Alloy Selector Guide Americasttech

Alloy Selector Guide
Revised 2013
BEP - Bradken Energy Products Alloy Guide 2013 Tacoma, Washington; Chehalis, Washington; London, Ontario
Introduction
The BEP Alloy Selector Guide presents ASTM Specifications in numerical order to facilitate quick reference and tentative
material selection. It is impossible to cover each specification in detail. The following pages are brief descriptions of the salient
features of each specification. ASTM specifications can be purchased from ASTM.org.
BEP, Bradken Energy Products, consists of Bradken-Tacoma (formerly known as Atlas Foundry and Atlas Castings and
Technology), Bradken Chehalis, and Bradken London (formerly known as AG Anderson). These facilities produce castings from a
wide variation of materials, especially carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, and nickel base alloys. The London facility also
produces some cast iron grades. This guide reflects requirements of the latest ASTM Standard: Volume 01.02, Ferrous Castings;
Ferroalloys. This selector also includes other alloys not included in ASTM that are cast by Bradken-Tacoma, e.g. alloys for military
and offshore applications.
From engineering to the finished casting product, BEP helps to define and meet every casting requirement presented by its
customers. Chehalis and London melt using induction furnaces. Tacoma melts metal using basic arc furnaces and AOD refining.
Tacoma’s AOD (Argon, Oxygen, and Decarburization) refining process creates clean metal that can have exceptional properties.
Table of Contents
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Typical Footnotes and Nomenclature ................................................................................................................................................... 3
ASTM A27 – Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application ............................................................................................................. 4
ASTM A148 – Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes ................................................................................................. 5
ASTM A216 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service .................................................... 6
ASTM A217 – Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service.... 7
ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application ............................. 8
ASTM A351 – Castings; Austenitic for Pressure-Containing Parts ....................................................................................................... 9
ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service .......... 11
ASTM A356 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines ....................................... 12
ASTM A389 – Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service13
ASTM A447 – Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25Cr-12Ni Class), for High-Temperature Service .................................. 13
ASTM A487 – Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service .............................................................................................................. 14
Page 1
ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy ................................................................................................................................ 16

ASTM A743 – Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application ................................. 17
ASTM A744 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service .................................................................. 20
ASTM A747 – Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening ...................................................................................................... 21
ASTM A757 – Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, Pressure-Containing and Other Applications, for Low-Temperature Service . 22
ASTM A890 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) General Application . 23
ASTM A915 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades .............................. 24
ASTM A958 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Tensile and Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades ........... 25
ASTM A990 – Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium, Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled, Pressure Retaining Parts, Corrosive Service.... 27
ASTM A995 – Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts.................................................. 28
ASTM A1001 - High Strength Castings in Heavy Sections ................................................................................................................. 29
Offshore, Military, NAVSEA, and Other Alloys, not listed under ASTM Specifications ........................................................................ 31
Metallurgical Tests ............................................................................................................................................................................. 33
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS (NDE) .................................................................................................................................. 34
NDE TYPES ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
NDE SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Hardness Conversions ....................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Austenitic Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 36
Duplex Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions................................................................................................................................ 37
CA6NM - Martensitic Stainless Steel ................................................................................................................................................................. 38
Bradken Alloy Cross Reference Tables ......................................................................................................................................... 39-40
Bradken Alloy Data Sheets ........................................................................................................................................................... 41-62
Page 2
Typical Footnotes and Nomenclature

a) Indicated treatments are typical, other treatments may be applied to meet specific requirements.
A = full anneal
N = normalize
T = temper
Q = water quench
C = as cast
S = solution anneal
PH = precipitation hardening
FA = force air quench
NT/QT = choice of NT or QT
“~” = “approximately equal to”.
b) Values are either required range or minimum.
c) Not required by ASTM, values are typical at +70˚F unless otherwise noted.
d) Chemistry of Tacoma (internal) Alloy may be slightly modified from material type. The 3 and 4 digit numbers are AISI Grades.
A list of trademarks is provided.
e) A “Manganese for Carbon” substitution is allowed. See specific ASTM specification Table for Chemical Requirements.
Page 3
ASTM A27 – Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

 These are the most commonly used grades of cast steel for general application.
o Up to 70 ksi minimum tensile strength.
o Excellent weldability and machinability.
 These materials can be supplied in the following heat treated condition:
o Normalized, normalized and tempered, or quench and tempered.
 Chemical compositions have carbon, manganese, silicon, sulfur and phosphorous maximums.
The purchaser must specify both the grade and class desired. The grade specifies tensile and chemical requirements and the class indicates the
post weld heat treatment: (See ASTM A27 paragraph 9.2)
 Class 1: Casting must be post weld heat-treated and the welds to be heat-treated must be defined.
 Class 2: Post weld heat treatment is not required.
ASTM A27- Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat Typical
Elong Red of Approx. Tacoma
Grade Treatment Tensile Yield Hardnes
in 2" Area C Mn Si Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi) s
(%) (%) Type (d)
HBW
N-1 QT or NT Chemistry only 150 .25(e) 0.75 0.80 1020 J02500 720, 725
N-2 QT or NT Chemistry only 150 .35(e) 0.60 0.80 1020 J03500 720, 725
No Quote
U-60-30
As Cast
60-30 QT or NT 60 30 24 35 150 .30(e) 0.60 0.80 1020 J03000 720
65-35 QT or NT 65 35 24 35 160 .30(e) 0.70 0.80 1020 J03001 725
70-36 QT or NT 70 36 22 30 160 .35(e) 0.70 0.80 1025 J03501 725
Page 4
ASTM A148 – Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes

 This specification is the most used specification in the low alloy group throughout the industry.
 Heat treatment methods are the option of the manufacturer.
 Mechanical properties are the prime criteria for these materials.
 Chemical composition limits are imposed on sulfur and phosphorus only. The alloy is chosen by the foundry for best compliance to the grade
required.
 When the maximum thickness of the casting is >3 inches and will be Q+T, then a test block Tx3Tx3T is imposed up to a maximum of T=5
inches.
ASTM A148 - Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structional Purposes
Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat
Elong Red. of Charpy Typical Tacoma
Grade Treatment Tensile Yield
in 2" Area V-Notch Hardness Chemical Composition % – Range or Maximum Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) (ft•lbf/°F) BHW (d)
80-40 QT or NT 80 40 18 30 183 820*831*
80-50 QT or NT 80 50 22 35 183 820*831*
90-60 QT 90 60 20 40 212 820*831*

*Tacoma alloy 820 is typically used for these grades for
105-85 QT 105 85 17 35 255 up to 4 inches in wall thickness. Atlas alloy 831 820*831*
is typically used for thickness exceeding 4 inches.
115-95 QT 115 95 14 30 269 820*831*
130-115 QT 130 115 11 25 293 820*831*
135-125 QT 135 125 9 22 311 820*831*
150-135 QT 150 135 7 18 340
160-145 QT 160 145 6 12 364
165-150 QT 165 150 5 20 387

These alloys are best for smaller thinner castings (<500lb). The chemistry selected for these grades is
165-150L QT 165 150 5 20 20/-40 387 dependent on the casting configuration and size. Chemistry may be selected by the foundry or, by agreement,
may be prescribed by the purchaser. These grades are very hard, crack prone, and difficult to weld and
210-180 QT 210 180 4 15 444
machine. Note the low elongation values specified.
210-180L QT 210 180 4 15 15/-40 444
260-210 QT 260 210 3 6 500
260-210L QT 260 210 3 6 6/-40 500
Page 5
ASTM A216 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
 Carbon steel castings are typically used for fittings, pumps, valves, flanges or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service.
 All three grades have excellent machinability and weldability.
 Repairs by welding shall be made using procedures and welders qualified under ASTM A488 or in accordance with the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
 Supplemental requirement, S11, may be imposed for maximum carbon equivalent to control weldability.
 Supplementary requirement, S15, allows a water quench and temper heat treatment when specified by the user. When Charpy V-notch
impact toughness is required, water quench and temper will be invoked.
 Supplementary requirement, S16, is for Hydrofluoric acid service. This limits residual elements to very low levels. For this requirement
select Tacoma Alloy 711.
ASTM A216 - Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat
Elong Red of Charpy Typical Approx. Tacoma
Grade (PW) Treatment Tensile Yield
in 2" Area V-Notch Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) (ft-lb/ºF) HBW Type (d)
WCA NT 60-85 30 24 35 150 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1020 J02502 720, 725
WCB NT 70-95 36 22 35 155 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1025 J03002 725
WCB NT 70-95 36 22 35 155 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1025 J03002 711
S15 for
WCB QT per S15 70-95 36 22 35 150 .30(e) 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1020 J03002 725, 716
CVN
WCC NT 70-95 40 22 35 150 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 J02503 725
S15 for
WCC QT per S15 70-95 40 22 35 150 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 J02503 725, 717
CVN
Page 6
ASTM A217 – Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
 These materials are used for turbines, compressors, valves, flanges, fittings and other pressure containing parts for relatively high
temperatures and mildly corrosive media.
 Heat treatment and chemical composition are rigidly prescribed.
 All grades are readily weldable and machinable, when proper techniques are followed.
 Major repair welds require a thermal stress relief or re-heat treatment.
ASTM A217 - Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service
Mechanical Property Requirements Min. Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat Typical
in 2" Area C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi) s
(%) (%) Type (d)
HBW
WC1 NT 65-90 35.0 24.0 35.0 155.0 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 .35 .45-.65 J12524 802
WC4 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082
WC5 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J22000
1 1/4 Cr 1/2
WC6 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 180.0 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 1.0-1.5 .45-.65 J12072 853
Mo
WC9 NT 70-95 40.0 20.0 35.0 190.0 .05-.18 .40-.70 0.6 2-2.75 .90-1.2 2 1/4 Cr 1Mo J21890 854
WC11 NT 80-105 50.0 18.0 45.0 180.0 .15-.21 .50-.80 .30-.60 1.0-1.5 .45-.65 J11872 856
C5 NT 90-115 60.0 18.0 35.0 205.0 0.2 .40-.70 0.75 4-6.5 .45-.65 5 Cr J42045 855
C12 NT 90-115 60.0 18.0 35.0 210.0 0.2 .35-.65 1 8-10 .90-1.2 9 Cr J82090 869
0.08 - N .03-.07
C12A NT 85-110 60.0 18.0 45.0 195 - 250 .30-.60 .20-.50 8-9.5 0.4 .85-1.05 P91, F91 J84090 859
0.12 V .18-.25
CA-15 NT 90-115 65.0 18.0 30.0 220.0 0.15 1 1.5 11.5-14.0 1 0.5 410 J91150 900
Page 7
ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
 Tacoma Alloy 936 is a heat resistant alloy that has proven to be an excellent material for die molds. 936 is a proprietary to Tacoma. (See
Alloy 936 Data Sheet on page 53).
 The heat resistant grades have relatively high carbon content. Bradken-London makes these grades, Tacoma does not.
 They are for section thicknesses less than 3 inches. Thicker sections will have a propensity to crack.
 All grades have either relatively high or very high chromium and/or nickel contents.
 Castings for heat-resistant service may be shipped in the as-cast condition without heat treatment.
 If heat treatment is required, it shall be established by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser and shall be so
specified in the inquiry, contract, or order.
ASTM A297 - Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application
Heat
Elong Typical Approx. Tacoma
in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) HBW Type (d)
HF C 70 35 25 165 .20-.40 2.0 2.0 18-23 8-12 0.5 302B J92603
HH C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 24-28 11-14 0.5 309 J93503
HI C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 14-18 0.5 J94003
HK C 65 35 10 170 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 24-28 18-22 0.5 310 J94224
HE C 85 40 9 240 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 8-11 0.5 312 J93403
HT C 65 4 180 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 33-37 0.5 330 N08605
HU C 65 4 170 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 17-21 37-41 0.5 N08004
HW C 60 185 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 10-14 58-62 0.5 N08001
HX C 60 175 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 64-68 0.5 N06006
HC C 55 200 0.5 1.0 2.0 26-30 4.0 0.5 446 J92605
HD C 75 35 8 190 0.5 1.5 2.0 26-30 4-7 0.5 327 J93005
HL C 65 35 10 190 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 28-32 18-22 0.5 N08604
HN C 63 8 160 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 19-23 23-27 0.5 J94213
HP C 62.5 34 4.5 160 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 24-28 33-37 0.5 N08705
11.5 -
HG10 MNN C 76 33 20 .07 - .11 3.0 - 5.0 0.7 18.5 - 20.5 .25 - .45 J92604
13.5
CT15C C 63 25 20 .05 - .15 .15 - 1.5 .15 - 1.5 19 - 21 31 - 34
Page 8
ASTM A351 – Castings; Austenitic for Pressure-Containing Parts
 This specification covers austenitic and austenitic-ferritic (duplex) steel castings designed for use in pumps, valves, fittings, flanges and
other pressure-containing parts intended for high-temperature and/or corrosive service.
 Many of the grades carry the same alloy designations as those listed under Specification ASTM A743 and A744: Corrosion Resistant
Castings, and contain the same basic chemistry.
 Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800˚F [425˚C].
 The duplex grades have been removed from this specification. See A995.
 The HK, HT, and CT 15˚C grades are normally furnished as-cast without heat treatment.
 All other grades are furnished in the solution-annealed condition.
 When austenitic steel castings are to be used in services where they will be subject to stress corrosion, the purchaser should so indicate in
his order. Such castings should be solution-heat treated following all repair welds.
ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts

Heat
in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Other Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) HBW Type (d)
CF3 Q 70 30 35 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 0.5 J92500 911
CF3A Q 77 35 35 160 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 0.5 J92700 911
CF8 Q 70 30 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 304 J92700 910
CF8A Q 77 35 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 304 J92600 913
CF3M Q 70 30 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921
CF3MA Q 80 37 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 J92800 921 mod
CF8M Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920
CF3MN Q 75 37 35 160 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 N .1-.2 316LN J92804 929
CF8C Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 0.5 Cb (A) 347 J92710 916
CF10 Q 70 30 35 160 .04 - .10 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 0.5 J92950 910 mod
Page 9
ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts Continued

Heat
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) HBW Type (d)
CF10M Q 70 30 30 160 .04 - .10 1.50 1.5 18-21 9-12 2-3 J92901 928
CH8 Q 65 28 30 160 0.08 1.5 1.5 22-26 12-15 0.5 J93400
CH10 Q 70 30 30 180 .04 - .10 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 0.5 309S J93401 930
CH20 Q 70 30 30 180 .04 - .20 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 0.5 309 J93402 930
CK20 Q 65 28 30 160 .04 - .20 1.5 1.8 23-27 19-22 0.5 310 J94202 940
HK30 C 65 35 10 160 .25-.35 1.5 1.75 23-27 19-22 0.5 J94203 London
HK40 C 62 35 10 160 .35-.45 1.5 1.75 23-27 19-22 0.5 J94204 London
HT30 C 65 28 15 160 .25-.35 2.0 2.5 13-17 33-37 0.5 N08030 London
CF10MC Q 70 30 20 180 0.1 1.5 1.5 15-18 13-16 1.75-2.25 Cb (B) J92971
CN7M Q 62 25 35 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948
N .18-.26
CN3MN Q 80 38 35 190 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 AL-6XN J94651 949
Cu .75
CE8MN Q 95 65 25 0.08 1.0 1.5 22.5-25.5 8-11 3-4.5 N .1-.3
CG8M Q 75 35 25 190 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 914
N .18-.24
CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 190 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7 254SMO J93254 951
Cu .5-1
Cb .1-.3
CG6MMN Q 85 42.5 30 180 0.06 4.0-6.0 1.0 20.5-23.5 11.5-13.5 1.5-3.0 Nitronic 50 J93790
V .1-.3
CF10SMnN Q 85 42.5 30 180 0.1 7.0-9.0 3.5-4.5 16-18 8-9 N .08-.18 Nitronic 60 J92972 919
CT15C C 63 25 20 140 .05-.15 .15-1.5 .5-1.5 19-21 31-34 Cb .5-1.5 Incoloy 800 J95000
CE20N Q 80 40 30 0.2 1.5 1.5 23-26 8-11 0.5 N.08-.20 HF Modified
CG3M Q 75 35 25 190 .03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914
CG8M Q 75 35 25 190 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 914
Page 10
ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-
Temperature Service
 These alloys are for pressure-containing or dynamically loaded parts in low temperature service where impact properties are of prime
consideration. All grades are readily weldable and machinable, using proper techniques and welding procedures. Typical applications are
pumps, valves, flanges, fittings, which may be used in service temperatures to as low as minus 175˚F [-115˚C].
ASTM A352 - Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts, Suitable for Low Temperature Service
Mechanical Property Minimum or Range Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat Treat- Elong Red of Charpy Typical Approx. Tacoma
Grade Tensile Yield
ment (a) in 2" Area V-Notch Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Material UNS Alloy
(ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) (ft-b/˚F) HBW Type (d)
LCA QT 60-85 30 24 35 13/-25 170 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J02504 715
LCB QT 65-90 35 24 35 13/-50 180 .30(e) 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J03003 715
LCC QT 70-95 40 22 35 15/-50 180 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 1015 J02505 715
LC1 QT 65-90 35 24 35 13/-75 180 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 .45-.65 4010 J12522 801
LC2 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-100 170 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 2-3 J22500 860
LC2-1 QT 105-130 80 18 30 30/-100 250 0.22 .55-.75 0.5 1.35-1.85 2.5-3.5 .30-.60 HY-80 J42215 864
LC3 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-150 190 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 3-4 J31550 861
LC4 QT 70-95 40 24 35 15/-175 190 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 4-5 J41500 862
LC9 QT 85 75 20 30 20/-320 215 0.13 0.9 0.45 0.5 8.5-10.0 0.2 9 Ni Steel J31300
CA6NM NT 110-135 80 15 35 20/-100 241 - 286 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 J91540 903
Page 11
ASTM A356 – Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines
 These alloys are designed for use in “heavy-wall” castings for steam turbine applications.
 Chemical compositions and heat treating parameters are quite restrictive.
 These grades may be subjected to microstructural requirements, as agreed between purchaser and manufacturer. The specification lists
minimum preheat temperatures for repair welding.
ASTM A356 - Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines
Heat Treat- Elong Red of Typical Approx. Tacoma
Grade Tensile Yield
ment (a) in 2" Area Hardnes C Mn Si Cr Mo Other Material UNS Alloy
(ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) s HBW Type (d)
1 NT 70 36 20 35 150 .35(e) 0.7 0.6 1023 J03502 725
2 NT 65 35 22 35 155 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .45-.65 4017 J12523 802
5 NT 70 40 22 35 170 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .40-.70 .40-.60 J12540 826

1 1/4 Cr
6 NT 70 45 22 35 180 0.2 .50-.80 0.6 1-1.5 .45-.65 J12073 853, 851
1/2 Mo
8 NT 80 50 18 45 200 0.2 .50-.90 .20-.60 1-1.5 .90-1.2 V.05-.15 J11697 849
9 NT 85 60 15 45 200 0.2 .50-.90 .20-.60 1-1.5 .90-1.2 V.20-.35 J21610 850

2 1/4 Cr 857, 852,
10 NT 85 55 20 35 200 0.2 .50-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 .90-1.2 J22090
1Mo 854
CA6NM NT 110 80 15 35 269 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 .40-1.0 Ni 3.5-4.5 J91540 903
Page 12
ASTM A389 – Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
 The two grades covered by this specification represent materials that are generally suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel
parts by fusion welding.
 Typical applications include valves, flanges, fittings and other pressure-containing parts.
 The use of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium results in a need to preheat for welding.
ASTM A389 - Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure Containing Parts, Suitable for High Temperature Service
Heat Typical
in 2" Area C Mn Si Cr Mo V Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi) s
(%) (%) Type (d)
BHW
0.30-
C23 NT 70 40 18 35 170 0.20 0.60 1.0-1.5 0.45-0.65 0.15-0.25 J12080 ~851
0.80
0.30-
C24 NT 80 50 15 35 200 0.20 0.60 0.8-1.25 .9-1.2 0.15-0.25 J12092 ~ 848
0.80
ASTM A447 – Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25Cr-12Ni Class), for High-Temperature Service
 This specification covers “iron-base” chrome-nickel heat resistant castings used for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric
furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications in temperatures up to 2000˚F [1093˚C].
 The user should inform the producer when the service temperature will exceed 1800˚F (980˚C)
 Type I and II vary in their magnetic permeability requirements
 Type I Alloys are characterized by relatively low creep stress between 1500˚F – 2000˚F (815˚C – 1095˚C) and high ductility at ambient
temperature after aging for short periods between 1300˚F -1500˚F (705˚C – 815˚C).
 Type II alloys have relatively high limiting creep stress, but may develop low ductility at ambient temperature when periods between 1350˚F
-1500˚F (730˚C – 815˚C). These alloys are poured at the London Ontario foundry only.
ASTM A447 - Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service. Produced in London.
Mech. Prop. Req. (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat
Grade Elong Typical Approx. London
Treatment Tensile
(PW) in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Nitrogen Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi)
(%) BHW Type (d)
Type I C 80 9 180 .20-.45 2.5 1.75 23-28 10-14 0.2 309 J93303 London
Type II C 80 4 180 .20-.45 2.5 1.75 23-28 10-14 0.2 309 J93303 London
Page 13
ASTM A487 – Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service
 This specification covers low alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered
condition, suitable for pressure-containing parts.
 The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions.
 Chemical compositions are highly restrictive.
 Charpy impact values may become a part of the requirements when so specified in the procurement documents.
 CA6NM appears as two classes: A and B.
o CA6NM Class B is designed to meet softer NACE hardness requirements (see Table 3 near the end of this document). When
ordering Class B the customer should specify a 0.03% carbon maximum. This will ensure that they receive a chemistry that is able to
meet the low NACE hardness.
 CA6NM is preferred over CA15.
ASTM A487 - Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

Heat
Grade Class Treatmen Tensile Yield HBW
in 2" Area C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Material UNS Alloy
t (a) (ksi) (ksi) Max
(%) % Type (d)
A NT 140-170 110-130 10 25 25
B 90-115 65 18 30 30
CA15 0.15 1.0 1.5 11.5-14.0 0.15 - 1.0 0.50 900 900
C 90 60 18 35 35
D 100 75 17 35 35
241 - 285
CA6NM A NT 110 80 15 35 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 903 903
typical
N+
CA6NM B 100 75 17 35 255 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .4-1.0 909 909
Double T
Page 14
ASTM - A487 Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service - Continued

Heat
Grade Class Treatmen Tensile Yield HBW
t (a) (ksi) (ksi) Max
(%) (%) Type (d)
1 A NT 85-110 55 22 40 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002
1 B QT 90-115 65 22 45 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002
1 C NT or QT 90 65 22 45 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002

2 A NT 85-110 53 22 35 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 4023 J13003 721
2 B QT 90-115 65 22 40 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 J13003 721

2 C NT or QT 90 65 22 40 235 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 J13003 721
4 A NT or QT 90-115 60 18 40 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838
4 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838
4 C NT or QT 90 60 18 35 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838
4 D QT 100 75 17 35 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838
4 E QT 115 95 15 35 0.3 1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .15-.30 8625 J13047 831, 838
6 A NT 115 80 18 30 .05-.38 1.3-1.7 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .30-.40 J13855
6 B QT 120 95 12 25 .05-.38 1.3-1.7 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .30-.40 J13855

7 A QT 115 100 15 30 .05-.20 .6-1.0 0.8 .40-.80 .70-1.0 .40-.60 J12084
8 A NT 85-110 55 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.

8 B QT 105 85 17 30 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.
8 C QT 100 75 17 35 235 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.
9 A NT or QT 90 60 18 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837
9 B QT 105 85 16 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837

9 C NT or QT 90 60 18 35 235 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837
9 D QT 100 75 17 35 235 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837
9 E QT 115 95 15 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837
10 A NT 100 70 18 35 0.3 .60-1.0 0.8 .55-.90 1.4-2.0 .20-.40 4320 J23015 ~841, 833
10 B QT 125 100 15 35 0.3 .60-1.0 0.8 .55-.90 1.4-2.0 .20-.40 4320 J23015 ~841, 833
11 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082

11 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082
12 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J12082

12 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J12082
13 A NT 90-115 60 18 35 0.3 .80-1.1 0.6 1.4-1.75 .20-.30 834 w/o V J13060

13 B QT 105-130 85 17 35 0.3 .80-1.1 0.6 1.4-1.75 .20-.30 834 w/o V J13060
16 A NT 70-95 40 22 35 0.12 2.1 0.5 1.0-1.4 J31200
Page 15
ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

 This specification covers nickel, nickel-copper, nickel-copper-silicon, nickel-molybdenum, nickel-chromium and nickel-molybdenum-chromium
alloy castings for corrosion-resistant service.
 Some grades may not be repair welded.
 Some grades may require a post weld heat treatment after major repair welds.
o If this is required, then specify Class 1.
o If post weld heat treatment is not required, then specify Class 2, along with the grade.
 London and Chehalis make most of these grades. Some grades are not available as sand castings. See table below.
 Tacoma makes CW6MC (Inconel 625) and M35-1 (Monel) using the AOD. Minimum heat size is 12,000 lb.
ASTM A494 Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

Grade Heat
Nickel - Treatment Tensile Yield
in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo NB Other Material UNS Alloy
Molybdenum (a) ksi ksi
% HBW Type (d) (d)
Fe 11.0
CY-40 Q 70 28 30 <200 0.4 1.5 3 14-17 balance Inconel 600 N06040 523
max.
Fe 3.0
CW-6M Q 72 40 25 <200 0.07 1 1 17-20 balance 17-20 Chlorimet 3 N30107 544
max.
Fe 2.0 Hastelloy
CW-2M Q 72 40 20 <200 0.02 1 0.8 15-17.5 balance 15-17.5 N26455 546
max. C4C
Fe 5.0
CW-6MC Q 70 40 25 <200 0.06 1 1 20-23 balance 8-10 3.15-4.5 Inconel 625 N26625 522
max.
19.5-
CU5MCuC Q 75 35 20 <200 0.05 1 1 38-44 2.5-3.5 Cu 1.5-3.5 Incoloy 825 N28826 507
23.5
ASTM A494 - Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

Grade Heat
Elong Typical Approx.
Nickel & Treatment Tensile Yield
in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Cu NB Other Material UNS Tacoma
Nickel Copper (a) ksi ksi
% HBW Type (d) Alloy
CZ-100 C 50 18 10 <200 1.0 1.5 2.0 95.0 min 1.25 Fe 3.0 max 210 N02100 501
M35-1 C 65 25 25 <200 0.35 1.5 1.25 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max

Monel N24135 510
QQ-N-268-A
M35-2 C 65 30 25 <200 0.35 1.5 2.0 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max Monel 410 N24020 510
M30-H C 100 60 10 0.3 1.5 2.7-3.7 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max QQ-N-288-B N24030
300 min
M25S C — — — 0.25 1.5 3.5-4.5 balance 27-33 Fe 3.5 Max QQ-N-288-D N24025
age
QQ-N-288-D
M30C C 65 32.5 25 <200 0.3 1.5 1.0-2.0 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max N24130 512
NB Monel 411
Page 16
Unavailable grades from ASTM A494 Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy - Not Available
Heat
Elong Approx.
in 2" C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo W V Other Material UNS Tacoma Alloy
(a) ksi ksi
% Type (d) (d)
Hastelloy C- Not available Due to
CX2MW Q 80 45 30 0.02 1.0 0.8 20-22.5 balance 12.5-14.5 2.5-3.5 Fe 2-6 N26022
22 high W content
15.5- Not Available due to
CW-12MW Q 72 40 4 0.12 1.0 1.0 balance 16-18 3.75-5.25 .2-.4 Fe 4.5-7.5 Hastelloy C N30002
17.5 high W & V content
Fe 2.0 Not Available due to
CY5SnBiM C — — — 0.05 1.5 0.5 11-14 balance 2-3.5 N26055
max. Bi 3- high Bi & Sn content
Not Available in
N-12MV Q 76 40 6 0.12 1.0 1.0 1.0 balance 26-30 .2-.6 Fe 4-6 Hastelloy B N30012
thicknesses over 3"
Fe 3.0 Not Available in
N-7M Q 76 40 20 0.07 1.0 1.0 1.0 balance 30-33 Chlorimet 2 N30007 thicknesses over 3"
max.
ASTM A743 – Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
 This specification covers stainless steel castings suitable for a broad range of applications intended for a wide variety of corrosive
environments.
 When the application requires stainless steel for severe corrosion resistant service, reference should be made to specification A744.
 The proper balance of chemical composition is very important to the performance of these alloys. Cast austenitic stainless steel is weldable
because it contains at least 5% ferrite.
 It is recommended that the producer be fully aware of the intended use of the material so that he may verify the suitability of the alloy
specified, e.g. saltwater applications are best addressed with duplex stainless steel instead of austenitic stainless steel.
 It is important that the producer be aware of the weldability requirements for these materials, as well as those cases in severe corrosive
environments.
 Both CA15 and CA6NM are martensitic alloys, however CA6NM has superior castability, weldability, toughness, and resistance to cracking
and cavitation than the CA15 grade. Tacoma prefers CA6NM over CA15.
 Castings made from CA6NM have found widespread use in many pumping applications.
 In general, most of these alloys have welding characteristics ranging from “fair” to “excellent.”
 The use of carefully engineered welding procedures, proper electrodes, and qualified welding operators is very important to the successful
function of the welded parts.
 In particular, this is true where corrosive media are concerned, since stress corrosion or porosity caused by improper welds can lead to
accelerated corrosion attack.
 There are supplementary requirements that may be specified when desired by the purchaser including:
Page 17
o Corrosion and hardness tests – Supplements S11, S14

o Nondestructive examination – Supplements S1, S2, S3, S4
o Low Ferrite in CF8 – Supplement S15
o Tension Test – Supplement S12
o Approval of Major Weld Repair, PWHT of Majors – Supplements S11, S13
ASTM A743 - Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
Heat Typical
(a) (ksi) (ksi) s
(%) % Type (d)
HBW
CF8 Q 70(A) 30(A) 35 -- 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 304 J92600 910
CG12 Q 70 28 35 -- 180 0.12 1.5 2.0 20-23 10-13 J93001
CF20 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.2 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 J92602
CF8M Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920
CF8C Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 (B) 347 J92710 916
CF16F Q 70 30 25 -- 180 0.16 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 1.5 Se .2-.35 J92701
CF16Fa Q 70 30 25 -- -- 0.16 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 .4-.8 S .2-.4 --
CH10 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.1 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 309L J93401 930
CH20 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.2 1.5 2.0 22-26 12-15 309 J93402 Hi C 930
CK20 Q 65 28 30 -- 160 0.2 2 2.0 23-27 19-22 310 J94202 940
CE30 Q/FA 80 40 10 -- 240 0.3 1.5 2.0 26-30 8-11 J93423 932
CA15 NT 90 65 18 30 241 Max 0.15 1.0 1.5 11.5-14 1.0 0.5 410 J91150 900
CA15M NT 90 65 18 30 241 Max 0.15 1.0 0.65 11.5-14 1.0 .15-1.0 J91151 902
CB30 NT 65 30 -- -- 241 Max 0.3 1.0 1.5 18-21 2.0 431 J91803
CC50 NT 55 -- -- -- 241 Max 0.5 1.0 1.5 26-30 4.0 446 J92615
CA40 NT 100 70 15 25 240 .20-.40 1.0 1.5 11.5-14 1.0 0.5 420 J91153 901
CA40F NT 100 70 12 -- -- .20-.40 1.0 1.5 11.5-14.0 1.0 0.5 S .2-.4 420F J91154
CF3 Q 70 30 35 -- 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 304L J92500 911
CF10SMnN Q 85 42 30 -- -- 0.1 7.0-9.0 3.5-4.5 16-18 8-9 N .08-.18 Nitronic 60 J92972 919
(A) = Grade CF8: for low ferrite or nonmagnetic castings: tensile strength minimum is 65 ksi and yield point minimum is 28 ksi.
(B) = Grade CF8C shall have a columbium content of not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0%.
If a columbium-plus-tantalum alloy in the approximate Cb: Ta ratio of 3:1 is used for stabilizing this grade, the total Cb-plus-Ta content shall not be less than nine times
the carbon content and not exceed 1.1%.
Page 18
ASTM A743 - Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application - Continued
Heat Typical
(a) (ksi) (ksi) s
(%) (%) Type (d)
HBW
CG3M Q 75 35 25 -- 200 0.03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914
CG8M Q 75 35 25 -- 200 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 923
CN3M Q 63 25 30 -- -- 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23-27 4.5-5.5 IN-862 J94652 947
N.18-.26
CN3MN Q 80 38 35 -- -- 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 S.01 Cu.75
AL-6XN J94651 949
CN7M Q 62 25 35 -- 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948
CN7MS Q 70 30 35 -- 150 0.07 1.0 2.5-3.5 18-20 22-25 2.5-3 Cu 1.5-2 Worthite J94650
CA6NM NT 110 80 15 35 260 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14 3.5-4.5 .40-1 13-4 J91540 903
CA6N NT 140 135 15 50 300 0.06 0.5 1.0 10.5-12.5 6-8 IN-833 J91650
W .9-1.25
CA28MWV NT 140 110 10 24 -- 20-.28 .50-1.0 1.0 11.0-12.5 .50-1.0 .90-1.25 V .2-.3
422 J91422
Cu .5-1.0 N
CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 -- -- 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7 .18-.24 S .01
254SMO J93254 951
N .21-.32
CK35MN Q 83 41 35 -- -- 0.035 2.0 1.0 22-22 6-8 Cu .40
CB6 FA & T 115 85 16 35 -- 0.06 1.0 1.0 15.5-17.5 3.5-5.5 .50 Virgo 38 J91804
CF3M Q 70 30 30 -- 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921
CF3MN Q 75 37 35 -- -- 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-22 9-13 2-3 N .10-.20 316LN J92804 929
Cb .1-.3 V .1-
CG6MMN Q 85 42 30 -- -- 0.06 4.0-6.0 1.0 20.5-23.5 11.5-13.5 1.5-3.0 .3 N .2-.4
Nitronic 50 J93790 917
Page 19
ASTM A744 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service

 This specification covers stainless steel alloys that are intended for particularly demanding applications in more severe corrosion
environments that may be intended for A743 grades.
 Post weld heat treatments are of prime importance to ensure the best corrosion resistant condition for severe service.
 There are supplementary requirements that may be specified when desired by the purchaser including:
o NDT – Supplement S2, S3
o Corrosion – Supplement S21
o Tension Test – Supplement S22
o Surface Carbone Analysis – Supplement S23
ASTM A744 - Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Residant for Severe Service

Heat
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) BHW Type (d)
CF8 Q 70(A) 30(A) 35 160 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 304 J92600 910
CF8M Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 2-3 316 J92900 920
CF8C Q 70 30 30 180 0.08 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 (B) 347 J92710 916
CF3 Q 70 30 35 150 0.03 1.5 2.0 17-21 8-12 304L J92500 911
CF3M Q 70 30 30 190 0.03 1.5 1.5 17-21 9-13 2-3 316L J92800 921
CG3M Q 75 35 25 200 0.03 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317L J92999 914
CG8M Q 75 35 25 200 0.08 1.5 1.5 18-21 9-13 3-4 317 J93000 923
CN7M Q 62 25 35 130 0.07 1.5 1.5 19-22 27.5-30.5 2-3 Cu 3-4 Alloy 20 N08007 948
CN7MS Q 70 30 35 140 0.07 1.0 2.5-3.5 18-20 22-25 2.5-3 Cu 1.5-2 Worthite J94650
CN3MN Q 80 38 35 130 0.03 2.0 1.0 20-22 23.5-25.5 6-7 N.18-.26 AL-6XN J94651 949
CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 130 0.025 1.2 1.0 19.5-20.5 17.5-19.5 6-7

Cu .5-1.0 N .18 -.24
254SMO J93254 951
CN3MCu Q 62 25 35 130 0.03 1.5 1.0 19 - 22 27.5 - 30.5 Cu 3 - 3.5 J80020
(A) = Grade CF8: for low ferrite or nonmagnetic castings: tensile strength minimum is 65 ksi and yield point minimum is 28 ksi.
(B) = Grade CF8C shall have a columbium content of not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0%.
Page 20
ASTM A747 – Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

 Castings made under this specification are similar to the wrought precipitation hardening grades 15-5 PH and 17-4 PH.
 These castings may be used in services requiring corrosion resistance and high strengths at temperatures up to 600˚F, [315˚C].
 They may be machined in the solution-annealed condition and subsequently precipitation hardened to the desired high-strength mechanical
properties, which depend upon the precipitation temperature used.
 This material is not intended for use in the solution-annealed condition.
 Time and temperature during heat treatment is very specific, along with the heat treatment condition of the casting prior to and after welding.
 When ordering this material, both the alloy type and precipitation hardening heat treatment condition must be specified on the purchase
order.
ASTM A747-Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
Heat
Grade Elong Typical Approx. Tacoma
Treatment Tensile Yield
Condition in 2" Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Cu N Other Material UNS Alloy
(a) ksi (ksi)
% BHN Type (d) (d)
CB7Cu-1
S 170 145 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 954
H900
CB7Cu-1
S 175 150 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H925
CB7Cu-1
S 150 140 9 311 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1025
CB7Cu-1
S 145 115 9 277 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1075
CB7Cu-1
S 135 110 9 269 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1100
CB7Cu-1
S 125 97 10 269 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1150
CB7Cu-1
S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1150M
CB7Cu-1
S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 15.5-17.7 3.6-4.6 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 17-4PH J92180 955
H1150DBL
CB7Cu-2
S 170 145 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110
H900
CB7Cu-2
S 175 150 5 375 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H925
CB7Cu-2
S 150 140 9 311 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.- 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1025
CB7Cu-2
S 145 115 9 277 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1075
CB7Cu-2
S 135 110 9 269 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1100
CB7Cu-2
S 125 97 10 269 Min 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1150
CB7Cu-2
S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1150M
CB7Cu-2
S 310 Max 0.07 0.7 1.0 14.0-15.5 4.5-5.5 2.5-3.2 (A) Cb .15-.35 15-5PH J92110 952
H1150DBL
(A)=Nitrogen content to be determined and reported when specified by the order or contract at 0.05% maximum.
Page 21
ASTM A757 – Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing and Other Applications, for
Low-Temperature Service
 This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and
gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures.
 Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. Hardenability of some grades may limit
usable section size. All classes are weldable under proper conditions.
 Charpy V-notch tests are required at temperatures ranging from -50˚F to -175˚F [-46˚C to -115˚C], depending on the grade chosen. Impact
properties are required on both the heat-affected zone of the base metal and the weld metal of the welding procedure qualification test.
 Test bar size varies, dependent upon customer requirements and casting section thickness.
 Typical grades are A1Q and E3N, which are similar to ASTM A352 grade LCB and ASTM A743 grade CA6NM, respectively.
ASTM A757- Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing and Other Low Temperature Service Applications
Mechanical Property Requirements (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Max. Alloy Designation
Heat
Elong Red of Charpy Typical Approx. Tacoma
in 2" Area V-Notch Hardness C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) (ft•lbf/°F) HBW Type (d)
A1Q QT 65 35 24 35 13/-50 180 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.25 1015 J03002 715
A2Q QT 70 40 22 35 15/-50 180 .25(e) 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.25 1015 J02503 715
B2N, B2Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-100 180 0.25 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 2.0-3.0 0.25 LC2 J22501 860
B3N,B3Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-150 180 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 3.0-4.0 0.25 LC3 J31500 861
B4N, B4Q NT/QT 70 40 24 35 15/-175 180 0.15 .50-.80 0.6 0.4 4.0-5.0 0.25 LC4 J41501 862
C1Q QT 75 55 22 35 15/-50 190 0.25 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.5-2.0 .15-.30 4620 J12582 840
D1N1, D1Q1 NT/QT 85-115 55 20 35 (A) 220 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854
D1N2, D1Q2 NT/QT 95-125 75 18 35 (A) 230 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854
D1N3, D1Q3 NT/QT 105-135 85 15 30 (A) 240 0.2 .40-.80 0.6 2.0-2.75 0.5 .90-1.20 WC9 J22092 854
E1Q QT 90 65 22 40 30/-100 220 0.22 .50-.80 0.6 1.35-1.85 2.5-3.5 .35-.60 HY-65 J42220 864
E2N1 E2Q1 NT/QT 90-120 70 18 35 30/-100 230 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-70 J42065 864
E2N2, E2Q2 NT/QT 105-135 85 15 30 20/-100 250 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-80 J42065 864
E2N3, E2Q3 NT/QT 115-145 100 13 30 15/-100 270 0.2 .40-.70 0.6 1.5-2.0 2.75-3.90 .40-.60 HY-100 J42065 865
E3N NT 110 80 15 35 20/-100 255 0.06 1.0 1.0 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 .40-1.00 CA6NM J91550 903
.
Page 22
ASTM A890 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex

(Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
 The duplex stainless steel alloys offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in
composition and properly heat-treated.
 Ferrite levels are not specified.
o Typical ferrite content is 35 to 65 percent with the balance austenite.
 The composition of the deposited weld metal for repair welding may be similar to that of the casting or may be suitably alloyed to achieve the
desired corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
 Nitrogen enhances resistance to corrosion, weldability, strength, castability, and processing.
 Nitrogen is required in all of the grades.
 Grade 1B, CD4MCuN, has a nitrogen content of 0.10 - 0.25%. The old 1A had no nitrogen range. 1A and CD4MCu were deleted from this
specification because duplex stainless steel requires nitrogen.
 1C, 5A and 6A also impose chemistry restrictions, which include elements that enhance corrosion resistance.
 Grades with a PREN value of 40 or greater fall under the category of “Super Duplex” stainless steel. PREN stands for pitting resistance
number. The number is debatably an indicator of pitting resistance. Such controversy has prompted ASTM to indicate it is an equation
without mention of pitting resistance. PREN = %Cr + 3.3% Mo + 16%N > 40.
ASTM A890 - Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
Mechanical Property Req. (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat
Elong PRE (P) Approx. Tacoma
in 2" Typical/ C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Cu Nitrogen Other Material UNS Alloy
(a) ksi ksi
% Minimum Type (d) (d)
24.5- CD4MCuN
1B Q 100 70 16 34.9 0.04 1.0 1.0 26.5 4.7-6.0 1.7-2.3 2.7-3.3 10-.25 P, S 1.4517 (W) J93372 957
24.0-
1C Q 100 65 25 >40.0 0.03 1.2 1.1 26.7 5.6-6.7 2.9-3.8 1.4-1.9 .22-.33 P, S CD3MCuN J93373 967
22.5-
2A Q 95 65 25 39.6 0.08 1.0 1.5 25.5 8.0-11.0 3.0-4.5 .10-.30 P, S CE8MN J93345
24.0-
3A Q 95 65 25 35.7 0.06 1.0 1.0 27.0 4.0-6.0 1.75-2.5 .15-.25 P, S CD6MN J93371 963
21.0- CD3MN
4A Q 90 60 25 35.4 0.03 1.5 1.0 23.5 4.5-6.5 2.5-3.5 1.0 .10-.30 P, S 1.4462 (W) J92205 959
24.0- CE3MN
5A Q 100 75 18 >40.0 0.03 1.5 1.0 26.0 6.0-8.0 4.0-5.0 .10-.30 P, S 1.4469 (W) J93404 958
24.0- P, S W
6A Q 100 65 25 >40.0 0.03 1.0 1.0 26.0 6.5-8.5 3.0-4.0 0.5-1.0 .20-.30 0.50-1.0 CD3MW CuN J93380 962
Page 23
ASTM A915 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought
Grades
 This specification covers carbon and low alloy steel castings having chemical analyses similar to that of the AISI standard wrought grades.
 The chemistry varies slightly from the wrought AISI limits to accommodate the casting process without detriment to the material properties.
 This specification only shows chemical requirements.
 The purchaser must specify the choice of heat treatment or hardness range or mechanical properties if required.
o A list of supplementary requirements is included in the specification to assist the purchaser.
o Use A958 if mechanical properties are required for the same grades that are listed in A915.
ASTM A915-93 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirments Similar to Standard Wrought Grades. (A)
Heat
Elong Red of Approx.
in 2" Area Material Tacoma
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Type (d) UNS Alloy
SC 1020 AN NT/QT .18-.23 .40-.80 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1020 J02003 720 (B)
SC 1025 AN NT/QT .22-.28 .40-.80 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1025 J02508 725 (B)
SC 1030 AN NT/QT .28-.34 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1030 J03012 730
SC 1040 AN NT/QT .37-.44 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1040 J04003 740
SC 1045 AN NT/QT .43-.50 .50-.90 0.04 0.04 .30-.60 1045 J04502 745
SC 4130 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .40-.80 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .80-1.1 .15-.25 4130 J13502 821
SC 4140 AN NT/QT .38-.43 .70-1.1 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .80-1.1 .15-.25 4140 J14045 827
SC 4330 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .60-.90 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 1.65-2.0 .70-.90 .20-.30 4330 J23259
SC 4340 AN NT/QT .38-.43 .60-.90 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 1.65-2.0 .70-.90 .20-.30 4340 J24053
SC 8620 AN NT/QT .18-.23 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8620 J12095 839
SC 8625 AN NT/QT .23-.28 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8625 J12595 831 (B)
SC 8630 AN NT/QT .28-.33 .60-1.0 0.035 0.04 .30-.60 .40-.70 .40-.60 .15-.25 8630 J13095 829
(A) = If mechanical properties are required, use ASTM A958.
Page 24
ASTM A958 – Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similar
to Standard Wrought Grades
 This specification covers carbon and low alloy steel castings having chemical analyses similar to that of the A151 standard wrought grades.
The wrought grade would have lower silicon content.
 When selecting the material, it is necessary to select both a grade and class of steel.
o The grade designates the chemical composition
o The class designates the tensile requirements.
 Included in the specification, is a table showing tensile requirements/grade suitability to assist the user in selection of a grade that will be
suitable to achieve the desired tensile properties.
ASTM A958 - Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirments, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
Heat
in 2" Area C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Material UNS Alloy
(a) (ksi) (ksi)
(%) (%) Type (d)
0.40-
SC 1020 0.18-0.23 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1020 J02003 720
0.80
0.40-
SC1025 0.22-0.28 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1025 J02508 725
0.80
0.50-
SC1030 0.28-0.34 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1030 J03012 730
0.90
0.50-
SC 1040 0.37-0.44 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1040 J04003 740
0.90
0.50-
SC 1045 0.43-0.50 0.04 0.04 0.30-0.60 — — — 1045 J04502 745
0.90
0.40-
SC 4130 0.28-0.33 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 — 0.80-1.10 0.15-0.25 4130 J13502 821
0.80
0.70-
SC 4140 0.38-0.43 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 — 0.80-1.10 0.15-0.25 4140 J14045 827
1.10
0.60-
SC 4330 0.28-0.33 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 1.65-2.00 0.70-0.90 0.20-0.30 4330 J23259
0.90
0.60-
SC 4340 0.38-0.43 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 1.65-2.00 0.70-0.90 0.20-0.30 4340 J24053
0.90
0.60-
SC 8620 0.18-0.23 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8620 J12095 839
1.00
0.60-
SC 8625 0.23-0.28 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8625 J12595 831
1.00
0.60-
SC 8630 0.28-0.33 0.035 0.04 0.30-0.60 0.40-0.70 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25 8630 J13095 829
1.00
Page 25
A958 Class / Strength
A958 Tensile Requirements

Class 65/35 70/36 80/40 80/50 90/60 105/85 115/95 130/115 135/125 150/135 160/145 165/150 210/180
Tensile min.
65 70 80 80 90 105 115 130 135 150 160 165 210
(ksi)
Yield min.
35 36 40 50 60 85 95 115 125 135 145 150 180
(ksi)
El in 2in. min,
24 22 18 22 18 17 14 11 9 7 6 5 4
(%)
Reduction of
35 30 30 35 35 35 30 25 22 18 12 10 8
area, min, (%)
Guidelines for Grade and Class

A958 Tensile Requirements/Grade Suitability
Class
Grade
65/35 70/36 80/40 80/50 90/60 105/85 115/95 130/115 135/125 150/135 160/145 165/150 210/180
�C 1020
S B B
SC 1025 B B
SC 1030 B B B B
SC 1040 B, C B B B B
SC 1045 B, C B, C B B B B B
SC 4130 B, C B, C B B B B B B B B
SC 4140 B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B
SC 4330 B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B B
SC 4340 B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C B B B B B B B B
SC 8620 B, C B, C B B B B B
SC 8625 B, C B, C B B B B B B B
SC 8630 B, C B, C B B B B B B B B
“B” Denotes that the properties may be achieved by at least one of the heat treatments referenced in Section 5 of A958.
“C” These grades significantly exceed the minimum strength levels;
Page 26
ASTM A990 – Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure
Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
 This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with the following requirements:
o Restricted melt practices.
o Weldability testing of specially cast test coupon (per heat).
o Nondestructive examination (NDE).
 These alloy grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in corrosive environments. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to
determine which grade shall be furnished.
ASTM A990 - Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service
Mechanical Property Req. (b) Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat Treat- Elong Approx. Tacoma
Grade Tensile Yield
ment (a) in 2" C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Fe Max Cu Other Material UNS Alloy
(ksi) (ksi)
(%) Type (d)
15.0-
CW2M Q 72 40 20 0.020 1.0 0.8 balance 15.0-17.5 2.0 W 1.0 N30107 546
17.5
19.0- 27.5-
CN3MCu Q 62 25 35 0.03 1.5 1.0 2.0-3.0 balance 3.0-3.5
22.0 30.5
19.5- 17.5- J93254
CK3MCuN Q 80 38 35 0.025 1.2 1.0 6-7 balance .5-1.0 951
20.5 19.5 254SMO
M35-1 C 65 25 25 0.35 1.5 1.25 balance 3.5 26 - 33 Monel 510
Fe 5.0 Inconel 625,
CW2MC Q 70 40 25 0.060 1.0 1.0 20-23 balance 8-10 V 0.2 522
max. N26625
W 0.2 V Not
N2M Q 76 40 20 0.02 1.0 0.8 1.0 balance 30-33 3.0 0.2
0.2 Available
Page 27
ASTM A995 – Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.
 These offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly
heat-treated.
 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished.
ASTM A995 - Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Mechanical Property Req. (b) PREN Chemical Composition % - Range or Maximum Alloy Designation
Heat Treat- Elong Approx. Tacoma
Grade Tensile Yield
ment (a) in 2" Typical Min C Mn Si Cr Ni Mo Cu W Nitrogen Material UNS Alloy
(ksi) (ksi)
(%) Type (d)
24.5- CD4MCuN
1B Q 100 70 16 34.9 -- 0.04 1.0 1.0 4.7-6.0 1.7-2.3 2.7-3.3 .10-.25 J93372 957
26.5 1.4517
22.5-
2A Q 95 65 25 39.6 -- 0.08 1.0 1.5 8.0-11.0 3.0-4.5 .10-.30 CE8MN J93345
25.5
24.0-
3A Q 95 65 25 35.7 -- 0.06 1.0 1.0 4.0-6.0 1.75-2.5 .15-.25 CD6MN J93371 963
27.0
21.0- CD3MN
4A Q 90 60 25 35.4 -- 0.03 1.5 1.0 4.5-6.5 2.5-3.5 1.0 .10-.30 J92205 959
23.5 1.4462
24.0- CE3MN
5A Q 100 75 18 43.1 40 0.03 1.5 1.0 6.0-8.0 4.0-5.0 .10-.30 J93404 958
26.0 1.4469
24.0-
6A Q 100 65 25 40.6 40 0.03 1.0 1.0 6.5-8.5 3.0-4.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 .20-.30 CD3MWCuN
J93380 962
26.0
PREN = Pitting Resistance Equivalent = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo + 16 x %N - (W) = Werkstoff Number of Federal Republic of Germany
Page 28
ASTM A1001 - High Strength Castings in Heavy Sections

 This specification covers cast alloy steels in:
o Normalized and tempered or quenched condition.
o Section sizes through 37 inches (940 mm).
 This specification is primarily used for very large hook castings.
o This specification is suitable for high strain gradient conditions such as those encountered in hooks, shackles, support frames, and
other lifting devices.
 Section range and class selection will depend on design and service conditions.
 Users should note that this specification contemplates mechanical property gradients.
o Specification also includes Nitrogen and Oxygen limits.
ASTM A1001 - Chemical Grade Composition (maximum % unless range is shown)

Residual elements reported for information only. Total: 60%
Grade C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Al
Zr Cu Ti W V B
I Use of other chemisty is permitted procided mechanical properties and chemical tolerances are met.
II .20-.28 1.0-1.4 0.02 0.015 .30-.60 1.0-1.3 .80-1.2 .60-.85 0.03 (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf)
II .20-.28 1.0-1.4 0.03 0.025 .30-.60 1.0-1.3 .80-1.2 .60-.85 0.07 (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf) (inf)
inf = information only
Page 29
ASTM A1001 - High Strength Steel Castings in Heavy Sections

Required Mechanical Properties (b) (TB) Gas Content
Tensile (ksi) Yield (ksi) Elong 2 in. or 4d (%) Red. Of Area (%) Charpy V, (ft-lb) Maximum
Section Chemisty
Class Report
Range Grade Nitrogen Oxygen
T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 T/8 3T/8 Hydrogen
(ppm) (ppm)
(ppm) info.
1 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 110 100
1 B I 105 95 85 76 15 11 30 22 25 15 110 100
1 C I 90 80 70 63 17 13 34 26 25 15 110 100
2 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 110 100
2 B I 105 95 85 76 16 12 32 24 25 15 110 100
2 C I 90 80 70 63 18 14 36 28 25 15 110 100
3 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 100 90
3 B I 105 95 85 76 17 13 34 26 25 15 100 90
3 C I 90 80 70 63 19 16 38 32 25 15 100 90
4 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 100 90 x
4 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 100 90 x
4 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 100 90 x
5 A I, II 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 90 80 x
5 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 90 80 x
5 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 90 80 x
6 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 80 70 x
6 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 80 70 x
6 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 80 70 x
7 A I 110 100 90 80 18 15 36 30 25 15 70 60 x
7 B I 105 95 85 76 19 16 38 32 25 15 70 60 x
7 C I 90 80 70 63 21 18 42 36 25 15 70 60 x
(TB) = Test block requirements are special (large!) for this specification – read specification carefully.
4d = Gauge length of the tensile test specimen equal to four times its diameter.
Page 30
Offshore, Military, NAVSEA, and Other Alloys, not listed under ASTM Specifications
 Tacoma, Chehalis and London produce other alloys that are not listed under ASTM specifications which include:
o Low and medium plain carbon steels.
o High hardness and high strength low alloy steels.
o Specialty stainless steels.
o Nickel base alloys.
 Depending on the properties desired for the stainless steels, these may include:
o Low ferrite and low magnetic permeability.
o Non-magnetic materials.
o Low carbon for improved weldability.
o Increased yield strength.
o Good resistance to carburization and corrosion.
o High temperature applications.
 Our metallurgical staff is constantly working with new alloys to meet the demands of industry.
 Although you may not find a particular grade in this selector, we urge you to contact a representative who can help with the grade desired.
Page 31
Other NICKEL BASE ALLOYS also produced by Tacoma.

Chemical Composition % – Range or Maximum Tacoma
MATERIAL TYPE • Tacoma alloy may be slightly varied from the
Alloy
wrought material listed below
Cu C Mn Si Mo Cr Ni Cb+Ta Fe W Co (d)
Inconel 600 • MIL-N-24271, resistant to corrosion and heat. — .12 1.0 1.5 — 14-17 balance 2.0 6-10 — .10 520
Hastelloy G • Excellent resistance to hot sulfuric and phosphoric acids 1.5-2.5 .05 1.0-2.0 1.0 5.5-7.5 21-23.5 balance 1.75-2.5 18-21 1.0 2.5 521
Hastelloy X • High temperature service. .10 1.0 1.0 8-10 20.5-23 balance — 17-20 .2-1.0 .5-2.5 549
Invar 36 • Low thermal expansion material .05 .60 .40 — .25 35-37 — balance — .50 508
Invar 42 • Low thermal expansion material .05 .80 .30 — .10 41-43 — balance — .50 509
Page 32
Metallurgical Tests
Bradken-Tacoma, Chehalis and London (Ontario) perform various metallurgical tests for checking attributes of cast materials.
• Optical Emission Spectrometer for Iron (gray and ductile), Ni resist, High Chromium Iron, low carbon steel, alloy steel, Stainless steel, and
nickel based analysis
• LECO combustion analysis of Carbon and Sulfur
• LECO combustion analysis of Nitrogen, and Oxygen
• Tension Test
o ASTM E8 / E8M Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Charpy Impact Testing per
o ASTM E23 Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• Corrosion Tests;
o ASTM A923, A262, G48
• Ferrite Content;
o ASTM A800, A799, ferrite scope, and E562 (Point count)
• Hardness Tests
o E110 (portable hardness testing), E10 (Brinell)
• Magnetic Permeability
o Severn gauge
• Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature (NDTT)
o ASTM E208 Standard Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic
Steels
• Metallographic Examinations
o ASTM E407 Standard Practice for Micro etching Metals and Alloys
• Bend Tests per
o ASTM A703, A262 practice E, and for weld test qualifications
Page 33
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATIONS (NDE)

Bradken Energy Products has developed a well-equipped on-site NDE Department staffed with fully qualified NDE specialists to perform virtually
any examination or test required of a casting. Although the customer determines the type of NDE performed on castings, BEP engineering and
technical personnel are available to help in making a decision on the type of NDE suitable for the casting in question. Tacoma is ASNT Qualified
and maintains a ASNT Level III on staff.
The following brief descriptions of NDE conducted by BEP Tacoma, Chehalis, or London provide general information on techniques used at BEP
foundries. More detailed information is available by contacting a BEP Sales Representative.
NDE TYPES
 Magnetic Particle Examination
Magnetic particle examination is performed on ferromagnetic materials with calibrated equipment according to ASME Section III, V and VIII,
ASTM E-709 and MIL STD 271, using both the “dry” and “wet” methods.
 Liquid Penetrant Examination

Certified liquid penetrant materials are applied to nonmagnetic castings, which have been surface conditioned to aid the examination.
Carefully controlled water temperature and pressure, casting temperature and dwell time help ensure compliance with such specifications as
ASME Section III, V and VIII, ASTM E-165, NAVSEA 250-1500-1, MIL STD 2132A(SH), MIL STD 271. Tacoma prefers the water soluble
method.
 Radiographic Examination
Radiography, using Iridium 192, Cobalt 60 and an 8 MeV Linear Accelerator, is carried out following ASTM specifications E94, E142, ASME
Section III, V and VIII, NAVSEA 250-1500-1, MIL STD 2132A(SH) and MIL STD 271. Film is processed in automatic processing equipment,
densities verified using calibrated densitometers and then viewed using high intensity viewers. ASTM E71, E186, E192, E272, E280 and
E446 reference radiographs are available for film interpretation purposes.
 Ultrasonic Examination
Examinations are performed to detailed procedures written in accordance with ASTM A609 and ASME Section III, V and MIL STD 271.
Ultrasonic equipment is calibrated in strict accordance with ASTM E317 and MIL STD 271.
Page 34
NDE SPECIFICATIONS
 The table below summarizes the most commonly used specifications for non-destructive examination.
o This is, however, only a small fraction of the total number of specifications that have been developed for the nondestructive
examination of various types of metal products.
 It is incumbent on the foundry to have adequate knowledge of these many specifications, as well as to have the necessary equipment and
properly trained personnel to perform the tests.
 It is equally incumbent on the manufacturer to properly communicate his requirements and to neither over-specify nor under-specify such
requirements as they may apply to a particular part.
Surface Personel Radiography Examination Mag Particle Examination Liq Penetrant Examination ULTRASONIC INSPECT.
Publishing Agency General Welding
Finish Qualification Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique Quality Level Technique
American Society for E446 (to 2")
Individual E94, E1025 E125 E125
Testing Materials A488 E186 (2-4j") E709 E165 A609 A609
Specs and E1030 A903 A903
(ASTM) E280 (4j"+)
American Society for
Non dest. Test
(ASNT)
American Society of Sec. III Sec. III Sec. V Sec. III Sec. V Sec. III Sec. V Sec. III Sec. V
Sec. IX SNT-TCIA
Mech. Engineers Sec. VIII Sec. VIII Art. 2 & 3 Sec. VIII Art. 7 Sec. VIII Art. 6 Sec. VIII Art. 23
American Welding
Sec. V Art. 1 271 D2.0-56 271 2132
2132
Society (AWS)
Department of 272
271 271
Defense (MIL-STD) 278 248 279 453 271
2132 2132
(DOD) 2132
0900-006-
U.S. Navy 410, 271 250-1500-1 0900-003-8000 0900-006-
250-1500-1 0900-003-8000 250-1500-1 9010 250-1500-1 250-1500-1
(Navships) 2132C 0900-003-9001 250-1500-1 3010
250-1500-1
Manufacturer’s
Stand-ardization SP55 250-1500-1 SP54 SP53 SP93 SP94
Soc. (MSS)
American National ANSI ASTM ASTM

Annex B Annex C ASTM E709 Annex D ASTM E165 Annex E ASTM A609
Standard B16.34 A488 E1030
Page 35
Trademarks
A list of trademarks is shown below which represent alloys listed in this material selector.
Trademarks Product of Trademarks Product of

AL-6XN Allegheny Ludlum Corporation Worthite Worthington Corp.
Chlorimet The Duriron Co. Zeron Mather Platt Ltd.
FERRALIIUM® Langley Alloys Ltd. 15-5PH Armco Inc.
Hastelloy Haynes 17-4PH Armco Inc.
Inconel and Incoloy Inco family of Co. 254SMO Avesta AB
Monel Inco family of Co. 253MA Avesta AB
Nitronic Armco Inc. Virgo 38 Creusot – Loire
RA85H Rolled Alloys Uranus 50M Creusot – Loire
Hardness Conversions
Austenitic Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions

 NACE Standard MR0175 requires the hardness for this material not to exceed 22HRC.
 Typically, these materials are less than 20HRC.
o ASTM tables do not list values, because below 20HRC the test is not accurate.
o Using table 2C and 2D of ASTM A370, an approximate hardness conversion for austenitic steels is shown.
Table 1. Hardness conversion for cast Austenitic Stainless Steel
Rockwell C Hardness
� Rockwell A Brinell Hardness No.
No. Hardness No. 10mm ball, 3000kg load
22 61.3 253
21 60.8 247
20 60.3 240
Page 36
Duplex Stainless Steel Hardness Conversions

 Standard ASTM hardness conversion tables are only approximations.
 ASTM tables do not represent data from cast duplex stainless steel.
 The table was developed from actual hardness tests on cast duplex stainless steel.
Table 2. Hardness conversion for cast Duplex Stainless Steel
Brinell Hardness No.

Rockwell C Hardness Rockwell A 10mm ball, 3000kg
No. Hardness No. load
19 60.0 231
20 60.6 235
21 61.3 239
22 61.9 243
23 62.6 248
24 63.2 252
25 63.9 256
26 64.5 260
27 65.2 264
28 65.8 269
29 66.5 273
30 67.1 277
31 67.8 281
32 68.4 285
Page 37
CA6NM - Martensitic Stainless Steel

The standard ASTM A370 hardness conversion tables state that the tables give approximate interrelationships of hardness values.
Data was developed in Tacoma on CA6NM material, which shows that the ASTM conversion tables do not apply and the more accurate relationship
is shown in the table below.
For example, if a Rockwell C hardness maximum of 23 were necessary for a CA6NM part, this would convert to a Brinell of 255 HBW in lieu of the
ASTM conversion of 243 HBW for a typical steel alloy.
Table 3. Hardness conversion for cast Martensitic Stainless Steel (CA6NM)

Note: HRC 23 equivalent to 255 HBW
Brinell Hardness No. Brinell Hardness No.

Rockwell C 10mm ball, 3000kg Load Rockwell C 10mm ball, 3000kg Load
Hardness No. Hardness No.
STEEL CA6NM STEEL CA6NM
(11) 190 201 24 247 262
(12) 194 207 25 253 269
(13) 199 217 26 258 277
(16) 212 223 27 264 281
(17) 215 228 28 271 286
(18) 219 235 29 279 302
(19) 224 241 30 286 306
21 231 248 31 294 311
22 237 252 32 301 321
23 243 255 33 311 332
Page 38
Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation
Nickel Based Alloys Alloy Steel
Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI
Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI
800 I-36
501 A494 CZ100 NICKEL 210
801 A352 LC1
508 (gas sensitive – best AOD) INVAR 36
802 A217 WC1, A356 Grade 2 A356 Grade 2 W/ Approved Deoxidation 4017 Modified
509 (gas sensitive – best AOD) INVAR 42
804 Proprietary Alloy for weldable low alloy steel; 50ksi Yield min. CE<0.48
510 A494 M-35-1, MONEL 411, A494 M-35-2[1] MONEL 806 Proprietary Alloy for weldable low alloy for 70ksi min Yield CE <0.553
512 MIL-Spec QQ-N-288 COMP. E , A494 M30C MONEL w/Cb 810 A148 80-40, 80-50, 90-60, A486 GR. 90, 4125 Modified
520 MIL-S-24271A (SOLUTION ANNEAL FOR DUCTILITY) 815 4130 modififed
521 HASTELLOY G 820 A148 105-85, 115-95, 135-125 Light to Medium Sections 4130 Modified
522 A494 CW-6MC, EB3163, INCONEL 625 821 A915 grade SC4130 and A958 grade SC4130 4130 ASTM grades
523 A494 CY-40 (MUST BE SOLUTION ANNEALED) 822 HIGHER ALLOYED 820. A148 UP TO 135-125
541 A494 N-12MV, Only quote if T<3 inches HASTELLOY B 823 HIGHER ALLOYED 820. A148 UP TO 150-135
544 A494 CW-6M, CHLORIMET 3 824 8825 Modified
545 A494 N-7M, (no quote if over 4inches) CHLORIMET 2, 825 Higher Alloyed USED For High Hardness Applications
545A Like N7M,but much tighter specification FMC 19C7 826 A356 GRADE 5
546 A494 CW-2M, HASTELLOY C4C 827 A915 grade SC4140 and A958 grade SC4140 4140 ASTM cast grades
549 A567 GRADE 5, HASTELLOY X 828 A148 90-60 FOR ROBINS
829 A915 grade SC8630 and A958 grade SC8630 8630 ASTM cast grades
830 Higher Alloyed 820
Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation 831 A487 Grade 4 Classes A - E: A915 grade SC8625, A958 grade SC8625 8625 ASTM cast grades
Carbon Steels 833 A487 Grade 10 Class A, B, 4320 Modified
Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI 834 4320 Modified
710 1010 MODIFIED 835 8635 Modified
711 A216 S-16 for Hydroflouric Acid Alkylation Service (low residuals) 836 A487 Grade 10 Modified
715 A352 LCA, LCB, LCC, A757 A1Q, A2Q 1015 MODIFIED 837 A487 Grade 9 Classes A - D, 4125 Modified
716 A216-83 Grade WCB with CVN & Low CE-only Normalize+Temper 839 A915 grade SC8620 and A958 grade SC8625 8620 ASTM cast grades
717 A216 WCC with CVN Requirements 840 A757 Grade C1Q, 4620 Modified
720 A216 WCA, A27 65-35,60-30,U60-30,N-2, N-1, 70-40; 1020 ASTM 841 Similar TO A487 Grade 10 with .18%C -105ksi Tensile and 85ksi Yield
721 A487 Grade 2, Class A & B 843 A487 grade 4B 4320 Modified
723 A216 WCC, A356 Grade 1 with approved Deoxidation 844 CR 1.5 - NI 2 - MO .5 - Low Alloy Steel
724 A216 WCB with 0.25% Carbon Max. 850 ASTM A356 Grade 9
725 A216 WCB, WCC, WCA; A27 70-36 ; 1025 ASTM cast grades 851 ASTM A356 Grade 6
730 A915 grade SC1030 and A958 grade SC1030 1030 ASTM cast grades 853 A217 WC6, A356 Grade 6
740 A915 grade SC1040 and A958 grade SC1040 1040 ASTM cast grades 854 A217 WC9, A356 Grade 10, A487 Grade 8 Modified, A757 Grade D1
745 A915 SC1045 ; A958 SC1045 1045 MODIFIED 855 A217 C5
746 1046 Modified 856 ASTM A217 WC11, A356 Grade 6, various Grades in A757
857 ASTM A356 Grade 10
799 Special Chemistries Requested Per this Designation
859 ASTM A356 grade 12 and A217 Grade C12A
860 A352 LC2: A757 B2N, B2Q
861 A352 LC3: A757 B3N, B3Q
862 A352 LC4: A757 B4N, B4Q
863 A757 E1Q MODIFIED
864 T9074-BD-GIB-010/0300 Appendix D. HY80; MIL-S-23008 Grade HY-80
864 A352 LC2-1. A757 Grades E2N1, E2Q1, E2Q2, E2N2, E2N3, E2Q3 Mod
865 T9074-BD-GIB-010/0300 Appendix D HY100
865 MIL-S-23008 GRADE HY-100
869 A217 C12
898 A148 105-85
899 Request special chemistries
Page 39
Stainless Cross-reference
Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation Cross Reference Bradken Alloy VS Material Designation
Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Continued
Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI Tacoma Alloy ASTM AISI
900 A743 & A217 CA15: A487 CA15 Class A, B 410 936 Proprietary Alloy for die blocks.
901 A743 CA40 420 940 A351 & A743 CK20 310
902 A743 & A487 CA15M, MIL-C-24707-6 941 A351 HK30
903 A757 E3N, A743 & A356 CA6NM with Deoxidation. A487 CA6NM Class A 942 A351 HK40
909 A487 CA6NM Class B (Low C CA6NM for HRC 23 Max.) NACE 943 330
910 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8 304 945 A297 HK As Cast
911 A351 & A743 CF3 & CF3A (any low carbon) 304L 946 A297 HT As Cast 330
912 Ferrite <1.5% & low Magnetic Permeability 305 947 A743 CN3M, IN862
913 A351 CF8A 948 A351 & A743 & A744 CN7M, ALLOY 20
914 A351 CG3M (per specification). See 923 for higher strength. 949 A351 & A743 & A744 CN3MN Allegeny AL6XN
950 Uddelholm 904L
915 A297 HF, 302B
951 A351, A743, A744, A990 CK-3MCuN; Avesta254 SMO
916 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8C 347
952 A747 CB7CU-2, 15-5 PH
917 A351 & A743 CGMMN Nitronic 50
954 A747 CB7CU-1 H900, 17-4 PH
920 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8M, 316
955 A747 CB7CU-1 H925 TO H1150 DBL: 17-4 PH
921 A351 & A743 & A744 CF3M CF3MA, (any low carbon) 316L
957 A890, A995 CD4MCuN - GRADE 1B: Duplex Stainless
922 Nonmagnetic 316 316
958 A890, A995 Grade 5A (CE3MN) Duplex Stainless
923 A351 & A743 & A744 CG8M (Higher strength) 317
959 A890, A995 CD3MN Grade 4A; Sandvick 2205, DIN X2CRNIMO 22.5 Duplex Stainless
924 CG8M with 0.03% C Max. , also CG3M (see Tacoma Alloy 914)
961 Duplex - Similar to Zeron 25 Duplex Stainless
925 A351 & A743 & A744 CF8M with 50ksi minimum YIELD, 316
962 A890, A995 CD3MWCuN grade 6A (has 0.5 to 1.0% W) Zeron 100,
928 A351 CF10M
963 A890, A995 CD6MN 3A and UNS J93371 Duples Stainless
929 CF3MN 316LN
964 Duplex - Similar to Zeron – Uranus 50M Duples Stainless
930 A351 & A743 CH-10, CH-20, 309 966 CLASS 2001 REV C Duples Stainless
931 Rolled Alloys RA85H 967 A890 grade 1C, CD3MCuN Duples Stainless
932 A743 CE-30 970
933 Cast Version of UNS S308115, Avesta 253MA; Alloy 933 w/Cerium.
934 ASTM A297 Grade HN
935 A297 HH, A447 Type I, II 309
Page 40
948 Carbon
715 Stainless
Steel
Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 948
Water quenched and tempered alloy
0.03% Max Carbon CN7M (aka CN3MCu)
Grades WCB-WCC (with Supplement S15), LCB-LCC
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 948 is a low carbon version of the well-known cast austenitic stainless
Bradken Tacoma
steel CN7M. Alloy 715
Its chemical is a plainand
composition carbon steel with
mechanical excellent
properties Charpy
satisfy v-notch impact
the requirements of
properties
grade CN7M that canASTM
under satisfy the requirements
A351, of ASTM
A743, A744, A990 A216SA351.
and ASME Grades WCB, WCC, and
A352 Grades LCB, LCC when specified.
This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy has an excellent reputation for its use in sulfuric acid
and in many
Bradken reducing
Tacoma chemicals.
Foundry has aThe high nickel
technical staffcontent togetherthat
of engineers withare
the willing
added elements
to assist you.
molybdenum
We urge youand copper impart
to contact one ofthe
thenecessary
Bradken resistance to corrosion in these
Tacoma representatives environments.
so that we may be
able to service your needs and provide you with a high quality product.
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability and a high susceptibility for hot tears
and solidification cracking. Bradken Tacoma has virtually eliminated these problems as a result of
Typical Applications
Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) refining. The key element for this success is the efficient
removal of carbon and sulfur during refining. A typical carbon content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
948 is <0.015% while the sulfur is <0.005%. Reducing the level of these two elements has
Valves, flanges, fittings, pump cases and other pressure containing parts, and structural
dramatically reduced issues previously encountered with this alloy. A superior
applications. When a plain carbon steel requiring improved impact castingover
properties results
the
when thecast
normal carbon and steel
carbon sulfur grades
contentsisare controlled
selected, to these
choose WCBlow or WCC in the. quenched and
concentrations
tempered condition.
Bradken Tacoma Foundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
urge you to contact one of these Bradken Tacoma representatives so that we may be able to
Typical Composition
service your and Mechanical
needs and provide Properties
you with a high quality product.
Typical
The alloyApplications
is designed with a maximum carbon content of 0.25%, enhancing weldability.
Excellent low temperature toughness properties are achieved with a normalize and
Chemical
temper processing,
heat heat exchangers, pumps, valves, highly corrosive environments
treatment.
Typical Composition
Typical Composition
C C
Mn Si Mn Mo Si
Cr NiP PS S
0.20 0.90 0.45 0.014 0.006
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
Typical Mechanical Properties
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Strength Yield Strength % Elongation %RA Charpy (at -50°F)
75 ksi 47 ksi 31 65 37 ft-lb
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Strength Strength Elongation
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Typical 71 ksi 32 ksi 50
3201 South Wilkeson St *Tacoma, Washington 98409 *Phone (253)-475-4600 *Fax (253-473-8710
3201 South Wilkeson St • Tacoma, Washington 98409 • Phone (253) 475-4600 • Fax (253) 473-8710
Page 41
Charpy V-notch Curve for quenched and tempered carbon steel
948 Stainless Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition and mechanical properties satisfy the requirements of
grade CN7M under ASTM A351, A743, A744, A990 and ASME SA351.
and in many reducing chemicals. The high nickel content together with the added elements
molybdenum and copper impart the necessary resistance to corrosion in these environments.
The Charpy V-notch
Unfortunately, CN7M hastransition curves
a reputation for for Bradken
poor Tacoma
weldability Alloysusceptibility
and a high 715 show the for effect of
hot tears
AOD (Argon Oxygen
and solidification Decarburization)
cracking. Bradken Tacoma refinement versus
has virtually conventionally
eliminated Electric
these problems asArc
a result of
Furnace (Arc)Decarburization
Argon Oxygen refined metal. (AOD)
Whenrefining.
carbon steel is processed
The key element forusing the AOD
this success method
is the of
efficient
refining,
removal ofthe impact
carbon andproperties arerefining.
sulfur during enhanced as shown
A typical carbon above.
content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
The AOD process
dramatically reducedoffers
issuesan opportunity
previously to improve
encountered withsteel with basic
this alloy. refining.
A superior Theresults
casting product
of thisthe
when refinement is sulfur
carbon and steel contents
with low are
residual gas to
controlled levels
these resulting .
in fewer non-metallic
low concentrations
inclusions. This cleaner steel coupled with low sulfur levels (typically less than 0.010%)
Bradken Tacoma
dramatically Foundry
improves has a technical
toughness staff of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
properties.
service your
Although needssteel
carbon and provide
can be you with a high
produced quality product.
by conventional methods, AOD processing further
improves the integrity of the casting. AOD refined carbon steel has excellent weldability
Typical
due Applications
to the low carbon and low sulfur contents. Hot tearing during solidification on even
the most intricate shape is diminished considerably, reducing the need to weld repair and
Chemical processing, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, highly corrosive environments
enhancing the quality of the casting.
Typical Composition
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 715 should be considered when a plain carbon steel with excellent
impact strength is required. Upon request, certifications are available verifying specific
C impact
low temperature Mn properties.
Si TheMo customerCrshould specify
Ni theP desiredStest
temperature and the minimum absorbed energy that must be achieved.
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Bradken Tacoma Cu
testing
N
facilities include a certified Charpy V-notch impact machine and
a nil-ductility transition temperature (NDTT) testing apparatus to meet requirements for
toughness properties.
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 42
948 Low
804 Stainless
alloy Steel
Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
948
0.03%steel
Alloy Max designed
Carbon CN7M
for 50(aka
ksi CN3MCu)
(345 MPa) yield strength, 0.47 CE, with excellent
toughness
steel alloy
This CN7M. wasIts chemical by
developed composition and mechanical
Bradken Tacoma properties
to meet the satisfyof
requirements the
therequirements
Offshore Oilof
grade CN7M
Industry. It is under ASTM
weldable withA351, A743,
or without A744,
the needA990 and ASME
for preheat SA351.
or post weld heat treatment. It
provides good mechanical properties with excellent yield strength and ductility. Bradken Tacoma
This
alloy corrosion resistant
804 is refined usingstainless
the AODsteel alloyOxygen,
(Argon, has an excellent reputation
Decarburization) for its resulting
process use in sulfuric
in lowacid
and inand
sulfur many gasreducing chemicals.
levels producing The
very highsteel
clean nickel content
with together
excellent with the added elements
ductility.
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability
urge you to contact one of the Bradken Tacoma and a high
representatives susceptibility
so that we may befor hottotears
able service
and
yoursolidification cracking.
needs and provide youBradken Tacoma
with a high qualityhas virtually eliminated these problems as a result of
product
removal of
Typical carbon and sulfur during refining. A typical carbon content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
Applications
dramatically
Structural reduced
castings forissues previously encountered
semi submersibles, withseismic
riser baskets, this alloy. A superior
safety devices,casting
TLPs, results
FPSO, and
when the carbon and sulfur contents are controlled to these low concentrations.
Spars
Typical Mechanical Properties 1
service your needs and provide you with a high quality product.
13 inch (330mm) QTS Typical at Typical at T/3
Typical Applications surface
Tensile Strength ksi (MPa) 79.8 (550) 74.8 (516)
Yield Strength ksi (MPa) 59.3 (409) 52.8 (364)
Typical Composition% Elongation 29 32
% Reduction of Area 74 75
C strength/Tensile
Yield Mn SistrengthMo
ratio Cr 0.744 Ni P 0.706 S
Charpy
0.012 V-notch
0.41 at -40°C
0.66 ft-lb (Joules)
2.4 113 (153)
20.4 28.7 211 (287)
0.002 0.002
Charpy V-notch at -40°C % Shear 100 100
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
1 Typical
1180°F temper and 1150°F PWHT 71 ksi 32 ksi 50
Page 43
Typical AOD Refined Chemistry2
948 Stainless Steel
C Mn Si Mo Cr Ni Al P S
0.115 0.912 0.501 0.290 0.264 0.923 0.016 0.007 0.002
Alloy VData Sheet
Cu N Ti Cb 3 B CE PCM
0.0004 0.112 0.0057 <0.001
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 9480.002 <0.001 0.447 0.230
Charpy V-notch
dramatically reduced issues previously encountered with this alloy. A superior casting results
Typical Composition
C Mn Si Mo Cr Ni P S
0.012Metal
CTOD of Base 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
CE= 0.47 Cu N
63.6 ksi Yield Strength
3x3x15 inches 3.2-10°C0.0785
(+14°F)
G m = 0.030 inches G m = 0.76 mm Valid
= 0.031 inches
Gm G m = 0.80 mm Valid
TensileG mProperties
= 0.028 inches G m = 0.72 mm Valid
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
2 specification
The chemistry, CE, and PCM can be varied to achieve customized requirements.
3 Typical 71 ksi 32 ksi 50
Cb is Columbium which is another term for Nb, Niobium.
Page 44
Heat Treatment
948 Stainless Steel
This is a homogenized, water quenched, and tempered alloy resulting in a tempered martensite
structure shown in the micrographs below.
Microstructure
Alloy Data Sheet
100x 500x
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 45
948 Stainless Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 46
948 Low
806 Stainless
alloy Steel
Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
Bradken Tacoma
Bradken Tacoma Alloy
Alloy 806
948
0.03%Steel
Alloy Max Carbon CN7M
designed (aka
for 65 ksi CN3MCu)
(450 MPa) yield strength and excellent toughness.
CE 0.553 Max
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition and mechanical properties satisfy the requirements
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 806 was developed to exhibit strength and toughness. It is used withofor
grade CN7M
without PWHT. under
806ASTM A351,
is refined A743,
using the A744, A990 and
AOD (Argon, ASMEDecarburization)
Oxygen, SA351. process resulting
in low sulfur and gas levels producing a very clean steel with excellent ductility and strength.
molybdenum
urge and copper
you to contact one ofimpart the necessary
the Bradken Tacomaresistance to corrosion
representatives so thatinwe
these
mayenvironments.
be able to service
your needs and provide you with a high quality product
Structural and pressure
948 is <0.015% retaining
while the sulfur iscastings
<0.005%.for Reducing
semi submersibles;
the level ofpontoons,
these twonodes, riserhas
elements baskets,
TLPs and Spars.
Charpy V-notch
urge you to contact806
one CVN
of these Bradken
curve CE Tacoma representatives
.52, Yield so thatMpa)
75 ksi (517 we may be able to
180
Typical Applications 160
ft-lbs
Absorbed Energy
140
joules
120
Typical Composition 100
80
60
40
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 20 28.7 0.002 0.002
0
-70 Cu
-60 -50N -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
3.2 0.0785 Temperature (F or C)
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 47
Actual Mechanical Properties in Quality Test Coupons (QTC)
948 Stainless Steel(178mm)
at T/4 of 7 inch
QTS
at T/4 of 11.7
inch (297 mm)
QTC
Alloy Data Tensile Strength ksi (MPa)
Sheet 92.1 (635) 91.3 (629)
Yield Strength ksi (MPa) 72.2 (498) 71.6 (494)
% Elongation 25 25
% Reduction
0.03% Max Carbon of Area
CN7M (aka CN3MCu) 69 69
Yield strength/Tensile strength ratio 0.784 0.784
Charpy V-notch at +23°F (-5C) ft-lb
126.7 (172) 120 (163) of
grade CN7M under ASTM (Joules)
A351, A743, A744, A990 and ASME SA351.
% Shear 96 95
molybdenum and copper impart the necessary
Typical resistance
AOD Refined to corrosion in these environments.
Chemistry
and solidification
C cracking.
Mn Bradken
Si Tacoma
Mo has
Crvirtually Ni
eliminatedAlthese problems
P as Sa result of
removal0.12
of carbon1.35 0.58
and sulfur 0.24
during refining. A0.24 0.94 content
typical carbon 0.016 0.007 Tacoma
for Bradken 0.001Alloy
V reduced
dramatically Cu issues N Cb 1 with this
previouslyTiencountered B alloy. CE PCM
A superior casting results
0.0001 0.12 0.0057 0.0008 0.0023 <0.001 0.52 0.26
NDTT your needs and provide you with a high quality product.
service
Test two (2)
Typical specimens from surface to exhibit “No Break” at -4°F and -13°F.
Applications
Heat Treatment
This SteelComposition
Typical is homogenized, water quenched, and tempered alloy. The resulting tempered
martensite is both strong and tough.
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Figure 1 100X Required by
62 ksi 252ksi
Figure 500X 35
specification
Page 48
948 High
864 Stainless
AlloySteel
Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
948
0.03%Steel
Alloy Max Carbon
designed
CN7M
for 80ksi
(aka (550MPa)
CN3MCu) yield strength with excellent toughness
Bradken
This alloyTacoma Alloy 948
was developed toisexhibit
a low high
carbon version
strength andof toughness.
the well-known
Thiscast austenitic
alloy is knownstainless
as HY80
steelhas
and CN7M.
beenIts chemical
used composition
in military and navaland mechanical
applications forproperties satisfy the
several decades. Therequirements
alloy can be of
grade CN7M
produced withunder ASTMpost
or without A351,
weldA743,
heat A744, A990Bradken
treatment. and ASME SA351.
Tacoma alloy 864 is refined using the
AOD (Argon, Oxygen, Decarburization) process resulting in low sulfur and gas levels producing
This
cleancorrosion
steel withresistant
excellentstainless
ductility,steel alloy has
toughness, anstrength.
and excellent This
reputation for be
alloy can its use
usedinanywhere
sulfuric acid
and in many
strength reducing
combined withchemicals. The high
low temperature nickel content
toughness together with the added elements
is required.
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability
urge you to contact one of the Bradken Tacoma and a high
representatives susceptibility
so that we may befor hottotears
able service
and
yoursolidification cracking.
needs and provide youBradken Tacoma
with a high qualityhas virtually eliminated these problems as a result of
product.
removal of
Typical carbon and sulfur during refining. A typical carbon content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
Applications
dramatically reduced issues previously
Structural castings for Naval vessels encountered
(Tech with this alloy. A superior
Pub T9074-BD-GIB=010/0300 casting
Appendix D results
formerly
when the carbonand
MIL-S-23008D) andoffshore
sulfur contents are controlled to these low concentrations.
platforms.
Bradken Tacoma
Chemistry Foundryand
Maximums has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
Ranges
0.55- 0.30- 1.35- 2.75-
0.20 0.50 0.014 0.008
Chemical processing, 0.75 0.60 valves,
heat exchangers, pumps, 1.65highly3.25
corrosive environments
V Cu
Typical Composition
0.030 0.25
0.012
Mechanical 0.41
Properties 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N Tensile Yield %
%RA
3.2 0.0785
Specification
Information 80 ksi 20 35
Minimum
Typical in
Tensile Properties 115 ksi 95 ksi
sections from 20.5 58.5
(794MPA) (653MPA)
3-10” at T/4
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 49
948 Stainless Steel
Charpy V-notch
864 Chapry V-Notch Curve
Alloy Data Sheet
180
Bradken Tacoma Joules Alloy 948
Absorbed energy
160
ft-lb 140
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 948 is a low carbon version of the well-known cast120
austenitic stainless
grade CN7M under ASTM A351, A743, A744, A990 and ASME SA351. 100
80
and in many reducing chemicals. The high nickel content together with the60added elements
40
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability and a high susceptibility
20 for hot tears
0
-110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20
Temperature
948 is <0.015% while the sulfur is <0.005%. (F or
Reducing the C)of these two elements has
level
Heatyou
urge Treatment
to contact one of these Bradken Tacoma representatives so that we may be able to
This is a water quenched and tempered alloy. Military specifications prohibit PWHT. Offshore
applications usually require PWHT.
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 50
948 CA6NM
903 Stainless
Martensitic
Steel Stainless
Alloy Data Sheet
948
0.03% Max
Grade CA6NM
Carbon
& E3N
CN7M (aka CN3MCu)
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 903 948 is a martensitic
low carbon stainless
version ofsteel
the well-known cast
that satisfies theaustenitic stainless
requirements of Grade
steel CN7M.
CA6NM Its chemical
for ASTM composition
A352, A356, A743, A487and mechanical
for CA6NMproperties satisfy
Class A, and A757theGrade
requirements
E3N. This of
gradehas
alloy CN7M under
gained ASTM A351,
popularity amongA743, A744,inA990
designers and ASME
the pump, SA351.
gas and steam turbine industries. The
alloy has desirable properties that include weldability, corrosion and cavitation resistance,
This corrosion
toughness andresistant
resistancestainless steel CA6NM
to cracking. alloy hasreplaced
an excellent
CA15reputation for itsCA15
in the 1960s. use in
is sulfuric
merely a acid
and
12%inchromium
many reducing chemicals.
alloy similar to the The high nickel
first stainless content
steels together
invented. with the
CA6NM added nickel,
contains elementswhich
molybdenum andweldable
gives it superior copper impart
and it isthe necessary
stronger andresistance
tougher thanto corrosion
CA15. in these environments.
Unfortunately,
CA6NM is refined CN7M hasthe
using a reputation
Argon Oxygen for poor weldability and
Decarburization a high
(AOD) susceptibility
process. for hot tears
AOD enhancement
can consistently produce a material with lower carbon, lower sulfur, and lower gas contents,
Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) refining. The key element for this successand
resulting in a cleaner steel with fewer non-metallic inclusions. The lower carbon is the efficient
sulfur levels
removal of carbon and sulfur during refining. A to
improve weldability, decrease the susceptibility typical carbon
hot tears and content for Bradken
cracking, Tacoma Alloy
and significantly
948 is <0.015%
improve whileV-notch
the Charpy the sulfur is <0.005%.
impact properties.Reducing the level of these two elements has
when
BradkentheTacoma
carbon and sulfurhas
Foundry contents are controlled
a technical to these low
staff of engineers thatconcentrations .
are willing to assist you. We
urge you to contact one of the Bradken Tacoma representatives so that we may be able to service
Bradken
your needs Tacoma Foundry
and provide youhas a technical
with staff product.
a high quality of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
service
Typicalyour needs and provide you with a high quality product.
Applications
Pumps, impellers, bowls, diffusers, runners for water turbines, valves and compressor cases, are
areas where strength, weldability, and toughness are desirable. Also in Gas and steam turbine
Chemical
blade ringsprocessing,
and cases heat
whereexchangers, pumps,
good strength valves, highly
at temperature corrosive environments
is required.
Typical Composition
Typical Chemistry
C C Mn Mn Si Si Mo Mo Cr Cr Ni Ni Al P P S S
0.030.0120.53 0.41 0.48 0.66 0.57 2.4 12.7 20.43.81228.70.0280.0020.0230.0020.003
V Cu Cu N N Cb 1
0.03 3.2 0.200.0785
0.0122 0.011
ComputerProperties
Tensile monitored instructions are maintained during the melting operation. This ensures
precise control to achieve the analysis. A consistent chemical content guarantees that the
desired mechanical properties are satisfied.
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Typical
Cb is Columbium, which is another term for Nb, 71 ksi 32 ksi 50
1
Niobium.
Page 51
Mechanical Properties
948 Stainless
Tensile
Strength
Yield
Strength
Steel%
Elongation
%RA
Hardness,
HB
Charpy V-
notch
Specified 20 ft-lb @
117 ksi 87 ksi 20 35 285 max
Alloy Data Sheet
minimum -100F*
Typical 49 ft-lb @
121 ksi 94 ksi 20 65 275
-100F
*A757 E3N
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 52
948 CA6NM
909 Stainless
Class
SteelB
Alloy Data Sheet
948
0.03% Max Carbon CA6NM
CN7M (aka CN3MCu)
ASTM A487 and ASME SA487 Grade CA6NM Class B
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 909 is a product of the Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD)of
grade CN7M
process andunder ASTM
Bradken A351, A743,
Tacoma A744, A990
technology. Thisand ASME
highly SA351.
refined metal has a low gas
content and a low sulfur level. The result is a cleaner, higher quality casting with
excellent weldability and low temperature toughness.
Bradken
molybdenumTacoma
and Alloy
copper 909 is a low
impart the carbon
necessaryversion of the well-known
resistance to corrosionmartensitic stainless steel
in these environments.
Grade CA6NM. It was developed for use in hydrogen sulfide environments and offers advantages
over the cast stainless
Unfortunately, CN7M has steel Grade CA15
a reputation for that
pooritweldability
has replacedandinamost
high applications.
susceptibility for hot tears
The National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) has accepted CA6NM as a material that
can be employed in oil field equipment. NACE Standard MR-0175 specifies that ASTM A487
Grade CA6NM Class B is appropriate when the hardness does not exceed HRC 23. This
948 is <0.015% while the sulfur is <0.005%. Reducing the level of these two elements hasalloy
can achieve the HRC23 maximum if the maximum carbon
dramatically reduced issues previously encountered content
with this alloy.isA0.03%.
superiorThe HRC 23
casting results
maximum
when hardness
the carbon andissulfur
required for H 2are
contents S environments.
controlled to these low concentrations.
urge you to contact one of the Bradken Tacoma representatives so that we may be able to service
your needs and provide you with a high quality product
Pumps, valves, and cases for the Oil Industry with low hardness (per NACE MR0175), excellent
weldability,processing,
Chemical and low temperature toughness
heat exchangers, pumps, valves, highly corrosive environments
Typical Composition
Typical Chemistry Properties
C C Mn Mn Si Si Mo Mo Cr Cr Ni Ni Al P P S S
0.016 0.53 0.48 0.53 12.70 3.81 0.016 0.023 0.003
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
V Cu
Cu N
0.031 0.19
3.2 0.0785
Mechanical Properties ASTM A487 CA6NM Class B
Tensile Properties
Hardness,
Tensile Yield %
Tensile Yield %RA
% Max. HRC
Strength Strength Elongation (HB)
Required Required by 62 ksi 25 ksi 35
100 ksi 75 ksi 17 35 23 (255)
minimum specification
Typical Typical 113 71 ksi 87 32 ksi
21 50
68 19(232)
Page 53
API Standard 610, sixth edition, defines the minimum requirements for centrifugal pumps for use
in petroleum refinery service. It states, “Materials for the pressure casing, shafting, balance
948 Stainless Steel
pistons, impellers and bolting having hardness in excess of Rockwell C23 shall not be used for
components exposed to wet H 2 S service, including trace quantities.”
Bradken Tacoma alloy 909 castings will not exceed a hardness of Rockwell C23. The class B
Alloy inData
CA6NM ASTMSheet
has a carbon max of 0.06%. By specifying a Carbon of 0.03% maximum in the
order, the base metal can easily meet 23HRC. Low levels of carbon are achieved with AOD
melting or judicial use of scrap and induction melting. It will be very difficult to meet the 23HRC
maximum with carbon levels over 0.03%.
Typical Charpy V-Notch Values
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition and mechanical
Temperature, °F properties satisfy the requirements of
Ft.-lb
-50 85
-10
This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy has an 117reputation for its use in sulfuric acid
excellent
and in many reducing chemicals. The high 10 nickel content 105
together with the added elements
Heat Treatment
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldabilitythat
The following heat treatment produces CA6NM castings andsatisfy
a highNACE
susceptibility
StandardforMR-0175
hot tearsfor
and solidification cracking.
CA6NM castings and ASTMBradken
A487 gradeTacoma has class
CA6NM virtually
B. eliminated these problems as a result of
Argon Oxygen
Normalize Decarburization
+ 1250F +1125F (AOD) refining. The key element for this success is the efficient
The 1250F cycle is an intercritical heat treatment. This means half the martensite gets a very
948 is temper
warm <0.015% while the
(softens the sulfur
metal)isand
<0.005%. Reducing
the other half turnsthe level
into of thesewhich
austenite, two elements
transformshasinto
untempered martensite upon cooling from 1250F.
when
It the carbon
is imperative and
that thesulfur
1250Fcontents are controlled
be followed to1125F,
directly by these low concentrations
which . cycle. The
is a tempering
1125F will temper the new martensite. The result is soft and softer martensite crystals in the
Bradken
structure.Tacoma Foundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
service
Weldingyour needs and provide you with a high quality product.
The alloy is easy to weld. The PWHT is 1250 + 1125F which softens the weld in the same
manner as the base metal.
Chemical
Hardnessprocessing,
Conversionsheat
forexchangers,
CA6NM pumps, valves, highly corrosive environments
The standard conversion correlations in ASTM A370 do not apply to CA6NM. The data below
Typical
show the Composition
alloy specific hardness conversion for CA6NM.
HB Class B CA6NM; HRC
approved by API
0.012 0.41 201
0.66 2.4 20.411 28.7 0.002 0.002
207 12
Cu N
217 13
3.2 0.0785 223 16
228 17
Tensile Properties 235 18
241 19
Tensile Yield %
248 Strength
21
Strength Elongation
Required by255 23
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 54
948 Stainless Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 55
It is important to reduce the potential for intergranular carbides. Intergranular carbides are a low
melting phase segregates on grain boundaries and contributes to the cracking tendency of this
948 Stainless Steel
alloy. A 0.03% maximum carbon minimizes the number of carbides present, resulting in reduced
welding problems. The lower carbon further enhances the alloy’s corrosion resistance, which is
typical of the common “L” grades. Note that the specifications often have 0.07% Carbon
maximum.
Alloy Data Sheet
Please specify in the quote and purchase order that a carbon 0.03% maximum is required.
Bradken Tacoma
Bradken Tacoma Alloy
proprietary AOD 948methods ensures low sulfur levels and a cleaner
processing
0.03%
material.Max Carbon CN7M (aka CN3MCu)
Bradken Tacoma
In the past Alloy 948
it was virtually is a low carbon
impossible to passversion of the well-known
liquid penetrant cast with
examination austenitic
non-AODstainless
CN7M
steel CN7M.
because Itsinherent
of the chemical composition
cracks developedandfrom
mechanical properties
grain boundary satisfyin
carbides the requirements
the of
fully austenitic
grade CN7M
stainless under
steel. AOD ASTM A351,
refined A743,Tacoma
Bradken A744, A990
Alloy and
948 ASME
is now SA351.
readily processed without grain
boundary cracking, and can satisfy LPE requirements as outlined by ASME and military
specifications.
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 56
948 Duplex
957 Stainless
Stainless
Steel steel
Alloy Data Sheet
948
0.03% Max
ASTM A890Carbon
& A995CN7M
Grade(aka
1B, CD4MCuN
CN3MCu)
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 957 satisfies the requirements of Grade 1B (CD4MCuN). The
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition and mechanical properties satisfy
choice of specification is dependent upon the application and the requirements
the environment. ASTMof
grade CN7M
A890 under ASTM
is for general A351,
purpose A743,
and A995A744, A990
is for and ASME
pressure SA351.
vessel castings.
CD4MCuN is used in many severe environments including brine, seawater, sulfuric acid,
nitric acid and
molybdenum other
and oxidizing
copper andnecessary
impart the reducing resistance
corrosive to
agents. Alloy
corrosion 957’senvironments.
in these ability to resist
corrosion is superior and its yield strength is approximately double that of grades CF8 and
CF8M.
Duplex Stainless
Argon Oxygen steels possesses
Decarburization (AOD) a two-phase
refining. microstructure
The key of approximately
element for this 50%
success is the efficient
ferrite
removal and 50% austenite.
of carbon This structure
and sulfur during refining. gives thecarbon
A typical Duplex additional
content strength
for Bradken and Alloy
Tacoma
corrosion resistance
948 is <0.015% especially
while the in ChlorideReducing
sulfur is <0.005%. service.the
In level
comparison, alloys
of these two like CF8M
elements has
dramatically
contain reduced
typically issues
5-20% previously
ferrite and the encountered with this alloy.
balance austenite, A superior
and they do notcasting results
perform well in
carbon and sulfur contents are controlled to these low concentrations.
when the environments.
chloride
Bradken Tacoma Foundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to assist you.
urge you to contact one of these Bradken Tacoma representatives so that we
We urge you to contact one of the Bradken Tacoma representatives so may
that be
weable
maytobe
service
able to your needs
service and
your provide
needs you
and with a high
provide quality
you with product.
a high quality product
Areas where high corrosion resistance is necessary as well as added strength, especially
in environments
Typical containing chlorides
Composition
Typical Chemistry and Mechanical Properties
C 0.012 Mn 0.41 Si 0.66 Mo 2.4 Cr 20.4 Ni 28.7 Al 0.002 P 0.002 S
0.02 Cu 0.56 N 0.65 2.0 24.9 5.12 0.038 0.026 0.004
V 3.2 Cu0.0785 N Ti Cb 1
0.043 2.89 0.164 <0.001 0.013
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 57
Tensile Properties
948 Stainless Steel Tensile
Strength
Yield
Strength
%
Elongation
Required by
100 ksi 70 ksi 16
specification
Alloy Data SheetTypical 113 ksi 81 ksi 28
Nitrogen
NitrogenTacoma
Bradken is purposely included
Alloy 948 in carbon
is a low Bradken Tacoma
version Alloy
of the 957 in acast
well-known range of 0.15-0.25%.
austenitic stainless
steel element
This CN7M. Its chemical
alters composition and
the solidification mechanical
kinetics to the properties
extent thatsatisfy the requirements
detrimental alloy of
grade CN7M under
segregation ASTM A351,
is reduced. A743, the
In addition, A744, A990 andto
resistance ASME SA351.
chloride ion induced pitting is
improved. The addition of nitrogen is controlled using the AOD process.
Welding
The addition of nitrogen in Alloy 957 enhances weldability. An influential element which
adversely affects weldability is sulfur. It is important to achieve a low sulfur content
and solidification cracking. Bradken Tacoma has virtually eliminated these problems as to of
a result
ensure good weldability. Bradken Tacoma maintains
Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) refining. strict control
The key element for this over carbon,
success is the sulfur and
efficient
nitrogen.
removal of The
carbonresultant alloy
and sulfur is readily
during weldable.
refining. A typical carbon content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
AOD
With the use of Bradken Tacoma proprietary methods and the Argon Oxygen
Decarburization (AOD) refining
Bradken Tacoma Foundry process,
has a technical theofdesired
staff chemical
engineers that arecontent
willing toisassist
easilyyou.
achieved.
We
urge yousulfur
Typical and one
to contact carbon levels
of these are 0.004%
Bradken Tacomaand 0.02% respectively.
representatives so that we may be able to
Typical Microstructure of duplex stainless steel
The dark matrix is ferrite. The lighter pools are austenite.
Typical Composition
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 58
948 Super
958 Stainless
Duplex
SteelStainless Steel
Alloy Data Sheet
Bradken Tacoma
ASTM A890 Grade 5A, UNSAlloy
J93404 948
A Super Duplex Stainless steel for seawater and chloride service
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 is a Super Duplex Stainless steel designed to maximize
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 948 is a low carbon version of the well-known cast austenitic the
stainless
resistance to chloride corrosion. Comparisons
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition withproperties
and mechanical other alloys reflect
satisfy its superior of
the requirements
properties
grade CN7M inunder
chloride
ASTMservice.
A351, A743, A744, A990 and ASME SA351.
Bradken Tacoma Foundry has a technical staff of engineers that are willing to sulfuric
This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy has an excellent reputation for its use in assist you.
acid
We
and urge youreducing
in many to contact one of the
chemicals. TheBradken Tacoma
high nickel contentrepresentatives
together with theso that elements
added we may be
molybdenum
able andyour
to service copper
needsimpart
andthe necessary
provide you resistance
with a highto quality
corrosion in these environments.
product
Unfortunately,
Typical CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability and a high susceptibility for hot tears
Applications
Pumps and valves in seawater and other aggressive environments
Typical Chemistry and Mechanical Properties
The alloy is balanced to produce a Duplex Stainless steel containing austenite
dramatically reduced issues previously encountered with this alloy. A superior castingdispersed
results
throughout a ferrite
when the carbon and matrix. The high
sulfur contents are chromium and
controlled to molybdenum
these content. greatly enhance
low concentrations
the resistance to corrosion. Nitrogen improves pitting resistance and reduces chromium
segregation.
C Mn Si Mo Cr Ni Al P S
0.018 0.485 0.428 4.245 24.56 7.707 0.038 0.022 0.005
ChemicalVprocessing,
Cu heat exchangers,
N Cbpumps,
1 valves, highly corrosive environments
Typical Composition
0.055 0.228 0.1795 0.014
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Tensile Yield % Charpy V-notch
Cu N
Strength Strength Elongation at -50F
Required
3.2 by
0.0785 See ASTM
Specification 100 ksi 75 ksi 18 A923 B
958 Typical 111 ksi 79 ksi 30 130 ft-lb
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 59
A comparison of the minimum tensile properties shows Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 to be
similar to gradesCD4MCu and CA6NM and superior to the other alloys shown below.
948 Stainless Steel
ASTM/Grade Tensile Strength (ksi) Yield Strength (ksi) Elongation (%)
Bradken Tacoma 958, 5A 100 75 18
Alloy Data Sheet
CD4MCu 100 70 16
Ferralium 255 110 70 20
Bradken CA6NM Tacoma Alloy110 948 80 15
0.03% Max CF3 70
Carbon CN7M (aka CN3MCu) 30 35
CF3M 70 30 30
CG8M
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 948 is a low 75
carbon version of the 35 cast austenitic stainless
well-known 25
CW-12MM
steel CN7M. Its chemical composition and72 mechanical properties 40
satisfy the requirements4 of
Heat Treatment
and in many reducing chemicals. The high
Optimum mechanical and corrosion nickel properties
resistant content together with the added
are achieved with aelements
solution heat
molybdenum
treatment at and copper
2075°F impart by
followed theanecessary resistance to corrosion in these environments.
water quench.
Corrosion Resistance
Pitting
removalPotential
of carbon and sulfur during refining. A typical carbon content for Bradken Tacoma Alloy
The pitting corrosion resistance of various alloys was determined by conducting anodic
polarization
when the carbontests in sulfur
and a 1M contents
(5.8%) NaCl aqueoustosolution.
are controlled these lowAt .
122°F, no pitting
concentrations occurred on
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958. This test is an indication of the likelihood of pit initiation in
Bradkenenvironments.
marine Tacoma Foundry has
As thea temperature
technical staffis
ofincreased,
engineers that
the are
testwilling
becomesto assist
moreyou. We
severe.
Therefore, it is important to observe both the temperature and potential measured when
comparing the various alloys.
As the pitting potential increases, so does the resistance to pitting corrosion when similar
temperatures
Chemical are compared.
processing, Alloy 2205
heat exchangers, wasvalves,
pumps, the highest with a 340
highly corrosive mv at 50°C, however
environments
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 resulted in 240 mv at 65°C while Ferralium 255 only achieved
110 mv at
Typical 60°C.
Composition
C Alloy
Mn Si MoTemperature,
Cr °CNi Pitting PPotentialSMv.
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 65 240
0.012 [1]
0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
CF8M [1] 65 -25
Cu Ferralium
N 255 [2] 60 110
SAF 2205 [2] 50 340
3.2 0.0785
T316 [2] 50 60
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 50 No Pitting
[1]
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 60
Crevice Corrosion
948 Stainless Steel
Many stainless steels have excellent overall corrosion resistance; however most have not
been extensively employed in seawater because they are subject to localized corrosion in
stagnant sea water. This type of attack is a form of crevice corrosion that may occur as a
result of Data
Alloy a lack of oxygen which is necessary to form a protective passive film. The
Sheet
stagnant conditions arise when the flow rate is typically less than about 3.9 to 5.2 ft per
second, when marine organisms are attached to the surface or where crevices exist.
0.03%
The Max Carbon
crevice corrosionCN7M (aka CN3MCu)
resistance was evaluated for various alloys by determining the
critical crevice temperature, the temperature above which an alloy becomes susceptible
Bradken
to Tacoma
crevice Alloy 948
corrosion. is a
Tests low carbon
were version
performed in aof10%
the well-known cast solution
ferric chloride austeniticatstainless
pH 1 for 24
hours.
2
Alloy
This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy Critical Crevice Temp,
has an excellent °C for %Mo
reputation %Cr acid
its use in sulfuric
and in manyAvesta
reducing254 SMO [3]
chemicals. The high nickel 43
content together with the 6.1 elements
added 20
Bradken
molybdenum andTacoma Alloy 958
copper impart [1]
the necessary 37to corrosion in these
resistance 4.7environments.
25
904L [3] 6 4.2 20
Unfortunately, CN7M has a reputation for poor weldability and a high susceptibility for hot
20Cb3 [3] -3 2.4 20 tears
and solidification cracking.
316L [3]Bradken Tacoma has virtually-3eliminated these problems
2.8 as16
a result of
Crevice Corrosion in Seawater
Actual tests
when the were
carbon performed
and in filtered
sulfur contents seawatertotothese
are controlled determine the resistance
low concentrations . to crevice
corrosion. Triplicate specimens, 100x150mm were in contact with multiple crevice
washers (acetyl resin)
Bradken Tacoma Foundryhaving
has a 20 grooves
technical and
staff plateaus. that
of engineers A washer was
are willing to affixed to each
assist you. We
side of potential
urge you crevice
to contact one of sites
thesefor each specimen
Bradken was 40.
Tacoma representatives so that we may be able to
Seawater, flowing at approximately 0.02 m/s, was controlled at a temperature if 25°C ±
Typical
2°C. Applications
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 was subjected to a 60 day test. Results show the
percent of sites attacked based on a possible 120 sites. Depth of attack was measured
with a needle point dial gauge to the nearest 0.01mm.
Typical Composition
The following table shows Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 compared to various data obtained
from other sources [4] [5]. The tests were performed at a temperature of 30°C, but the 5°
C significant.
variation is not Mn Si
A higher Mo level Cr
torque Ni a more
will produce P severe S
test as
shown when comparing the two results for Inco IN862. As would be expected, a 60 day
test is more0.012
stringent0.41
than 30 0.66
days. 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
Cu N
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
2 specification
Both molybdenum and chromium enhance the resistance to crevice corrosion as indicated by their effect on the
critical crevice temperature.
Page 61
% of Total sites Max pit depth,
Alloy Temp, °C Torque, Nm Days
attacked mm
948 Stainless Steel
Ferralium (W)
904L (W)
30
30
8.5
8.5
30
30
2
30
0.08
0.74
958 (C ) 25 8.5 60 8 0.38
Ferralium (C )
Alloy Data 30
Sheet 8.5 30 31 2.21
IN862 (C ) 30 2.8 60 33 1.23
IN862 (C ) 30 8.5 60 39 1.75
Bradken Tacoma Alloy2.8
CN7M (C ) 30 948 60 69 2.93
0.03%
CF8MMax(CCarbon
) CN7M
30 (aka CN3MCu)
2.8 60 74 3.59
CN7MS (C ) 30 2.8 60 84 3.53
Bradken Tacoma(C)=
(W)=wrought AlloyCast
948 is a low carbon version of the well-known cast austenitic stainless
Bradken Tacoma Alloy 958 is superior to all the cast grades tested. This includes those
tested at the lower torque level and cast Ferralium whose test duration
This corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy has an excellent reputation for its was only
use in 30 days.
sulfuric acid
Two
and inwrought alloys are
many reducing also shown,
chemicals. withnickel
The high Ferralium superior
content together904L.
with the added elements
AOD Refined
Unfortunately,
Bradken TacomaCN7M has 958
Alloy a reputation for poor weldability
was developed by Bradken and a high susceptibility
Tacoma Foundry as for hot tears
a cast
Duplex Stainless steel corrosion resistant material for chloride containing environments.
Argon
In Oxygen
addition Decarburization
to its (AOD)
unique chemical refining. Thefurther
composition, key element for this success
enhancement is the efficient
is achieved by
employing the Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) process. This ensures that the
desired low carbon content and beneficial nitrogen level is easily controlled. In addition,
an extremely low sulfur content is achieved which results in a cleaner and higher quality
casting.
Bradken Tacoma Foundry has a technical staff References
of engineers that are willing to assist you. We
urgeA.you
[1] to contact
Pozansky, "Theone of these
Corrosion Bradken
Resistance ofTacoma representatives
25Cr-3.5Mo-6Ni so that weCast
and 25Cr-4.5Mo-6Ni mayDuplex
be able to
Stainless
Steel," in ASM Metals Congress, St. Louis, 1982.
[2] E. Lizlovs, "Climax of Molybdenum," Co. of Michigan, Report No. RP-33-80-08, 1981.
[3] A. Garner, "Materials Selection for Bleached Pulp Washers," Pulp & Paper, vol. 82, no. 12, pp. T414-
Typical Composition
7425, December, 1981.
[4] H. Hack, "Crevice
C Corrosion
Mn BehaviorSi of 45 MoMolybdenum-Containing
Cr Ni Stainless
P Steels in S
Seawater,"
Corrosion, Paper No. 65 , 1982.
0.012 0.41 0.66 2.4 20.4 28.7 0.002 0.002
[5] R. Kain, "Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Several Iron and Nickel Base Cast Alloys in Seawater,"
Cu N
Corrosion, no. 66, 1982.
3.2 0.0785
Tensile Properties
Tensile Yield %
Required by
62 ksi 25 ksi 35
specification
Page 62

Alloy Selector Guide Americasttech

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Alloy Selector Guide Americasttech

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Alloy Selector Guide Americasttech

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Alloy Selector Guide

ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy ................................................................................................................................ 16

Typical Footnotes and Nomenclature

ASTM A27 – Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

ASTM A27- Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application

65-35 QT or NT 65 35 24 35 160 .30(e) 0.70 0.80 1020 J03001 725

70-36 QT or NT 70 36 22 30 160 .35(e) 0.70 0.80 1025 J03501 725

ASTM A148 – Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes

80-50 QT or NT 80 50 22 35 183 820*831*

90-60 QT 90 60 20 40 212 820*831*

130-115 QT 130 115 11 25 293 820*831*

135-125 QT 135 125 9 22 311 820*831*

150-135 QT 150 135 7 18 340

160-145 QT 160 145 6 12 364

165-150 QT 165 150 5 20 387

260-210 QT 260 210 3 6 500

260-210L QT 260 210 3 6 6/-40 500

HH C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 24-28 11-14 0.5 309 J93503

HI C 75 35 10 180 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 14-18 0.5 J94003

HK C 65 35 10 170 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 24-28 18-22 0.5 310 J94224

HE C 85 40 9 240 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 26-30 8-11 0.5 312 J93403

HT C 65 4 180 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 33-37 0.5 330 N08605

HU C 65 4 170 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 17-21 37-41 0.5 N08004

HW C 60 185 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 10-14 58-62 0.5 N08001

HX C 60 175 .35-.75 2.0 2.5 15-19 64-68 0.5 N06006

HC C 55 200 0.5 1.0 2.0 26-30 4.0 0.5 446 J92605

HD C 75 35 8 190 0.5 1.5 2.0 26-30 4-7 0.5 327 J93005

HL C 65 35 10 190 .20-.60 2.0 2.0 28-32 18-22 0.5 N08604

HN C 63 8 160 .20-.50 2.0 2.0 19-23 23-27 0.5 J94213

ASTM A351 – Castings; Austenitic for Pressure-Containing Parts

ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts

ASTM A351 - Castings; Austenitic for Pressure Containing Parts Continued

CH8 Q 65 28 30 160 0.08 1.5 1.5 22-26 12-15 0.5 J93400

CE20N Q 80 40 30 0.2 1.5 1.5 23-26 8-11 0.5 N.08-.20 HF Modified

2 NT 65 35 22 35 155 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .45-.65 4017 J12523 802

5 NT 70 40 22 35 170 .25(e) 0.7 0.6 .40-.70 .40-.60 J12540 826

9 NT 85 60 15 45 200 0.2 .50-.90 .20-.60 1-1.5 .90-1.2 V.20-.35 J21610 850

ASTM A487 – Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ASTM A487 - Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ASTM - A487 Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service - Continued

1 C NT or QT 90 65 22 45 235 0.3 1.0 0.8 V.04-.12 J13002

2 B QT 90-115 65 22 40 0.3 1.0-1.4 0.8 .10-.30 J13003 721

6 B QT 120 95 12 25 .05-.38 1.3-1.7 0.8 .40-.80 .40-.80 .30-.40 J13855

8 A NT 85-110 55 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.90 0.8 2.0-2.75 .90-1.1 J22091 857 mod.

9 B QT 105 85 16 35 .05-.33 .60-1.0 0.8 .75-1.1 .15-.30 4125 J13345 837

11 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .50-.80 0.6 .50-.80 .70-1.1 .45-.65 J12082

12 A NT 70-95 40 20 35 .05-.20 .40-.70 0.6 .50-.90 .60-1.0 .90-1.2 J12082

13 A NT 90-115 60 18 35 0.3 .80-1.1 0.6 1.4-1.75 .20-.30 834 w/o V J13060

16 A NT 70-95 40 22 35 0.12 2.1 0.5 1.0-1.4 J31200

ASTM A494 – Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

ASTM A494 Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

ASTM A494 - Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy

M35-1 C 65 25 25 <200 0.35 1.5 1.25 balance 26-33 Fe 3.5 Max

o Corrosion and hardness tests – Supplements S11, S14

CG12 Q 70 28 35 -- 180 0.12 1.5 2.0 20-23 10-13 J93001

CF20 Q 70 30 30 -- 180 0.2 1.5 2.0 18-21 8-11 J92602

CF16Fa Q 70 30 25 -- -- 0.16 1.5 2.0 18-21 9-12 .4-.8 S .2-.4 --

CK20 Q 65 28 30 -- 160 0.2 2 2.0 23-27 19-22 310 J94202 940

ASTM A744 – Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service

80-50 QT or NT 80 50 22 35 183 820831

90-60 QT 90 60 20 40 212 820831

130-115 QT 130 115 11 25 293 820831

135-125 QT 135 125 9 22 311 820831