Unsur BM
1 C 12
2 H 1
3 O 16
4 S 32
5 Na 23
Perbandingan Mol C3H4O2 dan CH3OH yaitu = 1 : 2 ,( US Patent 3,875,212)

Data Massa dan Mol Komponen Umpan
Asam Akrilat
Mol asam Akrilat = 100 kmol/jam
Massa asam akrilat = 100 kmol/jam X 72 kg/kmol
= 7200 kg/jam
Massa air dalam asam akrilat = 0,5% dari massa umpan asam akrilat
0.50%
= 7200 X
99.5%
= 36.18090452 kg/jam
Mol air dalam umpan asam akrilat 36.18090452 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 2.010050251 kmol/jam
Umpan total asam akrilat = 7200 kg/jam + 36.18090452 kg/jam
= 7236.180905 kg/jam
Metanol
Mol metanol = 100 kmol/jam X 2
= 200 kmol/jam
Massa metanol = 200 kmol/jam X 32 kg/kmol
= 6400 kg/jam
Massa air dalam metanol = 0,15% dari massa umpan metanol
0.15%
= 6400 X
99.9%
= 9.614421632 kg/jam
Mol air dalam umpan metanol 9.614421632 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.300450676 kmol/jam
Umpan total metanol = 6400 kg/jam + 9.614421632 kg/jam
= 6409.614422 kg/jam
Asam Sulfat
Massa umpan asam sulfat = 5% dari massa umpan total asam akrilat dan metanol
= 7236.180905 kg/jam + 6409.614422 kg/jam
= 13645.79533 kg/jam
5.00%
= 13645.79533 X
100%
= 682.2897663 kg/jam
Mol asam sulfat 682.2897663 kg/jam
=
98
= 6.962140473 kmol/jam
Massa air dalam asam sulfat = 2% dari massa umpan asam sulfat
2.00%
= 682.2897663 X
98.0%
= 13.92428095 kg/jam
Mol air dalam asam sulfat 13.92428095 kg/jam
=
18
= 0.773571164 kmol/jam
MIXER (M-01)
Fungsi : Mencampurkan metanol dengan asam sulfat sebelum diumpankan ke dalam reaktor 01
T = 48 ℃ , P = 1 atm
Input M-01 :
CH3OH = 6400 kg/jam = 200 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = 682.2897663 kg/jam = 6.962140473 kmol/jam
H2O = 23.53870258 kg/jam = 1.307705699 kmol/jam
Output M-01 :
CH3OH = CH3OH input
= 6400 kg/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 682.2897663 kg/jam
H2O = H2O input
= 23.53870258 kg/jam
Neraca Massa Total Mixer-01 :
Input Output
Komponen BM
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
CH3OH 32 200.0000 6400.0000 200.0000 6400.0000
H2O 18 1.3077 23.5387 1.3077 23.5387
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 6.9621 682.2898
Total 208.2698 7105.8285 208.2698 7105.8285
REAKTOR (R-01)
Fungsi : Mereaksikan asam akrilat dan metanol menjadi metil akrilat dengan bantuan katalis asam sulfat
Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm
Konversi asam akrilat = 99.0% , Limiting Reactan
Input R-01 :
Umpan dari M-01
CH3OH = 6400.0000 kg/jam = 200 kmol/jam
H2O = 23.5387 kg/jam = 1.307705699 kmol/jam
Fresh feed asam akrilat
C3H4O2 = 7200 kg/jam = 100 kmol/jam
H2O = 36.1809 kg/jam = 2.010050251 kmol/jam
Bereaksi R-01 :
Komponen Mula-mula Bereaksi Sisa
C3H4O2 FA0 -FAo.XA FAo - FAo.XA
CH3OH FB0 -FAo.XA FBo - FBo.XA
C4H6O2 FC0 FAo.XA FAo.XA
H2O FD0 FAo.XA FAo.XA
FAo = 100 kmol/jam

FBo = 200 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -99.0000 kmol/jam
CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -99 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 99 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 99 kmol/jam
Output R-01 :
C3H4O2 = C3H4O2 input - C3H4O2 bereaksi
= 100 kmol/jam + -99 kmol/jam
= 1 kmol/jam
CH3OH = CH3OH input - CH3OH bereaksi
= 200 kmol/jam + -99 kmol/jam
= 101 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = C4H6O2 bereaksi
= 99 kmol/jam
H2O = H2O input + H2O bereaksi
= 3.31775595 kmol/jam + 99 kmol/jam
= 102.3178 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 6.9621 kmol/jam
Neraca Massa Total Reaktor-01 :

Input Output
Komponen BM Bereaksi
C3H4O2 72 100.0000 7200.0000 -99.0000 1.0000 72.0000
CH3OH 32 200.0000 6400.0000 -99.0000 101.0000 3232.0000
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 99.0000 99.0000 8514.0000
H2O 18 3.3178 59.7196 99.0000 102.3178 1841.7196
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 0.0000 6.9621 682.2898
Total 310.2798964 14342.00937 310.2799 14342.009
Netralizer (N-01)
Fungsi : Menetralkan H2SO4 dengan bantuan NaOH menjadi Na2SO4
Perbandingan mol H2SO4 : NaOH = 1 : 2
Input N-01 :
Berasal dari output reaktor 02 Fresh feed NaOH
Input Input
Komponen Komponen BM
C3H4O2 1.0000 72.0000 NaOH 40 13.9243 556.9712
CH3OH 101.0000 3232.0000 H2O 18 33.5214 603.3855
C4H6O2 99.0000 8514.0000 Total 47.4457 1160.3567
H2O 102.3178 1841.7196
H2SO4 6.9621 682.2898
Total 310.2798964 14342.009
Bereaksi N-01 :
2 NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
M 13.9243 6.9621
R 13.9243 6.9621 6.9621 13.9243
S - - 6.9621 13.9243
Output N-01 :
C3H4O2 = 1.0000 kmol/jam
CH3OH = 101.0000 kmol/jam
H2O = 149.7635 kmol/jam
Na2SO4 = 6.9621 kmol/jam
Neraca Massa Total Netralizer-01 :
Input Output
C3H4O2 72 1.0000 72.0000 0 1.0000 72.0000
CH3OH 32 101.0000 3232.0000 0 101.0000 3232.0000
C4H6O2 86 99.0000 8514.0000 0 99.0000 8514.0000
H2O 18 135.8392 2445.1051 13.9243 149.7635 2695.7422
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 6.9621 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 13.9243 556.9712 13.9243 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0 6.9621 6.9621 988.6239
Total 357.726 15502.366 357.726 15502.366
DEKANTER (DK-01)
Fungsi : Berfungsi memisahkan campuran berdasarkan kelarutan sehingga terpisah menjadi
fase ringan dan fase berat
Asumsi : Metil akrilat terpisah sempurna menjadi fase ringan
Kondisi operasi : P = 1 atm = 760 mmHg
T = 50 ℃ = 323 K
Data fisis
Densitas (ρ = A B^-(1-T/Tc)^n)
Komponen A B n Tc
C3H4O2 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58
C4H6O2 0.32153 0.25534 0.28571 536
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13
Na2SO4 0.26141 0.1 0.28571 3700
Viskositas (Log 10 = A + B/T + CT + DT^2) (cP)

Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -15.9215 2440.8 0.034383 -2.7677E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1254.2 0.022383 -2.3538E-05
C4H6O2 -12.1755 1685.9 0.028551 -2.6324E-05
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -1.2631E-05
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4576.9 -0.0067848 9.2443E-07
Input DK-01 :
Komponen kmol/jam kg/jam Xi ρ (kg/m3) ρ.xi (kg/m3)
C3H4O2 1.0000 72.0000 0.0046 1017.3034 4.7248
CH3OH 101.0000 3232.0000 0.2085 763.9151 159.2643
C4H6O2 99.0000 8514.0000 0.5492 917.6794 503.9955
H2O 149.7635 2695.7422 0.1739 1004.4285 174.6624
Na2SO4 6.9621 988.6239 0.0638 1802.2452 114.9336
Total 357.726 15502.366 1.000 5505.572 957.5806
Diperoleh harga densitas (ρ) umpan masuk dekanter
ρ umpan = 957.58063 kg/m3
= 59.77981 lb/cuft
Kecepatan Volumetrik Umpan yaitu :

Kecepatan Volumetrik Umpan (QF) Total Massa
=
ρ campuran
15502.3661 kg/jam
=
957.58063 kg/m3
= 16.189097459438 m3/jam
= 0.0044969715165 m3/detik
= 0.1588092000141 cuft/detik
Data kelarutan dalam H2O (labchem.com)
Komponen kelarutan
C3H4O2(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
CH3OH (l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
C4H6O2(l) 1,8 g / 100 ml H2O
H2O(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
Na2SO4(l) 46,7 g / 100 ml H2O
100
C3H4O2 larut dalam H2O = × 2695.7422 kg/jam
100
= 2695.742172 kg/jam ,(Larut sempurna)
100
CH3OH larut dalam H2O = × 2695.7422 kg/jam
100
= 2695.742172 kg/jam
C4H6O2 tidak larut dalam H2O = 8514.0000 kg/jam ,(Terpisah sempurna)
46.7
Na2SO4 larut dalam H2O = × 2695.7422 kg/jam
100
Asumsi : CH3OH yang terpisah mengandung 1% fase ringan.

Fase ringan yang terikut 1
= × 3232.0000 kg/jam
99
= 32.64646465 kg/jam
Maka komposisi yang terlarut dalam air yang terikut dalam fase berat :
C3H4O2 = 72.0000 kg/jam = 0.012000516
CH3OH = 3232.0000 kg/jam = 0.538689815
H2O = 2695.7422 kg/jam = 0.449309669
Sehingga diperoleh hasil atas dekanter :

C3H4O2 = 32.6465 kg/jam × 0.012000516
0.3918 kg/jam
=
72 kg/kmol
= 0.0054 kmol/jam
CH3OH = 32.6465 kg/jam × 0.538689815
17.5863 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.5496 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = 8514.0000 kg/jam
8514.0000 kg/jam
=
86 kg/kmol
= 99.0000 kmol/jam
H2O = 32.6465 kg/jam × 0.449309669
14.6684 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.8149 kmol/jam
Maka komposisi hasil atas dekanter:

Komponen BM kmol/jam kg/jam Xi ρ (kg/m3) ρ.xi (kg/m3)
C3H4O2 72 0.0054 0.3918 0.000046 1017.3034 0.04663
CH3OH 32 0.5496 17.5863 0.002058 763.9151 1.57190
C4H6O2 86 99.0000 8514.0000 0.996180 917.6794 914.17410
H2O 18 0.8149 14.6684 0.001716 1004.4285 1.72387
Total 100.3699 8546.6465 1.0000 3703.3265 917.5165
Diperoleh harga densitas (ρ) campuran hasil atas dekanter
ρ campuran = 917.51650 kg/m3
= 57.27868385 lb/cuft
Sehingga diperoleh hasil bawah dekanter :

C3H4O2, CH3OH, C4H6O2, dan Na2SO4 yang larut dalam air menjadi hasil bawah dekanter (fase berat)
C3H4O2 = ( 1.0000 − 0.0054 ) kmol/jam
= 0.9946 kmol/jam × 72 kg/kmol

= 71.6082 kg/jam
CH3OH = ( 101.0000 − 0.5496 ) kmol/jam

= 3214.4137 kg/jam
H2O = ( 149.7635 − 0.8149 ) kmol/jam

= 2681.0738 kg/jam
Na2SO4 = ( 6.9621 − 0.0000 ) kmol/jam

= 988.6239 kg/jam
Maka komposisi hasil bawah dekanter :

C3H4O2 72 0.9946 71.6082 0.010295 1017.303416 10.47301
CH3OH 32 100.4504 3214.4137 0.462125 763.9151336 353.02447
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 917.679446 0.00000
H2O 18 148.9485 2681.0738 0.385449 1004.428534 387.15577
Na2SO4 142 6.9621 988.6239 0.142131 1802.245207 256.15506
Total 257.3557 6955.7197 1.0000 5505.5717 1006.8083
ρ campuran = 1006.8083 kg/m3 = 62.8637 lb/cuft
Menghitung Kecepatan Volumetrik
Kecepatan Volumetrik Hasil Atas (Fase Ringan) yaitu :
Kecepatan Volumetrik (QL) Total Massa
=
ρ campuran
8546.6465 kg/jam
=
917.5165 kg/m3
= 9.314978502677 m3/jam
= 0.0025874940285 m3/detik
= 0.091376575369 cuft/detik
Kecepatan Volumetrik Hasil Bawah (Fase Berat) yaitu :

Kecepatan Volumetrik (QH) Total Massa
=
ρ campuran
6955.7197 kg/jam
=
1006.8083 kg/m3
= 6.9086831999707 m3/jam
= 0.0019190786667 m3/detik
= 0.0677716873894 cuft/detik
Menghitung Viskositas
Hasil Atas (Fase Ringan)
C3H4O2 0.0054 0.3918 0.000046 0.7134304 3.270332726E-08
CH3OH 0.5496 17.5863 0.002058 0.3988275 8.206619853E-07
C4H6O2 99.0000 8514.0000 0.996180 0.3308423 0.0003295785618
H2O 0.8149 14.6684 0.001716 0.5530266 9.491441769E-07
Total 100.3699 8546.6465 1.0000 1.9961268 0.0003314

= 0.33138107 cP
Hasil Bawah (Fase Berat)

C3H4O2 0.9946 71.6082 0.010295 0.7134304 7.34467E-06
CH3OH 100.4504 3214.4137 0.462125 0.3988275 1.84308E-04
C4H6O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 0.3308423 0.00000E+00
H2O 148.9485 2681.0738 0.385449 0.5530266 2.13163E-04
Na2SO4 6.9621 988.6239 0.142131 0.0000 1.50721E-09
Total 257.3557 6955.7197 1.0000 1.996137 0.0004048

= 0.40481789 cP
Menentukan Koefisien Distribusi (ϴ) pada Hasil Keluaran Dekanter 1 (DC-01)

Koefisien Distribusi (ϴ) QL ρL × μH
= ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
(Coulson and Richardson’s Ed 4th., 2005)
Maka ,
QL ρL × μH
θ = ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
9.3150 m3/jam 917.5165 kg/m3 × 0.404818 cP
= ( )0.3
6.9087 m /jam
3
1006.8083 kg/m 3 × 0.331381 cP
= 1.392407
Keterangan :
θ > 3, fase berat terdispersi
θ < 3, fase ringan terdispersi
2 < θ < 3, fase berat mungkin terdispersi
Neraca Massa Dekanter 01 :

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
C3H4O2 1.0000 72.0000 0.0054 0.3918 0.9946 71.6082
CH3OH 101.0000 3232.0000 0.5496 17.5863 100.4504 3214.4137
C4H6O2 99.0000 8514.0000 99.0000 8514.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 149.7635 2695.7422 0.8149 14.6684 148.9485 2681.0738
Na2SO4 6.9621 988.6239 0.0000 0.0000 6.9621 988.6239
100.3699 8546.6465 257.3557 6955.7197
Total 357.7256 15502.366
357.7256 15502.3661
67689.44
MENARA DISTILASI (MD-01)

Fungsi : Memisahkan metanol dari air, asam akrilat, asam sulfat, dan metil akrilat
Umpan Menara Distilasi 01

Komponen kmol/jam kg/jam fraksi mol fraksi massa
C3H4O2 0.9946 71.6082 0.0039 0.0102948694239
CH3OH 100.4504 3214.4137 0.3903 0.4621252496956
H2O 148.9485 2681.0738 0.5788 0.3854488008125
Na2SO4 6.9621 988.6239 0.0271 0.142131080068
Total 257.3557 6955.7197 1.0000 1.0000
Menentukan Kondisi Umpan, Operasi Atas, dan Dasar Menara Distilasi dengan metode Hengstebeck
Asumsi umpan :
a. Umpan masuk dalam kondisi cair jenuh
b. Sebagai komponen kunci ringan (light key component/lk) dipilih komponen metanol
c. sebagai komponen kunci berat (heavy key component/hk) dipilih komponen air
Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2(l) 23.0607 -3134.7 -4.8813 0.0004359 -4.9161E-13
CH3OH (l) 45.6171 -3244.7 -13.988 0.0066365 -1.0507E-13
H2O(l) 29.8605 -3152.2 -7.3037 2.4247E-09 0.000001809
Na2SO4(l) -2.2687 -15051 3.5005 -0.0012712 1.7716E-07
Persamaan Tekanan Uap :

Log P° = A + B/T + C LogT + DT + ET2
Sehingga harga konstanta kesetimbangan fase uap-cair (K) dapat ditentukan :

K = P° / Pt
Dimana, K = konstanta kesetimbangan fase uap-cair

P° = tekanan uap (mmHg)
Pt = tekanan total (mmHg)
1. Kondisi operasi umpan menara terjadi pada keadaan bubble point, digunakan kondensor total
∑Xi = ∑Yi / Ki = 1,00 Dengan cara trial pada tekanan 836 mmHg (1,1 atm), dicoba :
Trial and error, T = 81.102 ºC Pt = 761.2179977 mmHg
= 354.10 K = 1.00 atm
Komponen F Xi P° K Yi Alpha Log (Alp)
C3H4O2(l) 0.9946 0.0039 8.307.E+01 1.091.E-01 0.0004 2.250.E-01 -6.48.E-01
CH3OH (l) 100.4504 0.3903 1.402.E+03 1.842.E+00 0.7188 3.797.E+00 5.79.E-01
H2O(l) 148.9485 0.5788 3.692.E+02 4.851.E-01 0.2807 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 6.9621 0.0271 5.271.E-37 6.925.E-40 0.0000 1.428.E-39 -3.88.E+01
Total 257.3557 1.000 1.000
2. Kondisi Operasi Atas

= 337.763 K = 1.000 atm
Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam Xi P° K Yi Alpha Log (Alp)
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.839.E+01 5.050.E-02 0.000 5.038.E-02 -1.30.E+00
CH3OH (l) 3209.5921 100.2998 0.9973 7.621.E+02 1.002.E+00 1.000 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
H2O(l) 4.8216 0.2679 0.0027 1.845.E+02 2.427.E-01 0.001 2.421.E-01 -6.16.E-01
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.099.E-39 5.391.E-42 0.000 5.379.E-42 -4.13.E+01
Total 3214.4137 100.5676 1.0000 1.000
3. Kondisi Operasi Bawah
= 376.911 K = 1.0877 atm
C3H4O2(l) 71.6082 0.9946 0.0063 2.152.E+02 2.603.E-01 0.002 2.481.E-01 -6.05.E-01
CH3OH (l) 4.8216 0.1507 0.0010 2.974.E+03 3.598.E+00 0.003 3.429.E+00 5.35.E-01
H2O(l) 2676.2522 148.6807 0.9483 8.673.E+02 1.049.E+00 0.995 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 988.6239 6.9621 0.0444 2.307.E-34 2.790.E-37 0.000 2.659.E-37 -3.66.E+01
Total 3741.3060 156.7881 1.0000 1.000
NERACA MASSA KONTINYU
Neraca massa kontinyu adalah neraca massa pada saat pabrik berjalan secara kontinyu atau terdapat recycle pada
prosesnya. Bahan yang di recycle adalah bahan dari hasil atas menara distilasi yaitu methanol dan air
Terjadi perubahan Input pada fresh feed metanol sebesar

Fresh metanol = 6400 kg/jam - 3209.5921 kg/jam
= 3190.4079 kg/jam
Fresh air = 9.6144216324487 kg/jam - 4.8216 kg/jam
= 4.7928 kg/jam
Maka neraca massa baru dengan adanya penambahan dari recycle menjadi :
MIXER (M-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32 200.0000 6400.0000 200.0000 6400.0000
H2O 18 1.3077 23.5387 1.3077 23.5387
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 6.9621 682.2898
Total 208.2698 7105.8285 208.2698 7105.8285
REAKTOR (R-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 100.0000 7200.0000 1.0000 72.0000
CH3OH 32 200.0000 6400.0000 101.0000 3232.0000
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 99.0000 8514.0000
H2O 18 3.3178 59.7196 102.3178 1841.7196
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 6.9621 682.2898
Total 310.2799 14342.009 310.2798964 14342.00937
NETRALIZER (N-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 1.0000 72.0000 1.0000 72.0000
CH3OH 32 101.0000 3232.0000 101.0000 3232.0000
C4H6O2 86 99.0000 8514.0000 99.0000 8514.0000
H2O 18 135.8392 2445.1051 149.7635 2695.7422
H2SO4 98 6.9621 682.2898 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 13.9243 556.9712 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 6.9621 988.6239
Total 357.726 15502.366 357.726 15502.366
DEKANTER (DK-01)
Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 1.0000 72.0000 0.0054 0.3918 0.9946 71.6082
CH3OH 32 101.0000 3232.0000 0.5496 17.5863 100.4504 3214.4137
C4H6O2 86 99.0000 8514.0000 99.0000 8514.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 18 149.7635 2695.7422 0.8149 14.6684 148.9485 2681.0738
Na2SO4 142 6.9621 988.6239 0.0000 0.0000 6.9621 988.6239
100.3699 8546.6465 257.3557 6955.7197
Total 357.7256 15502.366
357.7256 15502.3661

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.9946 71.6082 0.0000 0.0000 0.9946 71.6082
CH3OH 32 100.4504 3214.4137 100.2998 3209.5921 0.1507 4.8216
H2O 18 148.9485 2681.0738 0.2679 4.8216 148.6807 2676.2522
Na2SO4 142 6.9621 988.6239 0.0000 0.0000 6.9621 988.6239
100.5676 3214.4137 156.7881 3741.3060
Total 257.3557 6955.7197
257.3557 6955.7197
Neraca Massa Kapasitas Metil Akrilat (C4H6O2) 30000 kg/jam
Spesifikasi :
C3H4O2 99.5% 73 CH3OH 99.9% 32 C4H6O2 99.5% 86
H2O 0.5% 18 H2O 0.15% 18 H2O 0.50% 18

H2SO4 98% 98 NaOH 48% 40
H2O 2% 18 H2O 52% 18
Data BM :
No Unsur BM
1 C 12
2 H 1
3 O 16
4 S 32
5 Na 23

Asam Akrilat
Mol asam Akrilat = 44.32005938 kmol/jam
Massa asam akrilat = 44.32005938 kmol/jam X 72 kg/kmol
= 3191.044275 kg/jam
0.50%
= 3191.044275 X
99.5%
= 16.03539837 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.890855465 kmol/jam
Umpan total asam akrilat = 3191.044275 kg/jam + 16.03539837 kg/jam
= 3207.079674 kg/jam
Metanol
Mol metanol = 44.32005938 kmol/jam X 2
= 88.64011875 kmol/jam
Massa metanol = 88.64011875 kmol/jam X 32 kg/kmol
= 2836.4838 kg/jam
0.15%
= 2836.4838 X
99.9%
= 4.261117376 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.133159918 kmol/jam
Umpan total metanol = 2836.4838 kg/jam + 4.261117376 kg/jam
= 2840.744918 kg/jam
Asam Sulfat
= 3207.079674 kg/jam + 2840.744918 kg/jam
= 6047.824591 kg/jam
5.00%
= 6047.824591 X
100%
= 302.3912296 kg/jam
=
98
= 3.085624791 kmol/jam
2.00%
= 302.3912296 X
98.0%
= 6.171249583 kg/jam
=
18
= 0.342847199 kmol/jam
MIXER (M-01)
T = 48 ℃ , P = 1 atm
Input M-01 :
CH3OH = 2836.4838 kg/jam = 88.64011875 kmol/jam
H2O = 10.43236696 kg/jam = 0.579575942 kmol/jam
Output M-01 :
CH3OH = CH3OH input
= 2836.4838 kg/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 302.3912296 kg/jam
H2O = H2O input
= 10.43236696 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32 88.6401 2836.4838 88.6401 2836.4838
H2O 18 0.5796 10.4324 0.5796 10.4324
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 3.0856 302.3912
Total 92.3053 3149.3074 92.3053 3149.3074
REAKTOR (R-01)
Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm
Input R-01 :
Umpan dari M-01
H2O = 10.4324 kg/jam = 0.579575942 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = 3191.044275 kg/jam = 44.32005938 kmol/jam
H2O = 16.0354 kg/jam = 0.890855465 kmol/jam
Bereaksi R-01 :
FAo = 44.32005938 kmol/jam

FBo = 88.64011875 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -43.8769 kmol/jam
CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -43.8768588 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 43.87685878 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 43.87685878 kmol/jam
Output R-01 :
= 44.32005938 kmol/jam + -44 kmol/jam
= 0 kmol/jam
= 88.64011875 kmol/jam + -44 kmol/jam
= 45 kmol/jam
= 44 kmol/jam
= 1.470431407 kmol/jam + 44 kmol/jam
= 45.3473 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 3.0856 kmol/jam

Input Output
C3H4O2 72 44.3201 3191.0443 -43.8769 0.4432 31.9104
CH3OH 32 88.6401 2836.4838 -43.8769 44.7633 1432.4243
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 43.8769 43.8769 3773.4099
H2O 18 1.4704 26.4678 43.8769 45.3473 816.2512
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 0.0000 3.0856 302.3912
Total 137.5162343 6356.38707 137.5162 6356.387
Netralizer (N-01)
Input N-01 :
Input Input
C3H4O2 0.4432 31.9104 NaOH 40 6.1712 246.8500
CH3OH 44.7633 1432.4243 H2O 18 14.8567 267.4208
C4H6O2 43.8769 3773.4099 Total 21.0280 514.2708
H2O 45.3473 816.2512
H2SO4 3.0856 302.3912
Total 137.5162343 6356.387
Bereaksi N-01 :
M 6.1712 3.0856
R 6.1712 3.0856 3.0856 6.1712
S - - 3.0856 6.1712
Output N-01 :
H2O = 66.3753 kmol/jam
Input Output
C3H4O2 72 0.4432 31.9104 0 0.4432 31.9104
CH3OH 32 44.7633 1432.4243 0 44.7633 1432.4243
C4H6O2 86 43.8769 3773.4099 0 43.8769 3773.4099
H2O 18 60.2040 1083.6720 6.1712 66.3753 1194.7545
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 3.0856 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 6.1712 246.8500 6.1712 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0 3.0856 3.0856 438.1587
Total 158.544 6870.658 158.544 6870.658
DEKANTER (DK-01)
fase ringan dan fase berat
T = 50 ℃ = 323 K
Data fisis
Komponen A B n Tc
C3H4O2 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615.00
CH3OH 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58
C4H6O2 0.32153 0.25534 0.28571 536.00
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13
Na2SO4 0.26141 0.10000 0.28571 3700.00

Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -15.9215 2440.80 0.03438 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.0562 1254.20 0.02238 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -12.1755 1685.90 0.02855 -2.63.E-05
H2O -10.2158 1792.50 0.01773 -1.26.E-05
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4576.90 -0.00678 9.24.E-07
Input DK-01 :
C3H4O2 0.4432 31.9104 0.0046 1017.3034 4.7248
CH3OH 44.7633 1432.4243 0.2085 763.9151 159.2643
C4H6O2 43.8769 3773.4099 0.5492 917.6794 503.9955
H2O 66.3753 1194.7545 0.1739 1004.4285 174.6624
Na2SO4 3.0856 438.1587 0.0638 1802.2452 114.9336
Total 158.544 6870.658 1.000 5505.572 957.5806
ρ umpan = 957.58063 kg/m3
= 59.77981 lb/cuft

=
ρ campuran
6870.6579 kg/jam
=
957.58063 kg/m3
= 7.175017606633 m3/jam
= 0.0019930604463 m3/detik
= 0.0703843317425 cuft/detik
Komponen kelarutan
C3H4O2(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
CH3OH (l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
C4H6O2(l) 1,8 g / 100 ml H2O
H2O(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
Na2SO4(l) 46,7 g / 100 ml H2O
100
100
100
100
= 1194.754531 kg/jam
46.7
100

Fase ringan yang terikut 1
= × 1432.4243 kg/jam
99
= 14.46893252 kg/jam
C3H4O2 = 31.9104 kg/jam = 0.012000516
CH3OH = 1432.4243 kg/jam = 0.538689815
H2O = 1194.7545 kg/jam = 0.449309669

C3H4O2 = 14.4689 kg/jam × 0.012000516
0.1736 kg/jam
=
72 kg/kmol
= 0.0024 kmol/jam
CH3OH = 14.4689 kg/jam × 0.538689815
7.7943 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.2436 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = 3773.4099 kg/jam
3773.4099 kg/jam
=
86 kg/kmol
= 43.8769 kmol/jam
H2O = 14.4689 kg/jam × 0.449309669
6.5010 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.3612 kmol/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.0024 0.1736 0.000046 1017.3034 0.04663
CH3OH 32 0.2436 7.7943 0.002058 763.9151 1.57190
C4H6O2 86 43.8769 3773.4099 0.996180 917.6794 914.17410
H2O 18 0.3612 6.5010 0.001716 1004.4285 1.72387
Total 44.4840 3787.8788 1.0000 3703.3265 917.5165
= 57.27868385 lb/cuft

C3H4O2, CH3OH, C4H6O2, dan Na2SO4 yang larut dalam air menjadi hasil bawah dekanter (fase berat)
C3H4O2 = ( 0.4432 − 0.0024 ) kmol/jam

= 31.7368 kg/jam
CH3OH = ( 44.7633 − 0.2436 ) kmol/jam

= 1424.6301 kg/jam
H2O = ( 66.3753 − 0.3612 ) kmol/jam

= 1188.2535 kg/jam
Na2SO4 = ( 3.0856 − 0.0000 ) kmol/jam

= 438.1587 kg/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.4408 31.7368 0.010295 1017.303416 10.47301
CH3OH 32 44.5197 1424.6301 0.462125 763.9151336 353.02447
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 917.679446 0.00000
H2O 18 66.0141 1188.2535 0.385449 1004.428534 387.15577
Na2SO4 142 3.0856 438.1587 0.142131 1802.245207 256.15506
Total 114.0602 3082.7791 1.0000 5505.5717 1006.8083
=
ρ campuran
3787.8788 kg/jam
=
917.5165 kg/m3
= 4.1284040033469 m3/jam
= 0.0011467788898 m3/detik
= 0.0404981524603 cuft/detik

=
ρ campuran
3082.7791 kg/jam
=
1006.8083 kg/m3
= 3.0619324964 m3/jam
= 0.0008505368046 m3/detik
= 0.0300364520918 cuft/detik
C3H4O2 0.0024 0.1736 0.000046 0.7134304 3.270332726E-08
CH3OH 0.2436 7.7943 0.002058 0.3988275 8.206619853E-07
C4H6O2 43.8769 3773.4099 0.996180 0.3308423 0.0003295785618
H2O 0.3612 6.5010 0.001716 0.5530266 9.491441769E-07
Total 44.4840 3787.8788 1.0000 1.9961268 0.0003314

= 0.33138107 cP

C3H4O2 0.4408 31.7368 0.010295 7.134.E-01 7.345.E-06
CH3OH 44.5197 1424.6301 0.462125 3.988.E-01 1.843.E-04
H2O 66.0141 1188.2535 0.385449 5.530.E-01 2.132.E-04
Na2SO4 3.0856 438.1587 0.142131 1.060.E-05 1.507.E-09
Total 114.0602 3082.7791 1.0000 1.665295 0.0004048

= 0.40481789 cP

= ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
Maka ,
QL ρL × μH
θ = ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
4.1284 m3/jam 917.5165 kg/m3 × 0.404818 cP
= ( )0.3
3.0619 m /jam
3
1006.8083 kg/m 3 × 0.331381 cP
= 1.392407
Keterangan :

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.4432 31.9104 0.0024 0.1736 0.4408 31.7368
CH3OH 44.7633 1432.4243 0.2436 7.7943 44.5197 1424.6301
C4H6O2 43.8769 3773.4099 43.8769 3773.4099 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 66.3753 1194.7545 0.3612 6.5010 66.0141 1188.2535
Na2SO4 3.0856 438.1587 0.0000 0.0000 3.0856 438.1587
44.4840 3787.8788 114.0602 3082.7791
Total 158.5442 6870.658
158.5442 6870.6579
30000

Fungsi : Memisahkan metanol dari air, asam akrilat, asam sulfat, dan metil akrilat

C3H4O2 0.4408 31.7368 0.0039 0.0102948694239
CH3OH 44.5197 1424.6301 0.3903 0.4621252496956
H2O 66.0141 1188.2535 0.5788 0.3854488008125
Na2SO4 3.0856 438.1587 0.0271 0.142131080068
Total 114.0602 3082.7791 1.0000 1.0000
Asumsi umpan :
Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2(l) 23.0607 -3134.7 -4.8813 0.0004359 -4.9161E-13
CH3OH (l) 45.6171 -3244.7 -13.988 0.0066365 -1.0507E-13
H2O(l) 29.8605 -3152.2 -7.3037 2.4247E-09 0.000001809
Na2SO4(l) -2.2687 -15051 3.5005 -0.0012712 1.7716E-07


K = P° / Pt

= 354.10 K = 1.00 atm
C3H4O2(l) 0.4408 0.0039 8.307.E+01 1.091.E-01 0.0004 2.250.E-01 -6.48.E-01
CH3OH (l) 44.5197 0.3903 1.402.E+03 1.842.E+00 0.7188 3.797.E+00 5.79.E-01
H2O(l) 66.0141 0.5788 3.692.E+02 4.851.E-01 0.2807 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 3.0856 0.0271 5.271.E-37 6.925.E-40 0.0000 1.428.E-39 -3.88.E+01
Total 114.0602 1.000 1.000

= 337.763 K = 1.000 atm
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.839.E+01 5.050.E-02 0.000 5.038.E-02 -1.30.E+00
CH3OH (l) 1422.4931 44.4529 0.9973 7.621.E+02 1.002.E+00 1.000 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
H2O(l) 2.1369 0.1187 0.0027 1.845.E+02 2.427.E-01 0.001 2.421.E-01 -6.16.E-01
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.099.E-39 5.391.E-42 0.000 5.379.E-42 -4.13.E+01
Total 1424.6301 44.5716 1.0000 1.000
= 376.911 K = 1.0877 atm
C3H4O2(l) 31.7368 0.4408 0.0063 2.152.E+02 2.603.E-01 0.002 2.481.E-01 -6.05.E-01
CH3OH (l) 2.1369 0.0668 0.0010 2.974.E+03 3.598.E+00 0.003 3.429.E+00 5.35.E-01
H2O(l) 1186.1166 65.8954 0.9483 8.673.E+02 1.049.E+00 0.995 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 438.1587 3.0856 0.0444 2.307.E-34 2.790.E-37 0.000 2.659.E-37 -3.66.E+01
Total 1658.1490 69.4886 1.0000 1.000

Fresh metanol = 2836.4838001319 kg/jam - 1422.4931 kg/jam
= 1413.9907 kg/jam
= 2.1242 kg/jam
MIXER (M-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32 88.6401 2836.4838 88.6401 2836.4838
H2O 18 0.5796 10.4324 0.5796 10.4324
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 3.0856 302.3912
Total 92.3053 3149.3074 92.3053 3149.3074
REAKTOR (R-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 44.3201 3191.0443 0.4432 31.9104
CH3OH 32 88.6401 2836.4838 44.7633 1432.4243
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 43.8769 3773.4099
H2O 18 1.4704 26.4678 45.3473 816.2512
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 3.0856 302.3912
Total 137.5162 6356.387 137.5162343 6356.38707
NETRALIZER (N-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.4432 31.9104 0.4432 31.9104
CH3OH 32 44.7633 1432.4243 44.7633 1432.4243
C4H6O2 86 43.8769 3773.4099 43.8769 3773.4099
H2O 18 60.2040 1083.6720 66.3753 1194.7545
H2SO4 98 3.0856 302.3912 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 6.1712 246.8500 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 3.0856 438.1587
Total 158.544 6870.658 158.544 6870.658
DEKANTER (DK-01)
Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.4432 31.9104 0.0024 0.1736 0.4408 31.7368
CH3OH 32 44.7633 1432.4243 0.2436 7.7943 44.5197 1424.6301
C4H6O2 86 43.8769 3773.4099 43.8769 3773.4099 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 18 66.3753 1194.7545 0.3612 6.5010 66.0141 1188.2535
Na2SO4 142 3.0856 438.1587 0.0000 0.0000 3.0856 438.1587
44.4840 3787.8788 114.0602 3082.7791
Total 158.5442 6870.658
158.5442 6870.6579

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.4408 31.7368 0.0000 0.0000 0.4408 31.7368
CH3OH 32 44.5197 1424.6301 44.4529 1422.4931 0.0668 2.1369
H2O 18 66.0141 1188.2535 0.1187 2.1369 65.8954 1186.1166
Na2SO4 142 3.0856 438.1587 0.0000 0.0000 3.0856 438.1587
44.5716 1424.6301 69.4886 1658.1490
Total 114.0602 3082.7791
114.0602 3082.7791
Neraca Massa Kapasitas Metil Akrilat (C4H6O2) 30000 kg/jam
Spesifikasi :
C3H4O2 99.5% 73 CH3OH 99.9% 32 C4H6O2 99.5% 86
H2O 0.5% 18 H2O 0.15% 18 H2O 0.50% 18

H2SO4 98% 98 NaOH 48% 40
H2O 2% 18 H2O 52% 18
Data BM :
No Unsur BM
1 C 12
2 H 1
3 O 16
4 S 32
5 Na 23

Asam Akrilat
Mol asam Akrilat = 43.9575309 kmol/jam
Massa asam akrilat = 43.9575309 kmol/jam X 72 kg/kmol
= 3164.942225 kg/jam
0.50%
= 3164.942225 X
99.5%
= 15.90423229 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.88356846 kmol/jam
Umpan total asam akrilat = 3164.942225 kg/jam + 15.90423229 kg/jam
= 3180.846457 kg/jam
Metanol
Mol metanol = 43.9575309 kmol/jam X 2
= 87.91506181 kmol/jam
Massa metanol = 87.91506181 kmol/jam X 32 kg/kmol
= 2813.281978 kg/jam
0.15%
= 2813.281978 X
99.9%
= 4.22626236 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.132070699 kmol/jam
Umpan total metanol = 2813.281978 kg/jam + 4.22626236 kg/jam
= 2817.50824 kg/jam
Asam Sulfat
= 3180.846457 kg/jam + 2817.50824 kg/jam
= 5998.354698 kg/jam
5.00%
= 5998.354698 X
100%
= 299.9177349 kg/jam
=
98
= 3.06038505 kmol/jam
2.00%
= 299.9177349 X
98.0%
= 6.1207701 kg/jam
=
18
= 0.340042783 kmol/jam
MIXER (M-01)
T = 48 ℃ , P = 1 atm
Input M-01 :
H2O = 10.3470 kg/jam = 0.574835137 kmol/jam
Output M-01 :
CH3OH = CH3OH input
= 2813.2820 kg/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 299.9177 kg/jam
H2O = H2O input
= 10.3470 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32 87.9151 2813.2820 87.9151 2813.2820
H2O 18 0.5748 10.3470 0.5748 10.3470
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 299.9177
Total 91.5503 3123.5467 91.5503 3123.5467
REAKTOR (R-01)
Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm
Input R-01 :
Umpan dari M-01
H2O = 10.3470 kg/jam = 0.574835137 kmol/jam
H2O = 15.9042 kg/jam = 0.88356846 kmol/jam
Bereaksi R-01 :
FAo = 43.9575309 kmol/jam

FBo = 87.91506181 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -36.1639 kmol/jam
CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -36.1638607 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 36.16386068 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 36.16386068 kmol/jam
Output R-01 :
= 43.95753 kmol/jam + -36.1639 kmol/jam
= 7.79367 kmol/jam
= 87.91506 kmol/jam + -36.1639 kmol/jam
= 51.75120 kmol/jam
= 36.1639 kmol/jam
= 1.4584 kmol/jam + 36.1639 kmol/jam
= 37.6223 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 3.0604 kmol/jam

Input Output
C3H4O2 72 43.9575 3164.9422 -36.1639 7.7937 561.1443
CH3OH 32 87.9151 2813.2820 -36.1639 51.7512 1656.0384
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 36.1639 36.1639 3110.0920
H2O 18 1.4584 26.2513 36.1639 37.6223 677.2008
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0000 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3913814 6304.393203 136.3913814 6304.393
REAKTOR (R-02)
Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm
Konversi asam akrilat = 99% , Limiting Reactan
Input R-02 :
Berasal dari output R-01
C3H4O2 = 7.7937 kmol/jam = 561.1443 kg/jam
CH3OH = 51.7512 kmol/jam = 1656.0384 kg/jam
C4H6O2 = 36.1639 kmol/jam = 3110.0920 kg/jam
H2O = 37.6223 kmol/jam = 677.2008 kg/jam
H2SO4 = 3.0604 kmol/jam = 299.9177 kg/jam
Bereaksi R-02:

FBo = 51.7512 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -7.7157 kmol/jam
CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -7.71573353 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 7.715733527 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 7.715733527 kmol/jam
Output R-02 :
= 7.7937 kmol/jam + -7.716 kmol/jam
= 0.0779 kmol/jam
= 51.7512 kmol/jam + -7.716 kmol/jam
= 44.0355 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = C4H6O2 input + C4H6O2 bereaksi
= 36.1639 kmol/jam + 7.716 kmol/jam
= 44 kmol/jam
= 37.6223 kmol/jam + 7.716 kmol/jam
= 45.3380 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 3.0604 kmol/jam

Input Output
C3H4O2 72 7.7937 561.1443 -7.7157 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 51.7512 1656.0384 -7.7157 44.0355 1409.1350
C4H6O2 86 36.1639 3110.0920 7.7157 43.8796 3773.6451
H2O 18 37.6223 677.2008 7.7157 45.3380 816.0840
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0000 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6304.393 136.3914 6304.393
Netralizer (N-01)
Input N-01 :
Input Input
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308
CH3OH 44.0355 1409.1350 H2O 18 14.7352 265.2334
C4H6O2 43.8796 3773.6451 Total 20.8560 510.0642
H2O 45.3380 816.0840
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3913814 6304.393
Bereaksi N-01 :
M 6.1208 3.0604
R 6.1208 3.0604 3.0604 6.1208
S - - 3.0604 6.1208
Output N-01 :
Input Output
C3H4O2 72 0.0779 5.6114 0.0000 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 44.0355 1409.1350 0.0000 44.0355 1409.1350
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3773.6451 0.0000 43.8796 3773.6451
H2O 18 60.0732 1081.3173 6.1208 66.1940 1191.4912
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308 6.1208 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 3.0604 434.5747
Total 157.2473 6814.457 157.2473 6814.457
DEKANTER (DK-01)
fasa ringan dan fasa berat
T = 50 ℃ = 323 K
Data fisis
Komponen A B n Tc
C3H4O2 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00
CH3OH 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58
C4H6O2 0.3215 0.2553 0.2857 536.00
H2O 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13
Na2SO4 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3700.00

Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -1.59.E+01 2.44.E+03 3.44.E-02 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.06.E+00 1.25.E+03 2.24.E-02 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -1.22.E+01 1.69.E+03 2.86.E-02 -2.63.E-05
H2O -1.02.E+01 1.79.E+03 1.77.E-02 -1.26.E-05
Na2SO4 1.13.E+01 -4.58.E+03 -6.78.E-03 9.24.E-07
Input DK-01 :
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 0.0008 1017.3034 0.8377
CH3OH 44.0355 1409.1350 0.2068 763.9151 157.9670
C4H6O2 43.8796 3773.6451 0.5538 917.6794 508.1838
H2O 66.1940 1191.4912 0.1748 1004.4285 175.6219
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0638 2463.5513 157.1067
Total 157.247 6814.457 1.000 6166.878 999.7171
ρ umpan = 999.71707 kg/m3 999.717071181684000
= 62.41060 lb/cuft

=
ρ campuran
6814.4574 kg/jam
=
999.71707 kg/m3
= 6.8163859296111 m3/jam
= 0.001893440536 m3/detik
= 0.0668662844968 cuft/detik
Komponen kelarutan
C3H4O2(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
CH3OH (l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
C4H6O2(l) 1,8 g / 100 ml H2O
H2O(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
Na2SO4(l) 46,7 g / 100 ml H2O
100
100
100
100
= 1191.491193 kg/jam
46.7
100
Fase berat yang terikut 1
= × 1409.1350 kg/jam
99
= 14.2336865 kg/jam
C3H4O2 = 5.6114 kg/jam = 0.002153082
CH3OH = 1409.1350 kg/jam = 0.540677858
H2O = 1191.4912 kg/jam = 0.45716906

C3H4O2 = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.002153082
0.0306 kg/jam
=
72 kg/kmol
= 0.0004 kmol/jam
CH3OH = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.540677858
7.6958 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.2405 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = 3773.6451 kg/jam
3773.6451 kg/jam
=
86 kg/kmol
= 43.8796 kmol/jam
H2O = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.45716906
6.5072 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.3615 kmol/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.0004 0.0306 0.000008 1017.3034 0.00823
CH3OH 32 0.2405 7.6958 0.002032 763.9151 1.55205
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3773.6451 0.996242 917.6794 914.23109
H2O 18 0.3615 6.5072 0.001718 1004.4285 1.72551
Total 44.4820 3787.8788 1.0000 3703.3265 917.5169

= 57.27870733 lb/cuft 917.51687520849300

C3H4O2, CH3OH, dan Na2SO4 yang larut dalam air menjadi hasil bawah dekanter (fase berat)
C3H4O2 = ( 0.0779 − 0.0004 ) kmol/jam

= 5.5808 kg/jam
CH3OH = ( 44.0355 − 0.2405 ) kmol/jam

= 1401.4391 kg/jam
H2O = ( 66.1940 − 0.3615 ) kmol/jam

= 1184.9840 kg/jam
Na2SO4 = ( 3.0604 − 0.0000 ) kmol/jam

= 434.5747 kg/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.0775 5.5808 0.001844 1017.3034 1.87584
CH3OH 32 43.7950 1401.4391 0.463044 763.9151 353.72634
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 917.6794 0.00000
H2O 18 65.8324 1184.9840 0.391526 1004.4285 393.25981
Na2SO4 142 3.0604 434.5747 0.143586 2463.5513 353.73177
Total 112.7653 3026.5786 1.0000 6166.8778 1102.5938
Diperoleh harga densitas (ρ) campuran hasil bawah dekanter
1102.59375832416000
=
ρ campuran
3787.8788 kg/jam
=
917.5169 kg/m3
= 4.1284023108764 m3/jam
= 0.0011467784197 m3/detik
= 0.0404981358578 cuft/detik

=
ρ campuran
3026.5786 kg/jam
=
1102.5938 kg/m3
= 2.7449625638333 m3/jam
= 0.0007624896011 m3/detik
= 0.0269270915147 cuft/detik
C3H4O2 0.0004 0.0306 0.000008 0.7134304 5.77209477E-09
CH3OH 0.2405 7.6958 0.002032 0.3988275 8.102985133E-07
C4H6O2 43.8796 3773.6451 0.996242 0.3308423 0.0003295991087
H2O 0.3615 6.5072 0.001718 0.5530266 9.500449602E-07
Total 44.4820 3787.8788 1.0000 1.9961268 0.0003314

= 0.33136522 cP

C3H4O2 0.0775 5.5808 0.001844 0.7134304 1.31552E-06
CH3OH 43.7950 1401.4391 0.463044 0.3988275 1.84675E-04
H2O 65.8324 1184.9840 0.391526 0.5530266 2.16524E-04
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.143586 0.0000 1.52264E-09
Total 112.7653 3026.5786 1.0000 1.665295 0.0004025

= 0.40251599 cP

= ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
Maka ,
QL ρL × μH
θ = ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
4.1284 m3/jam 917.5169 kg/m3 × 0.402516 cP
= ( )0.3
2.7450 m3/jam 1102.5938 kg/m3 × 0.331365 cP
= 1.508857
Keterangan :

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 0.0004 0.0306 0.0775 5.5808
CH3OH 44.0355 1409.1350 0.2405 7.6958 43.7950 1401.4391
C4H6O2 43.8796 3773.6451 43.8796 3773.6451 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 66.1940 1191.4912 0.3615 6.5072 65.8324 1184.9840
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 434.5747
44.4820 3787.8788 112.7653 3026.5786
Total 157.2473 6814.457
157.2473 6814.4574
3787.8788
90909.0909091
30000000
30000

Fungsi : Memisahkan metanol dari air, asam akrilat, dan natrium sulfat.

C3H4O2 0.0775 5.5808 0.0007 0.0018439290801
CH3OH 43.7950 1401.4391 0.3884 0.4630440223964
H2O 65.8324 1184.9840 0.5838 0.3915259283577
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0271 0.1435861201658
Total 112.7653 3026.5786 1.0000 1.0000
Asumsi umpan :
Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2(l) 23.0607 -3134.7 -4.8813 0.0004359 -4.9161E-13
CH3OH (l) 45.6171 -3244.7 -13.988 0.0066365 -1.0507E-13
H2O(l) 29.8605 -3152.2 -7.3037 2.4247E-09 0.000001809
Na2SO4(l) -2.2687 -15051 3.5005 -0.0012712 1.7716E-07


K = P° / Pt

= 354.10 K = 1.00 atm
C3H4O2(l) 0.0775 0.0007 8.306.E+01 1.093.E-01 0.0001 2.250.E-01 -6.48.E-01
CH3OH (l) 43.7950 0.3884 1.402.E+03 1.844.E+00 0.7162 3.797.E+00 5.79.E-01
H2O(l) 65.8324 0.5838 3.692.E+02 4.857.E-01 0.2835 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 3.0604 0.0271 5.267.E-37 6.929.E-40 0.0000 1.427.E-39 -3.88.E+01
Total 112.7653 1.000 1.000

= 337.763 K = 1.000 atm
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.839.E+01 5.050.E-02 0.000 2.081.E-01 -6.82.E-01
CH3OH (l) 1399.3370 43.7293 0.9973 7.621.E+02 1.002.E+00 1.000 4.130.E+00 6.16.E-01
H2O(l) 2.1022 0.1168 0.0027 1.845.E+02 2.427.E-01 0.001 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.099.E-39 5.391.E-42 0.000 2.221.E-41 -4.07.E+01
Total 1401.4391 43.8461 1.0000 1.000

= 376.911 K = 1.0917 atm
C3H4O2(l) 5.5808 0.0775 0.0011 2.152.E+02 2.593.E-01 0.000 2.481.E-01 -6.05.E-01
CH3OH (l) 2.1022 0.0657 0.0010 2.974.E+03 3.585.E+00 0.003 3.429.E+00 5.35.E-01
H2O(l) 1182.8818 65.7157 0.9535 8.673.E+02 1.045.E+00 0.997 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 434.5747 3.0604 0.0444 2.307.E-34 2.780.E-37 0.000 2.659.E-37 -3.66.E+01
Total 1625.1395 68.9192 1.0000 1.000

Fresh metanol = 2813.2820 kg/jam - 1399.3370 kg/jam
= 1413.9450 kg/jam
= 2.1241 kg/jam
MIXER (M-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32 87.9151 2813.2820 87.9151 2813.2820
H2O 18 0.5748 10.3470 0.5748 10.3470
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 299.9177
Total 91.5503 3123.5467 91.5503 3123.5467
REAKTOR (R-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 43.9575 3164.9422 7.7937 561.1443
CH3OH 32 87.9151 2813.2820 51.7512 1656.0384
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 36.1639 3110.0920
H2O 18 1.4584 26.2513 37.6223 677.2008
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6304.3932 136.3914 6304.3932
REAKTOR (R-02)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 7.7937 561.1443 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 51.7512 1656.0384 44.0355 1409.1350
C4H6O2 86 36.1639 3110.0920 43.8796 3773.6451
H2O 18 37.6223 677.2008 45.3380 816.0840
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6304.3932 136.3914 6304.3932
NETRALIZER (N-01)
Input Output
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.0779 5.6114 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 44.0355 1409.1350 44.0355 1409.1350
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3773.6451 43.8796 3773.6451
H2O 18 60.0732 1081.3173 66.1940 1191.4912
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 434.5747
Total 157.2473 6814.4574 157.2473 6814.4574
DEKANTER (DK-01)
Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.0779 5.6114 0.0004 0.0306 0.0775 5.5808
CH3OH 32 44.0355 1409.1350 0.2405 7.6958 43.7950 1401.4391
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3773.6451 43.8796 3773.6451 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 18 66.1940 1191.4912 0.3615 6.5072 65.8324 1184.9840
Na2SO4 142 3.0604 434.5747 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 434.5747
44.4820 3787.8788 112.7653 3026.5786
Total 157.2473 6814.457
157.2473 6814.4574

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen BM
C3H4O2 72 0.0775 5.5808 0.0000 0.0000 0.0775 5.5808
CH3OH 32 43.7950 1401.4391 43.7293 1399.3370 0.0657 2.1022
H2O 18 65.8324 1184.9840 0.1168 2.1022 65.7157 1182.8818
Na2SO4 142 3.0604 434.5747 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 434.5747
43.8461 1401.4391 68.9192 1625.1395
Total 112.7653 3026.5786
112.7653 3026.5786
Lampiran Alat Besar Reaktor 1-2
REAKTOR (R-01) dan (R-02)
Metanol
Asam Akrilat
Asam Sulfat
Air Pendingin Air Pendingin
Produk
Tugas : Mereaksikan asam akrilat dengan metanol menjadi metil akrilat dengan kecepatan
umpan asam akrilat sebesar 3164,9422 kg/jam dan kecepatan umpan metanol
sebesar 2813,2820 kg/jam
Jenis : Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk (RATB)
Kondisi Operasi :
Tekanan : 2 atm
Suhu : 80℃
Rasio mol : Asam Akrilat : Metanol = 1 : 2
1. Reaksi Pada Reaktor

Bahan baku yang digunakan yaitu :
- Asam Akrilat / C3H4O2
- Metanol / CH3OH
- Asam Sulfat / H2SO4 (katalis)
Sehingga reaksi yang terjadi yaitu :
𝐶_3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2+ 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻→┴(𝐻_2 〖𝑆𝑂〗

_4 ) 𝐶_4
A 𝐻_6 𝑂_2+𝐻_2
B 𝑂 C D
Asam Akrilat Metanol Metil Akrilat Air
Persamaan di sederhanakan menjadi : A + B → C + D
Perancangan Pabrik Metil Akrilat dari Asam Akrilat dan Metanol

Kapasitas 30.000 Ton/Tahun
2. Neraca Massa Masuk Reaktor

Input ρi ρ camp FV
Komponen BM Xi
kmol/jam kg/jam (kg/L) (kg/L) (L/jam)
C3H4O2 72 43.96 3,164.94 0.50 0.98 0.49 3,222.8
CH3OH 32 87.92 2,813.28 0.45 0.73 0.33 3,835.5
C4H6O2 86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.0
H2O 18 1.46 26.25 0.00 0.98 0.00 26.9
H2SO4 98 3.06 299.92 0.05 1.76 0.08 170.0
Total 136.39 6,304.39 1.00 0.91 7,255.1
3. Menentukan Konstanta Laju Reaksi (K)

Persamaan kecepatan Reaksi :
−𝑟_𝐴=𝑘×𝐶_𝐴×𝐶_𝐵 (a)
−𝑟_𝐴= 〖−𝑑𝐶〗 _𝐴⁄𝑑𝑡 (b)
Substitusikan persamaan (a) ke persamaan (b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Mencari persamaan integralnya
𝑋^0→1=2𝐴+𝐵
𝑋^1→0=−𝐴−𝐵

diperoleh A dan B yaitu

𝐴=1
𝐵=−1
43.9575 kgmol
CA0 =
7255.1287 L
= 0.006058822 kgmol/L
Mencari nilai harga K (konstanta laju reaksi)
4. Optimasi Jumlah Reaktor

𝑉_𝑅=𝐹_𝐴0
∫_(𝑋_𝑛)^(𝑋_(𝑛+1))▒
〖𝑑𝑋〗 _𝐴/(−𝑟_𝐴 )
Persamaan diatas dapat dikutip dari buku "Introduction to Chemical Engineering
Kinetcs & Reactor Design 2nd edition" (Charles G. Hill : 2014)
k = 647.31619 L/kmol.Jam
FV = 7255.1287 L/jam
43.9575 kmol/jam
CA0 =
7255.1287 L/jam
= 0.00605882 kmol/L
87.9151 kmol/jam
CB0 =

CB0 =
7255.1287 L/jam
= 0.01211764 kmol/L
a) Satu (1) Reaktor
FA0
XA0
FA1
XA1
XA0 = 0
XA1 = 0.99 0.9466
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴)
CB0
M =
CA0
0.012118
=
0.006059
= 2.00
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)

(2−𝑋_𝐴)
Sehingga,
(𝐹_𝑉
V1 = (𝑋_𝐴1−𝑋_𝐴0))/(𝑘𝐶_𝐴0
(1−𝑋_𝐴1)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴1))
(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,99−0))/(647,316190 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
= 0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,99)(2−0,99))
= 31126.7344 L
= 8222.811687 gallons
b) Dua (2) Reaktor
FA0 FA1
XA0 XA1
FA2
XA2

Asumsi kedua volume reaktor sama besarnya

V1 = V2
XA0 = 0
XA2 = 0.99
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴)
CB0
M =
CA0
= 2
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(2−𝑋_𝐴)
FV (XA1 - XA0)
V1 =
k CA0 (1 - XA1) (M - XA1)
FV (XA2 - XA1)
V2 =
k CA0 (1 - XA2) (M - XA2)
Sehingga V1 = V2 menjadi
((𝑋_𝐴1−0))/((1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))=((0,99−𝑋_𝐴1))/((1−0,99)(2−0,99))
Dan didapatkan nilai konversi XA1 = 0.8227
Sehingga,
(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,8193−0))/(647,31619 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
V1 = 0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,8193)(2−0,8193))
= 7290.9833 L
= 1926.07364114 gallons
c) Tiga (3) Reaktor
FA0 FA1 FA2

XA0 XA1 XA2
FA3
XA3
Asumsi ketiga volume reaktor sama besarnya

V1 = V2 = V3

XA0 = 0
XA3 = 0.99
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴)
CB0
M =
CA0
= 2
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(2−𝑋_𝐴)
FV (XA1 - XA0)
V1 =
k CA0 (1 - XA1) (M - XA1)
FV (XA2 - XA1)
V2 =
k CA0 (1 - XA2) (M - XA2)
FV (XA3 - XA2)
V3 =
k CA0 (1 - XA3) (M - XA3)
Jika V1 = V2
(𝐹_𝑣 (𝑋_𝐴1−𝑋_𝐴0))/(𝑘𝐶_𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴1)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴1))=(𝐹_𝑣 (𝑋_𝐴3−𝑋_𝐴2))/(𝑘𝐶_𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴3)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴3))
((0,99−𝑋_𝐴2)(1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))/(0,0101 𝑋_𝐴1 )=1

.(1)
𝑋_𝐴2=0,99−(0,0101 𝑋_𝐴1 (1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))/(0,0101 𝑋_𝐴1 )
Jika V3 = V2
((0,99−𝑋_𝐴2)(1−𝑋_𝐴2)(2−𝑋_𝐴2))/
(0,0101 (𝑋_𝐴2−𝑋_𝐴1))=1 .(2)
Sederhanakan persamaan 1 − 2 , sehingga menjadi :
( 〖 (𝑋 〗 _(𝐴2−) 𝑋_𝐴1)(1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))/((𝑋_𝐴1)(1−𝑋_𝐴2)(2−𝑋_𝐴2))=1
Dengan menggunakan program "goalseek", maka diperoleh harga XA1 dan XA2 :
XA1 = 0.73623
XA2 = 0.9147
Sehingga,
(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,7362−0))/(647,31619 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,7362)(2−0,7362))

(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,7362−0))/(647,31619 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,7362)(2−0,7362))
V1 =
= 4085.6243 L
= 1079.307533 gallons
d) Empat (4) Reaktor
FA0 FA1 FA2 FA3

XA0 XA1 XA2 XA3
FA4
XA4
Asumsi ketiga volume reaktor sama besarnya

V1 = V2 = V3 = V4
XA0 = 0
XA4 = 0.99
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴)
CB0
M = = 2
CA0
〖−𝑟〗 _𝐴= 〖𝑘 𝐶〗 _𝐴0 (1−𝑋_𝐴)(2−𝑋_𝐴)
FV (XA1 - XA0)
V1 =
k CA0 (1 - XA1) (M - XA1)
FV (XA2 - XA1)
V2 =
k CA0 (1 - XA2) (M - XA2)
FV (XA3 - XA2)
V3 =
k CA0 (1 - XA3) (M - XA3)
FV (XA4 - XA3)
V4 =
k CA0 (1 - XA4) (M - XA4)
Jika V1 = V4
(𝑋_𝐴1−𝑋_𝐴0)/((1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))=((𝑋_𝐴4−𝑋_𝐴3))/((1−𝑋_𝐴4)(2−𝑋_𝐴4))

((0,99−𝑋_𝐴3)(1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))/(𝑋_𝐴1 (1−0,99)(2−0,99))=1
𝑋_𝐴3=0,99−(0,0101 𝑋_𝐴1)/((1−𝑋_𝐴1)(2−𝑋_𝐴1))
.(3)
Jika V3 = V4
(𝑋_𝐴3−𝑋_𝐴2)/((1−𝑋_𝐴3)(2−𝑋_𝐴3))=((𝑋_𝐴4−𝑋_𝐴3))/((1−𝑋_𝐴4)(2−𝑋_𝐴4))
((𝑋_𝐴3−𝑋_𝐴2)(1−0,99)(2−0,99))/( 〖 (0,99−𝑋 〗 _𝐴3)(1−𝑋_𝐴3)(2−𝑋_𝐴3))=1
𝑋_𝐴2=𝑋_𝐴3−( 〖 (0,99−𝑋 〗 _𝐴3)(1−𝑋_𝐴3)(2−𝑋_𝐴3))/0,0101

.(4)
Jika V2 = V3
(𝑋_𝐴2−𝑋_𝐴1)/((1−𝑋_𝐴2)(2−𝑋_𝐴2))=(𝑋_𝐴3−𝑋_𝐴2)/((1−𝑋_𝐴3)(2−𝑋_𝐴3))
((𝑋_𝐴2−𝑋_𝐴1)(1−𝑋_𝐴3)(2−𝑋_𝐴3))/( 〖 (𝑋 〗 _𝐴3−𝑋_𝐴2)(1−𝑋_𝐴2)(2−𝑋_𝐴2))=1
.(5)
Substitusikan persamaan 3 & 4 ke dalam persamaan 5 dan menggunakan "tiral & error"
dengan bantuan program "goalseek" sehingga didapatkan harga X A1, XA2, & XA3 :
XA1 = 0.6825
XA2 = 0.8562
XA3 = 0.9412
Sehingga,
(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,6825−0))/(647,31619 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
V1 = 0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,6825)(2−0,6825))
= 3017.8862 L
= 797.241033483 gallons
Tabel . Kesimpulan Optimasi Reaktor

Jumlah Volume Cairan Total

Konversi
Reaktor (gallons)
1 8222.81168700403 XA1 0.9900
XA1 0.8227
2 1926.07364113833
XA2 0.9900
XA1 0.7362
3 1079.30753300418 XA2 0.9147
XA3 0.9900
XA1 0.6825
XA2 0.8562
4 797.241033483399
XA3 0.9412
XA4 0.9900
5. Neraca Massa Reaktor Hasil Optimasi

a) Neraca massa Reaktor 1 (R - 01)
Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm
Input R-01 :
H2O = 26.2513 kg/jam = 1.458403597 kmol/jam
Bereaksi R-01 :
FBo = 87.91506181 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -36.1639 kmol/jam

CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -36.1638607 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 36.16386068 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 36.16386068 kmol/jam
Output R-01 :
= 43.95753 kmol/jam + -36.1639 kmol/jam
= 7.79367 kmol/jam
= 87.91506 kmol/jam + -36.1639 kmol/jam
= 51.75120 kmol/jam
= 36.1639 kmol/jam
= 1.458403597 kmol/jam + 36.1639 kmol/jam
= 37.6223 kmol/jam
H2SO4 = H2SO4 input
= 3.0604 kmol/jam
Input Output
C3H4O2 72 43.9575 3164.9422 -36.1639 7.7937 561.1443
CH3OH 32 87.9151 2813.2820 -36.1639 51.7512 1656.0384
C4H6O2 86 0.0000 0.0000 36.1639 36.1639 3110.0920
H2O 18 1.4584 26.2513 36.1639 37.6223 677.2008
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0000 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6304.3932 136.3914 6304.3932
b) Neraca massa Reaktor 2 (R - 02)

Reaksi :
T = 80 ℃ , P = 2 atm


Input R-02 :
H2O = 677.2008 kg/jam = 37.6223 kmol/jam
Bereaksi R-02 :

FBo = 51.7512 kmol/jam
C3H4O2 = -FAo.XA
= -7.7157 kmol/jam
CH3OH = -FAo.XA
= -7.7157 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = FAo.XA
= 7.7157 kmol/jam
H2O = FAo.XA
= 7.715733527 kmol/jam
Output R-02 :
= 7.79367 kmol/jam + -7.7157 kmol/jam
= 0.07794 kmol/jam
= 51.75120 kmol/jam + -7.7157 kmol/jam
= 44.03547 kmol/jam
= 7.7157 kmol/jam
= 37.6223 kmol/jam + 7.7157 kmol/jam
= 45.3380 kmol/jam

H2SO4 = H2SO4 input

= 3.0604 kmol/jam
Input Output
C3H4O2 72 7.7937 561.1443 -7.7157 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 51.7512 1656.0384 -7.7157 44.0355 1409.1350
C4H6O2 86 36.1639 3110.0920 7.7157 43.8796 3773.6451
H2O 18 37.6223 677.2008 7.7157 45.3380 816.0840
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0000 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6304.3932 136.3914 6304.3932
6. Menentukan Harga Reaktor
Untuk menentukan harga reaktor, dapat digunakan persamaan :
𝐸_𝑋=𝐸_𝑌 𝑁_𝑋/𝑁_𝑌
(Aries, newton 1955 hal 16)
Dimana,
EX = Harga alat pada tahun X
EY = Harga alat pada tahun Y
NX = Index harga pada tahun X
NY = Index harga pada tahun Y
Data,
NX Index harga 2014 = 576.1
(Plant Cost Index Archive)
NY Index harga 2019 = 607.5
E 2014 = $ 127200
Maka,
607.5
E 2019 = $ 127200 ×
576.1
= $ 134132,963
Volume perancangan reaktor dirancang berdasarkan angka keamanan 20%
(Max, S. Peters & K. D. Timmerhause, edisi 4 hal 38 tabel 6)
Menentukan volume standar reaktor dengan menggunakan Tabel 7.3. hal 383 Silla 2003

Tabel. Menentukan Volume Standar

Jumlah Volume cairan / Unit Volume reaktor / Unit
Reaktor Liter Gallons Over Design Standart
1 31126.7344 8222.811687 9867.3740244 10000
2 7290.9833 1926.07364114 2311.28836937 2500
3 4085.6243 1079.307533 1295.16903961 1500
4 3017.8862 797.241033483 956.68924018 1000
Untuk mencari harga rancangan pada kapasitas tertentu digunakan rumus :
○ Harga / unit untuk volume reaktor standar 10000 gallons

$ 134132,963× 〖 (10000/10000) 〗 ^0,6=$ 134132,963

$ 134132,963× 〖 (2500/10000) 〗 ^0,6=$ 58384,76325

$ 134132,963× 〖 (1500/10000) 〗 ^0,6=$ 42972,46571


$ 134132,963× 〖 (1000/10000) 〗 ^0,6=$ 33692,67698
Tabel X. Menentukan Harga Reaktor

Jumlah Volume cairan / Unit Harga ($)
Reaktor Over Design Standart (Gal) Per Unit Total
1 9867.3740 10000 134132.9630 134132.9630
2 2311.2884 2500 58384.7632 116769.5265
3 1295.1690 1500 42972.4657 128917.3971
4 956.6892 1000 33692.6770 134770.7079
Jumlah Reaktor VS Harga Reaktor

140000
135000
Harga Reaktor ($)
130000
125000
120000
115000
110000
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Jumlah Reaktor
Gambar. Grafik Hubungan Jumlah Reaktor dengan Harga Reaktor
Berdasarkan tabel dan gambar diatas, harga reaktor hasil optimasi didapat jumlah reaktor
optimal yaitu 2 reaktor.
7. Menentukan Waktu Reaksi (Residance Time)

V1
θ =
q0
Jumlah V1 q0 Waktu
Reaktor (L) (L/jam) Jam Menit
1 31126.734 7255.1287 4.2903 257.4185
2 7290.9833 7255.1287 1.0049 60.2965

3 4085.6243 7255.1287 1.6894 101.3645

4 3017.8862 7255.1287 1.6639 99.8318
Jumlah Reaktor VS Waktu Tinggal

300
250
Waktu Tinggal (menit)

200
150
100
50
0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Jumlah Reaktor
8. Neraca Panas Reaktor

Kapasitas panas dalam fungsi suhu
𝐶𝑝=(𝐴×𝑇)+(𝐵/2 〖 ×𝑇 〗 ^2)+(𝐶/3×𝑇^3)+(𝐷/4×𝑇^4)
Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) dan Panas Pembentukan 298K :

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + D/T3 (J/mol.K) ∆Hf 298 K
Komponen
A B C D (kJ/mol.K)
C3H4O2 -18.242 1.2106.E+00 -3.1160.E-03 3.1409.E-06 -336.23
CH3OH 40.152 3.1046.E-01 -1.0291.E-03 1.4598.E-06 -201.17
C4H6O2 54.109 8.0399.E-01 -2.5149.E-03 3.3155.E-06 -333
H2O 92.053 -3.9953.E-02 -2.1103.E-04 5.3469.E-07 -241.8
H2SO4 26.004 7.0337.E-01 -1.3856.E-03 1.0342.E-06 -735.13
(Yaws, 1999)
Tin ¨ H⁰T Tout

Reaktan Produk
T = 353 K T = 353 K
¨ H⁰R ¨ H⁰P
¨ H⁰298
Gambar. Skema Entalphy Pada Reaktor
Neraca Panas Reaktor − 01

a. Panas Masuk (∆Hr)

T Masuk = 80℃ = 353 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
Menghitung Enthalpy Masuk (∆H reaktan)
∆𝐻 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛=∫_353^298▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛〗
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (298−353)+1,2106/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -8468.6031 kJ/kmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (298−353)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -4543.9401 kJ/kmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (298−353)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -9013.2155 kJ/kmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =
( 92,053 (298−353)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))

= -4136.4284 kJ/kmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗
H2SO4 =
( 26,004 (298−353)+0,70337/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(1,3856.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(1,0342.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -7904.4798 kJ/kmol
Maka panas yang masuk reaktor digunkan rumus sebagai berikut :

∆𝐻 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘=𝑛∫_353^298▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑑𝑇〗
sehingga diperoleh data sebagai berikut :

Input Cp dT ∆Hr Input
Komponen
kmol/jam kg/jam kJ/kmol kJ/jam
C3H4O2 43.9575 3164.9422 -8468.6031 -372258.8816
CH3OH 87.9151 2813.2820 -4543.9401 -399480.7720
C4H6O2 0.0000 0.0000 -9013.2155 0.0000
H2O 1.4584 26.2513 -4136.4284 -6032.5821
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 -7904.4798 -24190.7519
Total -801962.9877
b. Panas Keluar (∆Hp)

T Keluar = 80℃ = 353 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
Menghitung Enthalpy Keluar (∆H produk)
∆𝐻 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘=∫_298^353▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘〗
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (353−298)+1,2106/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))

= 8468.6031 kJ/kmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (353−298)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 4543.9401 kJ/kmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (353−298)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 9013.2155 kJ/kmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =
( 92,053 (353−298)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 4136.4284 kJ/kmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗
H2SO4 =
( 26,004 (353−298)+0,70337/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(1,3856.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(1,0342.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 7904.4798 kJ/kmol
Maka panas yang keluar reaktor digunakan rumus sebagai berikut :

∆𝐻 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘 𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟=𝑛∫_298^353▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑑𝑇〗


Output Cp dT ∆Hp Output
Komponen
C3H4O2 7.7937 561.1443 8468.6031 66001.49971
CH3OH 51.7512 1656.0384 4543.9401 235154.356464
C4H6O2 36.1639 3110.0920 9013.2155 325952.668362
H2O 37.6223 677.2008 4136.4284 155621.803365
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 7904.4798 24190.7519019
Total 806921.079803
c. Panas Reaksi (∆Hf⁰ 298)

∆Hf⁰ produk
C4H6O2 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2
= 36,1639 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−333 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -12042565.6048 kJ/jam
H2O =𝑛× 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐻_2 𝑂
= 36,1639 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−241,8 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -8744421.51122 kJ/jam
∆Hf⁰ reaktan
C3H4O2 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2
= 36,1639 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−336,23 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -12159374.8748 kJ/jam
CH3OH 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻
= 36,1639 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−201,17 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -7275083.852 kJ/jam
Komponen kmol/jam mol/jam ∆Hf (kJ/mol) ∆Hf⁰ 298 (kJ/jam)

C3H4O2 36.1639 36163.8607 -336.23 -12159374.8748
CH3OH 36.1639 36163.8607 -201.17 -7275083.8520
C4H6O2 36.1639 36163.8607 -333 -12042565.6048
H2O 36.1639 36163.8607 -241.8 -8744421.5112
∆H⁰ 298 ∑= 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘−∑ 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛

= (−20786987,1160 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚) − (−19434458,7267 kJ/jam)
= -1352528.3892 kJ/jam
∆H⁰ total 〖∆𝐻〗

= _𝑓° 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛+ 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 298+ 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘

= ((−801962,9877)+(−1352528,3892)+806921,0798) kJ/jam
= -1347570.2971 kJ/jam
= -1277250.0363 BTU/jam
Neraca Panas Reaktor − 02

T Masuk = 80℃ = 353 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (298−353)+1,2106/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -8468.6031 kJ/kgmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (298−353)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -4543.9401 kJ/kgmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (298−353)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -9013.2155 kJ/kgmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =

( 92,053 (298−353)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -4136.4284 kJ/kgmol
∫_353^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗
H2SO4 =
( 26,004 (298−353)+0,70337/2 (298^2−353^2 )−(1,3856.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−353^3 )+(1,0342.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−353^4 ))
= -7904.4798 kJ/kgmol
Maka panas yang masuk reaktor digunakan rumus sebagai berikut :


Komponen
C3H4O2 7.7937 561.1443 -8468.6031 -66001.4997
CH3OH 51.7512 1656.0384 -4543.9401 -235154.3565
C4H6O2 36.1639 3110.0920 -9013.2155 -325952.6684
H2O 37.6223 677.2008 -4136.4284 -155621.8034
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 -7904.4798 -24190.7519
Total -806921.0798
T Keluar = 80℃ = 353 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (353−298)+1,2106/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

( −18,242 (353−298)+1,2106/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3
=
(353^3−298^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 8468.6031 kJ/kgmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (353−298)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 4543.9401 kJ/kgmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (353−298)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 9013.2155 kJ/kgmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =
( 92,053 (353−298)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 4136.4284 kJ/kgmol
∫_298^353▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗
H2SO4 =
( 26,004 (353−298)+0,70337/2 (353^2−298^2 )−(1,3856.10^(−3))/3

=
(353^3−298^3 )+(1,0342.10^(−6))/4 (353^4−298^4 ))
= 7904.4798 kJ/kgmol

Maka panas yang keluar reaktor digunakan rumus sebagai berikut :


Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 8468.6031 660.0150
CH3OH 44.0355 1409.1350 4543.9401 200094.5257
C4H6O2 43.8796 3773.6451 9013.2155 395496.2371
H2O 45.3380 816.0840 4136.4284 187537.3828
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 7904.4798 24190.7519
Total 807978.9126

∆Hf⁰ produk
C4H6O2 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2
= 7,7157 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−333 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -2569339.26451 kJ/jam
H2O =𝑛× 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐻_2 𝑂
= 7,7157 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−241,8 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -1865664.36684 kJ/jam
∆Hf⁰ reaktan
C3H4O2 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2
= 7,7157 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−336,23 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -2594261.0838 kJ/jam
CH3OH 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻
= 7,7157 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−201,17 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -1552174.11364 kJ/jam

C3H4O2 7.7157 7715.7335 -336.23 -2594261.0838
CH3OH 7.7157 7715.7335 -201.17 -1552174.1136
C4H6O2 7.7157 7715.7335 -333 -2569339.2645
H2O 7.7157 7715.7335 -241.8 -1865664.3668
∆H⁰ 298 =
∑ 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘−∑ 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘

= (−4435003,6314 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚) − (−4146435,1974 kJ/jam)

= -288568.4339 kJ/jam

= ((−806921,0798)+(−288568,4339)+807978,9126) kJ/jam
= -287510.6011 kJ/jam
= -272507.435419 BTU/jam
9. Dimensi Reaktor
A. Diameter
Untuk menentukan bentuk-bentuk Head ada 4 (empat) macam pilihan, yaitu :
1) Flanged Only Head
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel dengan tekanan uap rendah. Biasanya
digunakan untuk bahan bakar minyak.
2) Flanged Standart Dished and Flanged Slallow Dished Head
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan rendah.
Biasanya digunakan pada cairan yang volatile seperti nafta, gasoline, dan kerosene.
3) Flanged and Dished Head (Torispherical)
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan sebesar
15 - 200 lb/in2 atau setara dengan 1,02 - 13,6 atm.
4) Elliptical Dished Heads Meeting ASME and API ASME
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan antara

100 - lebih dari 200 psi.
Untuk tekanan 2 atm atau 29,3919 lb/in2 , maka dipilih Flanged and Dished Head
(Torispherical). Reaktor yang digunakan berbentuk silinder tegak.
Volume cairan dalam reaktor :

(𝐹_𝑉
VCairan = (𝑋_𝐴1−𝑋_𝐴0))/(𝑘𝐶_𝐴0
(1−𝑋_𝐴1)(𝑀−𝑋_𝐴1))
(7255,1287 𝐿⁄𝐽𝑎𝑚(0,8227−0))/(647,316190 𝐿⁄(𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙.𝐽𝑎𝑚)
= 0,00605882 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙⁄𝐿(1−0,8227)(2−0,8227))
= 7290.9833 L
= 1926.07364 gallons
= 7.29098 m3
Over Design = 20% (Faktor Keselamatan)

VReaktor = 1,2 × VCairan
= 1,2 × 1926,0736 gallons
= 2311.2884 gallons
Dari Silla, "Standart Stirred Tank Reactors" tabel 7.3, halaman 383, diperoleh diameter dan
tinggi reaktor berdasarkan volume. Untuk volume reaktor 2311,2884 gallons dengan
maksimum kapasitas sebesar 2765 gallons, maka dipilih : 2756 gallons = 368.4248 ft3
OD = 84 in = 7.0 ft = 2.1336 m

H = 105 in = 8.7 ft = 2.6670 m
B. Tekanan Perancangan Reaktor

Tekanan Operasi = 2 atm
= 29.3918 psia
Tekanan perancangan dibuat 20% lebih besar dari tekanan operasi untuk faktor keamanan,
maka :
Tekanan perancangan = 1,2 × Tekanan Operasi
= 1,2 × 2 atm
= 2.4 atm = 35.270 psia
C. Tebal dan Volume Shell
Asumsi Tebal Shell = 0.25 in
Diameter Dalam (ID) = 𝑂𝐷−(2×𝑡_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙)
= 84 in − 2 × 0.25 in
= 84 in − 0.50 in
= 83.50 in
= 6.9583 ft
= 2.1209 m
Bahan konstruksi = Stainles Steel SA tipe 167 304 A (Brownell and Young, hal 342)
Pertimbangan pemilihan bahan karena bahan memiliki tegangan maksimal (f) = 18750
psi. Jenis sambungan yang dipakai adalah Double Welded Butt Joint dengan efisiensi
sambungan (E) = 80%, faktor korosi (C) untuk stainless steel = 0,125 in. (Peter, M.S.,
K.D. Timmerhaus., "Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineering", ed 5)
Tebal shell dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.1 (Brownell and Young, Hal 254)
(𝑃×𝑟)/(𝑓×𝐸−0,6×𝑃)+𝐶
tshell =
dimana,
t = tebal dinding reaktor (in)
P = tekanan perancangan (psia)
r = jari-jari reaktor (in)
f = allowable stress
E = efisiensi sambungan
C = faktor korosi
maka,
(35,27 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎×41,75 𝑖𝑛)/(18750×0,8−0,6×35,27 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎)+0,125 𝑖𝑛
tshell =

tshell =
= 0.098307 in + 0.125 in
= 0.223307 in
Dipilih tebal shell standar dari Brownell and Young halaman 88 t = 0,25 in. Maka asumsi
tebal awal benar karena t trial <<< t standar yaitu 0,223307 <<< 0,25 in. Sehingga dapat
disimpulkan :
ID = 83.50 in
OD = 84.00 in
t shell = 0.25 in
Volume Shell :
𝜋/4×𝐷^2×𝐻
VShell =
3,14/4× 〖 (2,1209 𝑚) 〗 ^2×2,6670 𝑚

=
= 9.4174 m3
C. Tebal Head
Pemilihan head berdasarkan tekanan operasi, reaktor beroperasi pada tekanan 2 atm = 29,4
psia. Jenis tutup yang dipilih adalah torispherical dished head karena memiliki range
sebesar 15-200 psig (Brownell and Young, Hal. 88). Bahan konstruksi yang digunakan
adalah SA-167 tipe 304 A (Brownell and Young, Hal. 342). Tegangan maksimal yang
diijinkan untuk bahan ini adalah sebesar ( f) = 18750 psia, jenis sambungan yang dipakai
adalah double welded butt joint dengan efisiensi sambungan (E) = 80% dan faktor
korosi (C) untuk stainless steel adalah 0,125 in (Peter, M.S., K.D., Timmerhaus., "Plant
Design and Economics for Chemical Engineering", ed 5)
Dari tabel 5.7, Hal. 90, Brownell and Young, diperoleh :

OD = 84.00 in
r = 84.00 in
icr = 5.125 in
Tebal head dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.12 (Brownell and Young, Hal 258)
(0,885×𝑃×𝑟)/(𝑓×𝐸−0,1×𝑃)+𝐶
t head =
(0,885×35,27 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎×84 𝑖𝑛)/(18750×0,8−0,1×35,27 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎)+0,125

=
= 0.174840 in + 0.125 in
= 0.299840 in
sehingga dipilih tebal head standar dengan t = 0,3125 in. (Brownell and Young, Hal.90)
D. Tinggi Head
Gambar. Flanged and Dished Head (Torispherical)

Keterangan :
icr = Inside - Corner Radius
sf = Straight Flange
r = Radius of Dish
OD = Outside Diameter
b = Depth of Dish (Inside)
a = Inside Radius
ID = Inside Diameter
Dari Tabel 5.6, Hal 88, Brownell and Young, didapatkan Straight Flange (sf) yaitu

sebesar :
thead = 0.3125 in
1 ( 1 )/2 ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 3 𝑖𝑛
sf =
maka sf dipilih sebesar = 3 in = 0.250 ft = 0.0762 m
( 𝐼𝐷 )/2 83.50
a = = = 41.75 in
2
AB = 𝑎−𝑖𝑐𝑟
= 41.75 in − 5.125 in
= 36.625 in
BC = 𝑟−𝑖𝑐𝑟
= 84.00 in − 5.125 in
= 78.88 in
AC √( 〖= (𝐵𝐶) 〗 ^2− 〖 (𝐴𝐵) 〗 ^2 )
√( 〖= (78,875) 〗 ^2− 〖 (36,625) 〗 ^2 )
= 69.856 in
b = 𝑟−𝐴𝐶
= 84.00 in − 69.856 in
= 14.144 in
OA = 𝑡_ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏 + 𝑠𝑓
= 0,3125 𝑖𝑛 +14,144 𝑖𝑛 +3 𝑖𝑛
= 17.456 in
= 1.4547 ft
= 0.4434 m

Maka, diperoleh tinggi head (HHead) = 0.4434 m
E. Menghitung Tinggi Total Reaktor
𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙=𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙+2×𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑
maka :
Tinggi Total = 2,6670 𝑚+(2×0,4434 𝑚)
= 2.6670 m + 0.88678 m
= 3.5538 m
= 11.659 ft
= 139.91 in
F. Ketinggian Cairan Dalam Reaktor
Volume Cairan Dalam Head :
( 𝜋 )/4×𝐷^2×( 𝐷 )/6
VHead =
( 3,14 )/4× 〖 (2,1209 𝑚) 〗 ^2×( 2,1209 𝑚 )/6

=
= 1.2482 m3
= 44.079 ft3
Luas Selimut Reaktor :
A = 𝜋×𝐼𝐷×𝐻
= 3.14 × 6.9583 ft × 8.750 ft
= 191.18 ft2
= 17.7612 m2
Luas Penampang Reaktor :
𝜋/4× 〖𝐼𝐷〗 ^2=3,14/4× 〖 (6,9583 𝑓𝑡) 〗 ^2
A =
= 38.0084 ft2
= 3.5311 m2
Volume Cairan di Shell dan Bottom :
Volume Reaktor = Volume shell dan bottom + Volume head (atap)
Volume shell dan bottom = 368.4248 ft3 − 44.0792 ft3
= 324.3456 ft3
= 9.1844 m3
Tinggi Cairan Dalam Reaktor :
Volume shell dan bottom = Luas Penampang Reaktor × Tinggi Cairan
Tinggi Cairan = 324.3456 ft3

38.0084 ft2
= 8.5335 ft
= 2.6010 m
G. Perancangan Pengaduk Reaktor
Perancangan Pengaduk Reaktor - 01 :

Jenis pengaduk yang dipilih berdasarkan viskositas fluida yang diaduk
(Holland, F.A dan F.A., Chapman, Luquid Mixing and Processing in Stirred Tanks,
Reinhold New York, 1966)
Berikut data viskositas komponen :

Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -1.59.E+01 2.44.E+03 3.44.E-02 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.06.E+00 1.25.E+03 2.24.E-02 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -1.22.E+01 1.69.E+03 2.86.E-02 -2.63.E-05
H2O -1.02.E+01 1.79.E+03 1.77.E-02 -1.26.E-05
H2SO4 -1.87.E+01 3.50.E+03 3.31.E-02 -1.70.E-05
T = 80 ℃ = 353 K
Komponen kmol/jam kg/jam Xi μ (cp) Xi.μ (cp)
C3H4O2 43.9575 3164.9422 0.502022 0.4801128 0.2410270545255
CH3OH 87.9151 2813.2820 0.446242 0.2916936 0.1301657827164
C4H6O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000000 0.2504473 0.000000000
H2O 1.4584 26.2513 0.004164 0.3522552 0.0014667778518
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 0.047573 5.7068089 0.2714889670336
Total 136.3914 6304.3932 1.0000 7.0813178 0.6441485821273

Gambar. Viscosity Range for Agitators
Untuk viskositas 0,6441 cP, pengaduk yang dapat dipilih adalah jenis Propeller atau Flat
Blade Turbine. Tipe pengaduk yang dipilih yaitu jenis Flat-Blade Turbine Impeller
karena tipe jenis ini secara luas paling banyak digunakan. Pada cairan dengan viskositas
rendah, turbin menghasilkan pengadukan yang dapat memecah larutan yang terjebak pada
titik tertentu, sehingga larutan menjadi semakin homogen (McCabe & Smith, Unit
Operation of Chemical Engineering).
Gambar. Measurements of Turbine

(McCabe & Smith, Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, Hal 242)
Perhitungan Dimensi Pengaduk :

Dimana,
Dt = Diameter dalam reaktor
Da = Diameter Propeller
W = Tinggi Propeller
L = Lebar Propeller
J = Lebar Baffle
E = Jarak Propeller (pengaduk) dengan dasar reaktor
H = Tinggi Shell
maka,
Dt = 83.50 in = 2.1209 m
(2,1209 𝑚)/3
Da = = 0.7070 m = 27.8333 in
(2,1209 𝑚)/3
E = = 0.7070 m = 27.8333 in
(0,7069 𝑚)/5
W = = 0.1414 m = 5.56667 in
(2,1209 𝑚)/12
J = = 0.1767 m = 6.95833 in
(0,7069 𝑚)/4
L = = 0.1767 m = 6.95833 in
Volume Baffle :
Panjang Baffle = Tinggi Shell − Jarak Propeller dengan dasar reaktor
= 105 in − 27.833 in
= 77.167 in
Tebal Baffle Standar = 0.0079 m = 0.3110 in
V Baffle = Lebar baffle × Panjang baffle × tebal baffle × 6

= 6.95833 in × 77.167 in × 0.3110 in × 6
= 1002.02803 in3
= 0.01642023 m3
Jumlah Pengaduk :
Berdasarkan Rase, 1997, Persamaan 8.9 :
𝑊𝐸𝐿𝐻/𝐼𝐷
Jumlah Pengaduk =
dimana,

WELH = Water Equivalent Liquid High (ZL.Sg)

ID = Diameter dalam reaktor (in)
Sg = Specific gravity
ZL = Tinggi cairan pada bagian shell + tinggi head
ZL = Tinggi cairan pada bagian shell + sf + b
= 102.40 in + 3 in + 14.144 in
= 119.55 in
𝜌 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑛 = 0.9083 kg/L

= 908.33929 kg/m3
Sg = 𝜌 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑛
𝜌 𝑎𝑖𝑟 80℃
= 908.339290164 kg/m3
975.640715544 kg/m3
= 0.93101823
WELH = 119.55 in × 0.93102

= 111.30 in
Jumlah Pengaduk =
(111,3 𝑖𝑛)/(83,5 𝑖𝑛)

=
= 1.33293 ≈ 1
Putaran Pengaduk :
Berdasarkan buku Rase, H.F., dan J.r., Holmes, "Chemical Reactor Design for Process
Plants", Wiley and Son, New York, 1977, Vol 1, Halaman 366. Kecepatan putar berkisar
antara 500 ft/menit hingga 700 ft/menit, dengan tipe pengaduk Propeller dan Flat Blade
Turbine dengan 6 blade.
Dipilih : 700 ft/menit
N = 700 ft/menit = 213.36 m/menit

(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(𝜋 𝐷𝑎)
=
(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(3,14×0,7070 𝑚/𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑠𝑖)

=

=
= 96.1135439 rpm
Dari Wallas Halaman 288, untuk kecepatan pengaduk standar yaitu :
Dipilih kecepatan pengaduk standa = 100 rpm

= 1.6667 rps
Menghitung Bilangan Reynold :

( 〖𝐷𝑖〗^2 𝑁𝜌 )/𝜇
NRE =
(Rase, 1997, Halaman 354)
dimana,
ρ = Rapat massa campuran (kg/m3)
N = Kecepatan pengadukan (rps)
Di = Diameter impeller (m)
μ = Viskositas campuran (kg/m.s)
maka,
( 〖 (0,7070 𝑚) 〗 ^2×1,667 𝑟𝑝𝑠 ×908,3392 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3 )/(0,0006441 𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑠)

NRE =
= 1174649.56379

Gambar. Power number against Reynolds number of some turbine impellers
Nilai bilangan Np dicari dari Fig 10.6, Walas, "Chemical Process Equipment Selection and
Design", Halaman 292, diperoleh untuk six blade turbine (curve 1) dengan nilai NRE > 105
Maka, nilai Np = 5
Power Pengaduk :
Dihitung menggunakan persamaan :
P0 = 𝑁_𝑃×𝜌×𝑁^3× 〖𝐷𝑖〗 ^5
dimana,
P0 = Daya penggerak
NP = Bilangan daya
ρ = Densitas fluida
N = kecepatan putaran
Di = Diameter pengaduk
maka,
P0 5×908,3393
= 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3× 〖 (1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠) 〗 ^3× 〖 (0,7069𝑚) 〗 ^5
= 2974.2220 kg.m2/s3
= 2974.2220 N.m/s
= 2974.2220 J/s
= 2974.2220 watt
= 2.9742 kW × 1 Hp
0,7457 kW
= 3.9885 Hp
Efisiensi motor pengaduk, diperoleh dari tabel 3.1 Sinnot & Towler, halaman 111.

diperoleh efisiensi sebesar 80%, maka daya penggerak motor pengaduk yang diperlukan :
( 3,9885 𝐻𝑝 )/(80%)
P =
= 4.9856 Hp
Pemilihan daya motor standar merujuk pada Ludwig, E.E, "Applied Process Design for
Chemical and Petrochemical Plants". Gulf Publishing, Co. Houston, Texas (2001), halaman
628, maka dipilih daya motor standar yaitu sebesar 5 Hp
Beban Hidrolik (σ) :

( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
dimana,
σ = Beban hidrolik (N.m)
N = Kecepatan putar (rps)
P0 = Daya Penggerak (N.m/s)
maka,
( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
( 2974,2220 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠)

=
= 1784.53319 N.m
Momen bending (M) :

( 0,3×𝑃_0×𝐿𝑝 )/(𝑁×𝐿)
M =
dimana,
M = Momen bending
Lp = Panjang poros (m)
L = Panjang impeller (m)
diketahui,
Lp = (𝐻_𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑+𝐻_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙 )−(1/3×𝐻_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙)
= (𝑏+𝑠𝑓+𝐻_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙 )−(1/3×𝐻_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙)
= (14,144 𝑖𝑛+3 𝑖𝑛+105 𝑖𝑛)−(1/3×105 in)
= 87.1439 in
= 2.2135 m
maka,
( 0,3×2974,2220 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠×2,2135 𝑚 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠×0,1767 𝑚)
M =
= 6704.6762 N.m
Diameter Poros (DShaft) :

((16× 〖〖 (𝜎 〗 ^2+𝑀^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(𝜋×𝑓))^(1/3)
DShaft =
diketahui,
f = 18750 psi = 129276750 N/m2
maka,
((16× 〖〖 ((1784,5331 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2+ 〖 (6704,6762 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(3,14×18750 𝑝𝑠𝑖))^(1/3)
DShaft =
= 0.0649 m
Volume Poros (VShaft) :

DShaft = 𝜋× 〖𝐷𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡〗 ^2×𝐿𝑝
=3,14× 〖 (0,0649 𝑚) 〗 ^2×2,2135 𝑚
= 0.02928 m3

Volume Impeller (VImpeller) :

Jumlah impeller = 4
Jumlah sudut (n) = 6
Tinggi blade (W) = 5.56667 in
Panjang blade (L) = 6.95833 in
Tebal impeller (ti) = 0.2 in
Vimpeller = 4×𝐿×𝑊×𝑡𝑖×𝑛
= 4×6,9583 𝑖𝑛×5,5667 𝑖𝑛×0,2 𝑖𝑛×6
= 185.92672 in3 = 0.00305 m3
Volume Pengaduk (VA) :

VA = VShaft + VImpeller
= 0.02928245 m3 + 0.00305 m3
= 0.03233 m3
Perancangan Pengaduk Reaktor - 02 :


Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -1.59.E+01 2.44.E+03 3.44.E-02 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.06.E+00 1.25.E+03 2.24.E-02 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -1.22.E+01 1.69.E+03 2.86.E-02 -2.63.E-05
H2O -1.02.E+01 1.79.E+03 1.77.E-02 -1.26.E-05
H2SO4 -1.87.E+01 3.50.E+03 3.31.E-02 -1.70.E-05
T = 80 ℃ = 353 K
C3H4O2 7.7937 561.1443 0.089008 0.4801128 0.0427340967674
CH3OH 51.7512 1656.0384 0.262680 0.2916936 0.076622087996
C4H6O2 36.1639 3110.0920 0.493321 0.2504473 0.123551013
H2O 37.6223 677.2008 0.107417 0.3522552 0.0378382939253
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 0.047573 5.7068089 0.2714889670336

Total 136.3914 6304.3932 1.0000 7.0813178 0.5522344586882
0.98205715 0.08741138
0.73348524 0.19267195
0.87772494 0.43300049
0.97564072 0.10480067
1.7646882 0.08395119
5.33359624 0.90183568
Untuk viskositas 0,5522 cP, pengaduk yang dapat dipilih adalah jenis Propeller atau Flat


Dimana,
Dt = Diameter dalam reaktor
L = Lebar Propeller
J = Lebar Baffle
E = Jarak Propeller (pengaduk) dengan dasar reaktor
H = Tinggi Shell
maka,
Dt = 83.50 in = 2.1209 m
(2,1209 𝑚)/3
Da = = 0.7070 m = 27.8333 in
(2,1209 𝑚)/3
E = = 0.7070 m = 27.8333 in
(0,7069 𝑚)/5
W = = 0.1414 m = 5.56667 in
(2,1209 𝑚)/12
J = = 0.1767 m = 6.95833 in
(0,7069 𝑚)/4
L = = 0.1767 m = 6.95833 in
Volume Baffle :
Panjang Baffle = Tinggi Shell − Jarak Propeller dengan dasar reaktor
= 105 in − 27.833 in
= 77.167 in

= 6.95833 in × 77.167 in × 0.3110 in × 6

= 1002.02803 in3
= 0.01642023 m3
Jumlah Pengaduk :
Jumlah Pengaduk =
dimana,
ID = Diameter dalam reaktor (in)
= 102.40 in + 3 in + 14.144 in
= 119.55 in

= 901.835678 kg/m3
= 901.835678181 kg/m3
975.640715544 kg/m3
= 0.92435224
WELH = 119.55 in × 0.92435

= 110.50 in
Jumlah Pengaduk =
(111,3 𝑖𝑛)/(83,5 𝑖𝑛)

=
= 1.32339 ≈ 1
Putaran Pengaduk :


(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(𝜋 𝐷𝑎)
=
(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(3,14×0,7070 𝑚/𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑠𝑖)

=
= 96.1135439 rpm

= 1.6667 rps

( 〖𝐷𝑖〗^2 𝑁𝜌 )/𝜇
NRE =
dimana,
maka,
( 〖 (0,7070 𝑚) 〗 ^2×1,667 𝑟𝑝𝑠 ×901,8356 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3 )/(0,0005522 𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑠)

NRE =
= 1360348.51593

Maka, nilai Np = 5
Power Pengaduk :
P0 = 𝑁_𝑃×𝜌×𝑁^3× 〖𝐷𝑖〗 ^5
dimana,
P0 = Daya penggerak
NP = Bilangan daya
maka,
P0 5×901,8356
= 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3× 〖 (1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠) 〗 ^3× 〖 (0,7069𝑚) 〗 ^5
= 2758.6471 kg.m2/s3

= 2758.6471 N.m/s
= 2758.6471 J/s
= 2758.6471 watt
= 2.7586 kW × 1 Hp
0,7457 kW
= 3.6994 Hp
( 3,6994 𝐻𝑝 )/(80%)
P =
= 4.6243 Hp

( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
dimana,

maka,
( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
( 2758,6471 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠)

=
= 1655.18826 N.m
Momen bending (M) :
( 0,3×𝑃_0×𝐿𝑝 )/(𝑁×𝐿)
M =
dimana,
M = Momen bending
diketahui,
= (14,144 𝑖𝑛+3 𝑖𝑛+105 𝑖𝑛)−(1/3×105 in)
= 87.1439 in
= 2.2135 m
maka,
( 0,3×2758,6471 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠×2,2135 𝑚 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠×0,1767 𝑚)
M =
= 6218.7139 N.m

((16× 〖〖 (𝜎 〗 ^2+𝑀^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(𝜋×𝑓))^(1/3)
DShaft =
diketahui,
f = 18750 psi = 129276750 N/m2
maka,
((16× 〖〖 ((1655,1882 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2+ 〖 (6218,7139 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(3,14×18750 𝑝𝑠𝑖))^(1/3)
DShaft =

DShaft =
= 0.0633 m

=3,14× 〖 (0,0633 𝑚) 〗 ^2×2,2135 𝑚
= 0.02785 m3

Jumlah impeller = 4
= 4×6,9583 𝑖𝑛×5,5667 𝑖𝑛×0,2 𝑖𝑛×6
= 185.92672 in3 = 0.00305 m3

= 0.02784983 m3 + 0.00305 m3
= 0.03090 m3

10. Perancangan Pipa Input dan Output Reaktor
Reaktor - 01 :
1. Dimensi Pipa Masuk Metanol dan Asam Sulfat
Komponen Kg/jam Kg/m3 m3/jam
CH3OH 2813.2820 733.485241951 3.8355
H2O 10.3470 975.640715544 0.0106
H2SO4 299.9177 1764.6882004 0.1700
Total 3123.5467 3473.8142 4.0161
○ Luas pipa masuk umpan metanol dan asam sulfat :

Posisi pipa umpan = 0,3 × OD
= 0,3 × 84 in
= 25.200 in = 0.64008 m
Q umpan = 4.0161 m3/jam
Menurut Schweitzer, kecepatan linier umpan diisyaratkan sebesar 0,6096 − 1 m/s.

𝑄_𝑈𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑛/( 𝐾𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑛 )
APipa =
( 4,0161 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00183001 m2
○ Diameter dalam pipa :

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,00183 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.0482827 m
= 1.90089458 in
Berdasarkan ID yang telah dihitung, dipilih ukuran pipa standar dari Tabel 11,
halaman 844, Kern, D.Q. sebagai berikut :
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) = 2 in
Schedule Number (Sch) = 40
Outside Diameter (OD) = 2.38 in

Inside Diameter (ID) = 2.067 in

2. Dimensi Pipa Masuk Asam Akrilat
C3H4O2 3164.9422 982.057150724 3.2228
H2O 15.9042 975.640715544 0.0163
Total 3180.8465 1957.6979 3.2391
○ Luas pipa masuk umpan asam akrilat :

= 0,7 × 84 in
= 58.800 in = 1.49352 m

APipa =
( 3,2391 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00147595 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,0011155 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.04336123 m
= 1.70713581 in

3. Dimensi Pipa Keluar Reaktor - 01

C3H4O2 561.144256513 982.057150724 0.57139674213
CH3OH 1656.03843628 733.485241951 2.25776653921
C4H6O2 3110.09201805 877.724936075 3.54335611332
H2O 677.200756898 975.640715544 0.69410874937
H2SO4 299.917734882 1764.6882004 0.16995508601
Total 6304.39320263 5333.5962447 7.23658323004
○ Luas pipa keluar reaktor - 01 :

Posisi pipa keluar = 0,5 × OD
= 0,5 × 84 in
= 42.000 in = 1.0668 m
Q keluar = 7.2366 m3/jam
Menurut Schweitzer, kecepatan linier keluar diisyaratkan sebesar 0,6096 − 1 m/s.

𝑄_𝐾𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟/( 𝐾𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟 )
APipa =
( 7,2366 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00329751 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,003297 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.06481242 m
= 2.55167137 in


Reaktor - 02 :
1. Dimensi Pipa Masuk Reaktor - 02
C3H4O2 561.144256513 982.057150724 0.57139674213
CH3OH 1656.03843628 733.485241951 2.25776653921
C4H6O2 3110.09201805 877.724936075 3.54335611332
H2O 677.200756898 975.640715544 0.69410874937
H2SO4 299.917734882 1764.6882004 0.16995508601
Total 6304.39320263 5333.5962447 7.23658323004
○ Luas pipa masuk reaktor - 02 :

Posisi pipa masuk = 0,4 × OD
= 0,4 × 84 in
= 33.600 in = 0.85344 m
Q masuk = 7.2366 m3/jam
Menurut Schweitzer, kecepatan linier masuk diisyaratkan sebesar 0,6096 − 1 m/s.

𝑄_𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘/( 𝐾𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘 )
APipa =
( 7,2366 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00329751 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,003297 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.06481242 m
= 2.55167137 in


2. Dimensi Pipa Keluar Reaktor - 02
C3H4O2 5.61144256513 982.057150724 0.00571396742
CH3OH 1409.13496341 733.485241951 1.92114971484
C4H6O2 3773.64510138 877.724936075 4.29934817422
H2O 816.083960385 975.640715544 0.83645951566
H2SO4 299.917734882 1764.6882004 0.16995508601
Total 6304.39320263 5333.5962447 7.23262645815
○ Luas pipa keluar reaktor - 02 :

= 0,5 × 84 in
= 33.600 in = 0.85344 m

APipa =
( 7,2326 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00329571 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,003297 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.0647947 m
= 2.55097368 in


11. Perancangan Pendingin Reaktor
1. Reaktor - 01
Kondisi operasi :
T = 80 ℃ = 176 ℉ = 353 K
P = 2 atm = 29.3918 atm
Media pendingin yang dugunakan adalah air, dengan beda suhu masuk dan kelaur (∆T)
antara 6 - 20℃, sehingga diperoleh :
Tin = 30 ℃ = 86 ℉ = 303 K
Tout = 50 ℃ = 122 ℉ = 323 K
Trata = 40 ℃ = 104 ℉ = 313 K
T1 = ႏ Senyawa Kimia T2 = ႏ
t2 = ႏ t1 = ႏ
Air
Sifat fisis air pada Trata-rata :

Cp = 4.179 kJ/kg.K
ρ = 1.0138 kg/L = 1013.7775 kg/m3
μ = 0.6654 cP = 0.0007 kg/m.s
((𝑇_1−𝑡_2 )−(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))/ln⁡((𝑇_1−𝑡_2)/(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))

∆T LMTD =
((176−122)−(176−86))/ln⁡((176−122)/(176−86))
=
= 70.47415 ℉
Dari tabel 8, Kern, halaman 840, untuk jenis pendingin yang digunakan hot fluid berupa
medium organic dan cold fluid berupa water.

Range UD = 50 - 125 BTU/jam.ft2.℉

Dirancang UD = 125 BTU/jam.ft2.℉
Luas perpindahan panas (A0) :

𝑄/( 𝑈𝐷×∆𝑇 𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 )
A0 =
( 1277250,0363 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 125 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚. 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2.℉×70,4741℉ )

=
= 144.989344 ft2
Luas selimut reaktor (A) :

A = (𝜋×𝐷×𝐻)
= (3,14×83,5 𝑖𝑛×105 𝑖𝑛)
= 27529.95 in2
= 191.180086 ft2
Karena luas transfer panas yang dibutuhkan (A0) lebih kecil atau < dari pada luas selimut
reaktor (A), maka pendingin reaktor yang dipilih yaitu berupa jaket pendingin.
Kebutuhan air pendingin :

𝑄/( 𝐶𝑝×∆𝑇 )
M =
(1347570,0363 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 4,179 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔.𝐾 × (323−303)𝐾 )

=
= 10365.9253623 kg/jam
= 22852.9263722 lb/jam
(𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛)/( 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑃𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛 )

Qf =
( 10365,92536 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚 )/( 1,0138 𝑘𝑔/𝐿 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/(3600 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘)

=
= 2.840292 Liter/detik
= 0.002840 m3/detik
= 0.100304 ft3/detik

Dimensi Jaket Pendingin

Asumsi :
○ Suhu cairan sama dengan suhu dinding reaktor
○ Transfer panas terjadi pada permukaan shell
Volume fluida pendingin :

V = 𝑄𝑓×𝑊𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑠𝑖
0,00284 𝑚^3/𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘×60,2965𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡×( 60 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘 )/(1 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)
=
= 10.2755814 m3
Tebal jaket pendingin (Dji) dipilih = 1.5 in = 0.125 ft

ID jaket = OD reaktor + (2 × tebal jaket)
= 84 in + (2 × 1,5 in)
= 84 in + 3 in
= 87 in
Luas jaket pendingin :

A jaket = 𝜋×𝐼𝐷 𝑗𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑡×𝐻𝑡
= 3,14×87 𝑖𝑛×105 𝑖𝑛
= 28683.9 in2
= 18.5057049 m2
2. Reaktor - 02
Kondisi operasi :
T = 80 ℃ = 176 ℉ = 353 K
P = 2 atm = 29.3918 atm
Tin = 30 ℃ = 86 ℉ = 303 K
Tout = 50 ℃ = 122 ℉ = 323 K
Trata = 40 ℃ = 104 ℉ = 313 K
t2 = ႏ t1 = ႏ
Air

t2 = ႏ t1 = ႏ
Air

Cp = 4.179 kJ/kg.K
ρ = 1.0138 kg/L = 1013.7775 kg/m3
μ = 0.6654 cP = 0.0007 kg/m.s
((𝑇_1−𝑡_2 )−(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))/ln⁡((𝑇_1−𝑡_2)/(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))

∆T LMTD =
((176−122)−(176−86))/ln⁡((176−122)/(176−86))
=
= 70.47415 ℉
Dari tabel 8, Kern, halaman 840, untuk jenis pendingin yang digunakan hot fluid berupa
medium organic dan cold fluid berupa water.


A0 =
( 272507,4354 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 125 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚. 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2.℉×70,4741℉ )

=
= 30.9341735 ft2
Luas selimut reaktor (A) :

A = (𝜋×𝐷×𝐻)
= (3,14×83,5 𝑖𝑛×105 𝑖𝑛)
= 27529.95 in2
= 191.180086 ft2

reaktor (A), maka pendingin reaktor yang dipilih yaitu berupa jaket pendingin.

𝑄/( 𝐶𝑝×∆𝑇 )
M =
(287510,6011 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 4,179 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔.𝐾 × (323−303)𝐾 )

=
= 3439.94497627 kg/jam
= 7583.77149359 lb/jam

Qf =
( 3439,9449 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚 )/( 1,0138 𝑘𝑔/𝐿 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/(3600 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘)

=
= 0.000943 m3/detik
= 0.033286 ft3/detik

Asumsi :
○ Suhu cairan sama dengan suhu dinding reaktor

0,000943 𝑚^3/𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘×60,2965𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡×( 60 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘 )/(1 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)
=
= 3.40996422 m3

ID jaket = OD reaktor + (2 × tebal jaket)
= 84 in + (2 × 1,5 in)
= 84 in + 3 in
= 87 in


= 3,14×87 𝑖𝑛×139,91 𝑖𝑛
= 28683.9 in2
= 18.5057049 m2
KESIMPULAN REAKTOR 01 (R−01)
Fungsi : Mereaksikan asam akrilat sebanyak 3164,9422 kg/jam dengan metanol sebanyak
2813,2820 kg/jam menjadi metil akrilat
Jenis Alat :
- Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk
- Flanged and Dished Head
Kondisi Operasi
- Temperatur : 80 ℃
- Tekanan : 2 atm
- Waktu tinggal : 30.1483 menit
- Konversi : 82.27 %
Dimensi Reaktor
- Diameter dalam (ID) : 2.1209 m
- Diameter luar (OD) : 2.1336 m
- Tinggi head : 0.4434 m
- Tinggi shell : 2.6670 m
- Tinggi total : 3.5538 m
- Tebal head : 0.3125 in
- Tebal Shell : 0.25 in
Pengaduk Reaktor
- Jenis : Flat Blade Turbine
- Jumlah : 1

- Diameter impeller : 0.7070 m

- Tinggi blade : 0.1414 m
- Lebar blade : 0.1767 m
- Lebar baffle : 0.1767 m
- Kecepatan : 100 rpm
- Daya : 5 Hp
Pendingin Reaktor
- Jenis : Jaket Pendingin
- Media pendingin : Air
- Kebutuhan air : 10.276 m3
- Suhu masuk : 30 ℃
- suhu keluar : 50 ℃
- Luas transfer panas : 144.99 ft2
- luas selimut reaktor : 191.18 ft3
- Tebal jaket : 1.5 in
Dimensi Pipa Input dan Output

○ Arus masuk metanol dan asam sulfat
- Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) : 2 in
- Schedule Number (Sch) : 40
- Outside Diameter (OD) : 2.38 in
- Inside Diameter (ID) : 2.067 in
○ Arus masuk asam akrilat
○ Arus keluar reaktor

KESIMPULAN REAKTOR 02 (R−02)
Fungsi : Mereaksikan asam akrilat sebanyak 561,1443 kg/jam dengan metanol sebanyak
1656,0384 kg/jam menjadi metil akrilat
Jenis Alat :
Kondisi Operasi
- Tekanan : 2 atm
- Waktu tinggal : 30.1483 menit
- Konversi : 99 %
Dimensi Reaktor
Pengaduk Reaktor


- Jumlah : 1
- Kecepatan : 100 rpm
- Daya : 5.0 Hp
Pendingin Reaktor
- Suhu masuk : 30 ℃
- suhu keluar : 50 ℃
- luas selimut reaktor : 191.18 ft3

○ Arus masuk
○ Arus keluar reaktor

Lampiran Alat Besar Neutralizer - 01
NEUTRALIZER (N - 01)
C3H4O2 NaOH
CH3OH H2O
C4H6O2
H2O
H2SO4
Air Pendingin Air Pendingin
C3H4O2
CH3OH
C4H6O2
H2O
Na2SO4
Tugas : Menetralkan asam sulfat dengan natrium hidroksida menjadi natrium sulfat dengan
kecepatan umpan asam sulfat sebesar 299,9177 kg/jam dan kecepatan umpan
natrium hidroksida sebesar 244,8308 kg/jam
Jenis : Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk (RATB)
Kondisi Operasi :
Tekanan : 1 atm
Suhu : 50℃
Rasio mol : Asam Sulfat : Natrium Hidroksida = 1 : 2
1. Reaksi Pada Netralizer

Bahan baku utama yang digunakan yaitu :
- Asam Sulfat / H2SO4
- Natrium Hidroksida / NaOH
Sehingga reaksi yang terjadi yaitu :
𝐻_2 〖 𝑆𝑂〗_4+2.𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻→ 〖𝑁𝑎〗 _2

〖𝑆𝑂〗A_4+ 〖 2.𝐻 〗B _2 𝑂 C D
Asam Sulfat Natrium Hidroksida Natrium Sulfat Air
Persamaan di sederhanakan menjadi : A + 2B → C + 2D
Prarancangan Pabrik Metil Akrilat dari Asam Akrilat dan Metanol

2. Neraca Massa Masuk Netralizer

Input ρi ρ camp FV
Komponen BM Xi
kmol/jam kg/jam (kg/L) (kg/L) (L/jam)
C3H4O2 72 0.0779 5.6114 0.0008 1.0173 0.0008 5.5160
CH3OH 32 44.0355 1,409.1350 0.2068 0.7639 0.1580 1,844.6224
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3,773.6451 0.5538 0.9177 0.5082 4,112.1604
H2O 18 60.0732 1,081.3173 0.1587 1.0044 0.1594 1,076.5498
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 0.0440 1.8022 0.0793 166.4134
NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308 0.0359 1.9006 0.0683 128.8178
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.4636 0.0000 0.0000
Total 157.2473 6,814.4574 1.0000 0.9740 7,334.0798
3. Neraca Massa Netralizer

Reaksi :
𝐻_2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4+2.𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻→ 〖𝑁𝑎〗 _2 〖𝑆
𝑂〗 _4+ 〖 2.𝐻 〗 _2 𝑂
Input N-01 :
Berasal dari output reaktor 02
Input
Komponen
kmol/jam kg/jam
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 44.0355 1,409.1350
C4H6O2 43.8796 3,773.6451
H2O 45.3380 816.0840
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177
Total 136.3914 6,304.3932
Fresh feed NaOH

Input
Komponen BM
kmol/jam kg/jam
NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308

H2O 18 14.7352 265.2334

Total 20.8560 510.0642
Bereaksi N-01 :
M 6.1208 3.0604
R 6.1208 3.0604 3.0604 6.1208
S - - 3.0604 6.1208
Output N-01 :

Input Output
C3H4O2 72 0.0779 5.6114 0.0000 0.0779 5.6114
CH3OH 32 44.0355 1,409.1350 0.0000 44.0355 1,409.1350
C4H6O2 86 43.8796 3,773.6451 0.0000 43.8796 3,773.6451
H2O 18 60.0732 1,081.3173 6.1208 66.1940 1,191.4912
H2SO4 98 3.0604 299.9177 3.0604 0.0000 0.0000
NaOH 40 6.1208 244.8308 6.1208 0.0000 0.0000
Na2SO4 142 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 3.0604 434.5747
Total 157.2473 6,814.4574 157.2473 6,814.4574
4. Menentukan Harga Netralizer

Untuk menentukan harga netralizer, dapat digunakan persamaan :
𝐸_𝑋=𝐸_𝑌 𝑁_𝑋/𝑁_𝑌
Dimana,
EX = Harga alat pada tahun X
EY = Harga alat pada tahun Y

NX = Index harga pada tahun X

NY = Index harga pada tahun Y
Data,
NX Index harga 2014 = 576.1
(Plant Cost Index Archive)
NY Index harga 2019 = 607.5
E 2014 = $127,200
Maka,
607.5
E 2019 = $127,200 ×
576.1
= $134,132.96
Volume perancangan netralizer dirancang berdasarkan angka keamanan 20%

(Max, S. Peters & K. D. Timmerhause, edisi 4 hal 38 tabel 6)
Menentukan volume standar netralizer dengan menggunakan Tabel 7.3. hal 383 Silla 2003
Tabel. Menentukan Volume Standar

Jumlah Volume cairan / Unit Volume netralizer / Unit
Netralizer Liter Gallons Over Design Standart
1 7,334.0798 1,937.4585 2,324.9502 2,500
Untuk mencari harga rancangan pada kapasitas tertentu digunakan rumus :

○ Harga / unit untuk volume netralizer standar 2500 gallons

$ 134.132,963× 〖 (2.500/10.000) 〗 ^0,6=$ 58.384,76325
Tabel. Menentukan Harga Netralizer

Jumlah Volume cairan / Unit Harga ($)
Netralizer Over Design Standart (Gal) Per Unit Total
1 2,324.9502 2,500 58,384.7632 58,384.7632
5. Menentukan Waktu Reaksi (Residance Time)

V1
θ =
q0
Jumlah V1 q0 Waktu
Netralizer (L) (L/jam) Jam Menit
1 7,334.0798 7,334.0798 1 60
6. Neraca Panas Netralizer

Kapasitas panas dalam fungsi suhu
𝐶𝑝=(𝐴×𝑇)+(𝐵/2 〖 ×𝑇 〗 ^2)+(𝐶/3×𝑇^3)+(𝐷/4×𝑇^4)
Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) dan Panas Pembentukan 298K :

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + D/T3 (J/mol.K) ∆Hf 298 K
Komponen
A B C D (kJ/mol.K)
C3H4O2 -18.242 1.2106.E+00 -3.1160.E-03 3.1409.E-06 -336.23
CH3OH 40.152 3.1046.E-01 -1.0291.E-03 1.4598.E-06 -201.17
C4H6O2 54.109 8.0399.E-01 -2.5149.E-03 3.3155.E-06 -333.00
H2O 92.053 -3.9953.E-02 -2.1103.E-04 5.3469.E-07 -241.80
H2SO4 26.004 7.0337.E-01 -1.3856.E-03 1.0342.E-06 -735.13

NaOH 87.639 -4.8368.E-04 -4.5423.E-06 1.1863.E-09 -425.60

Na2SO4 233.515 -9.5276.E-03 -3.4665.E-05 1.5771.E-08 -1,387.10
Tin ¨ H⁰T Tout

Reaktan Produk
T = 323 K T = 323 K
¨ H⁰R ¨ H⁰P
¨ H⁰298
Gambar. Skema Entalphy Pada Netralizer

T Masuk = 50℃ = 323 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (298−323)+1,2106/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−323^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -3,781.2274 kJ/kmol
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (298−323)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−323^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -2,026.2734 kJ/kmol
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (298−323)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=

(298^3−323^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -4,014.1597 kJ/kmol
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =
( 92,053 (298−323)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(298^3−323^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -1,883.0809 kJ/kmol
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗
H2SO4 =
( 26,004 (298−323)+0,70337/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(1,3856.10^(−3))/3

=
(298^3−323^3 )+(1,0342.10^(−6))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -3,543.7881 kJ/kmol
∫_323^298▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇〗

NaOH =
( 87,639 (298−323)−(4,8368.10^(−4))/2 (298^2−323^2 )−(4,5423.10^(−6))/3

=
(298^3−323^3 )+(1,1863.10^(−9))/4 (298^4−323^4 ))
= -2,177.1557 kJ/kmol
Maka panas yang masuk netralizer digunakan rumus sebagai berikut :


Komponen

C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 -3,781.2274 -294.6964

CH3OH 44.0355 1,409.1350 -2,026.2734 -89,227.8982
C4H6O2 43.8796 3,773.6451 -4,014.1597 -176,139.6982
H2O 60.0732 1,081.3173 -1,883.0809 -113,122.6702
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 -3,543.7881 -10,845.3561
NaOH 6.1208 244.8308 -2,177.1557 -13,325.8693
Total -402,956.1884

T Keluar = 50℃ = 323 K
T Ref = 25℃ = 298 K
∫_298^323▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C3H4O2 =
( −18,242 (323−298)+1,2106/2 (323^2−298^2 )−(3,116.10^(−3))/3

=
(323^3−298^3 )+(3,1409.10^(−6))/4 (323^4−298^4 ))
= 3,781.2274 kJ/kmol
∫_298^323▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇 〗
CH3OH =
( 40,152 (323−298)+(3,1046.10^(−1))/2 (323^2−298^2 )−(1,0291.10^(−3))/3

=
(323^3−298^3 )+(1,4598.10^(−6))/4 (323^4−298^4 ))
= 2,026.2734 kJ/kmol
∫_298^323▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐶 _4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2 𝑑𝑇 〗

C4H6O2 =
( 54,109 (323−298)+(8,0399.10^(−1))/2 (323^2−298^2 )−(2,5149.10^(−3))/3

=
(323^3−298^3 )+(3,3155.10^(−6))/4 (323^4−298^4 ))

= 4,014.1597 kJ/kmol
∫_298^323▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 𝐻 _2 𝑂 𝑑𝑇 〗
H 2O =
( 92,053 (323−298)+(3,9953.10^(−2))/2 (323^2−298^2 )−(2,1103.10^(−4))/3

=
(323^3−298^3 )+(5,3469.10^(−7))/4 (323^4−298^4 ))
= 1,883.0809 kJ/kmol
∫_298^323▒ 〖 𝐶𝑝 〖𝑁𝑎〗 _2 〖𝑆𝑂〗 _4 𝑑𝑇 〗

Na2SO4 =
( 233,515 (323−298)−(9,5276.10^(−3))/2 (323^2−298^2 )−(3,4665.10^(−5))/3

=
(323^3−298^3 )+(1,5771.10^(−8))/4 (323^4−298^4 ))
= 5,692.1422 kJ/kmol
Maka panas yang keluar netralizer digunakan rumus sebagai berikut :

Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 3,781.2274 294.6964
CH3OH 44.0355 1,409.1350 2,026.2734 89,227.8982
C4H6O2 43.8796 3,773.6451 4,014.1597 176,139.6982
H2O 66.1940 1,191.4912 1,883.0809 124,648.5758
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 5,692.1422 17,420.1470
Total 407,731.0156

∆Hf⁰ produk
Na2SO4 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_4 𝐻_6 𝑂_2
= 3,0604 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−1.387,1 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -4,245,060.1026 kJ/jam
H2O =𝑛× 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐻_2 𝑂
= 6,1208 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−241,8 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)

= -1,480,002.2101 kJ/jam
∆Hf⁰ reaktan
H2SO4 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝐶_3 𝐻_4 𝑂_2
= 3,0604 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−735,13 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -2,249,780.8617 kJ/jam
NaOH 𝑛×
= 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 〖𝐶𝐻〗 _3 𝑂𝐻
= 6,1208 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑗𝑎𝑚×(−425,6 𝑘𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙)
= -2,604,999.7544 kJ/jam

H2SO4 3.0604 3,060.3850 -735.13 -2,249,780.8617
NaOH 6.1208 6,120.7701 -425.60 -2,604,999.7544
Na2SO4 3.0604 3,060.3850 -1,387.10 -4,245,060.1026
H2O 6.1208 6,120.7701 -241.80 -1,480,002.2101
∆H⁰ 298 ∑= 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘−∑ 𝑛 〖∆𝐻〗 _𝑓° 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛

= (−5.725.062,3127 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚) − (−4.854.780,6161 kJ/jam)
= -870,281.6966 kJ/jam
= ((−402.956,1884)+(−870.281,6966)+407.731,0156) kJ/jam
= -865,506.8694 kJ/jam
= -820,342.1244 BTU/jam
6. Dimensi Netralizer
A. Diameter
Untuk menentukan bentuk-bentuk Head ada 4 (empat) macam pilihan, yaitu :
1) Flanged Only Head
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel dengan tekanan uap rendah. Biasanya
digunakan untuk bahan bakar minyak.
2) Flanged Standart Dished and Flanged Slallow Dished Head
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan rendah.
Biasanya digunakan pada cairan yang volatile seperti nafta, gasoline, dan kerosene.
3) Flanged and Dished Head (Torispherical)
Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan sebesar
15 - 200 lb/in2 atau setara dengan 1,02 - 13,6 atm.
4) Elliptical Dished Heads Meeting ASME and API ASME

Head tipe ini digunakan untuk vessel yang umumnya bertekanan antara
100 - lebih dari 200 psi.
Untuk tekanan 1 atm atau 14,6959 lb/in2 , maka dipilih Flanged and Dished Head
(Torispherical). Netralizer yang digunakan berbentuk silinder tegak.
Volume cairan dalam netralizer :

VCairan = 7,334.0798 L/jam × 1 jam
= 7,334.0798 L
= 7.3341 m3
= 1,937.4585 gallons
Over Design = 20% (Faktor Keselamatan)

VNetralizer = 1,2 × VCairan
= 1,2 × 1.937,4585 gallons
= 2,324.9502 gallons
Dari Silla, "Standart Stirred Tank Reactors" tabel 7.3, halaman 383, diperoleh diameter dan
tinggi netralizer berdasarkan volume. Untuk volume reaktor 2.324,9502 gallons dengan
maksimum kapasitas sebesar 2765 gallons, maka dipilih : 2756 gallons = 368.4248 ft3
OD = 84 in = 7.00 ft = 2.1336 m
H = 105 in = 8.75 ft = 2.6670 m
B. Tekanan Perancangan Netralizer

Tekanan Operasi = 1 atm

= 14.6959 psia
Tekanan perancangan dibuat 20% lebih besar dari tekanan operasi untuk faktor keamanan,
maka :
Tekanan perancangan = 1,2 × Tekanan Operasi
= 1,2 × 1 atm
= 1.2 atm = 17.6351 psia
C. Tebal dan Volume Shell
Asumsi Tebal Shell = 0.1875 in
Diameter Dalam (ID) = 𝑂𝐷−(2×𝑡_𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙)
= 84.00 in − 2 × 0.1875 in
= 84.00 in − 0.3750 in
= 83.6250 in
= 6.9687 ft
= 2.1241 m
Bahan konstruksi = Stainles Steel SA tipe 167 304 A (Brownell and Young, Hal. 342)
Pertimbangan pemilihan bahan karena bahan memiliki tegangan maksimal (f) = 18750 psi.
Jenis sambungan yang dipakai adalah Double Welded Butt Joint dengan efisiensi
sambungan (E) = 80%, faktor korosi (C) untuk stainless steel = 0,125 in. (Peter, M.S., K.D
Timmerhaus., "Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineering", ed 5)
Tebal shell dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.1 (Brownell and Young, Hal 254)
(𝑃×𝑟)/(𝑓×𝐸−0,6×𝑃)+𝐶
tshell =
dimana,
t = tebal dinding netralizer (in)
P = tekanan perancangan (psia)
r = jari-jari netralizer (in)
f = allowable stress
E = efisiensi sambungan
C = faktor korosi
maka,
(17,635 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎×41,8125 𝑖𝑛)/(18.750×0,8−0,6×17,635 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎)+0,125 𝑖𝑛
tshell =
= 0.0492 in + 0.125 in

= 0.1742 in
Dipilih tebal shell standar dari Brownell and Young hal. 88 t = 0,1875 in. Maka asumsi
tebal awal benar karena t trial <<< t standar yaitu 0,1741 <<< 0,1875 in. Sehingga dapat
disimpulkan :
ID = 83.63 in
OD = 84.00 in
t shell = 0.1875 in
Volume Shell :
𝜋/4×𝐷^2×𝐻
VShell =
3,14/4× 〖 (2,1241 𝑚) 〗 ^2×2,6670 𝑚

=
= 9.4456 m3
C. Tebal Head
Pemilihan head berdasarkan tekanan operasi, reaktor beroperasi pada tekanan 1 atm = 14,6
psia. Jenis tutup yang dipilih adalah torispherical dished head karena memiliki range
sebesar 15-200 psig (Brownell and Young, Hal. 88). Bahan konstruksi yang digunakan
adalah SA-167 tipe 304 A (Brownell and Young, Hal. 342). Tegangan maksimal yang
diijinkan untuk bahan ini adalah sebesar ( f) = 18.750 psia, jenis sambungan yang dipakai
adalah double welded butt joint dengan efisiensi sambungan (E) = 80% dan faktor
korosi (C) untuk stainless steel adalah 0,125 in (Peter, M.S., K.D., Timmerhaus., "Plant
Design and Economics for Chemical Engineering", ed 5)

OD = 84.00 in
r = 84.00 in
icr = 5.125 in
Tebal head dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.12 (Brownell and Young, Hal 258)
(0,885×𝑃×𝑟)/(𝑓×𝐸−0,1×𝑃)+𝐶
t head =
(0,885×17,635 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎×84 𝑖𝑛)/(18.750×0,8−0,1×17,635 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎)+0,125

=
= 0.0874 in + 0.125 in
= 0.2124 in
sehingga dipilih tebal head standar dengan t = 0,25 in. (Brownell and Young, Hal.90)
D. Tinggi Head

Keterangan :
r = Radius of Dish
a = Inside Radius

sebesar :
thead = 0.25 in
1 ( 1 )/2 ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 2 ( 1 )/2 𝑖𝑛
sf =
( 𝐼𝐷 )/2 83.63
a = = = 41.813 in
2
= 41.8125 in − 5.125 in
= 36.6875 in
= 84.00 in − 5.125 in
= 78.875 in
AC √( 〖= (𝐵𝐶) 〗^2− 〖 (𝐴𝐵) 〗^2 )
√( 〖= (78,875) 〗^2− 〖 (36,688) 〗^2 )
= 69.823 in
b = 𝑟−𝐴𝐶
= 84.00 in − 69.823 in
= 14.177 in
= 0,25 𝑖𝑛 +14,177 𝑖𝑛 +2 𝑖𝑛
= 16.427 in
= 1.3689 ft

= 0.4172 m
E. Menghitung Tinggi Total Netralizer
𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙=𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙+2×𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑖 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑
maka :
Tinggi Total = 2,6670 𝑚+(2×0,4172 𝑚)
= 2.6670 m + 0.83448 m
= 3.5015 m
= 11.488 ft
= 137.85 in
F. Ketinggian Cairan Dalam Netralizer
Volume Cairan Dalam Head :
( 𝜋 )/4×𝐷^2×( 𝐷 )/6
VHead =
( 3,14 )/4× 〖 (2,1241 𝑚) 〗 ^2×( 2,1241 𝑚 )/6

=
= 1.2538 m3
= 44.277 ft3
Luas Selimut Netralizer :
A = 𝜋×𝐼𝐷×𝐻
= 3.14 × 6.9687 ft × 11.488 ft
= 251.374 ft2
= 23.353 m2
Luas Penampang Netralizer :
𝜋/4× 〖𝐼𝐷〗 ^2=3,14/4× 〖 (6,9687 𝑓𝑡) 〗 ^2
A =
= 38.1223 ft2
= 3.54168 m2
Volume Cairan di Shell dan Bottom :
Volume Netralizer = Volume shell dan bottom + Volume head (atap)
Volume shell dan bottom = 368.4248 ft3 − 44.2775 ft3
= 324.1474 ft3
= 9.1788 m3
Tinggi Cairan Dalam Netralizer :

Volume shell dan bottom = Luas Penampang Netralizer × Tinggi Cairan

Tinggi Cairan = 324.1474 ft3
38.1223 ft2
= 8.5028 ft
= 2.5917 m
G. Perancangan Pengaduk Netralizer
Perancangan Pengaduk Netralizer - 01 :


Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -1.59.E+01 2.44.E+03 3.44.E-02 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.06.E+00 1.25.E+03 2.24.E-02 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -1.22.E+01 1.69.E+03 2.86.E-02 -2.63.E-05
H2O -1.02.E+01 1.79.E+03 1.77.E-02 -1.26.E-05
H2SO4 -1.87.E+01 3.50.E+03 3.31.E-02 -1.70.E-05
NaOH -4.19.E+00 2.05.E+03 2.79.E-03 -6.16.E-07
T = 50 ℃ = 323 K
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 0.0008 0.7134 0.0006
CH3OH 44.0355 1,409.1350 0.2068 0.3988 0.0825
C4H6O2 43.8796 3,773.6451 0.5538 0.3308 0.1832
H2O 60.0732 1,081.3173 0.1587 0.5530 0.0878
H2SO4 3.0604 299.9177 0.0440 10.6910 0.4705
NaOH 6.1208 244.8308 0.0359 988.4531 35.5133
Total 157.2473 6,814.4574 1.0000 1,001.1402 36.3378

Untuk viskositas 36, 337 cp, pengaduk yang dapat dipilih adalah jenis Propeller atau Flat


Dimana,
Dt = Diameter dalam netralizer
L = Lebar Propeller
J = Lebar Baffle
E = Jarak Propeller (pengaduk) dengan dasar netralizer
H = Tinggi Shell
maka,
Dt = 83.63 in = 2.1241 m
(2,1241 𝑚)/3
Da = = 0.7080 m = 27.875 in
(2,1241 𝑚)/3
E = = 0.7080 m = 27.875 in
(0,7080 𝑚)/5
W = = 0.1416 m = 5.575 in
(2,1241 𝑚)/12
J = = 0.1770 m = 6.96875 in
(0,7080 𝑚)/4
L = = 0.1770 m = 6.96875 in
Volume Baffle :
Panjang Baffle = Tinggi Shell − Jarak Propeller dengan dasar netralizer
= 105 in − 27.875 in
= 77.125 in

= 6.96875 in × 77.125 in × 0.3110 in × 6
= 1,002.9862 in3
= 0.0164 m3

Jumlah Pengaduk :
( 𝑊𝐸𝐿𝐻 )/𝐼𝐷
Jumlah Pengaduk =
dimana,
ID = Diameter dalam netralizer (in)
= 102.03 in + 2 in + 14.177 in
= 118.21 in

= 973.9764 kg/m3
= 973.9764 kg/m3
1,004.4285 kg/m3
= 0.9697
WELH = 118.21 in × 0.96968

= 114.63 in
Jumlah Pengaduk =
114.63 in
=
83.625 in
= 1.37072 ≈ 1
Putaran Pengaduk :


(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(𝜋 𝐷𝑎)
=
(213,36 𝑚/𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)/(3,14×0,7080 𝑚/𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑠𝑖)

=
= 95.9699 rpm

= 1.6667 rps

( 〖𝐷𝑖〗^2 𝑁𝜌 )/𝜇
NRE =
dimana,
maka,
( 〖 (0,7080 𝑚) 〗 ^2×1,667 𝑟𝑝𝑠 ×973,9764 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3 )/(0,0363378 𝑘𝑔/𝑚𝑠)

NRE =
= 223,941.6750

Maka, nilai Np = 5
Power Pengaduk :
P0 = 𝑁_𝑃×𝜌×𝑁^3× 〖𝐷𝑖〗 ^5
dimana,
P0 = Daya penggerak
NP = Bilangan daya
maka,
P0 5×973,9764
= 𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3× 〖 (1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠) 〗 ^3× 〖 (0,7080𝑚) 〗 ^5
= 3,001.5630 kg.m2/s3

= 3,001.5630 N.m/s
= 3,001.5630 J/s
= 3,001.5630 watt
= 3.0016 kW × 1 Hp
0,7457 kW
= 4.0252 Hp
( 4,0252 𝐻𝑝 )/(80%)
P =
= 5.0315 Hp

( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
dimana,

maka,
( 𝑃_0 )/𝑁
σ =
( 3.001,5630 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠)

=
= 1,800.94 N.m
Momen bending (M) :
( 0,3×𝑃_0×𝐿𝑝 )/(𝑁×𝐿)
M =
dimana,
M = Momen bending
diketahui,
= (14,177 𝑖𝑛+2 𝑖𝑛+105 𝑖𝑛)−(1/3×105 in)
= 86.1767 in
= 2.1889 m
maka,
( 0,3×3001,5630 𝑁.𝑚/𝑠×2,1889 𝑚 )/(1,6667 𝑟𝑝𝑠×0,1770 𝑚)
M =
= 6,681.2100 N.m

((16× 〖〖 (𝜎 〗 ^2+𝑀^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(𝜋×𝑓))^(1/3)
DShaft =
diketahui,
f = 18,750 psi = ### N/m2

maka,
((16× 〖〖 ((1.800,9378 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2+ 〖 (6.681,2100
DShaft = 𝑁.𝑚) 〗 ^2) 〗 ^0,5)/(3,14×18.750 𝑝𝑠𝑖))^(1/3)
= 0.0649 m

=3,14× 〖 (0,0649 𝑚) 〗 ^2×2,1889 𝑚
= 0.0289 m3

Jumlah impeller = 4
= 4×6,9688 𝑖𝑛×5,575 𝑖𝑛×0,2 𝑖𝑛×6
= 186.4838 in3 = 0.00306 m3

= 0.0289 m3 + 0.0031 m3
= 0.0320 m3

10. Perancangan Pipa Input dan Output Netralizer

1. Dimensi Pipa Masuk Reaktan Output Reaktor-02
C3H4O2 5.6114 1,017.3034 0.0055
CH3OH 1,409.1350 763.9151 1.8446
C4H6O2 3,773.6451 917.6794 4.1122
H2O 816.0840 1,004.4285 0.8125
H2SO4 299.9177 1,802.2452 0.1664
Total 6,304.3932 5,505.5717 6.9412
○ Luas pipa masuk reaktan output reaktor-02 :

= 0,3 × 84 in
= 25.200 in = 0.6401 m

APipa =
( 6,9412 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3.600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.0032 m2


(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,003162 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.0635 m
= 2.4991 in
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) = 2.5 in
2. Dimensi Pipa Masuk Natrium Hidroksida

NaOH 244.8308 1,900.5978 0.1288
H2O 265.2334 1,004.4285 0.2641
Total 510.0642 2,905.0264 0.3929
○ Luas pipa masuk umpan natrium hidroksida :

= 0,7 × 84 in
= 58.800 in = 1.49352 m

APipa =
( 0,3929 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3.600 𝑠 )

=
= 0.00018 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,0011155 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.0151 m
= 0.5946 in
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) = 0.75 in
3. Dimensi Pipa Keluar Netralizer - 01

C3H4O2 5.6114 1,017.3034 0.0055
CH3OH 1,409.1350 763.9151 1.8446
C4H6O2 3,773.6451 917.6794 4.1122
H2O 1,191.4912 1,004.4285 1.1862
Na2SO4 434.5747 2,463.5513 0.1764
Total 6,814.4574 6,166.8778 7.3249
○ Luas pipa keluar netralizer - 01 :

= 0,5 × 84 in
= 42.000 in = 1.0668 m

APipa =
( 7,3249 𝑚^3/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 0,6096 𝑚/𝑠 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 3600 𝑠 )

=

= 0.00334 m2

(( 4×𝐴_𝑃𝑖𝑝𝑎 )/𝜋)^0,5
ID =
(( 4×0,0033378 𝑚^2 )/3,14)^0,5

=
= 0.0652 m
= 2.5672 in
11. Perancangan Pendingin Netralizer
Kondisi operasi :
T = 50 ℃ = 122 ℉ = 323 K
P = 1 atm = 14.6959 atm
Tin = 30 ℃ = 86 ℉ = 303 K
Tout = 45 ℃ = 113 ℉ = 318 K
Trata = 37.5 ℃ = 99.5 ℉ = 310.5 K
t2 = ႏ t1 = ႏ
Air

Cp = 4.179 kJ/kg.K
ρ = 1.0161 kg/L = 1016.0968 kg/m3
μ = 0.6991 cP = 0.0007 kg/m.s
((𝑇_1−𝑡_2 )−(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))/ln⁡((𝑇_1−𝑡_2)/(𝑇_2−𝑡_1 ))

∆T LMTD =
((122−113)−(122−86))/ln⁡((122−113)/(122−86))
=
= 19.4764 ℉
Dari tabel 8, Kern, halaman 840, untuk jenis pendingin yang digunakan berupa aqueous
solution dan cold fluid berupa water.


A0 =
( 820.342,1244 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 500 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑗𝑎𝑚. 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2.℉×19,4763℉ )

=
= 88.8776 ft2
Luas selimut netralizer (A) :

A = (𝜋×𝐷×𝐻)
= (3,14×83,625 𝑖𝑛×105 𝑖𝑛)
= ### in2
= 191.4663 ft2
netralizer (A), maka pendingin netralizer yang dipilih yaitu berupa jaket pendingin.


𝑄/( 𝐶𝑝×∆𝑇 )
M =
(865.506,8694 𝑘𝐽/𝑗𝑎𝑚)/( 4,179 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔.𝐾 × (318−303)𝐾 )

=
= 5,245.4962 kg/jam
= 11,564.3258 lb/jam

Qf =
( 5.245,4961 𝑘𝑔/𝑗𝑎𝑚 )/( 1,0161 𝑘𝑔/𝐿 )×(1 𝑗𝑎𝑚)/(3.600 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘)

=
= 0.0014 m3/detik
= 0.0506 ft3/detik

Asumsi :
○ Suhu cairan sama dengan suhu dinding netralizer

0,00143 𝑚^3/𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘×60𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡×( 60 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑘 )/(1 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡)
=
= 5.1624 m3

ID jaket = OD netralizer + (2 × tebal jaket)
= 84 in + (2 × 1,5 in)
= 84 in + 3 in
= 87 in

= 3,14×87 𝑖𝑛×105 𝑖𝑛

= 28683.90 in2
= 18.5057049 m2
KESIMPULAN NETRALIZER 01 (N − 01)
Fungsi : Mereaksikan asam sulfat sebanyak 299,9177 kg/jam dengan natrium hidroksida
sebanyak 244,8308 kg/jam menjadi natrium sulfat
Jenis Alat :
Kondisi Operasi
- Tekanan : 1 atm

- Waktu tinggal : 60 menit

- Konversi : 100 %
Dimensi Netralizer
Pengaduk Netralizer
- Jumlah : 1
- Kecepatan : 100.00 rpm
- Daya : 5.00 Hp
Pendingin Netralizer
- Suhu masuk : 30.00 ℃
- suhu keluar : 45.00 ℃
- luas selimut netralize : 191.47 ft3

○ Arus masuk reaktan output reaktor 2
- Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) : 2.50 in
- Schedule Number (Sch) : 40.00


○ Arus masuk natrium hidroksida
○ Arus keluar netralizer

Lampiran Alat Besar Dekanter - 1
DEKANTER (DC - 01)
Umpan Masuk Umpan Keluar

Fasa Ringan
Umpan Keluar
Fasa Berat
Tugas : Memisahkan campuran berdasarkan densitas dan kelarutan sehingga terpisah

menjadi fasa ringan dan fasa berat
Asumsi : Metil akrilat terpisah sempurna menjadi fasa ringan
Jenis : Centrifuge Decanter
Bentuk : Cylinder Horizontal
Kondisi Operasi :
Tekanan : 1 atm
Suhu : 50℃
Data fisis
Komponen A B n Tc
C3H4O2 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00
CH3OH 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58
C4H6O2 0.3215 0.2553 0.2857 536.00
H2O 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13
Na2SO4 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3700.00

Komponen A B C D
C3H4O2 -1.59.E+01 2.44.E+03 3.44.E-02 -2.77.E-05
CH3OH -9.06.E+00 1.25.E+03 2.24.E-02 -2.35.E-05
C4H6O2 -1.22.E+01 1.69.E+03 2.86.E-02 -2.63.E-05
H2O -1.02.E+01 1.79.E+03 1.77.E-02 -1.26.E-05
Na2SO4 1.13.E+01 -4.58.E+03 -6.78.E-03 9.24.E-07

1. Umpan Masuk Dekanter

C3H4O2 0.08 5.61 0.0008 1,017.30 0.84
CH3OH 44.04 1,409.13 0.2068 763.92 157.97
C4H6O2 43.88 3,773.65 0.5538 917.68 508.18
H2O 66.19 1,191.49 0.1748 1,004.43 175.62
Na2SO4 3.06 434.57 0.0638 2,463.55 157.11
Total 157.25 6,814.46 1.0000 6,166.88 999.72
ρ umpan = 999.72 kg/m3
= 62.41 lb/cuft

=
ρ campuran
6,814.46 kg/jam
=
999.72 kg/m3
= 6.8164 m3/jam
= 0.0019 m3/detik
= 0.0669 cuft/detik
2. Menentukan Fraksi Ringan dan Fraksi Berat
Komponen kelarutan
C3H4O2(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
CH3OH (l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
C4H6O2(l) 1,8 g / 100 ml H2O
H2O(l) 100 g / 100 ml H2O
Na2SO4(l) 46,7 g / 100 ml H2O
100
C3H4O2 larut dalam H2O = × 1,191.49 kg/jam
100
100
CH3OH larut dalam H2O = × 1,191.49 kg/jam
100
= 1,191.49 kg/jam
C4H6O2 tidak larut dalam H2O = 3,773.65 kg/jam ,(Terpisah sempurna)
46.70
Na2SO4 larut dalam H2O = × 1,191.49 kg/jam

Na2SO4 larut dalam H2O = × 1,191.49 kg/jam

100
Fase berat yang terikut 1
= × 1,409.13 kg/jam
99
= 14.23 kg/jam
C3H4O2 = 5.6114 kg/jam = 0.0022
CH3OH = 1,409.13 kg/jam = 0.5407
H2O = 1,191.49 kg/jam = 0.4572

C3H4O2 = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.0022
0.0306 kg/jam
=
72 kg/kmol
= 0.0004 kmol/jam
CH3OH = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.5407
7.6958 kg/jam
=
32 kg/kmol
= 0.2405 kmol/jam
C4H6O2 = 3,773.65 kg/jam
3,773.65 kg/jam
=
86 kg/kmol
= 43.8796 kmol/jam
H2O = 14.2337 kg/jam × 0.4572
6.5072 kg/jam
=
18 kg/kmol
= 0.3615 kmol/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.00 0.03 0.0000 1,017.30 0.01
CH3OH 32 0.24 7.70 0.0020 763.92 1.55
C4H6O2 86 43.88 3,773.65 0.9962 917.68 914.23
H2O 18 0.36 6.51 0.0017 1,004.43 1.73
Total 44.48 3,787.88 1.0000 3,703.33 917.52


= 57.28 lb/cuft
C3H4O2, CH3OH, dan Na2SO4 yang larut dalam air menjadi hasil bawah dekanter (fase berat)
C3H4O2 = ( 0.0779 − 0.0004 ) kmol/jam

= 5.5808 kg/jam
CH3OH = ( 44.0355 − 0.2405 ) kmol/jam

= 1401.4391 kg/jam
H2O = ( 66.1940 − 0.3615 ) kmol/jam

= 1184.9840 kg/jam
Na2SO4 = ( 3.0604 − 0.0000 ) kmol/jam

= 434.5747 kg/jam

C3H4O2 72 0.08 5.58 0.0018 1,017.30 1.88
CH3OH 32 43.79 1,401.44 0.4630 763.92 353.73
C4H6O2 86 0.00 0.00 0.0000 917.68 0.00
H2O 18 65.83 1,184.98 0.3915 1,004.43 393.26
Na2SO4 142 3.06 434.57 0.1436 2,463.55 353.73
Total 112.77 3,026.58 1.0000 6,166.88 1,102.59
Diperoleh harga densitas (ρ) campuran hasil bawah dekanter
ρ campuran = 1,102.59 kg/m3
= 68.83 lb/cuft

=
ρ campuran
3,787.88 kg/jam
=
917.52 kg/m3
= 4.1284 m3/jam

= 0.0011 m3/detik
= 0.0405 cuft/detik

=
ρ campuran
3,026.58 kg/jam
=
1,102.59 kg/m3
= 2.7450 m3/jam
= 0.0008 m3/detik
= 0.0269 cuft/detik
C3H4O2 0.00 0.03 0.0000 0.71 5.77E-09
CH3OH 0.24 7.70 0.0020 0.40 8.10E-07
C4H6O2 43.88 3,773.65 0.9962 0.33 3.30E-04
H2O 0.36 6.51 0.0017 0.55 9.50E-07
Total 44.48 3,787.88 1.0000 2.00 3.31E-04
= 0.3314 cP
C3H4O2 0.08 5.58 0.0018 0.71 1.32E-06
CH3OH 43.79 1,401.44 0.4630 0.40 1.85E-04
H2O 65.83 1,184.98 0.3915 0.55 2.17E-04
Na2SO4 3.06 434.57 0.1436 0.00 1.52E-09
Total 112.77 3,026.58 1.0000 1.67 4.03E-04
= 0.4025 cP
Neraca Massa Total Dekanter 01 :

Input Atas Bawah
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0779 5.6114 0.0004 0.0306 0.0775 5.5808
CH3OH 44.0355 1,409.1350 0.2405 7.6958 43.7950 1,401.4391

C4H6O2 43.8796 3,773.6451 43.8796 3,773.6451 0.0000 0.0000

H2O 66.1940 1,191.4912 0.3615 6.5072 65.8324 1,184.9840
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 434.5747
44.4820 3,787.8788 112.7653 3,026.5786
Total 157.2473 6,814.4574
157.2473 6,814.4574
3. Menentukan Koefisien Distribusi (ϴ) pada Hasil Keluaran Dekanter 1 (DC-01)
= ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
Maka ,
QL ρL × μH
θ = ( )0,3
QH ρH × μL
4.1284 m3/jam 917.52 kg/m3 × 0.4025 cP
= ( )0.3
2.7450 m3/jam 1,102.59 kg/m3 × 0.3314 cP
= 1.5089
Ket : θ < 0,3 = Fasa ringan selalu terdispersi
θ = 0,3 - 1,5 = Fasa ringan mungkin terdispersi
θ = 1,5 - 3,0 = Fasa berat mungkin terdispersi
θ > 3,0 = Fasa berat selalu terdispersi
4. Menentukan Kecepatan Pemisahan

Waktu pemisahan fasa ringan dan fasa berat, dapat ditentukan dengan persamaan berikut :
( 100×𝜇𝐿 )/(𝜌𝐻−𝜌𝐿)
t =
100 × 0.3314
=
1,102.59 − 917.5169
= 0.1790 jam
= 10.7425 menit
5. Terminal Velocity Butiran Terdispersi

Ditentukan menggunakan persamaan 10.7, Coulson ed. 6. Halaman 440.
( 𝑔× 〖𝑑𝑝〗 ^2×(𝜌_𝐷−𝜌_𝐶) )/(18𝜇_𝐶 )
Ud =
dimana,
Ud = Terminal velocity fasa terdispersi (m/s)
dp = Diameter butir terdispersi
ρD = Densitas fasa terdispersi (kg/m 3)

ρC = Densitas fasa kontinyu (kg/m3)

μC = Viskositas fasa kontinyu (kg/m.s)
g = Kecepatan gravitasi (m/s2)
Ukuran butir terdispersi diambil dp = 150 μm (150×10-6 m) (Towler & Sinnot)
maka,
( 9,81 𝑚/𝑠^2×(150×10^(−4) 𝑚)^2×(1102,5938−917,5168)𝑘𝑔/𝑚^3 )/(18×(0,3314×10^(−3) ) 𝑘𝑔/𝑚.𝑠)
Ud =
= 0.0068 m/s
Ud bernilai (+) menunjukkan bahwa fasa terdispersi / fasa berat menuju ke bawah.
6. Luas Interface
Agar butiran terdispersi tidak ada yang terbawa oleh aliran pada fasa kontinyu keluar
dekanter, maka diisyaratkan :
Kecepatan linier fasa kontinyu (Uc) < dari terminal velocity terdispersi (Ud) (Persamaan
10.6, Coulson ed.6, Halaman 440)
QL
Uc =
Ai
dimana,
UC = Kecepatan linear fasa kontinyu (m/s)
Ai = Luas penampang interface (m2)
QL = Kecepatan volumetrik fasa ringan (m 3/s)
maka,
QL
Ai =
Uc
0.0115 m3/s
=
0.00685 m/s
= 1.67438 m2
7. Dimensi Dekanter
Berdasarkan Coulson, halaman 441, waktu tinggal cairan dalam dekanter berkisar antara
5 -60 menit. Dipilih waktu tinggal dalam dekanter selama 60 menit.
t = 60 menit
= 1 jam

Menentukan Volume Dekanter :

Volume Cairan = Kecepatan volume total × waktu tinggal (t)
= 6.8164 m3/jam × 1 jam
= 6.8164 m3
= 240.72 ft3
Over Design = 20%
Vol Dekanter = 1.2 × 6.8164 m3

= 8.1797 m3
= 288.86 ft3
Menentukan Diameter dan Panjang Dekanter :

Digunakan perbandingan D : L = 1 : 2
𝑉=(𝜋 〖 𝐷〗 ^2 𝐿)/4+(𝜋 〖 𝐷〗 ^3)/12
=(𝜋 〖 𝐷〗 ^2 (2𝐷))/4+(𝜋 𝐷^3)/12
=(𝜋 𝐷^3)/2+(𝜋 𝐷^3)/12
=(7 𝜋 𝐷^3)/12
𝐷^3=(12 𝑉)/(7 𝜋)
12 × 8.1797
= ( )1/3
7 × 3.1400
D = 1.64676 m Diameter Standar = 66.00 in
= 5.40275 ft = 1.6764 m
= 64.83 in = 5.50 ft
Maka panjang dekanter,

= L : D
= 2 : 1
L = 2D
2 × 1.6764 m
= 3.3528 m
= 11.00 ft

Tinggi Interface (z) = 0.5 × D

= 0.5 × 1.6764 m
= 0.8382 m
Luas Interface (Ai) = W × L

= 1.6764 m × 3.3528 m
= 5.62063 m2
Dispersion Band = 10% × 1.6764 m
= 0.16764 m
Cek residence time droplet dalam dispersion band :

0.16764 m
=
0.003 m/s
= 55.88 detik
= 0.9313 menit
Panjang Weir :
Dari fig. 11.31, Coulson and Richardson, panjang Weir normalnya berkisar antara
0,6 - 0,85 dari pipa keluar fase ringan (Dc), maka dipilih 0,77
L Weir = 0.77 × Dc
= 0.77 × 1.610
= 1.240 in
Panjang Blade :
L / D = 2
Dt (Diameter dekanter) = 1.6764 m
Da / Dt = 0.33
Da (Panjang blade) = 0.55321 m
W / Da = 0.2
W (Tinggi blade) = 0.11064 m
Menentukan Tebal Dinding Dekanter :

Digunakan baja Stainless Stell type SA 167 jenis 316 (Brownell & Young, 1959, hal. 342
f = Allowable stress = 18750 psi (Appendix D, Brownell &Young)

E = Effisiensi sambungan = 0.80 (Tabel 13.2, Brownell &Young)

c = Faktor korosi = 0.125 in (Peters & Timmerhaus)

ri = Jari-jari dekanter = 33.00 in
Faktor keamanan = 20%

PDesign = 1 atm × 1.2
= 1.20 atm
= 17.64 psi
Tebal shell dihitung dengan persamaan 13.1 Brownell & Young, hal. 254 :
P × ri
tShell = + c
f × E − 0,6 × P
17.64 psi × 33.00 in
= + 0.125 in
18750 psi × 0.8 − 0.6 × 17.64 psi
= 0.16382 in
Sehingga digunakan tebal shell standar yaitu 3/16 in = 0.1875 in (Brownell &Young)
Menentukan Tebal Head Dekanter :

Jenis head yang dipakai adalah torispherical dished head, bahan konstruksi yang digunakan
adalah jenis stainless stell SA 167 type 316 (Brownell & Young, hal. 342)
f = Allowable stress = 18750 psi (Appendix D, Brownell &Young)

E = Effisiensi sambungan = 0.80 (Tabel 13.2, Brownell &Young)
c = Faktor korosi = 0.125 in (Peters & Timmerhaus)
ri = Jari-jari dekanter = 33.00 in
Faktor keamanan = 20%

PDesign = 1 atm × 1.2
= 1.20 atm
= 17.64 psi
Tebal head dihitung dengan persamaan 13.12 Brownell & Young, hal. 258 :
0,885 × P × ri
tHead = + c
f × E − 0,1 × P
0.885 × 17.64 psi × 33.00 in
= + 0.125 in
18750 psi × 0.8 − 0.1 × 17.64 psi

= 0.15934 in
Sehingga digunakan tebal head standar yaitu 3/16 in = 0.1875 in (Brownell &Young)
Menentukan Tinggi Head Dekanter :

Keterangan :
r = Radius of Dish
a = Inside Radius

OD = 66.00 in
r = 66.00 in
icr = 4.00 in
sebesar :
thead = 0.1875 in
1 ( 1 )/2 ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 2 𝑖𝑛
sf =
( 𝐼𝐷 )/2 65.63
a = = = 32.8125 in
2
= 32.81 in − 4.00 in
= 28.81 in
= 66.00 in − 4.00 in
= 62.00 in

AC √( 〖= (𝐵𝐶) 〗^2− 〖 (𝐴𝐵) 〗^2 )

√( 〖= (62,00) 〗^2− 〖 (28,81) 〗^2 )
= 54.90 in
b = 𝑟−𝐴𝐶
= 66.00 in − 54.90 in
= 11.10 in
= 0.1875 in + 11.10 in + 2.00 in
= 13.289 in
= 1.1074 ft
= 0.3375 m
Sehingga panjang dekanter :

Panjang total (L) = L + 2 × HHead
= 3.3528 + 2 × 0.3375
= 4.0279 m
= 13.21 ft
= 158.58 in
Volume Fasa Berat dan Fasa Ringan :

VB = t × QH
= 3600 × 0.0008 m3/s
= 2.74496 m3
VA = t × QL
= 3600 × 0.0011 m3/s
= 4.1284 m3
ket :
VA = Volume fasa ringan (m3)
VB = Volume fasa berat (m3)
QL = Kecepatan volumetrik fase ringan (m 3/s)
QH = Kecepatan volumetrik fase berat (m 3/s)
t = Waktu tinggal dalam dekanter (s)
Ketinggian Pipa :

Z3 = 0.5 × D
= 0.5 × 1.6764 m
= 0.8382 m
Z3 = 0.9 × D
= 0.9 × 1.6764 m
= 1.5088 m
Ukuran Pipa Umpan :

Ukuran pipa pemasukan umpan dapat dihitung menggunakan persamaan 15, Peter. M.S., 1980
halaman 496 :
ID = 3,9 × Qf0,45 × ρ0,13
ket :
ID = Inside diameter pipa (in)
Qf = Laju alir umpan (ft3/s)
ρ = Densitas umpan (lb/ft3)
Qf = 0.0019 m3/s
= 0.0669 ft3/s
ρ = 62.41 lb/ft3
ID = 3.9 × 0.0669 ### × 62.4106 ###

= 1.9760 in
ID pipa umpan standar berdasarkan tabel 11, Kern. D.Q., 1965, halaman 844.
Dipilih :
ID = 2.067 in
Sch. no = 40
OD = 2.38 in
NPS = 2 in
Ukuran Pipa Fase Ringan :

Ukuran pipa keluaran fase ringan dapat dihitung menggunakan persamaan 15, Peter. M.S, 1980
halaman 496 :
ID = 3,9 × QL0,45 × ρ0,13
ket :
QL = Laju alir fase ringan (ft3/s)
ρ = Densitas fase ringan (lb/ft3)
QL = 0.0011 m3/s
= 0.0405 ft3/s
ρ = 57.28 lb/ft3
ID = 3.9 × 0.0405 ### × 57.2787 ###

= 1.5594 in
ID pipa fase ringan standar berdasarkan tabel 11, Kern. D.Q., 1965, halaman 844.
Dipilih :
ID = 1.61 in
Sch. no = 40
OD = 1.90 in
NPS = 1.50 in
Ukuran Pipa Fase Berat :

Ukuran pipa keluaran fase berat dapat dihitung menggunakan persamaan 15, Peter. M.S, 1980
halaman 496 :
ID = 3,9 × QH0,45 × ρ0,13
ket :
QH = Laju alir fase ringan (ft3/s)
ρ = Densitas fase ringan (lb/ft3)
QH = 0.0008 m3/s
= 0.0269 ft3/s
ρ = 68.83 lb/ft3
ID = 3.9 × 0.0269 ### × 68.8327 ###

= 1.3291 in

ID pipa fase berat standar berdasarkan tabel 11, Kern. D.Q., 1965, halaman 844.
Dipilih :
ID = 1.38 in
Sch. no = 40
OD = 1.66 in
NPS = 1.25 in
KESIMPULAN DEKANTER 01 (DC − 01)
Fungsi : Memisahkan metanol, metil akrilat, asam akrilat, dan air (fase ringan) dari
campuran keluar reaktor, dengan fase berat berupa metanol, asam akrilat, air,
dan natrium sulfat.
Jenis Alat : Horizontal Dekanter
Kondisi Operasi
- Tekanan : 1 atm
- Waktu tinggal : 60 menit
Dimensi Netralizer
- Tinggi head : 13.29 in
- Panjang total : 4.03 m
- Volume total : 8.18 m3
- LWeir : 1.24 in

- Panjang blade : 0.55 m
Kecepatan Volumetrik Umpan (QF) : 6.82 m3/jam

Kecepatan Volumetrik Fase Ringan (QL) : 4.13 m3/jam
Kecepatan Volumetrik Fase Berat (QH) : 2.74 m3/jam

○ Pipa Umpan
○ Pipa Fase Ringan

○ Pipa Fase Berat


18×(0,3314×10^(−3) ) 𝑘𝑔/𝑚.𝑠)

15, Peter. M.S., 1980

n 15, Peter. M.S, 1980
15, Peter. M.S, 1980

Lampiran Alat Besar Menara Distilasi - 01
MENARA DISTILASI (MD - 01)
CD - 01
ACC - 01
Distillate
Feed
RB - 01
Bottom
Tugas : Memisahkan metanol dari air, asam akrilat, dan natrium sulfat sebagai produk atas
menara distilasi dengan kecepatan umpan masuk sebesar
Jenis : Sieve Tray Distillation Column
Asumsi : 1. Menara distilasi bekerja pada keadaan tunak
2. Pada setiap plate terjadi kesetimbangan fase
3. aliran dalam setiap plate konstan molal
4. Koefisien kesetimbangan fasa mengikuti persamaan K = P°/Pt
Dimana, K = konstanta kesetimbangan fase uap - cair
1. Neraca Massa
Feed Destillate Bottom
Komponen
C3H4O2(l) 0.08 5.58 0.00 0.00 0.08 5.58
CH3OH (l) 43.79 1,401.44 43.73 1,399.34 0.07 2.10
H2O(l) 65.83 1,184.98 0.12 2.10 65.72 1,182.88
Na2SO4(l) 3.06 434.57 0.00 0.00 3.06 434.57
43.85 1,401.44 68.92 1,625.14
Total 112.77 3,026.58
Prarancangan Pabrik Metil Akrilat dari Asam Akrilat dan Metanol 178
Total 112.77 3,026.58

112.77 3,026.58
2. Menentukan Kondisi Operasu Menara Distilasi
Umpan menara distilasi dalam kondisi cair jenuh. Untuk menentukan temperatur umpan maka
perlu di trial temperatur bubble point feed pada tekanan 1 atm. Tekanan uap tiap komponen
dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan Antoine sebagai berikut :

(Yaws, 1999)
Dimana, A, B, C, D, E = konstanta
P = tekanan uap komponen (mmHg)
T = temperatur (K)
Konstanta untuk tiap-tiap komponen dapat dilihat pada tabel berikut :

Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2(l) 23.0607 -3,134.7 -4.8813 4.36E-04 -4.92E-13
CH3OH (l) 45.6171 -3,244.7 -13.9880 6.64E-03 -1.05E-13
H2O(l) 29.8605 -3,152.2 -7.3037 2.42E-09 1.81E-06
Na2SO4(l) -2.2687 -15,051.0 3.5005 -1.27E-03 1.77E-07
a. Kondisi Operasi Umpan

Kondisi operasi umpan menara terjadi pada keadaan bubble point,
∑Xi = ∑Yi / Ki = 1, Dengan cara trial pada tekanan 760 mmHg (1 atm), dicoba :
= 354.10 K = 1.0002 atm
C3H4O2 :
Log P° C3H4O2 = 23.0607 + -3,134.7 + -4.881 × Log 354.10 +
354.1
4.36E-04 × 354.10 + -4.92E-13 × 125,386.43
= 1.9194 mmHg
P° C3H4O2 = 83.0633 mmHg
K C3H4O2 = 83.0633 mmHg
760.1478 mmHg
= 0.1093
yi C3H4O2 = 0.0007 × 0.1093
= 0.0001
CH3OH :
Log P° CH3OH = 45.6171 + -3,244.7 + -13.99 × Log 354.10 +
354.1
6.64E-03 × 354.10 + -1.05E-13 × 125,386.43

= 3.1467 mmHg
P° CH3OH = 1,401.76 mmHg
K CH3OH = 1,401.76 mmHg
760.1478 mmHg
= 1.8441
yi CH3OH = 0.3884 × 1.8441
= 0.7162
H 2O :
Log P° H2O = 29.8605 + -3,152.2 + -7.30 × Log 354.10
354.1
2.42E-09 × 354.10 + 1.81E-06 × 125,386.43
= 2.5673 mmHg
P° H2O = 369.20 mmHg
K H2O = 369.20 mmHg
760.1478 mmHg
= 0.4857
yi H2O = 0.5838 × 0.4857
= 0.2835
Na2SO4 :
Log P° Na2SO4 = -2.2687 + -15,051.0 + 3.501 × Log 354.10 +
354.1
-1.27E-03 × 354.10 + 1.77E-07 × 125,386.43
= -36.2784 mmHg
P° Na2SO4 = 0.0000 mmHg
K Na2SO4 = 0.0000 mmHg
760.1478 mmHg
= 0.0000
yi Na2SO4 = 0.0271 × 0.0000
= 0.0000
Maka diperoleh kondisi operasi umpan :

C3H4O2(l) 0.08 0.0007 8.306.E+01 1.093.E-01 0.0001 2.250.E-01 -6.48.E-01
CH3OH (l) 43.79 0.3884 1.402.E+03 1.844.E+00 0.7162 3.797.E+00 5.79.E-01
H2O(l) 65.83 0.5838 3.692.E+02 4.857.E-01 0.2835 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 3.06 0.0271 5.267.E-37 6.929.E-40 0.0000 1.427.E-39 -3.88.E+01
Total 112.7653 1.000 1.000

Suhu umpan menara = 81.099 ℃ = 354.10 K
Tekanan umpan menara = 1.0002 atm = 760.1478 mmHg
b Kondisi Operasi Atas
Kondisi operasi atas menara terjadi pada keadaan dew point, digunakan kondensor total
∑Xi = ∑Yi / Ki = 1,00 Dengan cara trial pada tekanan 760 mmHg (1 atm), dicoba :
= 337.76 K = 1.0004 atm
C3H4O2 :
Log P° C3H4O2 = -2.2687 + -3,134.7 + -4.881 × Log 337.76 +
337.8
4.36E-04 × 337.76 + -4.92E-13 × 114,083.71
= 1.5842 mmHg
P° C3H4O2 = 38.3923 mmHg
K C3H4O2 = 38.3923 mmHg
760.3125 mmHg
= 0.0505
yi C3H4O2 = 0.0000 × 0.0505
= 0.0000
CH3OH :
Log P° CH3OH = 45.6171 + -3,244.7 + -13.99 × Log 337.76 +
337.8
6.64E-03 × 337.76 + -1.05E-13 × 114,083.71
= 2.8820 mmHg
P° CH3OH = 762.0704 mmHg
K CH3OH = 762.0704 mmHg
760.3125 mmHg
= 1.0023
yi CH3OH = 0.9973 × 1.0023
= 0.9996
H 2O :
Log P° H2O = 29.8605 + -3,152.2 + -7.30 × Log 337.76 +
337.8
2.42E-09 × 337.76 + 1.81E-06 × 114,083.71
= 2.2661 mmHg
P° H2O = 184.5319 mmHg
K H2O = 184.5319 mmHg
760.3125 mmHg
= 0.2427
yi H2O = 0.0027 × 0.2427
= 0.001
Na2SO4 :
Log P° Na2SO4 = -2.2687 + -15,051.0 + 3.501 × Log 337.76 +
337.8
-1.27E-03 × 337.76 + 1.77E-07 × 114,083.71
= -38.3873 mmHg
P° Na2SO4 = 0.0000 mmHg
760.3125 mmHg
= 0.0000
yi Na2SO4 = 0.0000 × 0.0000
= 0.0000
Maka diperoleh kondisi operasi atas :

Komponen F Yi P° K Xi Alpha Log (Alp)
C3H4O2(l) 0.00 0.0000 3.839.E+01 5.050.E-02 0.0000 2.081.E-01 -6.82.E-01
CH3OH (l) 43.73 0.9973 7.621.E+02 1.002.E+00 0.9996 4.130.E+00 6.16.E-01
H2O(l) 0.12 0.0027 1.845.E+02 2.427.E-01 0.0006 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 0.00 0.0000 4.099.E-39 5.391.E-42 0.0000 2.221.E-41 -4.07.E+01
Total 43.85 1.000 1.000
Suhu atas menara = 64.763 ℃ = 337.76 K
Tekanan atas menara = 1.0004 atm = 760.3125 mmHg
c. Kondisi Operasi Bawah

Kondisi operasi bawah menara terjadi pada keadaan bubble point,
∑Xi = ∑Yi / Ki = 1, Dengan cara trial pada tekanan 829 mmHg (1,1 atm), dicoba :
= 376.91 K = 1.0917 atm
C3H4O2 :
Log P° C3H4O2 = 23.0607 + -3,134.7 + -4.881 × Log 376.91 +
376.91
4.36E-04 × 376.91 + -4.92E-13 × 142,061.90
= 2.3328 mmHg
P° C3H4O2 = 215.1708 mmHg
K C3H4O2 = 215.1708 mmHg

829.6611 mmHg
= 0.2593
yi C3H4O2 = 0.0011 × 0.2593
= 0.0003
CH3OH :
Log P° CH3OH = 45.6171 + -3,244.7 + -13.99 × Log 376.91 +
376.91
6.64E-03 × 376.91 + -1.05E-13 × 142,061.90
= 3.4734 mmHg
P° CH3OH = 2974.2512 mmHg
K CH3OH = 2974.2512 mmHg
829.6611 mmHg
= 3.5849
yi CH3OH = 0.0010 × 3.5849
= 0.0034
H 2O :
Log P° H2O = 29.8605 + -3,152.2 + -7.30 × Log 376.91 +
376.91
2.42E-09 × 376.91 + 1.81E-06 × 142,061.90
= 2.9382 mmHg
P° H2O = 867.2969 mmHg
K H2O = 867.2969 mmHg
829.6611 mmHg
= 1.0454
yi H2O = 0.9535 × 1.0454
= 0.9968
Na2SO4 :
Log P° Na2SO4 = -2.2687 + -15,051.0 + 3.501 × Log 376.91 +
376.91
-1.27E-03 × 376.91 + 1.77E-07 × 142,061.90
= -33.6370 mmHg
P° Na2SO4 = 0.0000 mmHg
829.6611 mmHg
= 0.0000
yi Na2SO4 = 0.0444 × 0.0000
= 0.0000
Maka diperoleh kondisi operasi bawah :

C3H4O2(l) 0.08 0.0011 2.152.E+02 2.593.E-01 0.0003 2.481.E-01 -6.05.E-01
CH3OH (l) 0.07 0.0010 2.974.E+03 3.585.E+00 0.0034 3.429.E+00 5.35.E-01
H2O(l) 65.72 0.9535 8.673.E+02 1.045.E+00 0.9968 1.000.E+00 0.00.E+00
Na2SO4(l) 3.06 0.0444 2.307.E-34 2.780.E-37 0.0000 2.659.E-37 -3.66.E+01
Total 68.92 1.000 1.000
Suhu bawah menara = 103.911 ℃ = 376.91 K
Tekanan bawah menara = 1.0917 atm = 829.6611 mmHg
3. Menentukan Relatif Volatilitas Rata-rata (αAV)
α avg = (α top × α bottom)1/2

(Coulson, 1985)
keterangan :
α avg = Volatilitas relatif rata-rata
α top = Volatilitas relatif pada distilat
α bot = Volatilitas relatif pada bottom
Dengan menggunakan persamaan diatas, maka diperoleh nilai :

Komponen Alpha Top Alpha Bottom Alpha Avg
C3H4O2(l) 0.2081 0.2481 0.2272
CH3OH (l) 4.1297 3.4293 3.7633
H2O(l) 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 5.3378 4.6774 4.9905
4. Menentukan Light Key Komponen dan Heavy Key Komponen

Adapun pemilihan komponen kunci adalah sebagai berikut :
Light Key = CH3OH
Heavy Key = H2O
Dari persamaan Shiras et. Al (Treybal, pers 9.164), key komponen dapat ditentukan
sebagai berikut :
𝐽,𝐹) 𝐹)=(𝛼_𝐽−1)/(𝛼_𝑙𝑘−1) (𝑋_(𝑙𝑘,𝐷) 𝐷)/(𝑍_(𝑙𝑘,𝐹) 𝐹)+(𝛼_𝑙𝑘−𝛼_𝐽)/(𝛼_𝑙𝑘−1) (𝑋_(ℎ𝑘,𝐷) 𝐷)/(𝑍_(ℎ𝑘,𝐹) 𝐹)
keterangan :
X J,D = Fraksi mol komponen j di distilat
Z J,F = Fraksi mol komponen j di umpan
α = Relative volatility
D = Jumlah distilat (kmol/jam)
F = jumlah umpan (kmol/jam)
C3H4O2 :
) 𝐹)=(0,2272−1)/(1,8518−1) (0,9973×43,8461)/(0,3884×112,7653)+(1,8518−0,2272)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×4
= -0.2770
CH3OH :
) 𝐹)=(3,7633−1)/(1,8518−1) (0,9973×43,8461)/(0,3884×112,7653)+(1,8518−3,7633)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×4
= 0.9985
H 2O :
𝐽,𝐹) 𝐹)=(1−1)/(1,8518−1) (0,9973×43,8461)/(0,3884×112,7653)+(1,8518−1)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×438461)/
= 0.0018
Na2SO4 :
𝐽,𝐹) 𝐹)=(0−1)/(1,8518−1) (0,9973×43,8461)/(0,3884×112,7653)+(1,8518−0)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×43,8461)
= -0.3589
Syarat :
a. Jika nilai X J,D D antara -0,01 dan 1,01, maka komponen akan terdistribusi ke
Z J,F F
dalam dua hasil yaitu hasil atas dan hasil bawah.
b. Jika nilai X J,D D > 1,01 , maka komponen hanya terdistribusi pada hasil atas.
Z J,F F
c. Jika nilai X J,D D < -0,01 , maka komponen hanya terdistribusi pada hasil bawah.
Z J,F F
Berdasarkan hasil diatas, maka dapat diketahui data sebagai berikut :

Fi Di (𝑋_(𝐽,𝐷) 𝐷)/(𝑍_(𝐽,𝐹) 𝐹)
Komponen Alpha Avg Keterangan
(kmol/jam) (kmol/jam)
C3H4O2(l) 0.08 0.00 0.2272 -0.2770 Bawah
CH3OH (l) 43.79 43.73 3.7633 0.9985 Atas Bawah
H2O(l) 65.83 0.12 1.0000 0.0018 Atas Bawah
Na2SO4(l) 3.06 0.00 0.0000 -0.3589 Bawah
Total 112.77 43.85 4.9905 0.3644
Kesimpulan :
Light Key Komponen = CH3OH
Heavy Key Komponen = H2O
5. Menentukan Light Key Komponen dan Heavy Key Komponen

Dengan menggunakan Fenske equation oleh Hengstebeck dan Geddes :
log⁡(𝐷𝑖/𝐵𝑖)=𝐴+𝐶 log⁡〖
𝛼 _𝑖 〗
Kondisi batas adalah LK dan HK :

𝐷𝑖=𝐹𝑖/((𝐵𝑖⁄𝐷𝑖+1) )
𝐵𝑖=𝐹𝑖/((𝐷𝑖⁄𝐵𝑖+1) )
Di Bi
α Avg Log (Di/Bi) Log α avg
(kmol/jam) (kmol/jam)
LK 43.7293 0.0657 3.7633 2.8233 0.5756
HK 0.1168 65.7157 1.0000 -2.7503 0.0000
Dari persamaan LK :
2.8233 = A + 0.5756 C
Dari persamaan HK :
-2.7503 = A + 0.0000
A = -2.7503
Maka C = 2.8233 + 2.7503
0.5756
= 9.6836
Maka didapat :
Komponen Fi (kmol/jam) αi Di / Bi Bi Di
C3H4O2(l) 0.0775 0.2272 0.0000 0.0775 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 43.7950 3.7633 665.6667 0.0657 43.7293
H2O(l) 65.8324 1.0000 0.0018 65.7157 0.1168
Na2SO4(l) 3.0604 0.0000 0.0000 3.0604 0.0000
Total 112.7653 4.9905 665.6684 68.9192 43.8461
Kesimpulan :
Hasil sesuai dengan neraca massa pada awal perhitungan, maka tidak perlu ada perubahan
untuk neraca massa
6. Menentukan Jumlah Plate Minimum

Dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan Fenske (Coulson, pers 11.58)
𝑆_𝑚=(log⁡〖[𝑋_𝑙𝑘/𝑋_ℎ𝑘 ]_𝑑 〗[𝑋_ℎ𝑘/𝑋_𝑙𝑘 ]_𝑏)/log⁡〖

𝛼 𝑎𝑣𝑔〗
Ket : Indeks :
Sm = Jumlah stage minimum (termasuk boiler) D = Distilat
Xlk = Fraksi mol komponen kunci berat B = Bottom
Xhk = Fraksi mol komponen kunci ringan
αlk = Volatilitas relatif rerata
Maka,
𝑆_𝑚=(log⁡〖[0,9973/0,0027]_𝑑 〗[0,9535/0,0010]_𝑏)/log⁡3,7633
= 13.4138
Nm + 1 = Sm
Nm = Sm − 1
= 13,4138 − 1
= 12.4138 ≈ 12 plate
7. Reflux Minimum
Dihitung menggunakan persamaan Underwood (Coulson, pers 11,61) :
1−𝑞=∑▒(𝛼_𝑖 𝑥_(𝑖,𝑓))/(𝛼_𝑖−𝜃)
ket :
q = Kondisi termal umpan (panas yang diperlukan untuk menjadikan 1 mol umpan
uap jenuh / panas laten molal)
q = 1, bila umpan dalam keadaan cair jenuh
q = 0, bila umpan dalam keadaan uap jenuh
α = Volatilitas relatif rata-rata
θ = Konstanta Underwood
Umpan masuk menara pada keadaan bubble point (titik didih), maka q = 1
Dengan cara trial dan error dicari harga θ sampai didapat nilai q = 1
Trial dan error θ = 2.30318
0=(0,2272×0,0007)/(0,2272−𝜃)+(3,7633×0,3884)/(3,7633−𝜃)+(1×0,5838)/(1−𝜃)+ (0×0,0271)/(0−𝜃)
0 = -0.0001 + 1.0010 + -0.0005 + 0.0000

= 1.0005
8. Reflux Ratio Minimum (Rmin)

Dihitung dengan persamaan Underwood (Coulson, pers 11.60) :
𝑅_𝑚𝑖𝑛+1=∑▒(𝛼_𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝑥_(𝑖,𝑑))/(𝛼_𝑎𝑣𝑔−𝜃)
∑▒(𝛼_𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝑥_(𝑖,𝑑))/(𝛼_𝑎𝑣𝑔−𝜃)
Komponen xi,d αavg
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 0.2081 0.0000

CH3OH (l) 0.9973 4.1297 2.2549
H2O(l) 0.0027 1.0000 -0.0020
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 5.3378 2.2529
Rmin + 1 2.2529
Rmin + 1 = 2.2529
Rmin = 2.2529 − 1
= 1.2529
9. Reflux Operasi (R)

Reflux ratio operasi untuk pendingin air berkisar antara 1,2 sampai 1,3 dikali R min
Berdasarkan Kister, H.Z., Distillation Design, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1991, hal 102
Dipilih : 1.25
Reflux Operasi = 1.25 × Rmin
= 1.25 × 1.2529
= 1.56608
10. Jumlah Plate Teoritis

Diperoleh dengan korelasi Gilliland, grafik diperoleh dari Ludwig, E.E, Applied Process Design
for Chemical and Petrochemical Plant, Gulf Publishing, Houston, 1987, Ed III, Vol 2, Hal 30
Rop − Rmin 1.5661 − 1.2529
=
Rop + 1 1.56608 + 1
= 0.12206
Dari grafik diperoleh :

Nideal − Nmin
= 0.5
Nideal + 1
Nmin = 13.414
Nideal = 13.4138
1 − 0.5
= 26.8276 ≈ 27 plate
Cek Nideal / Nmin harus masuk dalam range yaitu 1,8 − 2,5
Nideal 27
=
Nmin 12
= 2.25 (masih masuk dalam range)
11. Efisiensi Plate

Didekati dengan cara O'Connell. Towler, G, Ray Sinnott, Chemical Engineering Design,
Elsevier, San Diego, 2008, hal 701. (tentang hubungan antara αf × μf dengan efisiensi plate)
EO = 51 − 32,5 log(μaαa)
ket :
αf = Volatilitas relatif dalam umpan
μf = Volatilitas rerata dalam umpan
Viskositas umpan : T = 354.10 K

Komponen A B C D μ (cP)
C3H4O2(l) -1.59E+01 2.44E+03 3.44E-02 -2.77E-05 0.4744
CH3OH (l) -9.06E+00 1.25E+03 2.24E-02 -2.35E-05 0.2885
H2O(l) -1.02E+01 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.3473
Na2SO4(l) 1.13E+01 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03 9.24E-07 0.0001
μ rerata dalam umpan menara :

Komponen XF μF (cP) αF XF μF αF
C3H4O2(l) 0.0007 0.4744 0.2250 0.0001
CH3OH (l) 0.3884 0.2885 3.7968 0.4255
H2O(l) 0.5838 0.3473 1.0000 0.2028
Na2SO4(l) 0.0271 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 0.6283
-0.2018
EO = 51 − 32,5 log(μaαa)
= 51 − 32,5 log(0,6283)
= 51 − 32,5 (-0,2018)
= 57.56 %
12. Jumlah Plate Aktual

𝑁_𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙=𝑁_𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙/𝑒𝑓𝑓
ket :
Eff = Efisiensi plate
Naktual = Jumlah plate aktual
Nideal = Jumlah plate ideal
Maka :
Naktual = 27
0.576
= 46.91 ≈ 47 plate (tidak dengan reboiler)
13. Letak Plate Umpan

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan Kirk Bridge,
Towler, G, Ray Sinnott, Chemical Engineering Design, Elsevier, San Diego, 2008, hal 676
log⁡〖[𝑁_𝑟/𝑁_𝑠 ]=0,206 log⁡[(𝐵/𝐷)(𝑥_(𝑓,ℎ𝑘)/𝑥_(𝑓,𝑙𝑘) ) (𝑥_(𝐵,𝑙𝑘)/𝑥_(𝐷,ℎ𝑘) )^2 ] 〗
Ket :
B = Kecepatan mol bottom (kmol/jam)
D = Kecepatan mol distilat (kmol/jam)
Nr = Jumlah plate pada seksi rectifying
Ns = Jumlah plate pada seksi stripping
Indeks :
B = Bottom
D = Distilat
F = Feed
hk = Heavy Key
lk = Light Key
log⁡〖[𝑁_𝑟/𝑁_𝑠 ]=0,206 log⁡[(68,9192/43,8461)(0,5838/0,3884) (0,0010/0,0027)^2 ] 〗
= -0.1069
Nr
= 10-0,1069 = 0.7817
Ns
Nr = 0.7817 × Ns
Nr + Ns = 47
0.7817 Ns + Ns = 47
1.7817 Ns = 47
Ns = 47
Ns 1.7817
Ns = 26.379 ≈ 26
Nr = 47 − 26 = 21
Maka diperoleh jumlah plate teoritis :

Seksi rectifying = 21 plate
Seksi stripping = 26 plate
Reboiler = 1 plate
14. Tegangan Permukaan

∑▒ 〖=𝐴(1−𝑇/𝑇𝑐)^𝑛 〗
Ket :
σ = Tegangan permukaan (N / m)
tho a, tho b, tho c, tho d, tho e = Konstanta
T = Suhu operasi (K)
Tc = Suhu kritis (K)
Persamaan data diperoleh dari yaws :
Komponen A Tc n
C3H4O2(l) 65.495 615.00 1.2549
CH3OH (l) 68.329 512.58 1.2222
H2O(l) 132.674 647.13 0.9550
Na2SO4(l) 99.899 925.00 1.2222
1. Perhitungan tegangan permukaan (σ) atas

T = 337.76 K
Komponen xi Sigma xi × Sigma
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 34.6202 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 0.9973 27.2893 27.2167
H2O(l) 0.0027 61.3701 0.1635
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 70.7374 0.0000
Total 1.0000 27.3801
σ atas = 27.3801 mN = 0.02738 N/m
m
2. Perhitungan tegangan permukaan (σ) bawah

T = 376.91 K
Komponen xi Sigma xi × Sigma
C3H4O2(l) 0.0011 30.0650 0.0338
CH3OH (l) 0.0010 21.4030 0.0204
H2O(l) 0.9535 53.4974 51.0106

Na2SO4(l) 0.0444 66.5547 2.9554
Total 1.0000 54.0202
σ atas = 54.020 mN = 0.0540 N/m
m
15. Dimensi Menara

Dihitung berdasarkan kecepatan flooding, kondisi dievaluasi pada puncak menara dan
dasar menara.
a. Puncak Menara
Sketsa Permasalahan
Poperasi = 1.0004 atm = 1.01367 bar
Tuap = 64.763 ℃ = 337.7628 K
Tcairan = 64.076 ℃ = 337.0759 K
Neraca massa :
V1 = Lo + D
V2 = L1 + D
V3 = L2 + D
Vn = Ln-1 + D
Vn + 1 = Ln + D
Untuk aliran konstan molal :
V = V1 = V2 = V3 = Vn = Vn+1
L0 = L1 = L2 = L3 = Ln = L
Neraca komponen pada puncak menara :

Vy1,l = Lx0,1 + Dxdi
ket :
D = Kecepatan mol distilat (kmol/jam)
V = Kecepatan mol uap (kmol/jam)
xo = Fraksi mol masing-masing komponen pada cairan reflux
xd = Fraksi mol masing-masing komponen pada distilat
V = Lo + D
Lo = Rop
D
V = (Rop + 1) D
V = 1.56608 + 1 × 43.846 kmol/jam

= 112.513 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol uap = fraksi mol distilat karena kondensor total, maka komposisi uap
dapat dihitung menggunakan persamaan Vi = Xi V
V = Kecepatan mol uap total (kmol/jam)
Vi = Kecepatan mol masing-masing komponen (kmol/jam)
Xi = Fraksi mol masing-masing komponen
V = 112.513 kmol/jam
Komponen BM Xi (mol) kmol/jam Kg/jam Xi (massa)

C3H4O2(l) 72 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 32 0.9973 112.2130 3,590.815 0.9985
H2O(l) 18 0.0027 0.2997 5.3943 0.0015
Na2SO4(l) 142 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 112.5126 3,596.209 1.0000
Komposisi Fase Cair :
Dihitung menggunakan persamaan Li = Vi - Di
Li = Kecepatan mol masing-masing komponen (kmol/jam)
Komponen BM Li , kmol/jam Xi (mol) kg/jam Xi (massa)

C3H4O2(l) 72 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 32 68.4837 0.9973 2,191.478 0.9985
H2O(l) 18 0.1829 0.0027 3.2922 0.0015
Na2SO4(l) 142 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 68.6666 1.0000 2,194.770 1.0000
Tinjauan Fase Uap

Toperasi = 64.763 ℃ = 337.763 K
Massa Molekul Campuran :

Kecepatan massa uap total
Mwv =
Kecepatan mol uap total
3,596.2089 kg/jam
=
112.5126 kmol/jam
= 31.9627 kg/kmol
Rapat Massa Fase Uap :

Didekati menggunakan persamaan gas ideal :
Mwv × Pt
ρg =
Rg × T
Ket :
ρg = Rapar massa fase uap (kg/m 3)
Mwv = Massa molekul uap (kg/kmol)
Pt = Tekanan total (bar)
Rg = Konstanta gas ideal (m3bar/kmol.K)
Maka :
31.963 kg/kmol × 1.0137 bar
ρg =
0.0821 m3bar/kmol.K × 337.76 K
32.3995
=
27.7303
= 1.1684 kg/m3
Tinjauan Fase Cair
Toperasi = 64.076 ℃ = 337.076 K
Rapat Massa Fase Uap :

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan Yaws, 1999 :
ρ = A*B^-(1-T/Tc)^n
Komponen A B n Tc ρ(kg/m3)
C3H4O2(l) 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00 1,000.941
CH3OH (l) 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58 749.983
H2O(l) 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13 991.066
Na2SO4(l) 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3,700.00 2,456.969

C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 1,000.941 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 2,191.478 749.983 2.9220
H2O(l) 3.2922 991.066 0.0033
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 2,456.969 0.0000
Total 2,194.770 2.9254

ρl =
2,194.770 kg/jam
=
2.9254 m3/jam
= 750.2564 kg/m3
Tegangan Muka
𝜏=∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖〖𝑋𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎〗 _𝑖 𝜏_𝑖 〗
ket :
τ = Tegangan muka (dyne/cm)
Xmassa = Fraksi massa indeks
i = Komponen
Komponen kg/jam Xmassa τ Xmassa . τ
C3H4O2(l) 0.0000 0.0000 34.6202 0.0000
CH3OH (l) 2,191.478 0.9985 27.2893 27.2484
H2O(l) 3.2922 0.0015 61.3701 0.0921
Na2SO4(l) 0.0000 0.0000 70.7374 0.0000
Total 2,194.770 1.000 194.017 27.3405
Parameter Flooding
𝐹𝑙𝑣=𝐿/𝑉 (𝜌_𝑔/𝜌_𝑙 )^0,5
(Towler. G, Ray Sinnot, Chemical Engineering Design, Elsevier, San Diego, 2008, hal 720)
Ket :
L = Kecepatan massa fase cair (kg/jam)
V = Kecepatan massa fase gas (kg/jam)
ρg = Rapat massa fase uap (kg/m 3)
ρl = Rapat massa fase cair (kg/m 3)
2,194.770 kg/jam 1.1684 kg/m3

Flv = × ( )0,5
3,596.209 kg/jam 750.26 kg/m4
= 0.02408
Parameter kecepatan flooding diperoleh dari fig. 11.29 :
Dicoba jarak antar plate (tray spacing) adalah =0.3 m

Dari Figure 11.29 diatas, diperoleh K1 = 0.065 m/s
Kecepatan Uap Maksimum

𝑈𝑓=𝐾_1 ((𝜌_𝑙−𝜌_𝑔)/𝜌_𝑔 )^0,5 (𝜏/(20 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒/𝑐𝑚))^0,2
Merupakan adaptasi dari persamaan 11,81. Towler, dan Sinnot, halaman 720
Ket :
K1 = Parameter kecepatan flooding (m/s)
Uf = Kecepatan uap maksimum (m/s)
750.26 kg/m3 - 1.168 kg/m3 27.340 dyne/cm

Uf = 0.065 m/s ( )0,5( )0,2
1.1684 kg/m3 20 dyne/cm
= 1.75204 m/s
Kecepatan Volume Uap
Kecepatan massa uap

Quap =
Rapat massa uap
3,596.209 kg/jam × jam/3600 s
=
1.1684 kg/m3
= 0.85499 m3/s
Luas Penampang menara :

Sieve tray, dapat digambarkan dibawah ini.
Luasan yang ditempati oleh Downcomer berkisar 10 - 20% dari luasan menara
Dirancang : Downcomer menempati 20% dari luas total
Kecepatan Operasi Uap

Berkisar antara 60 - 80% kecepatan linier maksimum (Towler and Sinnot, hal. 720)
Dirancang : 80% kecepatan minimum
Uop = 80% × 1.75204 m/s

= 1.402 m/s
Luas Area
Net Area (An)
Quap
An =
80% Uop
0.855 m3/s
=
80% 1.402 m/s
= 0.76249 m2
ket :
An = Luas penampang (m2)
Quap = Kecepatan volume uap (m3/s)

Uop = Kecepatan linier uap (m/s)
Luas Downcomer (At) adalah 20% dari luar total

An
At =
1 − 0,2
0.76249 m2
=
1 − 0,2
= 0.95312 m2
Diameter Menara
𝐷𝑡=√((4×𝐴𝑡)/𝜋)
4 × 0.95312 m2
= ( )0,5
3.14
= 1.10189 m
Perancangan Plate
Diameter column (Dc) = 1.1019 m
Luas penampang column (At) = 0.95312 m2
Luas downcomer (Ad) = 20% × At

= 20% × 0.95312 m2
= 0.19062 m2
Luas net area (An) = 0.76249 m2
Luas area aktif (Aa) = At − 2 × Ad
= 0.95312 m2 − 2 × 0.19062 m2
= 0.57187 m2
Luas hole area (Ah) = 5% × Aa
= 0.05 × 0.57187 m2
= 0.02859 m2
b. Dasar Menara
Sketsa Permasalahan :
ket :
L1 = Kecepatan massa cairan (kg/jam)
V0 = Kecepatan massa uap (kg/jam)
B = Kecepatan massa residu (kg/jam)
Xi = Fraksi mol pada fase cair
Yi = Fraksi mol pada fase uap
Xb = Fraksi mol masing-masing komponenpada residu
Kondisi Operasi :
Suhu Residu (keluar Reboiler) = 103.91 ℃ = 376.911 K
Tekanan Operasi = 1.0917 atm = 1.10612 bar
Komposisi hasil bawah menara distilasi :

Komponen BM kmol/jam Xi (mol) kg/jam Xi (massa)
C3H4O2(l) 72 0.0775 0.0011 5.5808 0.0034
CH3OH (l) 32 0.0657 0.0010 2.102 0.0013
H2O(l) 18 65.7157 0.9535 1,182.8818 0.7279
Na2SO4(l) 142 3.0604 0.0444 434.5747 0.2674
Total 68.9192 1.0000 1,625.139 1.0000
Menentukan komposisi uap yang keluar dari Reboiler (V 0) :

Kecepatan mol V0 = Kecepatan mol V1, karena aliran konstan molal
Maka V0 = 112.512641 kmol/jam
Komposisi uap terdiri dari :

Komponen BM Xi (mol) kmol/jam Kg/jam Xi (massa)
C3H4O2(l) 72 0.0011 0.1265 9.1108 0.0034
CH3OH (l) 32 0.0010 0.1072 3.432 0.0013

H2O(l) 18 0.9535 107.2827 1,931.0884 0.7279
Na2SO4(l) 142 0.0444 4.9962 709.4556 0.2674
Total 1.0000 112.5126 2,653.087 1.0000
Komposisi fase cair masuk Reboiler :

Dihitung dari neraca massa, Li = Vi + Bi
Bi = Kecepatan massa residu reboiler (kmol/jam)
Li = Kecepatan massa fase cair masuk reboiler (kmol/jam)
Vi = Keceparan massa fase uap keluar reboiler (kmol/jam)
Komponen BM Li , kmol/jam Xi (mol) kg/jam Xi (massa)

C3H4O2(l) 72 0.2041 0.0011 14.6916 0.0034
CH3OH (l) 32 0.1729 0.0010 5.534 0.0013
H2O(l) 18 172.9983 0.9535 3,113.9703 0.7279
Na2SO4(l) 142 8.0566 0.0444 1,144.0303 0.2674
Total 181.4319 1.0000 4,278.226 1.000
Suhu Masuk Reboiler

Dihitung secara iterasi sampai diperoleh ∑yi = ∑ki × xi = 1
Tdidih = 103.91 ℃ = 376.9110 K
Ptotal = 1.1061 bar = 829.6615 mmHg
Komponen Xi (mol) Puap Ki = Puap/Ptot yi = ki × xi

C3H4O2(l) 0.0011 215.1708 0.2593 0.0003
CH3OH (l) 0.0010 2,974.2512 3.5849 0.0034
H2O(l) 0.9535 867.2969 1.0454 0.9968
Na2SO4(l) 0.0444 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 4,056.7188 4.8896 1.0005
Tinjauan Fase Uap

Poperasi = 1.1061 bar
Toperasi = 103.91 ℃ = 376.91 K
Massa Molekul Campuran :

Kecepatan massa uap total 2,653.087 kg/jam
Mwv = =
Kecepatan mol uap total 112.5126 kmol/jam
= 23.5803 kg/kmol
Rapat Massa Uap :

Didekati menggunakan persamaan gas ideal :
Mwv × Pt
ρg =
Rg × T
Ket :
ρg = Rapar massa fase uap (kg/m 3)
Mwv = Massa molekul uap (kg/kmol)
Pt = Tekanan total (bar)
Rg = Konstanta gas ideal (m3bar/kmol.K)
Maka :
23.580 kg/kmol × 1.1061 bar
ρg =
0.0821 m3bar/kmol.K × 376.91 K
26.0828
=
30.9444
= 0.8429 kg/m3
Tinjauan Fase Cair

Poperasi = 1.1061 bar
Toperasi = 103.91 ℃ = 376.91 K
Rapat Massa Fase Cair :

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan Yaws, 1999 :
ρ = A*B^-(1-T/Tc)^n
Komponen A B n Tc ρ(kg/m3)
C3H4O2(l) 0.3465 0.2582 0.3070 615.00 952.874
CH3OH (l) 0.2720 0.2719 0.2331 512.58 706.956
H2O(l) 0.3471 0.2740 0.2857 647.13 951.804
Na2SO4(l) 0.2614 0.1000 0.2857 3,700.00 2,438.330

C3H4O2(l) 14.6916 952.874 0.0154
CH3OH (l) 5.5340 706.956 0.0078
H2O(l) 3,113.9703 951.804 3.2717

Na2SO4(l) 1,144.0303 2,438.330 0.4692
Total 4,278.226 3.7641

ρl =
4,278.226 kg/jam
=
3.7641 m3/jam
= 1136.5918 kg/m3
Tegangan Muka
𝜏=∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖〖𝑋𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎〗 _𝑖 𝜏_𝑖 〗
ket :
Xmassa = Fraksi massa indeks
i = Komponen
Komponen kg/jam Xmassa τ Xmassa . τ
C3H4O2(l) 14.6916 0.0034 30.0650 0.1032
CH3OH (l) 5.534 0.0013 21.4030 0.0277
H2O(l) 3,113.9703 0.7279 53.4974 38.9389
Na2SO4(l) 1,144.0303 0.2674 66.5547 17.7972
Total 4,278.226 1.000 171.520 56.8670
Parameter Flooding
𝐹𝑙𝑣=𝐿/𝑉 (𝜌_𝑔/𝜌_𝑙 )^0,5
(Towler. G, Ray Sinnot, Chemical Engineering Design, Elsevier, San Diego, 2008, hal 720)
Ket :
L = Kecepatan massa fase cair (kg/jam)
V = Kecepatan massa fase gas (kg/jam)
4,278.226 kg/jam 0.8429 kg/m3

Flv = × ( )0,5
2,653.087 kg/jam 1136.6 kg/m 3
= 0.04391
Parameter kecepatan flooding diperoleh dari fig. 11.29 :
Dicoba jarak antar plate (tray spacing) adalah =0.3 m

Dari Figure 11.29 diatas, diperoleh K1 = 0.063 m/s
Kecepatan Uap Maksimum

𝑈𝑓=𝐾_1 ((𝜌_𝑙−𝜌_𝑔)/𝜌_𝑔 )^0,5 (𝜏/(20 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒/𝑐𝑚))^0,2
Merupakan adaptasi dari persamaan 11,81. Towler, dan Sinnot, halaman 720
Ket :
K1 = Parameter kecepatan flooding (m/s)
Uf = Kecepatan uap maksimum (m/s)
1136.59 kg/m3 - 0.843 kg/m3 56.867 dyne/cm

Uf = 0.063 m/s ( )0,5( )0,2
0.843 kg/m3 20 dyne/cm
= 2.85011 m/s
Kecepatan Volume Uap

Kecepatan massa uap
Quap =
Rapat massa uap
2,653.087 kg/jam × jam/3600 s
=
0.8429 kg/m3
= 0.87433 m3/s
Luas Penampang menara :

Sieve tray, dapat digambarkan dibawah ini.
Luasan yang ditempati oleh Downcomer berkisar 10 - 20% dari luasan menara
Dirancang : Downcomer menempati 20% dari luas total
Kecepatan Operasi Uap

Berkisar antara 60 - 80% kecepatan linier maksimum (Towler and Sinnot, hal. 720)
Dirancang : 80% kecepatan minimum
Uop = 80% × 2.85011 m/s
= 2.280 m/s
Luas Area
Net Area (An)
Quap 0.874 m3/s
An = =
80% Uop 80% 2.280 m/s
= 0.47933 m2
ket :
An = Luas penampang (m2)
Quap = Kecepatan volume uap (m3/s)
Uop = Kecepatan linier uap (m/s)
Luas Downcomer (At) adalah 20% dari luar total

An
At =
1 − 0,2
0.47933 m2
=
1 − 0,2
= 0.59916 m2
Diameter Menara
𝐷𝑡=√((4×𝐴𝑡)/𝜋)
4 × 0.59916 m2
= ( )0,5
3.14
= 0.87365 m
Perancangan Plate
Luas downcomer (Ad) = 20% × At
= 20% × 0.59916 m2
= 0.11983 m2
Luas area aktif (Aa) = At − 2 × Ad
= 0.59916 m2 − 2 × 0.11983 m2
= 0.3595 m2
Luas hole area (Ah) = 5% × Aa
= 0.05 × 0.3595 m2
= 0.01797 m2
Dengan demikian, maka diambil diameter menara atas dikarenakan diameter yang paling
besar dengan spesifikasi sebagai berikut :
Luas downcomer (Ad) = 0.19062 m2
Luas area aktif (Aa) = 0.57187 m2
Luas hole area (Ah) = 0.02859 m2
16. Evaluasi Seksi Rectifying (Menara Atas)

Tekanan : Ptotal = 1.01367 bar
Suhu uap, Tdew = 337.7628 K
a. Perancangan Plate (Tray)
Data lubang perforated dan tebal tray :
Diameter lubang perforated berkisar antara 1/16 − 1 in dan tebal tray berkisar antara
12 − 16 Gage (Kister, H.Z., 1991, halaman 146-148)
Dipilih diameter lubang perforated, D0 = 3/16 in = 5 mm =0.005 m
Tebal tray dipilih 12 Gag = 5 mm (Towler and Sinnot, 2008, Chemical Engineering
Design Principles, New York : Mc Graw Hill, halaman 727)
Lubang perforated disusun secara triangular dengan pitch = 4 D0
Pitch berkisar antara 2 − 4 D0 (Towler and Sinnot, halaman 727)
3 0.0254 m
D0 = in × = 0.00476 m
16 1 in
Pitch = 4 × D0 = 4 × 0.00476 m = 0.01905 m
Luas lubang perforated total/hole area (Ah)

D0 m
Ah = Aa × ( )2
Pitch m
0.00476 m
= 0.57187 m2 × ( )2
0.01905 m
= 0.03574 m2
Ah = Luas lubang perforated total (m 2)

D0 = Diameter lubang perforated (m)
Pitch = Jarak antar 2 lubang perforated (m)
Mencari Panjang dan Tinggi Weir

Berdasarkan literatur, panjang Weir normalnya berkisar antara 0,6 - 0,85 dari diameter
column (Dc), maka dipilih 0,75 (Coulson & Richardson, 1999)
Lweir = 0.75 × Dc
= 0.75 × 1.1019 m
= 0.82642 m
Untuk kolom yang beroperasi diatas tekanan atmosferik, tinggi Weir normalnya berada
pada kisaran 40 - 90 mm
Dipilih :Tinggi Weir (hw) = 40 mm = 0.04 m
b. Check Weeping
Maximum liquid rate = 2,194.770 kg/jam
3600 detik/jam
= 0.6097 kg/detik
Minimum liquid rate = 0.8 × 0.6097 kg/detik
= 0.4877 kg/detik
Lweir = 0.8264 m
Maximum how :
Lw
how max = 750 ( )2/3
ρL × Lweir
0.6097
= 750 ( )2/3
750.3 × 0.8264
= 7.41617 mm
= 0.00742 m
Minimum how :
Lw
how min = 750 ( )2/3
ρL × Lweir
0.4877
= 750 ( )2/3
750.3 × 0.8264
= 6.39106 mm
= 0.00639 m
Pada kecepatan minimum = hw + how = 40 + 6.39106 mm

= 46.3911 mm
Berdasarkan figure 11.32 (Coulson & Richardson), diperoleh harga K 2 = 29.85
Dari persamaan 11.84 (Towler and Sinnot) :

( K2 − 0.9 ( 25.4 − dh ))
Uh =
(ρV)0,5
( 29.85 − 0.9 ( 25.4 − 5 ))
=
1.1684 0.5
= 10.630 m/detik
ket :
Uh = Vapor velocity through the holes (m/s)
dh = Hole diameter (mm)
K2 = Konstanta
Kecepatan volume minimum uap = 0.8 × Qv

= 0.8 × 0.85499 m3/detik
= 0.6840 m3/detik
Aktual minimum vapor velocity = Min. Vapor Rate / Ah
= 0.6840 m3/detik / 0.02859 m2
= 23.921 m/detik
Maka kecepatan aktual uap minimum > weep point
c. Pressure Drop (ΔHT)

∆𝐻𝑇=ℎ𝑜+𝛽(ℎ𝑜+ℎ𝑜𝑤+∆/2)+ℎ𝜏
Van Winkle, M, Distillation, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1967, halaman 507
ΔHT = Pressure drop total (m)

ho = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi lubang perforated (m)
how = Tinggi cairan diatas weir (m)
hτ = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan permukaan (m)
β = Faktor aerasi
Δ = Kemiringan ketinggian cairan diatas tray
Pressure drop untuk mengatasi lubang perforated

ℎ𝑜=0,186(𝑈ℎ/𝐶𝑜)^2 𝜌𝑣/𝜌𝑙
Van Winkle, halaman 519

ket :
Co = Koefisien uap lewat lubang perforated
Uh = Kecepatan linier uap melewati lubang perforated (ft/s)
ρv = Rapat massa uap (kg/m3)
ρl = Rapat massa cair (kg/m3)
Kecepatan volume uap pada puncak menara, Qv = 0.85499 m3/s

0.85499 m3/s
Uh =
0.03574 m2
= 23.921 m/s
= 78.481 ft/s
Koefisien perforated Co, diperoleh dengan bantuan figure 11.36 (Towler and Sinnot)
Tebal Plate = 5 mm
D0 = 5 mm
Tebal plate 5 mm
= = 1
D0 5 mm
Hole area 0.02859 m2
= × 100% = 5.0 %
Net area 0.57187 m2
Diperoleh harga C0 = 0.805

78.481 ft/s 1.1684 kg/m3
ho = 0.186 × ( )2 ×
0.805 ft/s 750.26 kg/m3
= 0.186 in × 9504.78 × 0.00156
= 2.75314 in
= 0.0699 m
Faktor Aerasi
Diperoleh dengan bantuan figure 13.16, Van Winkle, Distillation , halaman 516, tentang
hubungan antara UV (ρV)0,5 dengan β :
FV0 = UV (ρV)0,5
UV = QV / Aa
ket :
UV = Kecepatan supervisial uap (ft/s)
ρV = Rapat massa uap (lb/ft3)
QV = Laju alir uap (m3/s)
Aa = Luas aktif area (m2)
Kecepatan Supervisial Uap :
0.85499 m3/s
UV =
0.57187 m2
= 1.49507 m/s = 4.90509 ft/s
1.1684 kg/m3
ρV =
(1 lb / 0,454 kg) × (0,3048 m / 1 ft)3
= 0.0729 lb/ft3
FV0 = UV (ρV)0,5
= 4.9051 ft/s × ( 0.0729 lb/ft3 )0,5
= 1.3247 lb0,5 ft0,5 s
Diperoleh harga β = 0.6

Kemiringan cairan diatas tray (Δ), maka kemiringan Δ dapat diabaikan (Δ = 0)
Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.22 (Van Winkle, halaman 521)
0.04 × τ 0.04 × 27.3801
hτ = =
ρl × D0 46.84 × 0.1875
= 0.12471 in
= 0.00317 m
ket :
hτ = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan muka (in)
D0 = Diameter lubang perforated (in)
ρl = Rapat massa cairan (lb/ft3)
Total Pressure Drop :

= 0.0699 m + 0.6 × ( 0.0699 m + 0.00742 m + 0 ) + 0.00317 m

= 0.11951 m
Plate Pressure Drop :

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan,
∆𝑃𝑡=∆𝐻𝑡×𝜌𝑙×𝑔
= 0.11951 m × 750.26 kg/m3 × 9.8 m/s2
= 878.6630 Pa
= 0.0088 bar / tray
= 6.5905 mmHg / tray
17. Evaluasi Seksi Stripping (Menara Bawah)

Tekanan : Ptotal = 1.1061 bar
Suhu uap, Tdew = 376.911 K
Suhu didih, Tbbl = 376.911 K
a. Perancangan Plate (Tray)
Data lubang perforated dan tebal tray :
Diameter lubang perforated berkisar antara 1/16 − 1 in dan tebal tray berkisar antara
12 − 16 Gage (Kister, H.Z., 1991, halaman 146-148)
Dipilih diameter lubang perforated, D0 = 3/16 in = 5 mm =0.005 m
Tebal tray dipilih 12 Gag = 5 mm (Towler and Sinnot, 2008, Chemical Engineering
Design Principles, New York : Mc Graw Hill, halaman 727)
Lubang perforated disusun secara triangular dengan pitch = 4 D0
Pitch berkisar antara 2 − 4 D0 (Towler and Sinnot, halaman 727)
3 0.0254 m
D0 = in × = 0.00476 m
16 1 in
Pitch = 4 × D0 = 4 × 0.00476 m = 0.01905 m
Luas lubang perforated total/hole area (Ah)

D0 m
Ah = Aa × ( )2
Pitch m
0.00476 m
= 0.57187 m2 × ( )2
0.01905 m
= 0.03574 m2
Ah = Luas lubang perforated total (m 2)

D0 = Diameter lubang perforated (m)
Pitch = Jarak antar 2 lubang perforated (m)
Mencari Panjang dan Tinggi Weir

Berdasarkan literatur, panjang Weir normalnya berkisar antara 0,6 - 0,85 dari diameter
column (Dc), maka dipilih 0,75 (Coulson & Richardson, 1999)
Lweir = 0.75 × Dc
= 0.75 × 1.1019 m
= 0.82642 m
Untuk kolom yang beroperasi diatas tekanan atmosferik, tinggi Weir normalnya berada
pada kisaran 40 - 90 mm
Dipilih :Tinggi Weir (hw) = 50 mm = 0.05 m
b. Check Weeping
Maximum liquid rate = 4,278.226 kg/jam

3600 detik/jam
= 1.1884 kg/detik
Minimum liquid rate = 0.8 × 1.1884 kg/detik
= 0.9507 kg/detik
Lweir = 0.8264 m
Maximum how :
Lw
how max = 750 ( )2/3
ρL × Lweir
1.1884
= 750 ( )2/3
1136.6 × 0.8264
= 8.77337 mm
= 0.00877 m
Minimum how :
Lw
how min = 750 ( )2/3
ρL × Lweir
0.9507
= 750 ( )2/3
1136.6 × 0.9507
= 6.88639 mm
= 0.00689 m
Pada kecepatan minimum = hw + how = 50 + 6.88639 mm

= 56.8864 mm
Berdasarkan figure 11.32 (Coulson & Richardson), diperoleh harga K 2 = 30.25
Dari persamaan 11.84 (Towler and Sinnot) :

( K2 − 0.9 ( 25.4 − dh ))
Uh =
(ρV)0,5
( 30.25 − 0.9 ( 25.4 − 5 ))
=
0.8429 0.5
= 12.951 m/detik
ket :
Uh = Vapor velocity through the holes (m/s)
dh = Hole diameter (mm)
K2 = Konstanta
Kecepatan volume minimum uap = 0.8 × Qv

= 0.8 × 0.87433 m3/detik
= 0.6995 m3/detik
Aktual minimum vapor velocity = Min. Vapor Rate / Ah
= 0.6995 m3/detik / 0.02859 m2
= 24.462 m/detik
Maka kecepatan aktual uap minimum > weep point
c. Pressure Drop (ΔHT)

Van Winkle, M, Distillation, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1967, halaman 507
ΔHT = Pressure drop total (m)

ho = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi lubang perforated (m)
how = Tinggi cairan diatas weir (m)
hτ = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan permukaan (m)
β = Faktor aerasi
Δ = Kemiringan ketinggian cairan diatas tray
Pressure drop untuk mengatasi lubang perforated

ℎ𝑜=0,186(𝑈ℎ/𝐶𝑜)^2 𝜌𝑣/𝜌𝑙
Van Winkle, halaman 519

ket :
Co = Koefisien uap lewat lubang perforated
Uh = Kecepatan linier uap melewati lubang perforated (ft/s)
ρv = Rapat massa uap (kg/m3)
ρl = Rapat massa cair (kg/m3)
Kecepatan volume uap pada bawah menara, Qv = 0.87433 m3/s

0.87433 m3/s
Uh =
0.03574 m2
= 24.462 m/s
= 80.257 ft/s
Koefisien perforated Co, diperoleh dengan bantuan figure 11.36 (Towler and Sinnot)
Tebal Plate = 5 mm
D0 = 5 mm
Tebal plate 5 mm
= = 1
D0 5 mm
Hole area 0.02859 m2
= × 100% = 5.0 %
Net area 0.57187 m2
Diperoleh harga C0 = 0.805

80.257 ft/s 0.8429 kg/m3
ho = 0.186 × ( ) 2
×
0.805 ft/s 1136.59 kg/m3
= 0.186 in × 9939.82 × 0.00074
= 1.37107 in
= 0.0348 m
Faktor Aerasi
Diperoleh dengan bantuan figure 13.16, Van Winkle, Distillation , halaman 516, tentang
hubungan antara UV (ρV)0,5 dengan β :
FV0 = UV (ρV)0,5
UV = QV / Aa
ket :
UV = Kecepatan supervisial uap (ft/s)
ρV = Rapat massa uap (lb/ft3)
QV = Laju alir uap (m3/s)
Aa = Luas aktif area (m2)
Kecepatan Supervisial Uap :

0.87433 m3/s
UV =
0.57187 m2
= 1.5289 m/s = 5.01609 ft/s
0.8429 kg/m3
ρV =
(1 lb / 0,454 kg) × (0,3048 m / 1 ft)3
= 0.0526 lb/ft3
FV0 = UV (ρV)0,5
= 5.0161 ft/s × ( 0.0526 lb/ft3 )0,5
= 1.1506 lb0,5 ft0,5 s
Diperoleh harga β = 0.62

Kemiringan cairan diatas tray (Δ), maka kemiringan Δ dapat diabaikan (Δ = 0)
Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.22 (Van Winkle, halaman 521)
0.04 × τ 0.04 × 54.020
hτ = =
ρl × D0 70.96 × 0.1875
= 0.16242 in
= 0.00413 m
ket :
hτ = Pressure drop untuk mengatasi tegangan muka (in)
D0 = Diameter lubang perforated (in)
ρl = Rapat massa cairan (lb/ft3)
Total Pressure Drop :

= 0.0348 m + 0.6 × ( 0.0348 m + 0.00877 m + 0 ) + 0.00413 m

= 0.0660 m
Plate Pressure Drop :

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan,
∆𝑃𝑡=∆𝐻𝑡×𝜌𝑙×𝑔
= 0.06598 m × 1136.59 kg/m3 × 9.8 m/s2
= 734.9425 Pa
= 0.0073 bar / tray
= 5.5125 mmHg / tray
18. Koreksi Kondisi Operasi Menara

Tekanan Puncak, Ppuncak = 1.0004 atm = 760.313 mmHg
Suhu Puncak, Tpuncak = 64.763 ℃ = 337.76 K
Tekanan Umpan, Pumpan = Tekanan Puncak + ΔP Rectifying
= 1.0004 atm + 0,0088 atm/tray × 21 tray
= 1.0004 atm + 0.1845 atm

= 1.1849 atm
= 900.55 mmHg
Suhu Umpan, Tumpan = 85.786 ℃ = 358.79 K

Menggunakan trial dan error pada suhu umpan agar ∑yi = ∑xi × ki
Komponen F Xi P° K Yi
C3H4O2(l) 0.0775 0.0007 1.021.E+02 1.134.E-01 0.0001
CH3OH (l) 43.7950 0.3884 1.650.E+03 1.833.E+00 0.7118
H2O(l) 65.8324 0.5838 4.445.E+02 4.936.E-01 0.2882
Na2SO4(l) 3.0604 0.0271 1.956.E-36 2.172.E-39 0.0000
Total 112.7653 1.000 2,197.041 2.4397 1.000
Tekanan Bawah, Pbawah = Tekanan Umpan + ΔP Stripping

= 1.1849 atm + 0,0088 atm/tray × 26 tray
= 1.1849 atm + 0.2285 atm
= 1.4134 atm
= 1,074.2 mmHg
Suhu Bawah, Tbawah = 111.48 ℃ = 384.48 K
Menggunakan trial dan error pada suhu bawah agar ∑yi = ∑xi × ki
Komponen F Xi P° K Yi
C3H4O2(l) 0.0775 0.0011 2.868.E+02 2.670.E-01 0.0003
CH3OH (l) 0.0657 0.0010 3.735.E+03 3.477.E+00 0.0033
H2O(l) 65.7157 0.9535 1.122.E+03 1.045.E+00 0.9963
Na2SO4(l) 3.0604 0.0444 1.480.E-33 1.378.E-36 0.0000
Total 68.9192 1.000 5,143.8905 4.7887 1.000
19. Desain Menara Distilasi

Digunakan bahan Stainless Steel SA 167 tipe 316 (Brownell & Young, 1959, halaman 342)
Tekanan Design, PDesign = Tekanan operasi × 1,2
= 1.0917 atm × 1.2
= 1.3100 atm
= 19.252 psi
Allowable Stress (f) = 18,750 psi
Effisiensi Sambungan (e) = 0.8
Faktor Korosi (c) = 0.125 in
Diameter menara (Dc) = 1.1019 m

Jari-jari menara (ri) = 0.5509 m
= 21.6907 in
a. Menentukan Tebal Shell

Digunakan bahan Stailess Stell SA 167 type 316
Tebal Shell :
P × ri
tshell = + c
(f × e) − (0,6 × P)
19.252 psi × 21.6907 in
= + 0.125 in
18,750 psi × 0.8 − 0.6 × 19.252 psi
= 0.15286 in
Dipilih tebal shell standar yaitu 3 / 16 in 0.1875 in
OD standar = 54 in
ID standar = OD standar - (2 × tshell)
= 54 in − ( 2 × 0.1875 in )
= 54 in − 0.375 in
= 53.625 in
b. Menentukan Tebal Head

Bentuk Head : Torispherical flanged and dished head, karena tekanan < 15 bar. Dari tabel
5.7. (Brownell & Young, 1959, hal. 90)
Didapatkan data tebal head sebagai berikut :

icr = 3.25 in
rc = 54 in
Tebal head dihitung menggunakan persamaan 13.12. Brownell & Young, 1959, hal. 258
0,885 × P × rc
thead = + c
(f × e) − (0,1 × P)
0.885 × 19.252 psi × 54 in

= + 0.125 in
18,750 psi × 0.8 − 0.1 × 19.252 psi
= 0.18634 in
Dipilih tebal head standar yaitu 3 / 16 in 0.1875 in
c. Menentukan Tinggi Head

Keterangan :
r = Radius of Dish
a = Inside Radius
sebesar :
thead = 0.1875 in
1 ( 1 )/2 ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑔𝑎 2 𝑖𝑛
sf =
( 𝐼𝐷 )/2 53.63
a = = = 26.8125 in
2
= 26.8125 in − 3.25 in
= 23.5625 in
= 54.00 in − 3.25 in
= 50.75 in
AC √( 〖
= (𝐵𝐶) 〗^2− 〖(𝐴𝐵) 〗^2 )
= (50,75) 〗^2− 〖(23,563) 〗^2 )
√( 〖
= 44.949 in
b = 𝑟−𝐴𝐶
= 54.00 in − 44.949 in
= 9.051 in
= 0.188 in + 9.051 in + 2.00 in
= 11.239 in
= 0.9366 ft
= 0.2855 m
d. Menentukan Tinggi Menara Distilasi

Ht = H1 + H2 + H3 + H4
Ket :
Ht = Tinggi total (m)
H1 = Tinggi penyangga (m)
H2 = Tinggi ruang kosong bawah (m)
H3 = Tinggi tray (m)
H4 = Tinggi ruang kosong atas (m)
Dirancang, Tinggi penyangga (H1) = 2 m

Tinggi Ruang Kosong Bawah (H2)
Dihitung berdasarkan Kister, H.Z., Distillation Operation, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1991
halaman 84
Sketsa :
Untuk menghitung tinggi ruang kosong bawah, maka perlu dihitung tinggi cairan dan
diameter pipa.
Tinggi cairan dihitung menggunakan persamaan :
At = Luas penampang menara (m2)

Hl = Tinggi cairan (m)
Ll = Kecepatan volume cairan (m3/s)
Vl = Volume cairan (m3)
θ = Waktu tinggal cairan (s)
Waktu tinggal cairan :

Diprediksi berdasarkan Kister, H.Z., Distillation Operations, Mc Graw Hill. New York,
1991, halaman 93.
Diperoleh waktu tinggal, θ = 2 menit
L1 = 4,278.226 kg/jam
ρl = 1,136.592 kg/m3
4,278.226 kg/jam × Jam/60 menit

Vl = × 2 menit = 0.12547 m3
1,136.592 kg/m 3
0.1255 m3
Hl = = 0.13164 m
0.9531 m2
Diameter Nozle Untuk Uap

√((4×𝐴𝑝)/𝜋)
Dnozle =
ket :
Ap = Luas penampang pipa nozle (m2)
Dnozle = Diameter pipa nozle (m)
Adapun luas penampang pipa nozle dihitung menggunakan persamaan :

Qv
Ap =
Vlin
ket :
Qv = Kecepatan uap (m3/s)
Vlin = Kecepatan linear fluida masuk dalam nozle (m/s)
Kecepatan Linear Fluida

Dihitung menggunakan persamaan : Kister, H.Z., Distilation Operations, 1911, halaman 86
√(4000/𝜌𝑚)
Vlin =
ket :
Vlin = Kecepatan linear fluida masuk dalam nozle (ft/s)
ρm = Rapat massa campuran (lb/ft3)
Rapat Massa Campuran

100%
ρm =
% uap / ρv + % cair / ρl
ket :
ρv = Rapat massa uap (lb/ft3)
ρl = Rapat massa cair (lb/ft3)
ρm = Rapat massa campuran (lb/ft3)
Dikarenakan fluida yang mengalir dalam nozzle merupakan uap yang berasal dari reboiler,
maka % cair = 0% dan % uap = 100%
ρv = 0.8429 kg/m3
= 0.0526 lb/ft3
100%
ρm =
100% × 0.0526 lb/ft3 + 0% × 70.96 lb/ft3
= 0.05262 lb/ft3
4000
Vlin = ( )0,5
0.05262
= 275.711 ft/s
= 84.0368 m/s
0.87433 m3/s
Ap =
84.0368 m/s
= 0.0104 m2
4 × 0.0104 m2
Dnozle = ( )0,5
3.14
= 0.11512 m
= 4.53248 in
Pipa Nozzle Standar

Dipilih berdasarkan tabel 13, Peters. M.S, K.D. Timmerhaus, Plant Design And Economic
for Chemical Engineers, Ed. 4, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1991, halaman 888
Dirancang :
8 in NPS, Sch.
Diameter luar pipa, OD :
= 8.625 in
= 0.21908 m
Diameter dalam pipa, ID :

= 7.981 in
= 0.20272 m
Maka tinggi ruang kosong bawah :

H2 = 0.13164 m + ( 18 in + 12 in ) × ( 0.0254 m/in )
+ 0.21908 m
= 1.11272 m
Tinggi Tray (H3)
H3 = (n tray - 1) × jarak antar tray
Seksi Rectifying = 21 plate

H3 = ( 21 − 1 ) × 0.3 m = 6.0 m
Seksi Stripping = 26 plate
H3 = ( 26 − 1 ) × 0.3 m = 7.5 m
Tinggi Ruang Kosong Atas (H4)

Tinggi ruang kosong atas dirancang (H4) = 1.0 m
Tinggi Total Menara Distilasi :

Ht = H1 + H2 + H3 + H4
= 2 m + 1.113 m + 13.50 m + 1.0 m + 0.285 m

= 17.898 m
e. Menentukan Ukuran Pipa

Diameter optimum pipa berdasarkan pers. 15, Peters & Timmerhaus, halaman 496.
G
Dopt = 3.9 × ( )0,45 × ρ-0,31
1000
ket :
DOpt = Diameter optimum pipa (in)
G = Fluid flow rate (ft3/jam)
ρ = Fluid density (lb/ft)
Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Umpan Menara Distilasi :
Kecepatan umpan = 6,672.46 lb/jam

Densitas umpan = 57.0349 lb/ft3
DOpt = 5.4162 in
Dipilih Dopt standar = 6.065 in
Doutside standar = 6.625 in
Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Refluks Menara Distilasi :

Kecepatan refluks = 4,838.63 lb/jam
Densitas refluks = 46.8370 lb/ft3
DOpt = 4.8085 in
Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Uap Reboiler :
Kecepatan uap = 5,849.05 lb/jam
Densitas uap = 0.0526 lb/ft3
DOpt = 12.6620 in
Doutside standar = 14 in
Ukuran Pipa Pengeluaran Uap Puncak Menara Distilasi :

Kecepatan uap = 7,928.27 lb/jam
Densitas uap = 0.0729 lb/ft3
DOpt = 13.9159 in
Doutside standar = 16 in
Ukuran Pipa Pengeluaran Cairan Dasar Menara Distilasi :

Kecepatan cairan = 9,431.86 lb/jam
Densitas cairan = 70.9551 lb/ft3
DOpt = 6.1518 in
20. Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi

QF + QReb - QDis - QBot - QKond = 0
ket :
QF = Panas yang dibawa oleh umpan (kJ/jam)
QReb = Beban panas reboiler (kJ/jam)
QDis = Bebas panas distilat (kJ/jam)
QBot = Beban panas bottom (kJ/jam)
QKond = Beban pana kondensor (kJ/jam)
Kapasitas Panas Fase Cair

𝑄=∑▒𝑛_𝑖 ∫24_354^298▒ 〖
𝐶𝑝 〗_𝑖 𝑑𝑇
∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖
𝐶𝑝〗_𝑖 𝑑𝑇=∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖(𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3) 〗𝑑𝑇
=𝐴(𝑇−𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓 )+𝐵/2 (𝑇^2− 〖

𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^2 )+𝐶/3 (𝑇^3− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )
Data diperoleh dari Yaws, C.L., Chemical Properties Handbook, 1999.

Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) Fase Cair :
Komponen
A B C D
C3H4O2 -18.242 1.2106.E+00 -3.1160.E-03 3.1409.E-06

CH3OH 40.152 3.1046.E-01 -1.0291.E-03 1.4598.E-06
H2O 92.053 -3.9953.E-02 -2.1103.E-04 5.3469.E-07
Na2SO4 233.515 -9.5276.E-03 -3.4665.E-05 1.5771.E-08
Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) Fase Gas :

Komponen
A B C D E
C3H4O2 7.755 2.9386.E-01 -2.0878.E-04 7.1591.E-08 -9.0960.E-12
CH3OH 40.046 -3.8287.E-02 2.4529.E-04 -2.1679.E-07 5.9909.E-11
H2O 33.933 -8.4186.E-03 2.9906.E-05 -1.7825.E-08 3.6934.E-12
Na2SO4 23.349 4.0133.E-01 -5.0787.E-04 2.9884.E-07 -6.6688.E-11
Panas Laten Pengembunan / Penguapan

𝐻𝑉=𝐴× 〖 (1−𝑇/𝑇𝑐) 〗 ^𝑛
ket :
A = Konstanta
HV = Panas laten (kJ/mol)
Tc = Suhu kritis (K)
Data Konstanta Panas Penguapan :

HV = A × (1-T/Tc)n
Komponen
A Tc n
C3H4O2 62.977 615 0.351
CH3OH 52.723 512.58 0.377
H2O 52.053 647.13 0.321
Na2SO4 281.536 2820 0.38
a. Panas yang dibawa oleh umpan

∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖
=𝐴(𝑇−𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓 )+𝐵/2 (𝑇^2− 〖

𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^2 )+𝐶/3 (𝑇^3− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )
Data Suhu :
T = 81.10 ℃ = 354.1 K
TRef = 25.00 ℃ = 298.0 K
Sehingga diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut :

Mol Cpi QF = Mol .CPi
Komponen
kmol/jam kJ/kmol kJ/jam
C3H4O2 0.0775 8,643.50 669.97
CH3OH 43.7950 4,638.27 203,132.73
H2O 65.8324 4,219.08 277,752.65
Na2SO4 3.0604 12,749.44 39,018.20
Total 112.7653 520,573.55
b. Panas yang dibawa oleh distilat

∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖
𝐶𝑝〗_𝑖 𝑑𝑇=∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖(𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4) 〗𝑑𝑇
=𝐴(𝑇−𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓 )+𝐵/2 (𝑇^2− 〖

𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^2 )+𝐶/3 (𝑇^3− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )+𝐸/5 (𝑇^5− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^
Data Suhu :
T = 64.76 ℃ = 337.8 K
TRef = 25.00 ℃ = 298.0 K

Mol Cpi QDis = Mol .CPi
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,270.82 0.00
CH3OH 43.7293 1,841.79 80,540.22
H2O 0.1168 1,341.84 156.71
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,313.80 0.00
Total 43.8461 80,696.93
c. Panas yang dibawa oleh bottom

∫24_(𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓)^𝑇▒ 〖
=𝐴(𝑇−𝑇_𝑅𝑒𝑓 )+𝐵/2 (𝑇^2− 〖

𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^2 )+𝐶/3 (𝑇^3− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )
Data Suhu :
T = 103.91 ℃ = 376.9 K
TRef = 25.00 ℃ = 298.0 K

Mol Cpi QF = Mol .CPi
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.0775 12,323.96 955.24
CH3OH 0.0657 6,633.16 435.75
H2O 65.7157 5,938.67 390,263.84
Na2SO4 3.0604 17,908.75 54,807.66
Total 68.9192 446,462.49
d. Beban Panas Reboiler

QReboiler = QSensibel + QLaten
Beban Panas Sensibel :
𝑄_𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑒𝑙=∑▒ 〖
𝐿 _𝑖 〖
𝐶𝑝 〗_𝑖 (𝑡_2−𝑡_1) 〗

Li Cpi dT QSensibel
Komponen
C3H4O2 0.2041 3,680.45 751.00
CH3OH 0.1729 1,994.89 344.99
H2O 172.9983 1,719.59 297,486.05
Na2SO4 8.0566 5,159.30 41,566.20
Total 181.4319 12,554.2368 340,148.24
Beban Panas Laten :
𝑄_𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛=∑▒ 〖
𝑉 _𝑖 〖
𝐻𝑉𝐴𝑃〗_𝑖 〗
Vi HVAPi QLaten
Komponen
kmol/jam kj/kmol kJ/jam
C3H4O2 0.1265 45.14 5.71
CH3OH 0.1072 31.94 3.43
H2O 107.2827 39.33 4,219.18
Na2SO4 4.9962 266.60 1,331.97
Total 112.5126 383.0034 5,560.28
Maka beban panas pada Reboiler :

QReboiler = QSensibel + QLaten
= 340,148.24 + 5,560.28
= 345,708.53 kJ/jam
e. Beban Panas Kondensor

QKond QF + QReb - QDis - QBot
QKond = 520,573.55 + 345,708.53 - 80,696.93 - 446,462.49
= 339,122.66 kJ/jam
f. Neraca Panas disekitar Menara Ditilasi
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
kJ/jam kJ/jam
C3H4O2 669.97 955.24
CH3OH 203,132.73 80,975.97
H2O 277,752.65 390,420.55
Na2SO4 39,018.20 54,807.66
QKond 0.00 339,122.66
QReb 345,708.53 0.00
Total 866,282.07 866,282.07
KESIMPULAN MENARA DISTILASI 01 (MD − 01)
Fungsi : Memisahkan metanol dari produk samping berupa air, metanol, asam akrilat, dan
natrium sulfat.
Jenis Alat : Plate Tower (menara distilasi dengan Sieve Tray)
Kondisi Operasi :
○ Kondisi operasi umpan menara
- Suhu = 85.786 ºC = 358.79 K
- Tekanan = 1.185 atm = 900.55 mmHg
○ Kondisi operasi puncak menara
- Suhu = 64.763 ºC = 337.76 K
- Tekanan = 1.000 atm = 760.31 mmHg
○ Kondisi operasi dasar menara
- Suhu = 111.477 ºC = 384.48 K
- Tekanan = 1.413 atm = 1,074.17 mmHg
Jmlah Plate
- Jumlah plate minimum = 12 plate

- Jumlah plate teoritis = 27 plate
- Jumlah plate aktual = 47 plate
- Jumlah plate seksi rectifying = 21 plate
- Jumlah plate seksi stripping = 26 plate
- Efisiensi plate = 57.56 %
- Letak plate umpan = 21 dari atas
Dimensi Menara Distilasi

- Tinggi menara = 17.90 m
- Diameter menara = 1.102 m
- Tebal shell = 0.1875 in
- Tebal head = 0.1875 in
- Tinggi head = 0.2855 m

○ Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Umpan Menara Distilasi :
- Kecepatan umpan = 6,672.46 lb/jam
- Densitas umpan = 57.03 lb/ft3
- DOpt = 5.42 in
- Dipilih Dopt standar = 6.07 in
- Doutside standar = 6.63 in
○ Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Refluks Menara Distilasi :

- Kecepatan refluks = 4,838.63 lb/jam
- Densitas refluks = 46.84 lb/ft3
- DOpt = 4.81 in
○ Ukuran Pipa Pemasukan Uap Reboiler :

- Kecepatan uap = 5,849.05 lb/jam
- Densitas uap = 0.05 lb/ft3
- DOpt = 12.66 in
○ Ukuran Pipa Pengeluaran Uap Puncak Menara Distilasi :

- Kecepatan uap = 7,928.27 lb/jam
- Densitas uap = 0.07 lb/ft3
- DOpt = 13.92 in
○ Ukuran Pipa Pengeluaran Cairan Dasar Menara Distilasi :

- Kecepatan cairan = 9,431.86 lb/jam
- Densitas cairan = 70.96 lb/ft3
- DOpt = 6.15 in
PERHITUNGAN PLATE TO PLATE
1. Tekanan Uap Murni

Diperoleh dari Yaws, "Chemical Engineering Properties Handbook", 1999.
〖𝑙𝑜𝑔〗 _10 𝑃=𝐴+𝐵/𝑇+𝐶 〖 𝑙𝑜𝑔〗 _10

𝑇+𝐷𝑇+𝐸𝑇^2
Vapor Pressure (mmHg)

Tabel data nilai Antoine :
Komponen A B C D E
C3H4O2(l) 23.0607 -3.13E+03 -4.88E+00 4.36E-04 -4.92E-13
CH3OH (l) 45.6171 -3.24E+03 -1.40E+01 6.64E-03 -1.05E-13
H2O(l) 29.8605 -3.15E+03 -7.30E+00 2.42E-09 1.81E-06
Na2SO4(l) -2.2687 -1.51E+04 3.50E+00 -1.27E-03 1.77E-07
2. Kapasitas Panas Cair

Persamaan 〖: 〗_𝑙=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+ 〖
𝐶𝑝 𝐶𝑇 〗^2+ 〖
𝐷𝑇〗^3
ket : Cpl = Kapasitas panas fasa cair (J/mol.K)

T = Suhu (K)
Komponen
A B C D
C3H4O2 -18.242 1.2106.E+00 -3.1160.E-03 3.1409.E-06
CH3OH 40.152 3.1046.E-01 -1.0291.E-03 1.4598.E-06
H2O 92.053 -3.9953.E-02 -2.1103.E-04 5.3469.E-07
Na2SO4 233.515 -9.5276.E-03 -3.4665.E-05 1.5771.E-08
3. Kapasitas Panas Gas

Persamaan 〖
𝐶𝑝: 〗_𝑔=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+ 〖
𝐶𝑇 〗^2+ 〖
𝐷𝑇〗^3+ 〖
𝐸𝑇〗^4
ket : Cpg = Kapasitas panas fasa gas (J/mol.K)
T = Suhu (K)
Komponen
A B C D E
C3H4O2 7.755 2.9386.E-01 -2.0878.E-04 7.1591.E-08 -9.0960.E-12
CH3OH 40.046 -3.8287.E-02 2.4529.E-04 -2.1679.E-07 5.9909.E-11
H2O 33.933 -8.4186.E-03 2.9906.E-05 -1.7825.E-08 3.6934.E-12
Na2SO4 23.349 4.0133.E-01 -5.0787.E-04 2.9884.E-07 -6.6688.E-11
4. Perhitungan Menara Distilasi Plate-to-Plate
Perhitungan top-down, dengan asumsi semua zat terkondensasi total, sehingga :
Diketahui :
Pressure Drop = 0.0088 atm/plate
Reflux = 1.56608
Dirancang :
Jumlah Plate = 47 plate
Jumlah Plate Rectifying = 21 plate
Jumlah Plate Stripping = 26 plate
Plate Umpan = 21
Komposisi Feed
Suhu = 81.099 ℃ = 354.10 K
Tekanan = 1.000 atm = 760.1478 mmHg
Laju Alir
Komponen Fraksi Mol
Komponen Fraksi Mol

Kmol/jam Kg/jam
C3H4O2 0.0775 5.5808 0.0007
CH3OH 43.7950 1,401.4391 0.3884
H2O 65.8324 1,184.9840 0.5838
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0271
Total 112.7653 3,026.5786 1.0000
Komposisi Distillate
Suhu = 64.763 ℃ = 337.76 K
Tekanan = 1.000 atm = 760.3125 mmHg
Laju Alir
Komponen Fraksi Mol
Kmol/jam Kg/jam
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 43.7293 1,399.3370 0.9973
H2O 0.1168 2.1022 0.0027
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 43.8461 1,401.4391 1.0000
Komposisi Bottom
Suhu = 103.9110 ℃ = 376.9110 K
Tekanan = 1.0917 atm = 829.6611 mmHg
Laju Alir
Komponen Fraksi Mol
Kmol/jam Kg/jam
C3H4O2 0.0775 5.5808 0.0011
CH3OH 0.0657 2.1022 0.0010
H2O 65.7157 1,182.8818 0.9535
Na2SO4 3.0604 434.5747 0.0444
Total 68.9192 1,625.1395 1.0000
Komposisi Stage 1
Suhu = 64.9777 ℃ = 337.9777 K
Tekanan = 1.0090 atm = 766.8257 mmHg
Komponen YLi P0i Ki XLi = Yli × Ki

C3H4O2 0.0000 38.8052 0.0506 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9973 768.5367 1.0022 0.9996
H2O 0.0027 186.3157 0.2430 0.0006
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0002
LD = R × D
= 1.56608 × 43.85
= 68.6666
V1 = (R+1) × D
= 2.56608 × 43.85
= 112.513
STAGE 1
Kondisi Operasi Stage 1

Suhu = 64.9777 ℃ = 337.9777 K
Tekanan = 1.0090 atm = 766.8257 mmHg
L0
Y2 = ( ) × (X1 − X0) + Y1
V1
L0 68.6666
= = 0.6103
V1 112.513
Komponen X1 X0 Y1 Y2
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9973 0.9973 0.9987
H2O 0.0006 0.0027 0.0027 0.0014
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.0001
Dari perhitungan diatas, didapat :

Suhu = 65.1658 ℃ = 338.1658 K
Tekanan = 1.0178 atm = 773.5035 mmHg
Komponen Y2 P0i Ki X 2 = Y 2 × Ki
C3H4O2 0.0000 39.1699 0.0506 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 774.2370 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0014 187.8900 0.2429 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0001 1.0000
Neraca Panas Stage 1

H0L0 + H2V2 = H1L1 + H1V1
1. T = 64.7628 ℃ = 337.7628 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
Komponen XD HD HD . XD
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,270.82 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,841.79 1,840.98
H2O 0.0006 1,341.84 0.87
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,313.80 0.00
Total 1.000 10,768.24 1,841.85
2. T = 64.9777 ℃ = 337.9777 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
Komponen X1 H1 H1 . X1
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,289.26 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,852.00 1,851.19
H2O 0.0006 1,349.11 0.87
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,337.78 0.00
Total 1.000 10,828.16 1,852.06
3. T = 65.1658 ℃ = 338.1658 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
Komponen Y2 H2 H2 . Y2
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,130.46 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,286.05 3,281.76

H2O 0.0014 3,022.13 4.33
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,137.00 0.00
Total 1.000 21,575.63 3,286.09
H0L0 + H2V2 = H1L1 + H1V1

126,473.73 + 3,286.09 V2 = 1,852.06 L1 + 369,726.70
V3 = 0.56 L1 + 74.03
Neraca Massa Stage 1

L0 + V2 = L1 + V1
68.6665741 + 0.56 L1 + 74.03 = L1 + 112.51
-0.44 L1 = -30.18
L1 = 69.16
V2 = 113.00
L1 69.16
=
V2 113.00
= 0.61199
STAGE 2

Suhu = 65.1658 ℃ = 338.1658 K
Tekanan = 1.0178 atm = 773.5035 mmHg
L1
Y3 = ( ) × (X2 − X1) + Y2
V2
L1 69.16
= = 0.61199
V2 113.00
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0006 0.0014 0.0012

Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0001 1.0000

Suhu = 65.3836 ℃ = 338.3836 K
Tekanan = 1.0266 atm = 780.1813 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 39.5957 0.0508 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 780.8784 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 189.7262 0.2432 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H1L1 + H3V3 = H2L2 + H2V2
1. T = 65.1658 ℃ = 338.1658 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,305.42 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,860.95 1,860.28
H2O 0.0003 1,355.48 0.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,358.79 0.00
Total 1.000 10,880.64 1,860.75
2. T = 65.3836 ℃ = 338.3836 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,164.49 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,304.33 3,300.17
H2O 0.0012 3,038.48 3.80
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,186.42 0.00
Total 1.000 21,693.72 3,303.97
H1L1 + H3V3 = H2L2 + H2V2

128,080.58 + 3,303.97 V3 = 1,860.75 L2 + 371,333.55
V3 = 0.56 L2 + 73.62

L1 + V3 = L2 + V2
69.16 + 0.56 L2 + 73.62 = L2 + 113.00
-0.44 L2 = -29.78
L2 = 68.17
V3 = 112.02
L2 68.17
=
V3 112.02
= 0.60858
STAGE 3

Suhu = 65.3836 ℃ = 338.3836 K
Tekanan = 1.0266 atm = 780.1813 mmHg
L2
Y4 = ( ) × (X3 − X2) + Y3
V3
L2 68.17
= = 0.60858
V3 112.02
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 65.6015 ℃ = 338.6015 K
Tekanan = 1.0353 atm = 786.8592 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 40.0258 0.0509 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 787.5698 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 191.5783 0.2435 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H2L2 + H4V4 = H3L3 + H3V3
1. T = 65.3836 ℃ = 338.3836 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,324.13 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,871.31 1,870.62
H2O 0.0003 1,362.86 0.41
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,383.12 0.00
Total 1.000 10,941.41 1,871.04
2. T = 65.6015 ℃ = 338.6015 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,198.55 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,322.61 3,318.43
H2O 0.0012 3,054.84 3.74
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,235.86 0.00
Total 1.000 21,811.87 3,322.16
H2L2 + H4V4 = H3L3 + H3V3

126,851.07 + 3,322.16 V4 = 1,871.04 L3 + 370,104.05
V4 = 0.56 L3 + 73.22

L2 + V4 = L3 + V3
68.17 + 0.56 L3 + 73.22 = L3 + 112.02
-0.44 L3 = -29.38
L3 = 67.25
V4 = 111.10
L3 67.25
=
V4 111.10
= 0.60533
STAGE 4

Suhu = 65.6015 ℃ = 338.6015 K
Tekanan = 1.0353 atm = 786.8592 mmHg
L3
Y5 = ( ) × (X4 − X3) + Y4
V4
L3 67.25
= = 0.60533
= = 0.60533
V4 111.10
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 65.8175 ℃ = 338.8175 K
Tekanan = 1.0441 atm = 793.5370 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 40.4561 0.0510 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 794.2513 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 193.4299 0.2438 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H3L3 + H5V5 = H4L4 + H4V4
1. T = 65.6015 ℃ = 338.6015 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,342.86 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,881.67 1,881.00
H2O 0.0003 1,370.24 0.41
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,407.46 0.00
Total 1.000 11,002.22 1,881.40
2. T = 65.8175 ℃ = 338.8175 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,232.33 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,340.75 3,336.56
H2O 0.0012 3,071.06 3.74
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,284.88 0.00
Total 1.000 21,929.03 3,340.30
H3L3 + H5V5 = H4L4 + H4V4

125,828.53 + 3,340.30 V5 = 1,881.40 L4 + 369,081.50
V5 = 0.56 L4 + 72.82

L3 + V5 = L4 + V4
67.25 + 0.56 L4 + 72.82 = L4 + 111.10
-0.44 L4 = -28.98
L4 = 66.35
V5 = 110.19
L4 66.35
=
V5 110.19
= 0.6021
STAGE 5

Suhu = 65.8175 ℃ = 338.8175 K
Tekanan = 1.0441 atm = 793.5370 mmHg
L4
Y6 = ( ) × (X5 − X4) + Y5
Y6 = ( ) × (X5 − X4) + Y5
V5
L4 66.35
= = 0.6021
V5 110.19
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 66.0321 ℃ = 339.0321 K
Tekanan = 1.0529 atm = 800.2149 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 40.8876 0.0511 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 800.9347 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 195.2842 0.2440 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H4L4 + H6V6 = H5L5 + H5V5
1. T = 65.8175 ℃ = 338.8175 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,361.44 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,891.95 1,891.27
H2O 0.0003 1,377.55 0.41
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,431.60 0.00
Total 1.000 11,062.54 1,891.68
2. T = 66.0321 ℃ = 339.0321 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,265.90 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,358.78 3,354.56
H2O 0.0012 3,087.17 3.76

Na2SO4 0.0000 9,333.58 0.00
Total 1.000 22,045.42 3,358.32
H4L4 + H6V6 = H5L5 + H5V5

124,826.00 + 3,358.32 V6 = 1,891.68 L5 + 368,078.97
V6 = 0.56 L5 + 72.43

L4 + V6 = L5 + V5
66.35 + 0.56 L5 + 72.43 = L5 + 110.19
-0.44 L5 = -28.59
L5 = 65.46
V6 = 109.30
L5 65.46
=
V6 109.30
= 0.59886
STAGE 6

Suhu = 66.0321 ℃ = 339.0321 K
Tekanan = 1.0529 atm = 800.2149 mmHg

L5
Y7 = ( ) × (X6 − X5) + Y6
V6
L5 65.46
= = 0.59886
V6 109.30
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 66.2452 ℃ = 339.2452 K
Tekanan = 1.0617 atm = 806.8927 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 41.3200 0.0512 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 807.6184 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 197.1406 0.2443 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H5L5 + H7V7 = H6L6 + H6V6
1. T = 66.0321 ℃ = 339.0321 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,379.90 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,902.16 1,901.48
H2O 0.0003 1,384.82 0.41
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,455.58 0.00
Total 1.000 11,122.47 1,901.89
2. T = 66.2452 ℃ = 339.2452 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,299.24 0.00

CH3OH 0.9987 3,376.68 3,372.44
H2O 0.0012 3,103.17 3.78
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,381.94 0.00
Total 1.000 22,161.03 3,376.23
H5L5 + H7V7 = H6L6 + H6V6

123,826.13 + 3,376.23 V7 = 1,901.89 L6 + 367,079.11
V7 = 0.56 L5 + 72.05

L5 + V7 = L6 + V6
65.46 + 0.56 L6 + 72.05 = L6 + 109.30
-0.44 L6 = -28.20
L6 = 64.58
V7 = 108.43
L6 64.58
=
V7 108.43
= 0.59563
STAGE 7

Suhu = 66.2452 ℃ = 339.2452 K
Tekanan = 1.0617 atm = 806.8927 mmHg
L6
Y8 = ( ) × (X7 − X6) + Y7
V7
L6 64.58
= = 0.59563
V7 108.43
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 66.4568 ℃ = 339.4568 K
Tekanan = 1.0705 atm = 813.5705 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 41.7534 0.0513 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 814.3021 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 198.9992 0.2446 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H6L6 + H8V8 = H7L7 + H7V7
1. T = 66.2452 ℃ = 339.2452 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,398.24 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,912.31 1,911.62
H2O 0.0003 1,392.04 0.41
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,479.41 0.00
Total 1.000 11,182.01 1,912.04
2. T = 66.4568 ℃ = 339.4568 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,332.36 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,394.47 3,390.21
H2O 0.0012 3,119.07 3.80
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,429.96 0.00
Total 1.000 22,275.86 3,394.01
H6L6 + H8V8 = H7L7 + H7V7

122,832.49 + 3,394.01 V8 = 1,912.04 L7 + 366,085.47
V8 = 0.56 L7 + 71.67

L6 + V8 = L7 + V7
64.58 + 0.56 L7 + 71.67 = L7 + 108.43
-0.44 L7 = -27.83
L7 = 63.73
V8 = 107.57
L7 63.73
=
V8 107.57
= 0.5924
STAGE 8

Suhu = 66.4568 ℃ = 339.4568 K
Tekanan = 1.0705 atm = 813.5705 mmHg
L7
Y9 = ( ) × (X8 − X7) + Y8
V8
L7 63.73
= = 0.5924
V8 107.57
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 66.6671 ℃ = 339.6671 K
Tekanan = 1.0793 atm = 820.2484 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 42.1878 0.0514 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 820.9859 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 200.8598 0.2449 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H7L7 + H9V9 = H8L8 + H8V8
1. T = 66.4568 ℃ = 339.4568 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,416.47 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,922.39 1,921.70
H2O 0.0003 1,399.21 0.42
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,503.09 0.00
Total 1.000 11,241.16 1,922.12

2. T = 66.6671 ℃ = 339.6671 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,365.27 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,412.15 3,407.86
H2O 0.0012 3,134.85 3.82
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,477.66 0.00
Total 1.000 22,389.93 3,411.68
H7L7 + H9V9 = H8L8 + H8V8

121,844.80 + 3,411.68 V9 = 1,922.12 L8 + 365,097.78
V9 = 0.56 L8 + 71.30

L7 + V9 = L8 + V8
63.73 + 0.56 L7 + 71.30 = L7 + 107.57
-0.44 L8 = -27.45
L8 = 62.88
V9 = 106.73
L8 62.88
=
V9 106.73
= 0.58917
STAGE 9

Suhu = 66.6671 ℃ = 339.6671 K
Tekanan = 1.0793 atm = 820.2484 mmHg
L8
Y10 = ( ) × (X9 − X8) + Y9
V9
L8 62.88
= = 0.58917
V9 106.73
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 66.8759 ℃ = 339.8759 K
Tekanan = 1.0881 atm = 826.9262 mmHg
Komponen Y10 P0i Ki X10 = Y10× Ki
C3H4O2 0.0000 42.6231 0.0515 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 827.6696 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 202.7226 0.2452 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H8L8 + H10V10 = H9L9 + H9V9
1. T = 66.6671 ℃ = 339.6671 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,434.58 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,932.40 1,931.71
H2O 0.0003 1,406.33 0.42

Na2SO4 0.0000 4,526.61 0.00
Total 1.000 11,299.92 1,932.13
2. T = 66.8759 ℃ = 339.8759 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,397.96 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,429.71 3,425.40
H2O 0.0012 3,150.53 3.84
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,525.04 0.00
Total 1.000 22,503.24 3,429.24
H8L8 + H10V10 = H9L9 + H9V9

120,862.93 + 3,429.24 V10 = 1,932.13 L9 + 364,115.90
V10 = 0.56 L9 + 70.93

L8 + V10 = L9 + V9
62.88 + 0.56 L9 + 70.93 = L9 + 106.73
-0.44 L9 = -27.09
L9 = 62.05
V10 = 105.90
L9 62.05
=
V10 105.90
= 0.58595
STAGE 10

Suhu = 66.8759 ℃ = 339.8759 K
Tekanan = 1.0881 atm = 826.9262 mmHg
L9
Y11 = ( ) × (X10 − X9) + Y10
V10
L9 62.05
= = 0.58595
V10 105.90
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 67.0833 ℃ = 340.0833 K
Tekanan = 1.0968 atm = 833.6040 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 43.0594 0.0517 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 834.3534 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 204.5874 0.2454 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H9L9 + H11V11 = H10L10 + H10V10
1. T = 66.8759 ℃ = 339.8759 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,452.58 0.00

CH3OH 0.9996 1,942.35 1,941.66
H2O 0.0003 1,413.40 0.42
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,549.98 0.00
Total 1.000 11,358.31 1,942.08
2. T = 67.0833 ℃ = 340.0833 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,430.44 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,447.16 3,442.82
H2O 0.0012 3,166.11 3.86
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,572.11 0.00
Total 1.000 22,615.81 3,446.69
H9L9 + H11V11 = H10L10 + H10V10

119,886.80 + 3,446.69 V11 = 1,942.08 L10 + 363,139.78
V11 = 0.56 L10 + 70.58

L9 + V11 = L10 + V10
62.05 + 0.56 L10 + 70.58 = L10 + 105.90
-0.44 L10 = -26.73
L10 = 61.23
V11 = 105.08
L10 61.23
=
V11 105.08
= 0.58273
STAGE 11

Suhu = 67.0833 ℃ = 340.0833 K
Tekanan = 1.0968 atm = 833.6040 mmHg
L10
Y12 = ( ) × (X11 − X10) + Y11
V11
L10 61.23
= = 0.58273
V11 105.08
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 67.2894 ℃ = 340.2894 K
Tekanan = 1.1056 atm = 840.2819 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 43.4966 0.0518 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 841.0371 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 206.4542 0.2457 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H10L10 + H12V12 = H11L11 + H11V11
1. T = 67.0833 ℃ = 340.0833 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,470.46 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,952.24 1,951.54
H2O 0.0003 1,420.43 0.43
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,573.20 0.00
Total 1.000 11,416.33 1,951.96
2. T = 67.2894 ℃ = 340.2894 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,462.72 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,464.49 3,460.14
H2O 0.0012 3,181.58 3.88
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,618.86 0.00
Total 1.000 22,727.65 3,464.02
H10L10 + H12V12 = H11L11 + H11V11

118,916.35 + 3,464.02 V12 = 1,951.96 L11 + 362,169.33
V12 = 0.56 L11 + 70.22

L10 + V12 = L11 + V11
61.23 + 0.56 L11 + 70.22 = L11 + 105.08
-0.44 L11 = -26.38
L11 = 60.43
V12 = 104.27
L11 60.43
=
V12 104.27
= 0.57951
STAGE 12

Suhu = 67.2894 ℃ = 340.2894 K
Tekanan = 1.1056 atm = 840.2819 mmHg
L11
Y13 = ( ) × (X12 − X11) + Y12
V12
L11 60.43
= = 0.57951
V12 104.27
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 67.4941 ℃ = 340.4941 K
Tekanan = 1.1144 atm = 846.9597 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 43.9347 0.0519 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 847.7209 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 208.3231 0.2460 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H11L11 + H13V13 = H12L12 + H12V12
1. T = 67.2894 ℃ = 340.2894 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,488.24 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,962.06 1,961.36
H2O 0.0003 1,427.41 0.43
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,596.27 0.00
Total 1.000 11,473.98 1,961.79
2. T = 67.4941 ℃ = 340.4941 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,494.79 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,481.72 3,477.35
H2O 0.0012 3,196.95 3.90
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,665.30 0.00
Total 1.000 22,838.76 3,481.25
H11L11 + H13V13 = H12L12 + H12V12

117,951.51 + 3,481.25 V13 = 1,961.79 L12 + 361,204.48
V13 = 0.56 L12 + 69.88

L11 + V13 = L12 + V12
60.43 + 0.56 L12 + 69.88 = L12 + 104.27
-0.44 L12 = -26.03
L12 = 59.64
V13 = 103.48
L12 59.64
=
V13 103.48
= 0.57629
STAGE 13

Suhu = 67.4941 ℃ = 340.4941 K
Tekanan = 1.1144 atm = 846.9597 mmHg
L12
Y14 = ( ) × (X13 − X12) + Y13
V13
L12 59.64
= = 0.57629
V13 103.48
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 67.6975 ℃ = 340.6975 K
Tekanan = 1.1232 atm = 853.6376 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 44.3737 0.0520 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 854.4046 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 210.1940 0.2462 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H12L12 + H14V14 = H13L13 + H13V13
1. T = 67.4941 ℃ = 340.4941 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,505.90 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,971.83 1,971.12
H2O 0.0003 1,434.35 0.43
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,619.20 0.00
Total 1.000 11,531.27 1,971.55
2. T = 67.6975 ℃ = 340.6975 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,526.66 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,498.85 3,494.45
H2O 0.0012 3,212.22 3.92
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,711.44 0.00
Total 1.000 22,949.17 3,498.37
H12L12 + H14V14 = H13L13 + H13V13

116,992.19 + 3,498.37 V14 = 1,971.55 L13 + 360,245.17
V14 = 0.56 L13 + 69.53

L12 + V14 = L13 + V13
59.64 + 0.56 L13 + 69.53 = L13 + 103.48
-0.44 L13 = -25.69
L13 = 58.86
V14 = 102.70
L13 58.86
=
V14 102.70
= 0.57308
STAGE 14

Suhu = 67.6975 ℃ = 340.6975 K
Tekanan = 1.1232 atm = 853.6376 mmHg
L13
Y15 = ( ) × (X14 − X13) + Y14
V14
L13 58.86
= = 0.57308
V14 102.70
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 67.8995 ℃ = 340.8995 K
Tekanan = 1.1320 atm = 860.3154 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 44.8137 0.0521 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 861.0884 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 212.0669 0.2465 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H13L13 + H15V15 = H14L14 + H14V14
1. T = 67.6975 ℃ = 340.6975 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,523.46 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,981.53 1,980.81
H2O 0.0003 1,441.24 0.43
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,641.98 0.00
Total 1.000 11,588.21 1,981.25
2. T = 67.8995 ℃ = 340.8995 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,558.33 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,515.86 3,511.44
H2O 0.0012 3,227.40 3.94
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,757.28 0.00
Total 1.000 23,058.87 3,515.38
H13L13 + H15V15 = H14L14 + H14V14

116,038.35 + 3,515.38 V15 = 1,981.25 L14 + 359,291.32
V15 = 0.56 L14 + 69.20

L13 + V15 = L14 + V14
58.86 + 0.56 L14 + 69.20 = L14 + 102.70
-0.44 L14 = -25.35
L14 = 58.09
V15 = 101.94
L14 58.09
=
V15 101.94
= 0.56987
STAGE 15

Suhu = 67.8995 ℃ = 340.8995 K
Tekanan = 1.1320 atm = 860.3154 mmHg
L14
Y16 = ( ) × (X15 − X14) + Y15
V15
L14 58.09
= = 0.56987
V15 101.94
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 68.1003 ℃ = 341.1003 K
Tekanan = 1.1408 atm = 866.9932 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 45.2546 0.0522 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 867.7721 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 213.9417 0.2468 0.0003

Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H14L14 + H16V16 = H15L15 + H15V15
1. T = 67.8995 ℃ = 340.8995 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,540.91 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 1,991.17 1,990.45
H2O 0.0003 1,448.08 0.44
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,664.63 0.00
Total 1.000 11,644.79 1,990.89
2. T = 68.1003 ℃ = 341.1003 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,589.81 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,532.77 3,528.33
H2O 0.0012 3,242.47 3.96
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,802.83 0.00
Total 1.000 23,167.88 3,532.29
H14L14 + H16V16 = H15L15 + H15V15

115,089.91 + 3,532.29 V16 = 1,990.89 L15 + 358,342.88
V16 = 0.56 L15 + 68.87

L14 + V16 = L15 + V15
58.09 + 0.56 L15 + 68.87 = L15 + 101.94
-0.44 L15 = -25.02
L15 = 57.33
V16 = 101.18
L15 57.33
=
V16 101.18
= 0.56666
STAGE 16

Suhu = 68.1003 ℃ = 341.1003 K
Tekanan = 1.1408 atm = 866.9932 mmHg
L15
Y17 = ( ) × (X16 − X15) + Y16
V16
L15 57.33
= = 0.56666
V16 101.18
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 68.2998 ℃ = 341.2998 K
Tekanan = 1.1496 atm = 873.6711 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 45.6963 0.0523 0.0000

CH3OH 0.9987 874.4559 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 215.8186 0.2470 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H15L15 + H17V17 = H16L16 + H16V16
1. T = 68.1003 ℃ = 341.1003 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,558.26 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,000.75 2,000.03
H2O 0.0003 1,454.89 0.44
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,687.13 0.00
Total 1.000 11,701.03 2,000.47
2. T = 68.2998 ℃ = 341.2998 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,621.09 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,549.58 3,545.12
H2O 0.0012 3,257.45 3.98
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,848.08 0.00
Total 1.000 23,276.22 3,549.10
H15L15 + H17V17 = H16L16 + H16V16

114,146.80 + 3,549.10 V17 = 2,000.47 L16 + 357,399.78
V17 = 0.56 L16 + 68.54

L15 + V17 = L16 + V16
57.33 + 0.56 L16 + 68.54 = L16 + 101.18
-0.44 L16 = -24.69
L16 = 56.59
V17 = 100.44
L16 56.59
=
=
V17 100.44
= 0.56345
STAGE 17

Suhu = 68.2998 ℃ = 341.2998 K
Tekanan = 1.1496 atm = 873.6711 mmHg
L16
Y18 = ( ) × (X17 − X16) + Y17
V17
L16 56.59
= = 0.56345
V17 100.44
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 68.4980 ℃ = 341.4980 K
Tekanan = 1.1584 atm = 880.3489 mmHg

C3H4O2 0.0000 46.1390 0.0524 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 881.1396 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 217.6974 0.2473 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H16L16 + H18V18 = H17L17 + H17V17
1. T = 68.2998 ℃ = 341.2998 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,575.50 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,010.27 2,009.55
H2O 0.0003 1,461.65 0.44
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,709.50 0.00
Total 1.000 11,756.92 2,009.99
2. T = 68.4980 ℃ = 341.4980 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,652.19 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,566.29 3,561.81
H2O 0.0012 3,272.34 4.00
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,893.05 0.00
Total 1.000 23,383.87 3,565.80
H16L16 + H18V18 = H17L17 + H17V17

113,208.97 + 3,565.80 V18 = 2,009.99 L17 + 356,461.95
V18 = 0.56 L17 + 68.22

L16 + V18 = L17 + V17
56.59 + 0.56 L17 + 68.22 = L17 + 100.44
-0.44 L17 = -24.37
L17 = 55.86
V18 = 99.71
L17 55.86
=
V18 99.71
= 0.56024
STAGE 18

Suhu = 68.4980 ℃ = 341.4980 K
Tekanan = 1.1584 atm = 880.3489 mmHg
L17
Y19 = ( ) × (X18 − X17) + Y18
V18
L17 55.86
= = 0.56024
V18 99.71
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 68.6950 ℃ = 341.6950 K
Tekanan = 1.1671 atm = 887.0268 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 46.5826 0.0525 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 887.8234 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 219.5782 0.2475 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H17L17 + H19V19 = H18L18 + H18V18
1. T = 68.4980 ℃ = 341.4980 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,592.64 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,019.74 2,019.01
H2O 0.0003 1,468.36 0.44
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,731.74 0.00
Total 1.000 11,812.48 2,019.45
2. T = 68.6950 ℃ = 341.6950 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,683.10 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,582.90 3,578.39
H2O 0.0012 3,287.13 4.02
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,937.74 0.00
Total 1.000 23,490.87 3,582.41
H17L17 + H19V19 = H18L18 + H18V18

112,276.35 + 3,582.41 V19 = 2,019.45 L18 + 355,529.32
V19 = 0.56 L18 + 67.90

L17 + V19 = L18 + V18
55.86 + 0.56 L18 + 67.90 = L18 + 99.71
-0.44 L18 = -24.06

L18 = 55.14
V19 = 98.98
L18 55.14
=
V19 98.98
= 0.557
STAGE 19

Suhu = 68.6950 ℃ = 341.6950 K
Tekanan = 1.1671 atm = 887.0268 mmHg
L18
Y20 = ( ) × (X19 − X18) + Y19
V19
L18 55.14
= = 0.55704
V19 98.98
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 68.8908 ℃ = 341.8908 K
Tekanan = 1.1759 atm = 893.7046 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 47.0271 0.0526 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 894.5071 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 221.4609 0.2478 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H18L18 + H20V20 = H19L19 + H19V19
1. T = 68.6950 ℃ = 341.6950 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,609.68 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,029.15 2,028.42
H2O 0.0003 1,475.04 0.45
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,753.84 0.00
Total 1.000 11,867.71 2,028.86
2. T = 68.8908 ℃ = 341.8908 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,713.82 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,599.41 3,594.88
H2O 0.0012 3,301.83 4.03
Na2SO4 0.0000 9,982.15 0.00
Total 1.000 23,597.22 3,598.92
H18L18 + H20V20 = H19L19 + H19V19

111,348.88 + 3,598.92 V20 = 2,028.86 L19 + 354,601.85
V20 = 0.56 L19 + 67.59
L18 + V20 = L19 + V19

55.14 + 0.56 L19 + 67.59 = L19 + 98.98
-0.44 L19 = -23.74
L19 = 54.43
V20 = 98.27
L19 54.43
=
V20 98.27
= 0.554
STAGE 20

Suhu = 68.8908 ℃ = 341.8908 K
Tekanan = 1.1759 atm = 893.7046 mmHg
L19
Y21 = ( ) × (X20 − X19) + Y20
V20
L19 54.43
= = 0.55384
V20 98.27
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 69.0854 ℃ = 342.0854 K
Tekanan = 1.1847 atm = 900.3824 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 47.4725 0.0527 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 901.1909 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 223.3455 0.2481 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H19L19 + H21V21 = H20L20 + H20V20
1. T = 68.8908 ℃ = 341.8908 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,626.62 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,038.50 2,037.77
H2O 0.0003 1,481.67 0.45
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,775.80 0.00
Total 1.000 11,922.60 2,038.22
2. T = 69.0854 ℃ = 342.0854 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,744.36 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,615.82 3,611.27
H2O 0.0012 3,316.44 4.05
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,026.29 0.00
Total 1.000 23,702.92 3,615.33
H19L19 + H21V21 = H20L20 + H20V20

110,426.49 + 3,615.33 V21 = 2,038.22 L20 + 353,679.46
V21 = 0.56 L20 + 67.28

L19 + V21 = L20 + V20
54.43 + 0.56 L20 + 67.28 = L20 + 98.27
-0.44 L20 = -23.44
L20 = 53.73
V21 = 97.57
L20 53.73
=
V21 97.57
= 0.551
STAGE 21

Suhu = 69.0854 ℃ = 342.0854 K
Tekanan = 1.1847 atm = 900.3824 mmHg
L20
Y22 = ( ) × (X21 − X20) + Y21
V21
L20 53.73
= = 0.55064
V21 97.57
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987

H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 69.2787 ℃ = 342.2787 K
Tekanan = 1.1935 atm = 907.0603 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 47.9187 0.0528 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 907.8746 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 225.2320 0.2483 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H20L20 + H22V22 = H21L21 + H21V21
1. T = 69.0854 ℃ = 342.0854 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,643.47 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,047.80 2,047.06
H2O 0.0003 1,488.27 0.45
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,797.64 0.00
Total 1.000 11,977.18 2,047.51
2. T = 69.2787 ℃ = 342.2787 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,774.72 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,632.14 3,627.57
H2O 0.0012 3,330.97 4.07
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,070.15 0.00
Total 1.000 23,807.98 3,631.64
H20L20 + H22V22 = H21L21 + H21V21
109,509.13 + 3,631.64 V22 = 2,047.51 L21 + 352,762.10

V22 = 0.56 L21 + 66.98

L20 + V22 = L21 + V21
53.73 + 0.56 L21 + 66.98 = L21 + 97.57
-0.44 L21 = -23.14
L21 = 53.04
V22 = 96.88
L21 53.04
=
V22 96.88
= 0.547
STAGE 22

Suhu = 69.2787 ℃ = 342.2787 K
Tekanan = 1.1935 atm = 907.0603 mmHg
L21
Y23 = ( ) × (X22 − X21) + Y22
V22
L21 53.04
= = 0.54744
V22 96.88

C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 69.4710 ℃ = 342.4710 K
Tekanan = 1.2023 atm = 913.7381 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 48.3659 0.0529 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 914.5584 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 227.1204 0.2486 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H21L21 + H23V23 = H22L22 + H22V22
1. T = 69.2787 ℃ = 342.2787 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,660.22 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,057.04 2,056.30
H2O 0.0003 1,494.82 0.45
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,819.35 0.00
Total 1.000 12,031.44 2,056.75
2. T = 69.4710 ℃ = 342.4710 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,804.90 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,648.36 3,643.77
H2O 0.0012 3,345.40 4.09
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,113.75 0.00
Total 1.000 23,912.42 3,647.86
H21L21 + H23V23 = H22L22 + H22V22

108,596.74 + 3,647.86 V23 = 2,056.75 L22 + 351,849.71
V23 = 0.56 L22 + 66.68

L21 + V23 = L22 + V22
53.04 + 0.56 L22 + 66.68 = L22 + 96.88
-0.44 L22 = -22.84
L22 = 52.36
V23 = 96.20
L22 52.36
=
V23 96.20
= 0.544
STAGE 23

Suhu = 69.4710 ℃ = 342.4710 K
Tekanan = 1.2023 atm = 913.7381 mmHg
L22
Y24 = ( ) × (X23 − X22) + Y23
V23
L22 52.36
= = 0.54424
V23 96.20
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 69.6620 ℃ = 342.6620 K
Tekanan = 1.2111 atm = 920.4159 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 48.8139 0.0530 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 921.2421 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 229.0107 0.2488 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H22L22 + H24V24 = H23L23 + H23V23
1. T = 69.4710 ℃ = 342.4710 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,676.87 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,066.23 2,065.49
H2O 0.0003 1,501.33 0.46
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,840.94 0.00
Total 1.000 12,085.38 2,065.94
2. T = 69.6620 ℃ = 342.6620 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,834.91 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,664.49 3,659.88
H2O 0.0012 3,359.75 4.11
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,157.08 0.00

Total 1.000 24,016.24 3,663.99
H22L22 + H24V24 = H23L23 + H23V23

107,689.25 + 3,663.99 V24 = 2,065.94 L23 + 350,942.23
V24 = 0.56 L23 + 66.39

L22 + V24 = L23 + V23
52.36 + 0.56 L23 + 66.39 = L23 + 96.20
-0.44 L23 = -22.54
L23 = 51.69
V24 = 95.54
L23 51.69
=
V24 95.54
= 0.541
STAGE 24

Suhu = 69.6620 ℃ = 342.6620 K
Tekanan = 1.2111 atm = 920.4159 mmHg
L23
Y25 = ( ) × (X24 − X23) + Y24
V24
L23 51.69
= = 0.54105
V24 95.54
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 69.8519 ℃ = 342.8519 K
Tekanan = 1.2199 atm = 927.0938 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 49.2628 0.0531 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 927.9259 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 230.9029 0.2491 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H23L23 + H25V25 = H24L24 + H24V24
1. T = 69.6620 ℃ = 342.6620 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,693.43 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,075.37 2,074.62
H2O 0.0003 1,507.81 0.46
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,862.40 0.00
Total 1.000 12,139.01 2,075.08
2. T = 69.8519 ℃ = 342.8519 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,864.75 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,680.53 3,675.90

H2O 0.0012 3,374.01 4.13
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,200.16 0.00
Total 1.000 24,119.44 3,680.02
H23L23 + H25V25 = H24L24 + H24V24

106,786.63 + 3,680.02 V25 = 2,075.08 L24 + 350,039.60
V25 = 0.56 L24 + 66.10

L23 + V25 = L24 + V24
51.69 + 0.56 L24 + 66.10 = L24 + 95.54
-0.44 L24 = -22.25
L24 = 51.03
V25 = 94.87
L24 51.03
=
V25 94.87
= 0.538
STAGE 25
Suhu = 69.8519 ℃ = 342.8519 K

Tekanan = 1.2199 atm = 927.0938 mmHg
L24
Y26 = ( ) × (X25 − X24) + Y25
V25
L24 51.03
= = 0.53785
V25 94.87
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.0407 ℃ = 343.0407 K
Tekanan = 1.2286 atm = 933.7716 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 49.7125 0.0532 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 934.6096 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 232.7969 0.2493 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H24L24 + H26V26 = H25L25 + H25V25
1. T = 69.8519 ℃ = 342.8519 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,709.90 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,084.46 2,083.70
H2O 0.0003 1,514.25 0.46
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,883.74 0.00
Total 1.000 12,192.34 2,084.16
2. T = 70.0407 ℃ = 343.0407 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K

C3H4O2 0.0000 6,894.41 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,696.48 3,691.82
H2O 0.0012 3,388.19 4.14
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,242.97 0.00
Total 1.000 24,222.05 3,695.97
H24L24 + H26V26 = H25L25 + H25V25

105,888.79 + 3,695.97 V26 = 2,084.16 L25 + 349,141.77
V26 = 0.56 L25 + 65.82

L24 + V26 = L25 + V25
51.03 + 0.56 L25 + 65.82 = L25 + 94.87
-0.44 L25 = -21.97
L25 = 50.38
V26 = 94.22
L25 50.38
=
V26 94.22
= 0.535
STAGE 26

Suhu = 70.0407 ℃ = 343.0407 K
Tekanan = 1.2286 atm = 933.7716 mmHg
L25
Y27 = ( ) × (X27 − X26) + Y26
V26
L25 50.38
= = 0.53466
V26 94.22
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.2284 ℃ = 343.2284 K
Tekanan = 1.2374 atm = 940.4495 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 50.1631 0.0533 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 941.2934 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 234.6928 0.2496 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H25L25 + H27V27 = H26L26 + H26V26
1. T = 70.0407 ℃ = 343.0407 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,726.27 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,093.49 2,092.73
H2O 0.0003 1,520.65 0.46
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,904.95 0.00
Total 1.000 12,245.36 2,093.19
2. T = 70.2284 ℃ = 343.2284 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,923.91 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,712.33 3,707.66
H2O 0.0012 3,402.28 4.16
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,285.54 0.00
Total 1.000 24,324.06 3,711.82
H25L25 + H27V27 = H26L26 + H26V26

104,995.70 + 3,711.82 V27 = 2,093.19 L26 + 348,248.68
V27 = 0.56 L26 + 65.53

L25 + V27 = L26 + V26
50.38 + 0.56 L26 + 65.53 = L26 + 94.22
-0.44 L26 = -21.69
L26 = 49.74
V27 = 93.58
L26 49.74
=
V27 93.58
= 0.531
STAGE 27

Suhu = 70.2284 ℃ = 343.2284 K
Tekanan = 1.2374 atm = 940.4495 mmHg
L26
Y28 = ( ) × (X27 − X26) + Y27
V27
L26 49.74
= = 0.53147
V27 93.58
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.4149 ℃ = 343.4149 K
Tekanan = 1.2462 atm = 947.1273 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 50.6146 0.0534 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 947.9771 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 236.5905 0.2498 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H26L26 + H28V28 = H27L27 + H27V27
1. T = 70.2284 ℃ = 343.2284 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,742.56 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,102.47 2,101.71
H2O 0.0003 1,527.01 0.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,926.05 0.00

Total 1.000 12,298.08 2,102.18
2. T = 70.4149 ℃ = 343.4149 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,953.24 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,728.10 3,723.41
H2O 0.0012 3,416.29 4.18
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,327.85 0.00
Total 1.000 24,425.49 3,727.59
H26L26 + H28V28 = H27L27 + H27V27

104,107.30 + 3,727.59 V28 = 2,102.18 L27 + 347,360.27
V28 = 0.56 L27 + 65.26

L26 + V28 = L27 + V27
49.74 + 0.56 L27 + 65.26 = L27 + 93.58
-0.44 L27 = -21.41
L27 = 49.10
V28 = 92.95
L27 49.10
=
V28 92.95
= 0.528
STAGE 28

Suhu = 70.4149 ℃ = 343.4149 K
Tekanan = 1.2462 atm = 947.1273 mmHg
L27
Y29 = ( ) × (X28 − X27) + Y28
V28
L27 49.10
= = 0.52828
V28 92.95
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.6004 ℃ = 343.6004 K
Tekanan = 1.2550 atm = 953.8051 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 51.0669 0.0535 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 954.6609 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 238.4901 0.2500 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H27L27 + H29V29 = H28L28 + H28V28
1. T = 70.4149 ℃ = 343.4149 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,758.75 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,111.40 2,110.64

H2O 0.0003 1,533.33 0.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,947.03 0.00
Total 1.000 12,350.51 2,111.11
2. T = 70.6004 ℃ = 343.6004 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 6,982.40 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,743.78 3,739.07
H2O 0.0012 3,430.22 4.20
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,369.92 0.00
Total 1.000 24,526.33 3,743.27
H27L27 + H29V29 = H28L28 + H28V28

103,223.53 + 3,743.27 V29 = 2,111.11 L28 + 346,476.51
V29 = 0.56 L28 + 64.98

L27 + V29 = L28 + V28
49.10 + 0.56 L28 + 64.98 = L28 + 92.95
-0.44 L28 = -21.14
L28 = 48.48
V29 = 92.33
L28 48.48
=
V29 92.33
= 0.525
STAGE 29

Suhu = 70.6004 ℃ = 343.6004 K
Tekanan = 1.2550 atm = 953.8051 mmHg
L28
Y30 = ( ) × (X29 − X28) + Y29
V29
L28 48.48
= = 0.52509
V29 92.33
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.7849 ℃ = 343.7849 K
Tekanan = 1.2638 atm = 960.4830 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 51.5201 0.0536 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 961.3446 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 240.3914 0.2503 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H28L28 + H30V30 = H29L29 + H29V29
1. T = 70.6004 ℃ = 343.6004 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K

C3H4O2 0.0000 3,774.86 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,120.29 2,119.52
H2O 0.0003 1,539.62 0.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,967.89 0.00
Total 1.000 12,402.65 2,119.99
2. T = 70.7849 ℃ = 343.7849 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,011.41 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,759.38 3,754.64
H2O 0.0012 3,444.07 4.22
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,411.75 0.00
Total 1.000 24,626.61 3,758.86
H28L28 + H30V30 = H29L29 + H29V29

102,344.34 + 3,758.86 V30 = 2,119.99 L29 + 345,597.32
V30 = 0.56 L29 + 64.71

L28 + V30 = L29 + V29
48.48 + 0.56 L29 + 64.71 = L29 + 92.33
-0.44 L29 = -20.87
L29 = 47.86
V30 = 91.71
L29 47.86
=
V30 91.71
= 0.522
STAGE 30

Suhu = 70.7849 ℃ = 343.7849 K
Tekanan = 1.2638 atm = 960.4830 mmHg
L29
Y31 = ( ) × (X30 − X29) + Y30
V30
L29 47.86
= = 0.5219
V30 91.71
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 70.9682 ℃ = 343.9682 K
Tekanan = 1.2726 atm = 967.1608 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 51.9741 0.0537 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 968.0284 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 242.2946 0.2505 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H29L29 + H31V31 = H30L30 + H30V30
1. T = 70.7849 ℃ = 343.7849 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,790.88 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,129.12 2,128.35
H2O 0.0003 1,545.87 0.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 4,988.63 0.00
Total 1.000 12,454.51 2,128.82
2. T = 70.9682 ℃ = 343.9682 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,040.25 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,774.89 3,770.13
H2O 0.0012 3,457.85 4.23
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,453.33 0.00
Total 1.000 24,726.32 3,774.37
H29L29 + H31V31 = H30L30 + H30V30

101,469.69 + 3,774.37 V31 = 2,128.82 L30 + 344,722.66
V31 = 0.56 L30 + 64.45

L29 + V31 = L30 + V30
47.86 + 0.56 L30 + 64.45 = L30 + 91.71
-0.44 L30 = -20.60
L30 = 47.26
V31 = 91.10
L30 47.26
=
V31 91.10
= 0.519
STAGE 31

Suhu = 70.9682 ℃ = 343.9682 K
Tekanan = 1.2726 atm = 967.1608 mmHg
L30
Y32 = ( ) × (X31 − X30) + Y31
V31
L30 47.26
= = 0.51871
V31 91.10
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 71.1506 ℃ = 344.1506 K
Tekanan = 1.2814 atm = 973.8387 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 52.4290 0.0538 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 974.7121 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 244.1995 0.2508 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000
H30L30 + H32V32 = H31L31 + H31V31
1. T = 70.9682 ℃ = 343.9682 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,806.82 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,137.90 2,137.13
H2O 0.0003 1,552.09 0.48
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,009.27 0.00
Total 1.000 12,506.07 2,137.60
2. T = 71.1506 ℃ = 344.1506 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,068.94 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,790.31 3,785.54
H2O 0.0012 3,471.54 4.25
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,494.68 0.00
Total 1.000 24,825.47 3,789.79
H30L30 + H32V32 = H31L31 + H31V31

100,599.51 + 3,789.79 V32 = 2,137.60 L31 + 343,852.48
V32 = 0.56 L31 + 64.19

L30 + V32 = L31 + V31
47.26 + 0.56 L31 + 64.19 = L31 + 91.10
-0.44 L31 = -20.34
L31 = 46.66
V32 = 90.50
L31 46.66
=
V32 90.50
= 0.516
STAGE 32

Suhu = 71.1506 ℃ = 344.1506 K
Tekanan = 1.2814 atm = 973.8387 mmHg
L31
Y33 = ( ) × (X32 − X31) + Y32
V32
L31 46.66
= = 0.51553
V32 90.50
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 71.3319 ℃ = 344.3319 K
Tekanan = 1.2902 atm = 980.5165 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 52.8846 0.0539 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 981.3958 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 246.1063 0.2510 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H31L31 + H33V33 = H32L32 + H32V32
1. T = 71.1506 ℃ = 344.1506 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,822.67 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,146.64 2,145.86
H2O 0.0003 1,558.27 0.48
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,029.79 0.00
Total 1.000 12,557.36 2,146.34
2. T = 71.3319 ℃ = 344.3319 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,097.47 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,805.65 3,800.86
H2O 0.0012 3,485.15 4.27
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,535.79 0.00
Total 1.000 24,924.07 3,805.13
H31L31 + H33V33 = H32L32 + H32V32

99,733.76 + 3,805.13 V33 = 2,146.34 L32 + 342,986.73
V33 = 0.56 L32 + 63.93

L31 + V33 = L32 + V32
46.66 + 0.56 L32 + 63.93 = L32 + 90.50
-0.44 L32 = -20.08
L32 = 46.07
V33 = 89.91
L32 46.07
=
V33 89.91
= 0.512
STAGE 33

Suhu = 71.3319 ℃ = 344.3319 K
Tekanan = 1.2902 atm = 980.5165 mmHg
L32
Y34 = ( ) × (X33 − X32) + Y33
V33
L32 46.07
= = 0.51234
V33 89.91
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 71.5121 ℃ = 344.5121 K
Tekanan = 1.2989 atm = 987.1943 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 53.3412 0.0540 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 988.0796 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 248.0147 0.2512 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Total 1.0000 1.000

H32L32 + H34V34 = H33L33 + H33V33
1. T = 71.3319 ℃ = 344.3319 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,838.43 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,155.33 2,154.55
H2O 0.0003 1,564.42 0.48
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,050.20 0.00
Total 1.000 12,608.38 2,155.03
2. T = 71.5121 ℃ = 344.5121 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,125.85 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,820.91 3,816.10
H2O 0.0012 3,498.69 4.28
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,576.67 0.00
Total 1.000 25,022.13 3,820.39
H32L32 + H34V34 = H33L33 + H33V33

98,872.39 + 3,820.39 V34 = 2,155.03 L33 + 342,125.36
V34 = 0.56 L33 + 63.67

L32 + V34 = L33 + V33
46.07 + 0.56 L33 + 63.67 = L33 + 89.91
-0.44 L33 = -19.83
L33 = 45.48
V34 = 89.33
L33 45.48
=
V34 89.33
= 0.509
STAGE 34

Suhu = 71.5121 ℃ = 344.5121 K
Tekanan = 1.2989 atm = 987.1943 mmHg
L33
Y35 = ( ) × (X34 − X33) + Y34
V34
L33 45.48
= = 0.50916
V34 89.33
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 71.6914 ℃ = 344.6914 K
Tekanan = 1.3077 atm = 993.8722 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 53.7985 0.0541 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 994.7633 1.0009 0.9996

H2O 0.0012 249.9250 0.2515 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H33L33 + H35V35 = H34L34 + H34V34
1. T = 71.5121 ℃ = 344.5121 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,854.12 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,163.97 2,163.19
H2O 0.0003 1,570.53 0.48
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,070.50 0.00
Total 1.000 12,659.11 2,163.67
2. T = 71.6914 ℃ = 344.6914 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,154.07 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,836.09 3,831.26
H2O 0.0012 3,512.16 4.30
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,617.32 0.00
Total 1.000 25,119.65 3,835.56
H33L33 + H35V35 = H34L34 + H34V34

98,015.35 + 3,835.56 V35 = 2,163.67 L34 + 341,268.33
V35 = 0.56 L34 + 63.42

L33 + V35 = L34 + V34
45.48 + 0.56 L34 + 63.42 = L34 + 89.33
-0.44 L34 = -19.57
L34 = 44.91
V35 = 88.75
L34 44.91
=
V35 88.75
= 0.506
STAGE 35

Suhu = 71.6914 ℃ = 344.6914 K
Tekanan = 1.3077 atm = 993.8722 mmHg
L34
Y36 = ( ) × (X35 − X34) + Y35
V35
L34 44.91
= = 0.50597
V35 88.75
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 71.8697 ℃ = 344.8697 K
Tekanan = 1.3165 atm = 1000.5500 mmHg

C3H4O2 0.0000 54.2567 0.0542 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1001.4471 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 251.8370 0.2517 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H34L34 + H36V36 = H35L35 + H35V35
1. T = 71.6914 ℃ = 344.6914 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,869.72 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,172.57 2,171.78
H2O 0.0003 1,576.61 0.49
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,090.69 0.00
Total 1.000 12,709.58 2,172.27
2. T = 71.8697 ℃ = 344.8697 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,182.15 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,851.19 3,846.34
H2O 0.0012 3,525.55 4.32
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,657.75 0.00
Total 1.000 25,216.64 3,850.66
H34L34 + H36V36 = H35L35 + H35V35

97,162.60 + 3,850.66 V36 = 2,172.27 L35 + 340,415.57
V36 = 0.56 L35 + 63.17

L34 + V36 = L35 + V35
44.91 + 0.56 L35 + 63.17 = L35 + 88.75
-0.44 L35 = -19.33
L35 = 44.34
V36 = 88.18
L35 44.34
=
V36 88.18
= 0.503
STAGE 36

Suhu = 71.8697 ℃ = 344.8697 K
Tekanan = 1.3165 atm = 1000.5500 mmHg
L35
Y37 = ( ) × (X36 − X35) + Y36
V36
L35 44.34
= = 0.50279
V36 88.18
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.0470 ℃ = 345.0470 K

Tekanan = 1.3253 atm = 1007.2278 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 54.7156 0.0543 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1008.1308 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 253.7507 0.2519 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H35L35 + H37V37 = H36L36 + H36V36
1. T = 71.8697 ℃ = 344.8697 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,885.24 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,181.12 2,180.33
H2O 0.0003 1,582.65 0.49
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,110.77 0.00
Total 1.000 12,759.79 2,180.82
2. T = 72.0470 ℃ = 345.0470 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,210.07 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,866.21 3,861.34
H2O 0.0012 3,538.87 4.34
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,697.96 0.00
Total 1.000 25,313.11 3,865.68
H35L35 + H37V37 = H36L36 + H36V36

96,314.08 + 3,865.68 V37 = 2,180.82 L36 + 339,567.05
V37 = 0.56 L36 + 62.93

L35 + V37 = L36 + V36
44.34 + 0.56 L36 + 62.93 = L36 + 88.18
-0.44 L36 = -19.08
L36 = 43.78
V37 = 87.62
L36 43.78
=
V37 87.62
= 0.500
STAGE 37

Suhu = 72.0470 ℃ = 345.0470 K
Tekanan = 1.3253 atm = 1007.2278 mmHg
L36
Y38 = ( ) × (X37 − X36) + Y37
V37
L36 43.78
= = 0.49961
V37 87.62
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.2233 ℃ = 345.2233 K
Tekanan = 1.3341 atm = 1013.9057 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 55.1754 0.0544 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1014.8146 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 255.6662 0.2522 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H36L36 + H38V38 = H37L37 + H37V37
1. T = 72.0470 ℃ = 345.0470 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,900.68 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,189.63 2,188.83
H2O 0.0003 1,588.66 0.49
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,130.75 0.00
Total 1.000 12,809.73 2,189.32
2. T = 72.2233 ℃ = 345.2233 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,237.85 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,881.15 3,876.26
H2O 0.0012 3,552.11 4.35
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,737.94 0.00
Total 1.000 25,409.06 3,880.62
H36L36 + H38V38 = H37L37 + H37V37

95,469.75 + 3,880.62 V38 = 2,189.32 L37 + 338,722.73
V38 = 0.56 L37 + 62.68

L36 + V38 = L37 + V37
43.78 + 0.56 L37 + 62.68 = L37 + 87.62

-0.44 L37 = -18.84
L37 = 43.22
V38 = 87.07
L37 43.22
=
V38 87.07
= 0.496
STAGE 38

Suhu = 72.2233 ℃ = 345.2233 K
Tekanan = 1.3341 atm = 1013.9057 mmHg
L37
Y39 = ( ) × (X38 − X37) + Y38
V38
L37 43.22
= = 0.49642
V38 87.07
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.3987 ℃ = 345.3987 K
Tekanan = 1.3429 atm = 1020.5835 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 55.6360 0.0545 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1021.4983 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 257.5833 0.2524 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H37L37 + H39V39 = H38L38 + H38V38
1. T = 72.2233 ℃ = 345.2233 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,916.04 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,198.09 2,197.29
H2O 0.0003 1,594.64 0.49
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,150.63 0.00
Total 1.000 12,859.40 2,197.78
2. T = 72.3987 ℃ = 345.3987 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,265.49 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,896.02 3,891.11
H2O 0.0012 3,565.28 4.37
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,777.71 0.00
Total 1.000 25,504.50 3,895.48
H37L37 + H39V39 = H38L38 + H38V38

94,629.57 + 3,895.48 V39 = 2,197.78 L38 + 337,882.55
V39 = 0.56 L38 + 62.44

L37 + V39 = L38 + V38
43.22 + 0.56 L38 + 62.44 = L38 + 87.07
-0.44 L38 = -18.60
L38 = 42.68
V39 = 86.52
L38 42.68
=
V39 86.52
= 0.4932
STAGE 39

Suhu = 72.3987 ℃ = 345.3987 K
Tekanan = 1.3429 atm = 1020.5835 mmHg
L38
Y40 = ( ) × (X39 − X38) + Y39
V39
L38 42.68
= = 0.49324
V39 86.52
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012

Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.5732 ℃ = 345.5732 K
Tekanan = 1.3517 atm = 1027.2614 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 56.0974 0.0546 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1028.1821 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 259.5022 0.2526 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H38L38 + H40V40 = H39L39 + H39V39
1. T = 72.3987 ℃ = 345.3987 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,931.33 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,206.51 2,205.70
H2O 0.0003 1,600.59 0.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,170.40 0.00
Total 1.000 12,908.83 2,206.20
2. T = 72.5732 ℃ = 345.5732 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,292.98 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,910.81 3,905.88
H2O 0.0012 3,578.39 4.39
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,817.26 0.00
Total 1.000 25,599.43 3,910.26
H38L38 + H40V40 = H39L39 + H39V39

93,793.49 + 3,910.26 V40 = 2,206.20 L39 + 337,046.47
V40 = 0.56 L39 + 62.21

L38 + V40 = L39 + V39
42.68 + 0.56 L39 + 62.21 = L39 + 86.52
-0.44 L39 = -18.36
L39 = 42.14
V40 = 85.98
L39 42.14
=
V40 85.98
= 0.4901
STAGE 40

Suhu = 72.5732 ℃ = 345.5732 K
Tekanan = 1.3517 atm = 1027.2614 mmHg
L39
Y41 = ( ) × (X40 − X39) + Y40
V40
L39 42.14
= = 0.49006
V40 85.98
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.7467 ℃ = 345.7467 K
Tekanan = 1.3604 atm = 1033.9392 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 56.5597 0.0547 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1034.8658 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 261.4228 0.2528 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H39L39 + H41V41 = H40L40 + H40V40
1. T = 72.5732 ℃ = 345.5732 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,946.54 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,214.88 2,214.08
H2O 0.0003 1,606.51 0.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,190.07 0.00
Total 1.000 12,957.99 2,214.57
2. T = 72.7467 ℃ = 345.7467 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,320.33 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,925.52 3,920.57
H2O 0.0012 3,591.42 4.40
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,856.60 0.00
Total 1.000 25,693.87 3,924.97
H39L39 + H41V41 = H40L40 + H40V40

92,961.47 + 3,924.97 V41 = 2,214.57 L40 + 336,214.44
V41 = 0.56 L40 + 61.98

L39 + V41 = L40 + V40
42.14 + 0.56 L40 + 61.98 = L40 + 85.98
-0.44 L40 = -18.13
L40 = 41.60
V41 = 85.45
L40 41.60
=
V41 85.45
= 0.4869
STAGE 41

Suhu = 72.7467 ℃ = 345.7467 K
Tekanan = 1.3604 atm = 1033.9392 mmHg
L40
Y42 = ( ) × (X41 − X40) + Y41
V41
L40 41.60
= = 0.48688
= = 0.48688
V41 85.45
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 72.9193 ℃ = 345.9193 K
Tekanan = 1.3692 atm = 1040.6170 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 57.0227 0.0548 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1041.5495 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 263.3450 0.2531 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H40L40 + H42V42 = H41L41 + H41V41
1. T = 72.7467 ℃ = 345.7467 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,961.67 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,223.22 2,222.40
H2O 0.0003 1,612.39 0.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,209.63 0.00
Total 1.000 13,006.91 2,222.90
2. T = 72.9193 ℃ = 345.9193 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,347.54 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,940.16 3,935.19
H2O 0.0012 3,604.38 4.42
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,895.73 0.00
Total 1.000 25,787.81 3,939.61
H40L40 + H42V42 = H41L41 + H41V41

92,133.46 + 3,939.61 V42 = 2,222.90 L41 + 335,386.44
V42 = 0.56 L41 + 61.75

L40 + V42 = L41 + V41
41.60 + 0.56 L41 + 61.75 = L41 + 85.45
-0.44 L41 = -17.90
L41 = 41.08
V42 = 84.92
L41 41.08
=
V42 84.92
= 0.4837
STAGE 42

Suhu = 72.9193 ℃ = 345.9193 K
Tekanan = 1.3692 atm = 1040.6170 mmHg
L41
Y43 = ( ) × (X42 − X41) + Y42
Y43 = ( ) × (X42 − X41) + Y42

V42
L41 41.08
= = 0.48369
V42 84.92
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 73.0909 ℃ = 346.0909 K
Tekanan = 1.3780 atm = 1047.2949 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 57.4865 0.0549 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1048.2333 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 265.2689 0.2533 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H41L41 + H43V43 = H42L42 + H42V42
1. T = 72.9193 ℃ = 345.9193 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,976.73 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,231.51 2,230.69
H2O 0.0003 1,618.24 0.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,229.10 0.00
Total 1.000 13,055.58 2,231.19
2. T = 73.0909 ℃ = 346.0909 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,374.61 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,954.72 3,949.74
H2O 0.0012 3,617.28 4.43

Na2SO4 0.0000 10,934.65 0.00
Total 1.000 25,881.26 3,954.17
H41L41 + H43V43 = H42L42 + H42V42

91,309.42 + 3,954.17 V43 = 2,231.19 L42 + 334,562.40
V43 = 0.56 L42 + 61.52

L41 + V43 = L42 + V42
41.08 + 0.56 L42 + 61.52 = L42 + 84.92
-0.44 L42 = -17.67
L42 = 40.56
V43 = 84.40
L42 40.56
=
V43 84.40
= 0.4805
STAGE 43

Suhu = 73.0909 ℃ = 346.0909 K
Tekanan = 1.3780 atm = 1047.2949 mmHg

L42
Y44 = ( ) × (X43 − X42) + Y43
V43
L42 40.56
= = 0.48051
V43 84.40
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 73.2617 ℃ = 346.2617 K
Tekanan = 1.3868 atm = 1053.9727 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 57.9511 0.0550 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1054.9170 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 267.1945 0.2535 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H42L42 + H44V44 = H43L43 + H43V43
1. T = 73.0909 ℃ = 346.0909 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 3,991.71 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,239.75 2,238.94
H2O 0.0003 1,624.07 0.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,248.47 0.00
Total 1.000 13,104.00 2,239.44
2. T = 73.2617 ℃ = 346.2617 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,401.55 0.00

CH3OH 0.9987 3,969.22 3,964.21
H2O 0.0012 3,630.11 4.45
Na2SO4 0.0000 10,973.37 0.00
Total 1.000 25,974.24 3,968.66
H42L42 + H44V44 = H43L43 + H43V43

90,489.31 + 3,968.66 V44 = 2,239.44 L43 + 333,742.29
V44 = 0.56 L43 + 61.29

L42 + V44 = L43 + V43
40.56 + 0.56 L43 + 61.29 = L43 + 84.40
-0.44 L43 = -17.45
L43 = 40.04
V44 = 83.89
L43 40.04
=
V44 83.89
= 0.4773
STAGE 44

Suhu = 73.2617 ℃ = 346.2617 K
Tekanan = 1.3868 atm = 1053.9727 mmHg
L43
Y45 = ( ) × (X44 − X43) + Y44
V44
L43 40.04
= = 0.47733
V44 83.89
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 73.4316 ℃ = 346.4316 K
Tekanan = 1.3956 atm = 1060.6506 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 58.4164 0.0551 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1061.6008 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 269.1218 0.2537 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H43L43 + H45V45 = H44L44 + H44V44
1. T = 73.2617 ℃ = 346.2617 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 4,006.62 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,247.96 2,247.14
H2O 0.0003 1,629.86 0.51
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,267.75 0.00
Total 1.000 13,152.18 2,247.65
2. T = 73.4316 ℃ = 346.4316 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,428.35 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,983.64 3,978.61
H2O 0.0012 3,642.87 4.47
Na2SO4 0.0000 11,011.88 0.00
Total 1.000 26,066.73 3,983.08
H43L43 + H45V45 = H44L44 + H44V44

89,673.09 + 3,983.08 V45 = 2,247.65 L44 + 332,926.06
V45 = 0.56 L44 + 61.07

L43 + V45 = L44 + V44
40.04 + 0.56 L44 + 61.07 = L44 + 83.89
-0.44 L44 = -17.23
L44 = 39.54
V45 = 83.38
L44 39.54
=
V45 83.38
= 0.4741
STAGE 45

Suhu = 73.4316 ℃ = 346.4316 K
Tekanan = 1.3956 atm = 1060.6506 mmHg
L44
Y46 = ( ) × (X45 − X44) + Y45
V45
L44 39.54
= = 0.47415
V45 83.38
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 73.6006 ℃ = 346.6006 K
Tekanan = 1.4044 atm = 1067.3284 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 58.8826 0.0552 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1068.2845 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 271.0507 0.2540 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H44L44 + H46V46 = H45L45 + H45V45
1. T = 73.4316 ℃ = 346.4316 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 4,021.45 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,256.13 2,255.30
H2O 0.0003 1,635.62 0.51
Na2SO4 0.0000 5,286.92 0.00
Total 1.000 13,200.12 2,255.81

2. T = 73.6006 ℃ = 346.6006 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,455.02 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 3,997.98 3,992.94
H2O 0.0012 3,655.56 4.48
Na2SO4 0.0000 11,050.20 0.00
Total 1.000 26,158.76 3,997.43
H44L44 + H46V46 = H45L45 + H45V45

88,860.71 + 3,997.43 V46 = 2,255.81 L45 + 332,113.69
V46 = 0.56 L45 + 60.85

L44 + V46 = L45 + V45
39.54 + 0.56 L45 + 60.85 = L45 + 83.38
-0.44 L45 = -17.01
L45 = 39.03
V46 = 82.88
L45 39.03
=
V46 82.88
= 0.4710
STAGE 46

Suhu = 73.6006 ℃ = 346.6006 K
Tekanan = 1.4044 atm = 1067.3284 mmHg
L45
Y47 = ( ) × (X46 − X45) + Y46
V46
L45 39.03
= = 0.47097
V46 82.88
C3H4O2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9996 0.9996 0.9987 0.9987
H2O 0.0003 0.0003 0.0012 0.0012
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000 1.0000 1.0000

Suhu = 73.7687 ℃ = 346.7687 K
Tekanan = 1.4132 atm = 1074.0062 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0000 59.3495 0.0553 0.0000
CH3OH 0.9987 1074.9682 1.0009 0.9996
H2O 0.0012 272.9812 0.2542 0.0003
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.000

H45L45 + H47V47 = H46L46 + H46V46
1. T = 73.6006 ℃ = 346.6006 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 4,036.22 0.00
CH3OH 0.9996 2,264.25 2,263.42
H2O 0.0003 1,641.35 0.51

Na2SO4 0.0000 5,306.01 0.00
Total 1.000 13,247.83 2,263.93
2. T = 73.7687 ℃ = 346.7687 K
TReff = 25 ℃ = 298.0000 K
C3H4O2 0.0000 7,481.55 0.00
CH3OH 0.9987 4,012.26 4,007.21
H2O 0.0012 3,668.19 4.50
Na2SO4 0.0000 11,088.32 0.00
Total 1.000 26,250.32 4,011.70
H45L45 + H47V47 = H46L46 + H46V46

88,052.15 + 4,011.70 V47 = 2,263.93 L46 + 331,305.12
V47 = 0.56 L46 + 60.64

L45 + V47 = L46 + V46
39.03 + 0.56 L46 + 60.64 = L46 + 82.88
-0.44 L46 = -16.79
L46 = 38.54
V47 = 82.38
L46 38.54
=
V47 82.38
= 0.4678
REBOILER
Perhitungan dilakukan secara Down-Top sehingga diperoleh :
V' = V0
= 112.513 kmol/jam
L' = L0 + Feed
= 68.6666 + 112.77
= 181.43 kmol/jam
V' 112.51
=
L' 181.43
= 0.62014
Kondisi Operasi Reboiler :

Suhu = 111.6670 ℃ = 384.6670 K
Tekanan = 1.4220 atm = 1080.6841 mmHg
Komponen kmol/jam XB P0i Ki YB = XB× Ki
C3H4O2 0.0775 0.0011 288.8518 0.2673 0.0003
CH3OH 0.0657 0.0010 3755.6639 3.4753 0.0033
H2O 65.7157 0.9535 1129.4616 1.0451 0.9966
Na2SO4 3.0604 0.0444 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 68.9192 1.0000 1.000
X47 = 0.62014 YB + 0.37986 XB

Suhu = 110.5055 ℃ = 383.5055 K
Tekanan = 1.4132 atm = 1074.0062 mmHg
Komponen X47 P0i Ki Y47 = X47× Ki
C3H4O2 0.0006 276.6295 0.2576 0.0002
CH3OH 0.0024 3629.1283 3.3791 0.0082
H2O 0.9802 1086.5028 1.0116 0.9916
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000
Komponen XB YB X47 Y47 X46
C3H4O2 0.0011 0.0003 0.0006 0.0002 0.0005

CH3OH 0.0010 0.0033 0.0024 0.0082 0.0054
H2O 0.9535 0.9966 0.9802 0.9916 0.9771
Na2SO4 0.0444 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Suhu = 110.1125 ℃ = 383.1125 K
Tekanan = 1.4044 atm = 1067.3284 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 272.5933 0.2554 0.0001
CH3OH 0.0054 3587.0962 3.3608 0.0182
H2O 0.9771 1072.2737 1.0046 0.9817
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000
Komponen X47 Y47 X46 Y46 X45

C3H4O2 0.0006 0.0002 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0024 0.0082 0.0054 0.0182 0.0117
H2O 0.9802 0.9916 0.9771 0.9817 0.9710
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Suhu = 109.4816 ℃ = 382.4816 K
Tekanan = 1.3956 atm = 1060.6506 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 266.2186 0.2510 0.0001
CH3OH 0.0117 3520.4553 3.3191 0.0387
H2O 0.9710 1049.7564 0.9897 0.9610
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0054 0.0182 0.0117 0.0387 0.0244
H2O 0.9771 0.9817 0.9710 0.9610 0.9582
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169

Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Suhu = 108.4284 ℃ = 381.4284 K
Tekanan = 1.3868 atm = 1053.9727 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 255.8554 0.2428 0.0001
CH3OH 0.0244 3411.4265 3.2367 0.0789
H2O 0.9582 1013.0317 0.9612 0.9209
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0117 0.0387 0.0244 0.0789 0.0493
H2O 0.9710 0.9610 0.9582 0.9209 0.9333
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Suhu = 106.6097 ℃ = 379.6097 K
Tekanan = 1.3780 atm = 1047.2949 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 238.7597 0.2280 0.0001
CH3OH 0.0493 3229.5836 3.0837 0.1520
H2O 0.9333 952.1090 0.9091 0.8485
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0244 0.0789 0.0493 0.1520 0.0946
H2O 0.9582 0.9209 0.9333 0.8485 0.8884

Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 103.5885 ℃ = 376.5885 K
Tekanan = 1.3692 atm = 1040.6170 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 212.4887 0.2042 0.0001
CH3OH 0.0946 2944.8683 2.8299 0.2678
H2O 0.8884 857.5945 0.8241 0.7321
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0493 0.1520 0.0946 0.2678 0.1665
H2O 0.9333 0.8485 0.8884 0.7321 0.8162
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.001 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 99.4108 ℃ = 372.4108 K
Tekanan = 1.3604 atm = 1033.9392 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 180.2125 0.1743 0.0001
CH3OH 0.1665 2584.9627 2.5001 0.4162
H2O 0.8162 739.7867 0.7155 0.5840
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.0946 0.2678 0.1665 0.4162 0.2584

H2O 0.8884 0.7321 0.8162 0.5840 0.7244
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 94.7453 ℃ = 367.7453 K
Tekanan = 1.3517 atm = 1027.2614 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 149.1726 0.1452 0.0001
CH3OH 0.2584 2226.0879 2.1670 0.5600
H2O 0.7244 624.4016 0.6078 0.4403
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.1665 0.4162 0.2584 0.5600 0.3477
H2O 0.8162 0.5840 0.7244 0.4403 0.6353
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 90.7630 ℃ = 363.7630 K
Tekanan = 1.3429 atm = 1020.5835 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 126.3910 0.1238 0.0001
CH3OH 0.3477 1952.8306 1.9134 0.6652
H2O 0.6353 538.1350 0.5273 0.3350
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000
C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005

CH3OH 0.2584 0.5600 0.3477 0.6652 0.4129
H2O 0.7244 0.4403 0.6353 0.3350 0.5699
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 88.0845 ℃ = 361.0845 K
Tekanan = 1.3341 atm = 1013.9057 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 112.7959 0.1112 0.0001
CH3OH 0.4129 1784.9238 1.7604 0.7269
H2O 0.5699 485.8944 0.4792 0.2731
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.000

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005
CH3OH 0.3477 0.6652 0.4129 0.7269 0.4511
H2O 0.6353 0.3350 0.5699 0.2731 0.5316
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Suhu = 86.5499 ℃ = 359.5499 K
Tekanan = 1.3253 atm = 1007.2278 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 105.5844 0.1048 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4511 1694.1622 1.6820 0.7588
H2O 0.5316 457.9210 0.4546 0.2417
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4129 0.7269 0.4511 0.7588 0.4709
H2O 0.5699 0.2731 0.5316 0.2417 0.5121
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.001 1.000

Suhu = 85.6844 ℃ = 358.6844 K
Tekanan = 1.3165 atm = 1000.5500 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 101.6938 0.1016 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4709 1644.6615 1.6438 0.7741
H2O 0.5121 442.7473 0.4425 0.2266
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4511 0.7588 0.4709 0.7741 0.4804
H2O 0.5316 0.2417 0.5121 0.2266 0.5027
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 85.1518 ℃ = 358.1518 K
Tekanan = 1.3077 atm = 993.8722 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 99.3609 0.1000 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4804 1614.7913 1.6247 0.7805
H2O 0.5027 433.6202 0.4363 0.2193
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4709 0.7741 0.4804 0.7805 0.4844
H2O 0.5121 0.2266 0.5027 0.2193 0.4982
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 84.8348 ℃ = 357.8348 K
Tekanan = 1.2989 atm = 987.1943 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 97.9945 0.0993 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4844 1597.2271 1.6179 0.7837
H2O 0.4982 428.2637 0.4338 0.2161
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4804 0.7805 0.4844 0.7837 0.4864
H2O 0.5027 0.2193 0.4982 0.2161 0.4962
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 84.5783 ℃ = 357.5783 K
Tekanan = 1.2902 atm = 980.5165 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 96.9006 0.0988 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4864 1583.1293 1.6146 0.7853
H2O 0.4962 423.9700 0.4324 0.2146
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4844 0.7837 0.4864 0.7853 0.4874
H2O 0.4982 0.2161 0.4962 0.2146 0.4953
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 84.3542 ℃ = 357.3542 K
Tekanan = 1.2814 atm = 973.8387 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 95.9533 0.0985 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4874 1570.8945 1.6131 0.7862
H2O 0.4953 420.2478 0.4315 0.2137
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4864 0.7853 0.4874 0.7862 0.4879
H2O 0.4962 0.2146 0.4953 0.2137 0.4947
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 84.1439 ℃ = 357.1439 K
Tekanan = 1.2726 atm = 967.1608 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 95.0716 0.0983 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4879 1559.4835 1.6124 0.7867
H2O 0.4947 416.7797 0.4309 0.2132
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4874 0.7862 0.4879 0.7867 0.4882
H2O 0.4953 0.2137 0.4947 0.2132 0.4944
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 83.9391 ℃ = 356.9391 K
Tekanan = 1.2638 atm = 960.4830 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 94.2197 0.0981 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4882 1548.4368 1.6121 0.7871
H2O 0.4944 413.4256 0.4304 0.2128
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4879 0.7867 0.4882 0.7871 0.4885
H2O 0.4947 0.2132 0.4944 0.2128 0.4942
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 83.7361 ℃ = 356.7361 K
Tekanan = 1.2550 atm = 953.8051 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 93.3817 0.0979 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4885 1537.5504 1.6120 0.7874
H2O 0.4942 410.1232 0.4300 0.2125

Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4882 0.7871 0.4885 0.7874 0.4887
H2O 0.4944 0.2128 0.4942 0.2125 0.4940
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 83.5332 ℃ = 356.5332 K
Tekanan = 1.2462 atm = 947.1273 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 92.5506 0.0977 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4887 1526.7344 1.6120 0.7877
H2O 0.4940 406.8453 0.4296 0.2122
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4885 0.7874 0.4887 0.7877 0.4888
H2O 0.4942 0.2125 0.4940 0.2122 0.4938
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 83.3298 ℃ = 356.3298 K
Tekanan = 1.2374 atm = 940.4495 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 91.7235 0.0975 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4888 1515.9494 1.6119 0.7880

H2O 0.4938 403.5799 0.4291 0.2119
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4887 0.7877 0.4888 0.7880 0.4890
H2O 0.4940 0.2122 0.4938 0.2119 0.4936
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 83.1254 ℃ = 356.1254 K
Tekanan = 1.2286 atm = 933.7716 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 90.8990 0.0973 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4890 1505.1779 1.6119 0.7883
H2O 0.4936 400.3216 0.4287 0.2116
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4888 0.7880 0.4890 0.7883 0.4892
H2O 0.4938 0.2119 0.4936 0.2116 0.4934
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 82.9199 ℃ = 355.9199 K
Tekanan = 1.2199 atm = 927.0938 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 90.0765 0.0972 0.0000

CH3OH 0.4892 1494.4123 1.6119 0.7886
H2O 0.4934 397.0683 0.4283 0.2113
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4890 0.7883 0.4892 0.7886 0.4894
H2O 0.4936 0.2116 0.4934 0.2113 0.4933
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 82.7133 ℃ = 355.7133 K
Tekanan = 1.2111 atm = 920.4159 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 89.2558 0.0970 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4894 1483.6493 1.6119 0.7888
H2O 0.4933 393.8188 0.4279 0.2111
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4892 0.7886 0.4894 0.7888 0.4895
H2O 0.4934 0.2113 0.4933 0.2111 0.4931
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 82.5055 ℃ = 355.5055 K
Tekanan = 1.2023 atm = 913.7381 mmHg

C3H4O2 0.0005 88.4367 0.0968 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4895 1472.8875 1.6119 0.7891
H2O 0.4931 390.5728 0.4274 0.2108
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0005
CH3OH 0.4894 0.7888 0.4895 0.7891 0.4897
H2O 0.4933 0.2111 0.4931 0.2108 0.4929
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.000 1.00 1.000 1.00 1.000

Suhu = 82.2964 ℃ = 355.2964 K
Tekanan = 1.1935 atm = 907.0603 mmHg
C3H4O2 0.0005 87.6193 0.0966 0.0000
CH3OH 0.4897 1462.1261 1.6119 0.7894
H2O 0.4929 387.3302 0.4270 0.2105
Na2SO4 0.0169 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.00

C3H4O2 0.4931 0.2108 0.0005 0.0000 -0.1302
CH3OH 0.0169 0.0000 0.4897 0.7894 0.9793
H2O 1.0000 0.9999 0.4929 0.2105 0.0033
Na2SO4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0169 0.0000 0.0169
Total 1.510 1.21 1.000 1.00 0.869
Profil Suhu Menara Distilasi - 01 (Plate to Plate)
Dari hasil perhitungan, diperoleh kondisi operasi masing-masing stage/tray sebagai berikut :
Stage Tekanan (atm) Suhu (K) Kemiringan
Kondensor 0 1.0004 337.76 0.2148
1 1.0090 337.98 0.1882
2 1.0178 338.17 0.2178
3 1.0266 338.38 0.2179
4 1.0353 338.60 0.2160
5 1.0441 338.82 0.2146
6 1.0529 339.03 0.2131
7 1.0617 339.25 0.2117
8 1.0705 339.46 0.2102
9 1.0793 339.67 0.2088
10 1.0881 339.88 0.2074
11 1.0968 340.08 0.2061
12 1.1056 340.29 0.2047
13 1.1144 340.49 0.2034
14 1.1232 340.70 0.2021
15 1.1320 340.90 0.2008

16 1.1408 341.10 0.1995
17 1.1496 341.30 0.1982
18 1.1584 341.50 0.1970
19 1.1671 341.70 0.1958
20 1.1759 341.89 0.1946
21 1.1847 342.09 13.2110
22 1.1935 355.30 0.2091
23 1.2023 355.51 0.2078
24 1.2111 355.71 0.2066
25 1.2199 355.92 0.2055
26 1.2286 356.13 0.2044
27 1.2374 356.33 0.2035
28 1.2462 356.53 0.2029
29 1.2550 356.74 0.2030
30 1.2638 356.94 0.2048
31 1.2726 357.14 0.2103
32 1.2814 357.35 0.2241
33 1.2902 357.58 0.2565
34 1.2989 357.83 0.3170
35 1.3077 358.15 0.5326
36 1.3165 358.68 0.8655
37 1.3253 359.55 1.5346
38 1.3341 361.08 2.6785
39 1.3429 363.76 3.9823
40 1.3517 367.75 4.6655
41 1.3604 372.41 4.1777
42 1.3692 376.59 3.0212
43 1.3780 379.61 1.8187
44 1.3868 381.43 1.0532
45 1.3956 382.48 0.6309
46 1.4044 383.11 0.3931
47 1.4132 383.51 1.1615
Reboiler 48 1.4220 384.67
Berdasarkan perhitungan, stage ke-21 memiliki kemiringan tercuram, oleh karena itu
suhu pada plate ini dijaga tetap.
Berikut gambar grafik profil suhu plate-to-plate Menara Distilasi - 01 :
Grafik Profil Suhu Plate-to-Plate Menara Distilasi - 01

390
386
382
378
374
370
366
362
358
354
350
346
342
338
334
330
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48
mperatur umpan maka
𝑋_(ℎ𝑘,𝐷) 𝐷)/(𝑍_(ℎ𝑘,𝐹) 𝐹)
2272)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×438461)/(0,5838×112,7653)
,7633)/(1,8518−1) (0,0027×438461)/(0,5838×112,7653)
1,8518−1) (0,0027×438461)/(0,5838×112,7653)
1,8518−1) (0,0027×43,8461)/(0,5838×112,7653)
Hill, New York, 1991
ons, 1911, halaman 86
g berasal dari reboiler,
Design And Economic
3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )
3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )
〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )+𝐸/5 (𝑇^5− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^5 )
3 )+𝐷/4 (𝑇^4− 〖
𝑇 _𝑅𝑒𝑓 〗^4 )

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DATA DENSITAS : YAWS, 1999 80 C

Komponen A B n Tc (1-T/Tc)^n B^-(1-T/Tc)^n ρ

Komponen A B n Tc (1-T/Tc)^n B^-(1-T/Tc)^n ρ

H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.82790308 2.9207073297649 1.013777514

Menara Distilasi 64.0759 C 337.08 K Atas

Menara Distilasi 81.10 C 354.10 K Umpan

Densitas Campuran Umpan

Komp A B C D (B/T) (C*T) (D*T^2) Viskositas

Komp A B C D (B/T) (C*T) (D*T^2) Viskositas

H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 5.73E+00 5.55E+00 -1.24E+00 0.665

μ campuran = 0.0004 kg/m.s

Data Kapasitas Panas (Cp f(T)) Fase Gas :

Reaksi = C3H4O2 + CH3OH → C4H6O2 + H2O

Asam Sulfat Natium Hidroksida

Perbandingan Mol C3H4O2 dan CH3OH yaitu = 1 : 2 ,( US Patent 3,875,212)

FAo = 100 kmol/jam

Neraca Massa Total Reaktor-01 :

Viskositas (Log 10 = A + B/T + CT + DT^2) (cP)

Kecepatan Volumetrik Umpan yaitu :

Asumsi : CH3OH yang terpisah mengandung 1% fase ringan.

Sehingga diperoleh hasil atas dekanter :

Maka komposisi hasil atas dekanter:

Sehingga diperoleh hasil bawah dekanter :

= 0.9946 kmol/jam × 72 kg/kmol

= 100.4504 kmol/jam × 32 kg/kmol

= 148.9485 kmol/jam × 18 kg/kmol

= 6.9621 kmol/jam × 142 kg/kmol

Maka komposisi hasil bawah dekanter :

Kecepatan Volumetrik Hasil Bawah (Fase Berat) yaitu :

μ campuran = 0.0003314 kg/m.s

Hasil Bawah (Fase Berat)

μ campuran = 0.0004048 kg/m.s

Menentukan Koefisien Distribusi (ϴ) pada Hasil Keluaran Dekanter 1 (DC-01)

Neraca Massa Dekanter 01 :

MENARA DISTILASI (MD-01)

Umpan Menara Distilasi 01

Persamaan Tekanan Uap :

Sehingga harga konstanta kesetimbangan fase uap-cair (K) dapat ditentukan :

Dimana, K = konstanta kesetimbangan fase uap-cair

2. Kondisi Operasi Atas

NERACA MASSA KONTINYU

Terjadi perubahan Input pada fresh feed metanol sebesar

MENARA DISTILASI (MD-01)

Reaksi = C3H4O2 + CH3OH → C4H6O2 + H2O

Asam Sulfat Natium Hidroksida

Perbandingan Mol C3H4O2 dan CH3OH yaitu = 1 : 2 ,( US Patent 3,875,212)

FAo = 44.32005938 kmol/jam

Neraca Massa Total Reaktor-01 :

Viskositas (Log 10 = A + B/T + CT + DT^2) (cP)

Kecepatan Volumetrik Umpan yaitu :

Asumsi : CH3OH yang terpisah mengandung 1% fase ringan.

Sehingga diperoleh hasil atas dekanter :

Maka komposisi hasil atas dekanter:

Sehingga diperoleh hasil bawah dekanter :

= 0.4408 kmol/jam × 72 kg/kmol

= 44.5197 kmol/jam × 32 kg/kmol

= 66.0141 kmol/jam × 18 kg/kmol

= 3.0856 kmol/jam × 142 kg/kmol

Maka komposisi hasil bawah dekanter :

Komp A B C D (B/T) (CT) (DT^2) Viskositas

Komp A B C D (B/T) (CT) (DT^2) Viskositas