This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A322 − 13 (Reapproved 2018)´1

Standard Specification for

Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

ε1 NOTE—Table 1 was reformatted editorially in May 2020.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope A400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition,

1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought alloy steel bars. and Mechanical Properties
Bar applications include forging, heat treating, cold drawing, E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
machining and many structural components (Note 1). E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
Blooms, and Forgings
NOTE 1—A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in Practice E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
A400.
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
1.2 The bars shall be furnished in the grades specified in
Table 1. Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in 3. Ordering Information
Specification A29/A29M. Hot-wrought alloy steel bars are 3.1 Orders under this specification should include the fol-
produced in cut lengths and coils; the manufacturer should be lowing as required to describe adequately the desired material:
consulted regarding sections and sizes available in coils, 3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of bars),
produced to a chemical composition. 3.1.2 Name of material (hot-wrought alloy steel bars),
1.3 Some applications may require superior surface quality, 3.1.3 Dimensions,
or special chemical restrictions, metallurgical characteristics, 3.1.4 ASTM designation,
heat treatment, or surface finishes which the purchaser may 3.1.5 Deoxidation practice (see 5.3),
obtain by designating one or more of the available Supplemen- 3.1.6 Grade designation or chemical composition limits (see
tary Requirements. 6.1 and Table 1),
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.1.7 Grain size if required,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.1.8 Test reports, if required (Section 8),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1.9 Additions to the specification and Supplementary
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Requirements, if required, and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.1.10 Application.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 4. General Requirements
2. Referenced Documents 4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
Specification A29/A29M, unless otherwise provided herein.
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought 5. Materials and Manufacture
A304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject
5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following
to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
primary processes: basic-oxygen or electric-furnace. The pri-
mary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, and may be followed by secondary melting using electro-slag
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee remelting or vacuum arc remelting. Where secondary melting
A01.15 on Bars. is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the cast product
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally
remelted from a single primary heat.
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A322–13. DOI:
10.1520/A0322-13R18E01.
2
5.2 The steel shall be furnished as strand cast or ingot cast,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
unless otherwise specified.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 5.2.1 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to secure
the ASTM website. freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation.

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 A322 − 13 (2018)´1
TABLE 1 Grade Designations and Chemical Compositions of Hot-Wrought Alloy Steel BarsA, B

UNS GradeD Chemical Composition, Ranges and Limits, %

DesignationC Designations
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus, Sulfur,E SiliconF Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Vanadium
max max
G13300 1330 0.28–0.33 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ... ...
G13350 1335 0.33–0.38 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ... ...
G13400 1340 0.38–0.43 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ... ...
G13450 1345 0.43–0.48 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ... ...
G40120 4012 0.09–0.14 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.15–0.25 ...
G40230 4023 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40240 4024 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035–0.050 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40270 4027 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40280 4028 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035–0.050 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40320 4032 0.30–0.35 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40370 4037 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40420 4042 0.40–0.45 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40470 4047 0.45–0.50 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G40420 4042 0.40–0.45 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G41180 4118 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 0.08–0.15 ...
G41200 4120 0.18–0.23 0.90–1.20 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 0.13–0.20 ...
G41210 4121 0.18–0.23 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.45–0.65 0.20–0.30 ...
G41300 4130 0.28–0.33 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41350 4135 0.33–0.38 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41370 4137 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41400 4140 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41420 4142 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41450 4145 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41470 4147 0.45–0.50 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41500 4150 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25 ...
G41610 4161 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 0.25–0.35 ...
G43200 4320 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30 ...
G43400 4340 0.38–0.43 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30 ...
G43406 E4340 0.38–0.43 0.65–0.85 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30 ...
G44190 4419 0.18–0.23 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.45–0.60 ...
G44220 4422 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.35–0.45 ...
G44270 4427 0.24–0.29 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.35–0.45 ...
G46150 4615 0.13–0.18 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G46170 4617 0.16–0.21 0.40–0.65 0.030 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G46200 4620 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G46210 4621 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G46260 4626 0.24–0.29 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.70–1.00 ... 0.15–0.25 ...
G47150 4715 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.70–1.00 0.45–0.65 0.45–0.60 ...
G47180 4718 0.16–0.21 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.90–1.20 0.35–0.55 0.30–0.40 ...
G47200 4720 0.17–0.22 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.90–1.20 0.35–0.55 0.15–0.25 ...
G48150 4815 0.13–0.18 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G48170 4817 0.13–0.20 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G48200 4820 0.18–0.23 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30 ...
G50150 5015 0.12–0.17 0.30–0.50 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.30–0.50 ... ...
G50460 5046 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.35 ... ...
G51150 5115 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51170 5117 0.15–0.20 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51200 5120 0.17–0.22 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51300 5130 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 ... ...
G51320 5132 0.30–0.35 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.75–1.00 ... ...
G51350 5135 0.33–0.38 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.05 ... ...
G51400 5140 0.38–0.43 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51450 5145 0.43–0.48 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51470 5147 0.46–0.51 0.70–0.95 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.85–1.15 ... ...
G51500 5150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51550 5155 0.51–0.59 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G51600 5160 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G50986 E50100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ... ...
G51986 E51100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 0.90–1.15 ... ...
G52986 E52100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 1.30–1.60 ... ...
G52985 52100 0.93–1.05 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 ... 1.35–1.60 ... ...
G61180 6118 0.16–0.21 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.50–0.70 ... 0.10–0.15
G61500 6150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 ... 0.15 min
G81150 8115 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.20–0.40 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15 ...
G86150 8615 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86170 8617 0.15–0.20 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86200 8620 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86220 8622 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86250 8625 0.23–0.28 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86270 8627 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86300 8630 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86370 8637 0.35–0.40 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86400 8640 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...

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 A322 − 13 (2018)´1
TABLE 1 Continued
UNS GradeD Chemical Composition, Ranges and Limits, %
DesignationC Designations
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus, Sulfur,E SiliconF Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Vanadium
max max
G86420 8642 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86450 8645 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86500 8650 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86550 8655 0.51–0.59 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G86600 8660 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25 ...
G87200 8720 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30 ...
G87400 8740 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30 ...
G88220 8822 0.20–0.25 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.30–0.40 ...
G92540 9254 0.51–0.59 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 1.20–1.60 ... 0.60–0.80 ... ...
G92550 9255 0.51–0.59 0.70–0.95 0.035 0.040 1.80–2.20 ... ... ... ...
G92590 9259 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.70–1.10 ... 0.45–0.65 ... ...
G92600 9260 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 1.80–2.20 ... ... ... ...
G93100 9310 0.08–0.13 0.45–0.65 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.30 3.00–3.50 1.00–1.40 0.08–0.15 ...
Standard Boron SteelsG
G50441 50B44 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.60 ... ...
G50461 50B46 0.44–0.49 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.35 ... ...
G50501 50B50 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ... ...
G50601 50B60 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ... ...
G51601 51B60 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ... ...
G81451 81B45 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.20–0.40 0.35–0.55 0.08–0.15 ...
G94171 94B17 0.15–0.20 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15 ...
G94301 94B30 0.28–0.33 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15 ...
A
Small quantities of certain elements are present in alloy steels which are not specified or required. These elements are considered as incidental and may be present
to the following maximum amounts: copper 0.35 %, nickel 0.25 %, chromium 0.20 %, and molybdenum 0.06 %.
B
Standard alloy steels can be produced with a lead range of 0.15 to 0.35 %. Such steels are identified by inserting the letter “L” between the second and third numerals
of the number, that is, 41L40. A cast or heat analysis is not determinable when lead is added to the ladle stream.
C
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527.
D
Grade designations correspond to the respective AISI and SAE designations. Grade compositions correspond to the respective AISI compositions.
E
Where minimum and maximum sulfur contents are shown, it is indicative of resulfurized steel.
F
Silicon may be specified by the purchaser as 0.10 % maximum. The need for 0.10 % maximum generally relates to severely cold-formed parts.
G
These steels can be expected to contain 0.0005 to 0.003 % boron. If the usual titanium additive is not permitted, the steels can be expected to contain up to 0.005 %
boron.

5.3 Deoxidation—Killed steel is required. inspection practices, the bars shall be free of injurious seams,
5.3.1 The purchaser may designate that the steel be made to laps, segregation, or other imperfections which due to their
coarse or fine austenitic grain size. (See Supplementary Re- nature, degree, or extent, will interfere with the use of the
quirement S9 or S10.) material in machining or fabrication of suitable parts.
5.4 Slow Cooling—Immediately after hot forming, the bars 7.2 Descaling—When descaled bars are required, Supple-
shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the critical mentary Requirement S12 on Pickling or S13 on Cleaning
range under suitable conditions to prevent imperfections must be specified.
caused by too rapid cooling.
5.5 Thermal Treatment—Various thermal treatments such as 8. Certification and Test Reports
annealing, stress relief, quench and temper, normalize, etc., are
available. Such treatments must be specified as a Supplemen- 8.1 When specified by the purchaser, a manufacturer’s
tary Requirement. certification that the material was manufactured and tested in
accordance with this specification, together with a report of the
6. Chemical Composition cast or heat analysis test results for the specified elements, shall
6.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements for be furnished. The report shall include the name of the
chemical composition in Table 1 for the grade specified. manufacturer, ASTM designation and year date and revision
6.2 The composition of the steel furnished under this letter, if any, type and grade, heat number, and size.
specification may be other than listed in Table 1 when agreed 8.2 When Supplementary Requirements are specified, the
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser as out-lined report shall include a statement of compliance with the
in Specification A29/A29M (Table on Heat Analysis Chemical requirement of the results of tests when the requirement
Ranges and Limits of Alloy Steel Bars). involves measured test values.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9. Keywords
7.1 Workmanship—The bars shall be free of pipe, cracks,
and flakes. Within the limits of good manufacturing and 9.1 alloy steel bars; hot-wrought steel bars; steel bars

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 A322 − 13 (2018)´1
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following Supplementary Requirements shall apply when specified by the
purchaser.

S1. Axle Shaft Quality S6. Annealing

S1.1 Axle shaft quality applies to hot-rolled steel bars S6.1 The steel shall be furnished annealed.
intended for the manufacture of power-driven axle shafts of the
automotive or truck type, which by their design or method of S7. Spheroidize Annealing
manufacture are not machined all over or have less than S7.1 The steel shall be spheroidize annealed.
recommended stock removed for the proper clean-up of normal
surface imperfections. S8. Stress Relieving
S8.1 The steel shall be stress relieved by heating to a
S2. Ball and Roller Bearing Quality and Bearing Quality temperature specified by the purchaser or to a temperature
S2.1 This quality applies to steel intended for antifriction selected by the manufacturer.
bearings.
S9. Grain Size (Coarse)
S3. Cold Shearing Quality S9.1 The steel shall conform to the coarse austenitic grain
S3.1 When the bar size exceeds certain limits, it is recom- size requirement of Specification A29/A29M.
mended that cold shearing quality steel be ordered. This quality
will provide characteristics which permit cold shearing without S10. Grain Size (Fine)
cracking. The producer should be consulted in establishing the S10.1 The steel shall be killed and shall have austenitic
proper practice. grain size of 5 and finer (fine grain), to be determined in
accordance with the comparison procedure in Test Methods
S4. Cold Working Quality E112. The grain structure shall be considered satisfactory when
S4.1 This classification encompasses bars subject to severe a minimum of the rated grains are 70 % within the specified
cold plastic deformation such as, but not limited to, upsetting, size limits.
heading, forging, forward or backward extrusion.
S4.2 If the type of steel or chemical composition does not S11. Special Straightness
have adequate cold working characteristics, appropriate ther- S11.1 The bars shall be produced with special straightness
mal treatments should be specified. (see Specification A29/A29M for tolerances).
S4.3 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified, the
bars shall be produced by manufacturing practices and sub- S12. Pickling
jected to mill tests and inspection and freedom from injurious S12.1 The surface of the bars shall be descaled by pickling.
surface imperfections to the extent that the bars shall be
suitable for the manufacture of identified parts. The quality S13. Cleaning
requirements of individual application vary. S13.1 The surface of the bars shall be descaled by blast
cleaning or other mechanical methods.
S5. Aircraft Quality or Magnaflux Quality
S5.1 These quality designations apply to alloy steels for S14. Coating
important or highly stressed parts of aircraft and for other S14.1 The bars shall be oiled, limed, or phosphate-coated as
similar or corresponding purposes involving additional strin- specified by the purchaser. The purchaser shall also specify the
gent requirements, such as magnetic particle inspection, addi- method of cleaning (Supplementary Requirement S12 or S13);
tional discard, macroetch tests (see Method E381), and hard- otherwise, the bars shall be descaled by pickling or blasting at
enability control (see Specification A304). the manufacturer’s option.

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