Pavements Essay: Universidad Industrial de Santander Escuela de Ingenieria Civil Diseño de Pavimentos

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UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER

ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL


DISEÑO DE PAVIMENTOS

PAVEMENTS ESSAY

¿CAN COBBLESTONE PAVEMENTS BE CONSTRUCTED WITH RECYCLED MATERIAL?

Integrantes:

Cristian Steven Aguilar Aguilar Cod. 2175568


Christian Ferney Rodriguez Correa Cod. 2164173
Óscar Julián Gómez Rangel Cod. 2172124

Presentado a:
Ing. Allex Eduardo Alvarez Lugo
Ph.D

UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER


FACULTAD FISICO - MECÁNICAS
ESCUELA DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL
l SEMESTRE DE 2022
BUCARAMANGA
2022
UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
DISEÑO DE PAVIMENTOS

¿CAN COBBLESTONE PAVEMENTS BE CONSTRUCTED WITH RECYCLED MATERIAL?

Due to the rapid development of urbanization and infrastructure, the use of cobblestones has increased
considerably since they are concrete pieces used for the construction of pavements, urban vehicular
roads, markets, residential areas, pedestrian traffic, sidewalks, gardens, public squares, among others.
These are units made with cement, sand, water, and other natural materials.

The general objective of this document is to analyze the mechanical behavior of the cobblestone using
non-traditional materials such as corn cob leaf shavings and debris obtained on site, which turns out to
be a high-quality and environmentally friendly product.

Nowadays, there is a lot of different research and articles related to the use of various recycled materials
to make cobblestone blocks. For example, China produced a total of 2,360 tons of construction and
demolition waste (CD&D) in the last decade and only 5% of this debris was reused, so an increasing
number of countries are looking for a use for this material. [1]In this order of ideas, a study was carried
out at the Pontificia Javeriana University of Cali regarding the use of this RC&D, specifically the use of
recycled aggregates from old cobblestone blocks for the creation of new ones. The conclusions of this
study show that replacing 50% of the weight in the fine and coarse aggregate fractions of the concrete
with recycled aggregate did not significantly affect its mechanical behavior. [2]

Another example of study occurs in India, where the authorities are increasingly prohibiting the use of
raw materials because the availability of raw materials is decreasing for the construction industry.
Studies have been conducted regarding density, compressive strength, water absorption, absorption
resistance and ultrasonic pulse velocity, where it was concluded that coarse RC&D can replace 45% of
coarse natural aggregate (NCA) and fine RC&D can replace 40% of river sand. [3]

Something noteworthy in both studies is that these new cobblestones made from recyclable materials
perform successfully in the face of relatively high absorption, but exhibit low wear resistance and further
research is recommended for these variables.

There are other types of materials considered as industrial waste resulting from various production
activities, which are currently being proposed as an alternative to the use of aggregates in order to
reduce both the environmental impact of these waste products and construction costs. An example of
this is the corn cob leaf fiber, which is normally burned, releasing gases such as carbon monoxide; In
Ecuador, tests are being carried out to add this fiber to the aggregates traditionally used for the creation
of pavers, having determined in a prototype of ecological cobblestones that the addition of corncob leaf
fiber provides better resistance to compression and rupture with a value of 24.54 Mpa (250.25kg/cm2 ).
[4]

In conclusion, it was determined that the addition of corn cob leaf shavings improves aspects of the
mechanical behavior such as resistance to compression and breakage. The water absorption rate is
better than traditional pavers since it is going to be a prototype of ecological pavers, in the same way, it
happens with the crushing of debris obtained from construction (mortars, bricks, and concrete), they
have a good performance for the application in cobblestones improving mechanical and economical
aspects.
UNIVERSIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE SANTANDER
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL
DISEÑO DE PAVIMENTOS
BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] Santiago Ceballos-Medina, Diana Carolina González-Rincón, and Julián David Sánchez, “Reciclaje
de Residuos de Construcción y Demolición (RC&D) Generados en la Universidad del Valle Sede
Meléndez para la Fabricación de Adoquines,” Ion (Bucaramanga, Colombia), vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 27–35,
2021, doi: 10.18273/revion.v34n1-2021003.

[2] A. M. Bravo-German, I. D. Bravo-Gómez, J. A. Mesa, and A. Maury-Ramírez, “Mechanical Properties


of Concrete Using Recycled Aggregates Obtained from Old Paving Stones,” Sustainability (Basel,
Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 6, p. 3044, 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13063044.

[3] G. K. Attri, R. . Gupta, and S. Shrivastava, “Impact of recycled concrete aggregate on mechanical
and durability properties of concrete paver blocks,” Materials today : proceedings, vol. 42, pp. 975–981,
2021, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.977.

[4] J. B. Varas Ramírez and J. N. Areche García, “Comportamiento mecánico del adoquín de hormigón
adicionando residuos orgánicos del maíz,” Dominio de las Ciencias, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 148–168, 2021.

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