Coal Miners Monitoring System
Coal Miners Monitoring System
Coal Miners Monitoring System
https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44328
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
Abstract: We have designed a system that provides safety while monitoring and alerting the workers about the surrounding
conditions in which they are working. The coal mine safety monitoring and alerting system is proposed for the purpose of
implementing security and detection of hazards inside a coal mine. These systems monitor the conditions and report the
necessary conditions to the control section.
Keywords: ARM 7 LPC2148, GSM Module, MQ gas sensors, DHT11 sensor, Fall Detection sensor and Flame sensor.
I. INTRODUCTION
Safety is the most essential part of any industry. In the mining industry safety and security are the critical aspects. Various accidents
take place in mines due to a rise in temperature, an increase in water levels, and methane gas leakage. So, to enhance safety in
underground mines a reliable system is designed for monitoring the safety and alerting the control section to help the workers for
their health.
Coal Mines are the world’s most dangerous place to work because the explosion of the mines often happens and thus thousands of
people are dying. A recent report states that in such mine accidents an average of around 12,000 people have died. Mainly such
mishaps happen as a direct result of old equipment and wired devices, resulting in the end, mishandling, and leakage of toxic gases
in the coal mines.
So, we have designed a system that provides safety while monitoring and alerting the workers about the surrounding conditions in
which they are working. The coal mine safety monitoring and alerting system is proposed to implement security and detection of
hazards inside a coal mine. These systems monitor the conditions and report the necessary conditions to the control section.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2726
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
Yongping Wu and Guo Feng implement coal pit monitoring using the Bluetooth wireless gear. As a customary of unified global
short-range wireless communication, Bluetooth technology is to determine a typical low-power, low-cost wireless air interface and
controlling software opening system. This paper describes the event background technical features and also the structure of the
protocol stack of Bluetooth technology and also the proposed the solutions of the Bluetooth host controller interface (HCI) wireless
communication for the complexity of its development. [4]
The MQ-135 Gas sensors are utilized in air internal control equipment and are suitable for detecting or measuring NH3, NOx,
Alcohol, Benzene, Smoke, and CO2. The MQ-135 sensor module comes with a Digital Pin which makes this sensor operate even
without a microcontroller which comes in handy after you are only trying to detect one particular gas. If you wish to live the gases
in PPM, the analog pin has to be used. The analog pin is TTL driven and works on 5V then may be used with the foremost common
microcontrollers.
B. DHT11 Sensor
DHT11 may be a low-cost digital sensor for sensing temperature and humidity. This sensor is easily interfaced with any
microcontroller like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, etc., to live humidity and temperature instantaneously. DHT11 humidity and
temperature sensor are available as a sensor and as a module. The difference between this sensor and module is that the pull-up
resistor and a power-on LED. DHT11 could be a ratio sensor. to live the encompassing air this sensor uses a thermistor and a
capacitive humidity sensor. DHT11 sensor consists of a capacitive humidity device and a thermistor for sensing temperature. The
humidity sensing capacitor has two electrodes with a moisture-holding substrate as a dielectric between them. Change within
the capacitance value occurs with the change in humidity levels. The IC measure, process these changed resistance values and
change them into digital form.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2727
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
For measuring temperature this sensor uses a Negative Temperature coefficient thermistor, which causes a decrease in its resistance
value with an increase in temperature. To get a larger resistance value even for the smallest temperature change, this sensor is
usually made up of semiconductor ceramics or polymers.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2728
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
The module is usually connected to +4.0V standard power supply. It can work on +4.5V regulated power and any higher voltage
may damage the module. and therefore the power source should be ready to deliver a peak current of 2A. The UART interface is
established as shown in figure.
All you would like to try and do is connect RXD of module to TXD of Arduino and TXD is connected to RXD of ARDUINO. the
bottom of controller and module must be connected for voltage reference. Here AUDIO IN is connected to MIC and AUDIO OUT
is connected to a speaker or headset. And eventually, we want to attach a working GSM SIM card to the module. On powering the
module, the NETLIGHT LED will blink periodically to state successful connection.
E. ARM7 LPC2138
LPC2138 is an ARM7TDMI-S based high-performance 32-bit RISC Microcontroller with Thumb extensions 512KB on-chip Flash
ROM with In-System Programming (ISP) and In-Application Programming (IAP), Two 8-ch 10bit ADC 32KB RAM, Vectored
Interrupt Controller, Two UARTs, one with full modem interface. Two I2C serial interfaces, Two SPI serial interfaces Three 32-bit
timers, Watchdog Timer, Real clock with optional battery backup, Brown out detect circuit General purpose I/O pins. CPU log up to
60 MHz, On-chip quartz oscillator and On-chip PLL.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2729
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
The block diagram of the system is as shown above where the MQ 135 Gas sensor along with other sensors senses the overall
environment of the coal mine. After sensing the conditions the input values are then given to the LPC2138 microcontroller which
further processes the signals and based on the threshold values provided gives the output to the output devices like buzzer, LCD,
GSM, etc.
The working of the proposed system is shown in the above figure where the software provided to the microcontroller contains the
conditions related to the threshold values of the parameters measured. Based on the conditions and current parameters measured the
system provides alerting signals through buzzers and messages to the workers to escape from the situation to save their life. The
sensors detect and measure the gas concentration and provide it to the microcontroller then based on measured values the
microcontroller provides signals for the output system by comparing it with threshold signals provided.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2730
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
VII. CONCLUSION
A real-time monitoring system is developed to provide a clear perspective of the underground mine. This system displays the
parameters on the monitoring unit which helps the workers in the mine to save their lives before any problem occurs. This system
also provides an alerting signal when the sensor value crosses the threshold level. This system also stores the real-time parameters
data which can be used for further inspection.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2731
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com
[7] Bo Cheng, Shuai Zhao, Shangguang Wang and Junliang Chen. “Lightweight Mashup Middleware for Coal Mine Safety Monitoring and Control Automation”
by Bo Cheng, Shuai Zhao, Shangguang Wang and Junliang Chen. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering.
[8] Jingjiang Song, Yingli Zhu and Fuzhou Dong College of Communication and Electronics, Jiangxi Science &Technology Nonnal University, “Automatic
Monitoring System for Coal Mine Safety Based on Wireless Sensor Network” 2011, IEEE Journal
[9] P.Poornima, T. Bhavya Sai “Coal Mine Monitoring System using Arduino and LORA”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering, July 2020.
[10] Kumaravel A, Ajith K and Sravani K “IOT Mining Tracking and Worker Safety Helmet”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering.
©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved | SJ Impact Factor 7.538 | ISRA Journal Impact Factor 7.894 | 2732